Self reactive cells. Medical search. Frequent questions

Nuclear factor-kappa B (NF- κ B) inhibits cell death through suppression of the caspase cascade, the c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) pathway, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation. (nature.com)
2005). Electron transfer between cytochrome c and p66Shc generates reactive oxygen species that trigger mitochondrial apoptosis. (nature.com)
Reactive oxygen species promote TNF α -induced death and sustained JNK activation by inhibiting MAP kinase phosphatases. (nature.com)
Traditionally the perspective on reactive oxygen species (ROS) has centered on the role they play as carcinogenic or cancer-causing radicals. (degruyter.com)
Khz cytotoxicity was measured using an MTT assay and the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP)-related, calcium-induced generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in A549 cells was measured by flow cytometry. (springer.com)
Khz ( fusion of Ganoderma lucidum and Polyporus umbellatus mycelia ) induces apoptosis by increasing intracellular calcium levels and activating JNK and NADPH oxidase-dependent generation of reactive oxygen species. (springer.com)
Jacobson MD. Reactive oxygen species and programmed cell death. (springer.com)
Miyajima, A, Nakashima J, Yoshioka K. Role of reactive oxygen species in cis-dichlorodiammineplatium-induced cytotoxicity on bladder cancer cells. (springer.com)
As4O6 induced apoptosis in U937 leukemic cells at much lower concentrations than As2O3 via an early increase of cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), and a decrease in cellular mitochondrial membrane potential, followed by cytochrome c release and caspase-3 activation. (spandidos-publications.com)
The GL-induced apoptosis was associated with reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and c-Jun NH 2 -terminal kinase (JNK) activation. (aspetjournals.org)
Flow cytometry was used to examine apoptosis, cell cycle distribution, and accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). (jcancer.org)
Bcl-2 has been localized to mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum and nuclear membranes, also the sites of reactive oxygen species generation. (umn.edu)
Minjares M, Wu W, Wang J. Generation of Reactive Oxygen Species in Endothelial Cells. (encyclopedia.pub)
Generation of Reactive Oxygen Species in Endothelial Cells" Encyclopedia , https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/45255 (accessed November 30, 2023). (encyclopedia.pub)
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are radical oxygen intermediates that serve as important second messengers in signal transduction. (encyclopedia.pub)
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are byproducts of enzymatic reactions, composed of both free radical and non-free radical oxygen intermediates, and are generated in numerous cell compartments such as the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), mitochondria, and cell membrane [ 1 ] [ 2 ] . (encyclopedia.pub)
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are chemically reactive, oxygen-containing molecules. (sigmaaldrich.com)
Antibody-induced nonapoptotic cell death in human lymphoma and leukemia cells is mediated through a novel reactive oxygen species-dependent pathway. (manchester.ac.uk)
Here, we reveal that the induction of PCD by these mAbs, including the type II anti-CD20 mAb GA101 (obinutuzumab), directly correlates with their ability to produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) in human B-lymphoma cell lines and primary B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells. (manchester.ac.uk)
Dive into the research topics of 'Antibody-induced nonapoptotic cell death in human lymphoma and leukemia cells is mediated through a novel reactive oxygen species-dependent pathway. (manchester.ac.uk)
This study investigated the possible role of reactive oxygen species in the induction of apoptosis in cultured human mesangial cells. (elsevierpure.com)
Furthermore, apoptosis of mesangial cells induced by reactive oxygen species may contribute to the loss of such cells observed in glomerular disease. (elsevierpure.com)
The effects of EGCG on glucose oxidase (GO)-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production was determined using the ROS probe CM-H 2 DCFDA. (molvis.org)
Reactive oxygen species are highly reactive chemicals formed from oxygen. (mekostem.com)
The Mount Sinai team found the key transcription factors driving abnormal stem cell changes, suggesting a significant role of reactive oxygen species in maintaining healthy intestines. (mekostem.com)
The research team studied the role of reactive oxygen species and NOX1, the protein used to produce these chemicals, by examining single-cell gene expression in vitro and in vivo in mice models, as well as ex vivo in the form of human intestinal biopsies obtained following routine colonoscopies. (mekostem.com)
They measured the amount of reactive oxygen species and analyzed the gene expression profile of intestine barrier cells from mice and human patients with a subtype of IBD known as ulcerative colitis. (mekostem.com)
The researchers found that a combination of NOX1, loss of function - which results in decreased reactive oxygen species, plus the presence of a substance known as TNF that causes inflammation leads to an abnormal increase of microfold cells. (mekostem.com)
The research team found this abnormal increase in M cells, as a result of loss of reactive oxygen species, in stem cells in both the human and mice models. (mekostem.com)
By treating intestine cells with reactive oxygen species, they were able to reverse the initial defect caused by losing reactive oxygen species during inflammation. (mekostem.com)
The researchers encourage further studies, which they said could include direct reactive oxygen species-stem cell modulation therapy to IBD patients in future treatments. (mekostem.com)
Studies have shown that xanthine dehydrogenase (XDH)-derived reactive oxygen species (ROS) accelerates tumor growth, and also induces mutations or produces cytotoxic effects concurrently. (medsci.org)
Melatonin induces reactive oxygen species generation and changes in glutathione levels and reduces viability in human pancreatic stellate cells. (crcm-marseille.fr)
Production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was monitored following 5-(and-6)-chloromethyl-2′,7′-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate acetyl ester and MitoSOX™ Red-derived fluorescence. (crcm-marseille.fr)
Asbestos fibers in lung and other tissue are also believed to cause the formation and release of reactive oxygen species (ROS). (cdc.gov)
This "frustrated phagocytosis" can generate reactive oxygen species (ROS): hydrogen peroxide (H 2 0 2 ), and the super oxide radical anion (O 2- ) [Kamp and Weitzman 1999, 1997]. (cdc.gov)
Dihydroethidium (DHE) fluorescence and 4-hydroxylnonenal protein adduct (P-HNE) formation were measured in PBMCs to assess reactive oxygen species production. (cdc.gov)
PCB methyl sulphones and related compounds: Identification of target cells and tissues in different species. (cdc.gov)
In lung tissue, lipid peroxidation, reactive oxygen species, superoxide dismutase activity and reduced glutathione were all increased by WPS exposure. (who.int)

These cells expand in the periphery, causing tissue infiltration and damage due to breakdown of both central (e.g., autoimmune regulator, AIRE protein dysfunction) and peripheral (FOXP3 + deficiency) tolerance mechanisms [ 3 ]. (hindawi.com)
Furthermore, TNF α and Fas induced the cleavage of mitogen-activated protein kinase/ERK kinase kinase (MEKK)1, resulting in generation of a constitutive active form of MEKK1 leading to JNK activation in c-FLIP knockdown cells. (nature.com)
We examined the relationship between peripheral blood levels of SARS-CoV-2 S (Spike protein)1/M (Membrane protein)-reactive IFN-γ-producing CD4 + and CD8 + T cells, serum levels of biomarkers of clinical severity, and mortality in critically ill COVID-19 patients. (nature.com)
Serum levels of interleukin-6, ferritin, D-Dimer, lactose dehydrogenase and C-reactive protein in paired sera were known. (nature.com)
Effects of triterpenes from Ganoderma lucidum on protein expression profile of HeLa cells. (springer.com)
Achilles is a clinical-stage biopharmaceutical company developing AI-Powered precision T cell therapies targeting clonal neoantigens: protein markers unique to the individual that are expressed on the surface of every cancer cell. (itbusinessnet.com)
Whilst clinical feeding studies generally support the safety of oats ingestion in CD, the avenin protein from oats can stimulate intestinal gluten-reactive T cells isolated from some CD patients in vitro . (fabresearch.org)
Plasma tumor necrosis factor-α and C-reactive protein as biomarker for survival in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. (diva-portal.org)
In this study, a possible role of plasma interleukin-2 (IL-2), interleukin-6 (IL-6), granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and C-reactive protein (CRP) as biomarkers for survival of HNSCC patients was investigated. (diva-portal.org)
Higher levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) were detected in plasma of the patients compared with the levels in the controls. (diva-portal.org)
The induction of proapoptotic Bcl-2 family proteins Bax and Bak and a decrease of antiapoptotic Bcl-2 protein Bcl-2 were observed in GL-treated cells. (aspetjournals.org)
The protein reactive set (type A) recognized the stretch of residues 13-21 of the insulin B chain while the set reactive to peptide only (type B) recognized the stretch from residues 12-20. (wustl.edu)
LCN2 protein induced upregulation of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), cell migration, and morphological changes similar to characteristic phenotypic changes termed reactive astrocytosis. (jneurosci.org)
C-reactive protein (CRP) is produced by the liver. (medlineplus.gov)
A more sensitive CRP test, called a high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) assay, is available to determine a person's risk for heart disease. (medlineplus.gov)
Immunoprecipitation of flotillin-1 protein from BT-20 cell extracts. (cellsignal.jp)
Effects of EGCG on mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) phosphorylation were determined by cell-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and western blotting. (molvis.org)
Just before the cell division process, Tregs interfere with the protein manufacturing machinery of the Teff cells which directly affects the mass production of protein. (thescientificreporters.com)
This technique can detect the observable changes that occurred in the protein production of the Teff cells. (thescientificreporters.com)
Due to the deactivation of mRNA processing, fresh protein will not be formed to carry out the further activity of Teff cells. (thescientificreporters.com)
When the body faces a sudden loss in the number of regulatory T cells, at that time protein production in Teff cells increases at its maximum level to stock up the protein for further cell division process. (thescientificreporters.com)
In that case, scientist comes to know that they can tamp down the protein synthesis in Teff cells with the help of a small molecule inhibitor called Rocaglamide-A or RocA (This chemical was isolated in China from a plant called Large-leaved Aglaia). (thescientificreporters.com)
Just like Treg cells, this chemical is also able to inhibit the translation of protein that occurs in Teff cells to shut down the inflammatory and immune response as well. (thescientificreporters.com)
2,000/ μ L [normal for age = 150,000-700,000]), anemia, eosinophilia, and elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C-reactive protein, lactate dehydrogenase, and pro-brain natriuretic peptide, an indicator of poor cardiac function ( Table ). (cdc.gov)
C-reactive protein is considered one of the best measures of the acute-phase response to an infectious disease or other cause of tissue damage and inflammation. (cdc.gov)

Of note, an increased carbohydrate uptake and/or induction of death receptors of cancer cells was exploited to develop glycoconjugates that potentially induce cellular stress, ROS and apoptosis. (degruyter.com)
Khz inhibited cell division and induced apoptosis in A549 cells. (springer.com)
Induction of apoptosis by ethanol extracts of Ganoderma lucidum in human gastric carcinoma cells. (springer.com)
Ganoderic acid Mf and S induce mitochondria mediated apoptosis in human cervical carcinoma HeLa cells. (springer.com)
In conclusion, As4O6 might be a new arsenic compound which may induce apoptosis in U937 leukemic cells by activating unique apoptotic signaling mediated by ROS more potently than As2O3, and deserves further evaluation. (spandidos-publications.com)
Moreover, it induced cell cycle arrest in the G0/G1 phase, apoptosis, and ROS generation in these cells. (jcancer.org)
Silibinin considerably reduced the development of oral cancer cells by inducing apoptosis, G 0 /G 1 arrest, ROS generation, and activation of the JNK/c-Jun pathway. (jcancer.org)
Apoptosis is a distinct form of cell death that is observed under various physiologic and pathologic conditions, and it is thought to be important in regulating the number of glomerular cells. (elsevierpure.com)
Fragmented nuclei with condensed chromatin, a morphologic characteristic of apoptosis, were observed by electron microscopy in mesangial cells exposed to 0.02 mM hydrogen peroxide for 4 h. (elsevierpure.com)
Nuclear DNA extracted from mesangial cells that had been incubated with hydrogen peroxide (2 to 20 mM) or with xanthine (0.05 mM) and xanthine oxidase (5 to 100 mU/mL) showed the ladder pattern on electrophoresis that is a biochemical marker for apoptosis. (elsevierpure.com)
However, the role of C1QBP in metabolism, oxidative stress, and apoptosis of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) cells have not yet been explored. (medsci.org)
C1QBP knockdown and overexpression cells were established via lentiviral infection and subjected to apoptosis and ROS assay in vitro . (medsci.org)
C1QBP promotes the catabolism of hypoxanthine and elevates the apoptosis of RCC cells by modulating XDH-mediated ROS generation. (medsci.org)

In contrast, patients with self-reactive cells have significant autoimmune features in addition to their clinical and molecular immunodeficient state. (hindawi.com)
For example, Omenn syndrome, a typical case of impaired T-cell differentiation with abnormal self-reactive cells, is invariably characterized by autoimmune features such as generalized scaly exudative erythroderma, enlarged lymphoid tissues, and peripheral expansion of oligoclonal T-cells, in addition to increased susceptibility for severe infections [ 3 , 4 ]. (hindawi.com)
Thus, self reactive T cells can become pathogenic in the target organ where high concentrations of antigen and/or differences in intracellular processing present peptides in registers distinct from those found in the thymus. (wustl.edu)
Cytotoxic T cells have CD8 as a co-receptor on their cell surface whereas, CD4+ T cells are divided into Regulatory T cells (Treg) and Helper T cells also known as self-reactive T cells i.e. (thescientificreporters.com)
Also when there is loss of function or number occurs in Tregs, it will lead to major self-reactive activity which is also known as hyperinflammation. (thescientificreporters.com)
Thymus is the origin where T cells are primarily formed and at this position, only the self-reactive T cells are recognized and filtered out from the system but somehow some Teff cells escape from this process and move to another location in the body. (thescientificreporters.com)

RIE uses chemically reactive plasma to remove material deposited on wafers. (wikipedia.org)
1978. Metabolic activation of trichloroethylene into a chemically reactive metabolite toxic to the liver. (cdc.gov)

In the absence of neutralizing antibodies, cross-reactive T cells have been shown to limit disease severity. (nih.gov)

Given that ROS accumulation and necrotic cell death enhance inflammation followed by compensatory proliferation of tumor cells, selective suppression of caspase-dependent ROS accumulation will be an alternative strategy to protect cells from ROS-dependent DNA damage and compensatory tumor progression. (nature.com)
Most cancer cells undergo metabolic reprogramming that support their survival and proliferation. (degruyter.com)
Effects of Ganoderma lucidum spores on HepG2 cells proliferation and growth cycle. (springer.com)
Further characterization of cNeT using single cell RNA and TCR-seq suggests that cNeT products are polyclonal, with reactive T cell clusters bearing signatures of T cell proliferation, cytokine secretion, and tissue migration. (itbusinessnet.com)
To investigate the effects of silibinin on the growth of oral cancer cells, cell proliferation and anchorage-independent colony formation tests were conducted on YD10B and Ca9-22 oral cancer cells. (jcancer.org)
Silibinin effectively suppressed YD10B and Ca9-22 cell proliferation and colony formation in a dose-dependent manner. (jcancer.org)
The maintenance of homeostasis in normal tissues reflects a balance between cell proliferation and cell death. (umn.edu)
Bcl-2 proved unique by blocking programmed cell death rather than promoting proliferation. (umn.edu)
Cell viability and proliferation assays can be effectively used to evaluate cell health. (sigmaaldrich.com)
Cell viability and proliferation rate are often assessed using dyes such as trypan blue or Calcein-AM, or with fluorescent readouts. (sigmaaldrich.com)
90% of convalescent or unexposed people show proliferation and cellular lactate responses to spike subunits S1/S2, indicating pre-existing cross-reactive T cell populations. (ox.ac.uk)
However, in response to homeostatic pressure, as in lymphopenia, naive T cells undergo proliferation without antigenic stimulation through a process referred to as lymphopenia-induced proliferation (LIP). (usherbrooke.ca)
Recent work from our laboratory has shown that with the homeostatic cytokines IL-7 and IL-15 synergize with IL-21 to induce antigen-independent proliferation of naive CD8[superscript +]T cells. (usherbrooke.ca)
Moreover, this cytokine-driven, antigen-independent proliferation "sensitizes" or "primes" naive CD8[superscript +] T cells to undergo robust proliferation in response to limiting concentrations of their cognate antigens. (usherbrooke.ca)

However, when the accumulation of these molecules exceeds the buffering capacity of antioxidant enzymes, oxidative stress and endothelial cell (EC) dysfunction occur. (encyclopedia.pub)
These results support the hypothesis that superoxide generation by a NAD(P)H oxidase-like complex can limit bacterial survival within epithelial cells and suggest that the role of periplasmic Cu,ZnSOD in bacterial infections is not simply that of conferring protection against the phagocytic oxidative burst. (torvergata.it)
Results showed that in cultured human-derived retinal pigment epithelial ARPE-19 cells , the extract of Chlorella zofingiensis and its nutritional ingredient astaxanthin exhibited significant inhibitory effects on the formation of endogenous N ε -carboxymethyllysine (CML), a key AGE representative, through the suppression of intracellular oxidative stress. (rsc.org)
Oxidative stress, DNA methylation, and telomere length changes in peripheral blood mononuclear cells after pulmonary exposure to metal-rich welding nanoparticles. (cdc.gov)

Astrocytes, the most abundant glial cell type in the brain, provide metabolic and trophic support to neurons and modulate synaptic activity. (jneurosci.org)
We propose that lcn2 is an autocrine mediator of reactive astrocytosis based on the multiple roles of lcn2 in the regulation of cell death, morphology, and migration of astrocytes. (jneurosci.org)
Our results suggest that lcn2 acts in an autocrine manner to induce cell death sensitization and morphological changes in astrocytes under inflammatory conditions and that these phenotypic changes may be the basis of reactive astrocytosis in vivo . (jneurosci.org)
In the present study, we investigated the role of lcn2 in both functional and structural changes of reactive astrocytes. (jneurosci.org)
Our results indicated that lcn2 is critical for cell death sensitization, stimulation of cell migration, and morphological changes of reactive astrocytes. (jneurosci.org)
New research from the lab of Jiaqian Wu, PhD , associate professor in the Vivian L. Smith Department of Neurosurgery and the Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, on reactive astrocytes in spinal cord injury may lead to future therapeutic targets to ease the process of neural regeneration. (uth.edu)
The research titled, " Systematic analysis of purified astrocytes after SCI unveils Zeb2os function during astrogliosis ," was published in the February edition of Cell Reports . (uth.edu)
After a spinal cord injury, astrocytes and other cell types begin to form a scar barrier to prevent the spread of damage to the spinal cord tissue. (uth.edu)
The mechanisms underlying impaired neuronal function are not fully understood, but evidence is accumulating that the presence of the gliotic scar produced by reactive astrocytes play a critical role in these detrimental processes. (nih.gov)
TRPM7 was found to be highly expressed in reactive astrocytes within well-characterized MS lesions and upregulated in primary astrocytes under chronic inflammatory conditions. (nih.gov)
These findings indicate that astrocytic TRPM7 is a critical regulator of the formation of a gliotic scar and provide a novel mechanism by which reactive astrocytes affect neuronal outgrowth. (nih.gov)
We addressed how treatments and hypoxia affect tumor-associated astrocytes in ways that consequently alter glioma cell properties, and how hypoxia and pseudo-hypoxia are involved in stemness maintenance in glioblastoma. (lu.se)
Astrocytes became reactive in response to these cues and produced extracellular matrix that altered glioma cell properties, including stemness. (lu.se)

From these samples, 15 CD8+ and 17 CD4+ neoantigen-reactive TCR clonotypes (NeoTCRs) were known. (bmj.com)

Reactive arthritis (ReA), formerly termed Reiter syndrome, is an autoimmune condition that develops in response to an infection. (medscape.com)

In contrast, patients with reactive T cells exhibited poor T-cell differentiation and activity. (hindawi.com)

These proteins are produced by white blood cells during inflammation. (medlineplus.gov)
As a corrective action to ensure that Teff cells do not cause uncontrolled inflammation or autoimmunity, the Treg cells mostly use the combination of two forms of cytokines, Interleukins-10 (IL-10) and translational growth factor beta (TGFß), to break down mTORC1 signaling pathway which is highly activated in Teff cells. (thescientificreporters.com)
Mitochondria are known as cells' powerhouses, but mounting evidence suggests they also play a role in inflammation. (news-medical.net)
One of the most important cells in studying this ailment are basophils, which activate inflammation and other responses to allergens such as rashes, and sometimes, anaphylaxis. (news-medical.net)
The presence of asbestos fibers in the lungs sets off a variety of responses leading to inflammation, cell, and tissue damage, which can lead to malignant and non-malignant diseases. (cdc.gov)
Other cell-mediated mechanisms (especially inflammation). (cdc.gov)
Other cell-mediated mechanisms (especially inflammation induced by TNF-α). (cdc.gov)
Irritants can cause cell damage and inflammation. (msdmanuals.com)

Furthermore, silibinin inhibited the migration and invasion abilities of YD10B and Ca9-22 cells by regulating the expression of proteins involved in the epithelial-mesenchymal transition. (jcancer.org)
Iron and BIM (Bcl-2-interacting mediator of cell death) proteins were involved in the cytotoxic sensitization process. (jneurosci.org)
Because of their surface charge, asbestos fibers can adsorb to cellular macromolecules (proteins, DNA, RNA) and cell surface proteins. (cdc.gov)

Therefore, the present results suggest that DA and its metabolites containing two hydroxyl residues exert cytotoxicity mainly due to generation of highly reactive quinones. (elsevierpure.com)

The effects of silibinin on the migration and invasion of oral cancer cells were evaluated using transwell assays. (jcancer.org)
Cellular assays, or cell-based assays, can be used in both biomedical research and drug-discovery screening applications to efficiently quantify cytotoxicity, biological activity, biochemical mechanisms and off-target interactions. (sigmaaldrich.com)
The advantages of cell-based assays include the facilitation and generation of complex and biologically relevant data. (sigmaaldrich.com)
Unlike traditional biochemical assays, cell-based assays are more physiologically relevant and can assess compound characteristics simultaneously. (sigmaaldrich.com)
Explore tumor metastasis employing various cell migration and invasion assays like Boyden chamber assay, Millicell® µ-Migration Assay and in vitro scratch assay. (sigmaaldrich.com)
Cell based angiogenesis assays to analyze new blood vessel formation for applications of cancer research, tissue regeneration and vascular biology. (sigmaaldrich.com)
These assays may be used to quantify and to assess the health of mammalian cell lines, primary cells and stem cells. (sigmaaldrich.com)
Angiogenesis assays can be used to study both the induction and inhibition of angiogenesis in in vitro cell models. (sigmaaldrich.com)
Here we show a range of T cell assays that differentially capture immune function to characterise SARS-CoV-2 responses. (ox.ac.uk)
We evaluated cell stemness by using multiple functional assays in combination with stem cell marker expression analysis. (lu.se)

Here we compared T-cell functions including the number of circulating CD3 + T cells, in vitro responses to mitogens, T-cell receptor (TCR) repertoire, TCR excision circles (TREC) levels, and regulatory T cells (Tregs) enumeration in several immunodeficinecy subtypes, clinically presenting with nonreactive residual cells (MHC-II deficiency) or reactive cells. (hindawi.com)
They exploit the antitumor activity of cytotoxic T cells to improve cancer elimination, and include tumor infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) and T cell receptor (TCR) therapies. (academictransfer.com)
These cells were predominantly terminally differentiated effector-memory cells and showed the same T cell receptor variable β chain (TCRBV) -restriction as the infused cells. (ox.ac.uk)
Methods We performed single-cell RNA and T cell receptor (TCR) sequencing (scRNA/TCR-seq) on over 46,000 T cells isolated from eleven archival metastatic tumor samples whose primary cancer types included colon, rectal, breast, anal, and melanoma. (bmj.com)
The first signal is mediated via the T cell receptor (TCR) following its interaction with the peptide presented on class-I major histocompability complex (MHC-I) molecules. (usherbrooke.ca)
In C57BL/6 (B6) mice, the T cell response to acetylcholine receptor from Torpedo callfomlca (TAChR) provides a specific antibody response and symptoms of muscular weakness similar to those displayed in the human disease myasthenia gravis. (uthscsa.edu)
[ 2 ] Options for second-line therapy in patients with relapsed/refractory disease include chemotherapy-free regimens with biologic targeted agents such as covalent Bruton tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitors, lenalidomide,venetoclax, and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy. (medscape.com)

Overexpression of periplasmic Cu,ZnSOD rescues invasive E. coli strains from killing within epithelial cells, suggesting that superoxide generation by such cells can oxidatively damage invading bacteria. (torvergata.it)
To determine the anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant effects of epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), the major polyphenol component of green tea, in human corneal epithelial cells (HCEpiC). (molvis.org)

Background Autologous patient T cells engineered to express antitumor T cell receptors (TCRs) and chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) have been effective for the treatment of certain cancer types, 1-4 and tumor neoantigens encoded by cancer-specific mutations have emerged as major targets of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) and in adoptive cell therapy (ACT). (bmj.com)
This will minimize the required number and size of the Teff cells in order to maintain the magnitude of the immune or inflammatory response. (thescientificreporters.com)
Microfold cells, also known as M cells, are crucial to regulating gut immune response. (mekostem.com)
This increase in epithelial M cells drives increased recruitment of immune cells in mice. (mekostem.com)
One cutting-edge cancer treatment exciting researchers today involves collecting and reprogramming a patient's T cells - a special set of immune cells - then putting them back into the body ready to detect and destroy cancerous cells. (news-medical.net)

This study aimed to investigate the anti-proliferative effects of Khz on A549 lung cancer cells. (springer.com)
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is associated with only limited immunotherapy benefit. (academictransfer.com)
In close collaborations with lung oncologists in our hospital, we aim to screen for lung cancer-reactive T cells. (academictransfer.com)

Enumeration of peripheral blood levels of SARS-CoV-2-S1/M-reactive IFN-γ CD4 + and CD8 + T cells does not predict viral clearance from the lower respiratory tract or poor clinical outcomes in critically ill COVID-19 patients. (nature.com)
The low rates of T cell activation after a substantial oats challenge (100 g/d) suggests that doses of oats commonly consumed are insufficient to cause clinical relapse, and supports the safety of oats demonstrated in long-term feeding studies. (fabresearch.org)
Tumor TNM staging is the main basis for prognosis and treatment decision for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) despite significant heterogeneity in terms of outcome among patients with the same clinical stage. (diva-portal.org)
CONCLUSIONS: These data indicate that application of cytomegalovirus-specific T cells generated by direct selection using γ-capture is both feasible and effective in a clinical environment. (ox.ac.uk)

While the autoreactive cells displayed significantly reduced Tregs numbers, the alloreactive transplacentally acquired maternal lymphocytes had high functional Tregs. (hindawi.com)
In some cases, T cells may present, as a result of residual autologous cells or transplacentally acquired maternal lymphocytes [ 1 ]. (hindawi.com)
The origin of the reactive cells in such patients are either thymic release of T-cells that expand at the periphery or transplacentally transfers of maternal T lymphocytes. (hindawi.com)
A distinctive feature of SCID patients, which sometimes can clinically resemble Omenn, [ 6 ] is the presence of alloreactive cells originated from transplacentally maternal T lymphocytes. (hindawi.com)
LIP des lymphocytes T CD8+ naïfs nécessite IL-7, et un peptide du soi présenté pas le CMH de classe I. Des travaux récents de notre laboratoire ont montré que les cytokines homéostatiques IL-7 et IL-15 peuvent agir en synergie avec IL-21 et induire une prolifération antigène-indépendante des cellules CD8+ naives. (usherbrooke.ca)
Histologically the lungs of WPS-exposed mice had foci of mixed inflammatory cells infiltration in the interalveolar interstitium which consisted of neutrophils, lymphocytes and macrophages. (who.int)

Hydrogen peroxide or xanthine and xanthine oxidase increased the lactate dehydrogenase release from mesangial cells in a dose- and time-dependent manners. (elsevierpure.com)

Severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) is typically characterized by significantly low number and/or defective function of T and B cells. (hindawi.com)
Treatment with GL significantly inhibited the viability of human prostate cancer cell line LNCaP (androgen-dependent) and its androgen-independent variant (C81) with an IC 50 of ∼1 μM (24-h treatment), at pharmacologically relevant concentrations standardized to its major active constituent z-guggulsterone. (aspetjournals.org)
SV40 immortalized mouse embryonic fibroblasts derived from Bax-Bak double-knockout mice were significantly more resistant to GL-induced cell killing compared with wild-type cells. (aspetjournals.org)
The interferon γ+ (IFN-γ+) and multifunctional CD4+ T-cell responses were maintained in the repeated group but declined significantly in the single-vaccination group. (nih.gov)
Once you knocked it down, reactive astrogliosis is significantly decreased after spinal cord injury," Wu said. (uth.edu)
Pre-treatment of HeLa cells with diphenyl iodonium or 4'-hydroxy-3'-methoxyacetophenone, two inhibitors of NAD(P)H oxidase, significantly enhances intracellular survival of wild type invasive E. coli cells. (torvergata.it)
Hydrogen peroxide (2 mM) also significantly increased the number of mesangial cells with fragmented DNA as detected by in situ nick end-labeling. (elsevierpure.com)
The V beta 5 gene family was expressed significantly less frequently while the V beta 14, V beta 15, and V beta 16 genes were expressed significantly more frequently in the panel of I-Abm12-reactive than in the panel of random hybridomas. (silverchair.com)

The number of donor-reactive IFN-γ and IL-21 producing cells was analyzed by ELISPOT assay. (eur.nl)
Cell culture protocol: the endothelial cell transwell migration and invasion assay used to study angiogenesis and cancer cell metastasis. (sigmaaldrich.com)
Learn how to set up a T cell killing assay using Millicell ® Microwell plates. (sigmaaldrich.com)
Cell migration and invasion can be evaluated in vitro with widely-used membrane-based migration systems such as the Boyden Chamber assay. (sigmaaldrich.com)
Cell-based assay development for drug discovery can accelerate optimization of treatments for cancer and other angiogenesis-dependent diseases. (sigmaaldrich.com)
The detection of T cell responses to SARS-CoV-2 is therefore critically dependent on assay and antigen selection. (ox.ac.uk)
Cell metabolic activity was measured using the alamarBlue assay. (molvis.org)

No correlation was found between SARS-CoV-2 IFN-γ T-cell counts, anti-RBD IgG concentrations and biomarker serum levels (Rho ≤ 0.3). (nature.com)
Recently, we discovered a new biomarker that can be used to identify antitumor T cells. (academictransfer.com)
In a small but rigorous pilot study, Johns Hopkins Medicine researchers have shown that a novel, minimally invasive biomarker-based strategy they developed was 90% successful in detecting esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), the predominant subtype of esophageal cancer worldwide. (news-medical.net)
Importantly, the measurement of telomere length in cells isolated from peripheral blood may serve as a potential biomarker of response in the assessment of toxicity associated with welding fumes. (cdc.gov)

Although the basic process of reactive astrocytosis is evolutionarily conserved and accompanies all forms of neural injuries, the precise molecular mechanisms underlying the reactive astrocytosis processes are presently far from clear. (jneurosci.org)
Although Fc-dependent mechanisms of mAb-mediated tumor clearance have been extensively studied, the ability of mAbs to directly evoke programmed cell death (PCD) in the target cell and the underlying mechanisms involved remain under-investigated. (manchester.ac.uk)

Redirection of glutamine to cellular energetics destabilizes glutathione homeostasis in glioblastoma cells and other cancer cells [ 9 ]. (degruyter.com)
It is interesting to note that a representative normal prostate epithelial cell line (PrEC) was relatively more resistant to GL-mediated cellular responses compared with prostate cancer cells. (aspetjournals.org)
In zebrafishes, forced expression of rat lcn2 gene increased the number and thickness of cellular processes in GFAP-expressing radial glia cells, suggesting that lcn2 expression in glia cells plays an important role in vivo . (jneurosci.org)
The logistics of producing virus-specific T cells has, however, limited the application of cellular therapies, particularly following the introduction of more-recent regulatory stipulations. (ox.ac.uk)
Mitochondria are organelles found within most cells, best known for generating the chemical energy required to power cellular functions. (news-medical.net)
A research team at the School of Biological Sciences, the University of Hong Kong, has revealed novel cellular and molecular interactions between cancer cells and tumor-associated macrophages that promote peritoneal metastasis of ovarian cancer. (news-medical.net)

A complex interaction occurs between inflammatory cells and airway epithelium. (medscape.com)
A new finding shows that Teffs that falsely encounter their own healthy cells instead of infected cells which can cause an inflammatory or autoimmune response are cut down by Tregs. (thescientificreporters.com)
Thus by blocking the major cycle in Teff cells, Treg cells can reduce the inflammatory and autoimmune response by keeping them within limits. (thescientificreporters.com)
Thirty-seven cases of reactive lesions including fibrous hyperplasia (FH, n=10), inflammatory fibrous hyperplasia (IFH, n=10), peripheral giant cell lesion (PGCL, n=10) and lobular capillary hemangioma (LCH, n=7) were investigated using immunohistochemistry for mast cell tryptase and CD34. (bvsalud.org)

10-12 Conventional approaches to isolate tumor-reactive T cells and identify their TCRs from tumors rely on T cell function and can be impaired due to T cell exhaustion and dysfunction. (bmj.com)
Reactive airways dysfunction syndrome Asthma is a condition in which the airways narrow-usually reversibly-in response to certain stimuli. (msdmanuals.com)

Molecular genetic analysis of 178 I-Abm12-reactive T cells. (silverchair.com)

Our objective was to establish whether ingestion of oats or other grains toxic in CD stimulate an avenin-specific T cell response in vivo . (fabresearch.org)
We fed participants a meal of oats (100 g/day over 3 days) to measure the in vivo polyclonal avenin-specific T cell responses to peptides contained within comprehensive avenin peptide libraries in 73 HLA-DQ2.5 + CD patients. (fabresearch.org)
Our findings indicate that CD patients possess T cells capable of responding to immuno-dominant hordein epitopes and homologous avenin peptides ex vivo , but the frequency and consistency of these T cells in blood is substantially higher after oral challenge with barley compared to oats. (fabresearch.org)
Expansions of both CD4(+) and CD8(+) cytomegalovirus-specific T cells were observed in vivo within days of adoptive transfer. (ox.ac.uk)
A family of Bcl-2 related genes is emerging that includes Bax, a conserved homolog that heterodimerizes in vivo with Bcl-2 and promotes cell death. (umn.edu)
Our novel blood brain barrier model allows direct cell-to-cell interactions, closely modeling the in vivo properties. (sigmaaldrich.com)

cNeT are the active component of the final, precision T cell product which target tumors through recognition of a patient's clonal neoantigens present on all tumor cells. (itbusinessnet.com)
33/73 predicted NeoTCRs (including both CD4 and CD8) were reactive against patients' tumors or candidate neoantigens. (bmj.com)
Tumors are not simply a compilation of molecularly and phenotypically identical neoplastic cells. (lu.se)

Several non-phagocytic cells can actively generate the superoxide anion by NAD(P)H oxidases resembling the enzymatic complex typical of phagocytes. (torvergata.it)
L-Dopa and its metabolites containing two free hydroxyl residues on their benzene ring showed toxicity in the cell, which was prevented by superoxide dismutase (SOD) and reduced glutathione (GSH), but not by catalase. (elsevierpure.com)

How autoreactive T cells escape thymic selection and eventually become pathogenic in peripheral tissues represents a fundamental issue for understanding autoimmune diseases. (wustl.edu)

SARS-CoV-2 IFN-γ CD4 + T-cell responses were documented more frequently than their CD8 + counterparts (62 vs. 56 patients) and were of greater magnitude overall. (nature.com)
Detectable SARS-CoV-2 S1/M-reactive CD8 + and CD4 + T-cell responses were associated with higher SARS-CoV-2 RNA loads in TA. (nature.com)
More recently, a strong association was found between presence of NP (nucleoprotein) 105-113 -B*07:02-specific CD8 + T-cell responses and mild disease 15 . (nature.com)
Blood samples were collected before the influenza season or vaccination to assess antibody and T-cell responses. (nih.gov)
AbstractIdentification of protective T cell responses against SARS-CoV-2 requires distinguishing people infected with SARS-CoV-2 from those with cross-reactive immunity to other coronaviruses. (ox.ac.uk)

While all cells are functionally deficient, resulting in high susceptibility to infections, only some of these cells are causing autoimmune symptoms. (hindawi.com)
SCID patients presenting with circulating T cells show different patterns of T-cell activity and regulatory T cells enumeration that dictates the immunodeficient and autoimmune manifestations. (hindawi.com)
We found a striking example supporting the importance of these peptide specific T cells in the autoimmune diabetes-prone NOD mouse strain. (wustl.edu)
The initial function of Treg cells is to anticipate autoimmune disorders by maintaining self-tolerance. (thescientificreporters.com)

Surprisingly, no conserved J alpha, D beta, J beta, or N region-encoded sequences among these selected I-Abm12-reactive TCRs were identified. (silverchair.com)

These simple in vitro methodologies should allow more widespread application of virus-specific T cell immunotherapies. (ox.ac.uk)
In the cell-free in vitro electron spin resonance (ESR) spectrometry, DA possessing two hydroxyl groups showed generation of DA-semiquinone radicals, which were markedly prevented by addition of SOD or GSH but not by catalase. (elsevierpure.com)
Analysis of TCR β sequences from antigen-primed lymph node cells (LNC) showed a similar enrichment for sequences having a glutamlc acid in CDR3, although the overall appearance of the LNC sequences was somewhat more heterogeneous and consistent with a gradual In vitro selection of the subset of TCR found in the T cell clones. (uthscsa.edu)

High abundance of glucose in the cytoplasm of a cancer cell also increases flux into other metabolic pathways such as hexosamine biosynthetic pathway (HBP) [ 7 ]. (degruyter.com)
Western blotting revealed that silibinin downregulated SOD1 and SOD2 and triggered the JNK/c-Jun pathway in oral cancer cells. (jcancer.org)
This newly characterized cell death pathway may potentially be exploited to eliminate malignant cells, which are refractory to conventional chemotherapy and immunotherapy. (manchester.ac.uk)
Moreover, we showed that p75 NTR signaling is involved in the activation of the hypoxic signaling pathway and is also regulating glioma cell stemness and migration in hypoxia. (lu.se)

The objective of the study was to use an animal model to identify potential biomarkers of epigenetic changes (e.g., changes in telomere length, DNA methylation) in isolated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) after exposure to different welding fumes. (cdc.gov)

Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) and reactive arthritis (ReA) are different types of arthritis. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Painful erosions on fingers in patient with reactive arthritis. (medscape.com)

Endothelial cells (ECs) also secrete a wide range of cytokines and growth factors that regulate various physiological activities in autocrine, paracrine, and endocrine manners. (encyclopedia.pub)
When cells were treated with IL-1β and EGCG or hyperosmolarity and EGCG there was a dose-dependent reduction in release of these cytokines/chemokines, with significant inhibition observed at 3-30 µM. (molvis.org)
Cytokine-primed CD8[superscript +]T cells also abundantly produce effector cytokines, such as TNF? (usherbrooke.ca)

The latter includes patients with autoreactive clonal expanded T cell and patients with alloreactive transplacentally maternal T cells. (hindawi.com)

Hydrogen peroxide (0.02 to 20 mM) decreased the number of viable cells, as determined by trypan blue exclusion, in a dose-dependent manner. (elsevierpure.com)

METHODS: We investigated the ability of cytomegalovirus-specific T cells, directly isolated from donor leucapheresates on the basis of interferon γ secretion, to restore antiviral immunity in a group of 25 patients following related-donor transplantation in a single-arm phase I-II study. (ox.ac.uk)

Reactive oxygen specifies released by stem cells are critical in maintaining a heathy gut via maintaining proper balance of intestine barrier cell types," said lead author Nai-Yun Hsu, PhD, Associate Scientist in the Judy Cho Laboratory. (mekostem.com)
Stem Cells 13(Suppl 1):58-68. (cdc.gov)

In this thesis I examine the role of these paradoxical T cells in autoimmunity, which by their nature break the classical rules of antigen processing and presentation. (wustl.edu)
In NOD mice, we found two sets of autoreactive CD4+ T cells that recognize the dominant antigen, B:9-23 of the insulin B chain. (wustl.edu)
BACKGROUND: Adoptive transfer of virus-specific T cells may accelerate reconstitution of antigen-specific immunity and limit the morbidity and mortality of viral infections following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. (ox.ac.uk)
We expressed predicted NeoTCRs in healthy donor PBL and screened them with antigen presenting cells (APCs) expressing candidate neoantigens. (bmj.com)
Abstract : The activation of naive CD8[superscript +]T cells by an antigen requires two different signals. (usherbrooke.ca)
The second signal is delivered via the co-stimulatory receptors upon recognition of their ligands on antigen presenting cells. (usherbrooke.ca)

Incubation of the cells with N-acetyl-L-cysteine and catalase resulted in significant suppression of As4O6-induced apoptotic cell death. (spandidos-publications.com)

The aim of this thesis was to evaluate how microenvironmental cues affect the interactions between the tumor microenvironment and glioma stem-like cells in glioblastoma. (lu.se)
For this work, we used genetically engineered mouse models of glioma, primary stromal and glioma cell lines, classical glioblastoma cell lines, and organotypic slice cultures. (lu.se)

Involvement of mast cells and microvessels density in reactive lesions of oral cavity: A comparative immunohistochemical study. (bvsalud.org)
In view of the similarity of clinicopathological features between reactive lesions of the oral cavity , the objective of the present study was to investigate the density of MCs ( mast cells ) and microvessels in a series of these lesions. (bvsalud.org)
For comparative purposes, central giant cell lesions (CGCL, n=5) were included. (bvsalud.org)
There was a significant difference in MC density when all reactive lesions were compared to CGCL (p=0.001). (bvsalud.org)
A significant and direct correlation between the mean density of MCs and microvessels was observed when the reactive lesions were analyzed as a whole (p=0.005). (bvsalud.org)
Our results suggest that mast cells contribute to the connective tissue framework and angiogenic function, as well as the development, of reactive lesions of the oral cavity , including FH, IFH, LCH and PGCL. (bvsalud.org)

5-9 However, only a minority of intratumoral T cells are reactive to cancer antigens while the majority represent bystander cells. (bmj.com)

Cancer cells often maintain high basal level of ROS and are vulnerable to any further increase in ROS levels beyond a certain protective threshold. (degruyter.com)
Consequently, ROS-modulation has emerged as an anticancer strategy with synthesis of various ROS-inducing or responsive agents that target cancer cells. (degruyter.com)
This mini review highlights the development of compounds that target cancer cells by taking advantage of redox or metabolic alteration in cancer cells. (degruyter.com)
Cancer cells also enhance glucose-uptake to fuel these enhanced metabolic activities [ 2 ]. (degruyter.com)
This indicates the intricate control of metabolism and redox balance for survival of cancer cells that can be targeted by therapeutic agents. (degruyter.com)
ROS-modulation in normal vs. cancer cell. (degruyter.com)
Khz, a naturally occurring compound derived from the fusion of Ganoderma lucidum and Polyporus umbellatus mycelia, inhibits the growth of cancer cells. (springer.com)
Zhao S, Ye G, Fu G, Cheng JX, Yang BB, Peng C. Ganoderma lucidum exerts anti-tumor effects on ovarian cancer cells and enhances their sensitivity to cisplatin. (springer.com)
We report an anticancer effect and mechanism of GL against human prostate cancer cells. (aspetjournals.org)
Cell migration and invasion kits are oftenn used in cancer research to study cell motility and invasiveness in response to chemoattractant gradients. (sigmaaldrich.com)

abstract = "Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) have revolutionized the treatment of B-cell malignancies. (manchester.ac.uk)

The UV-exposure technology allows a fast and low-cost process compared to the conventional reactive ion etching method. (lu.se)

During cell invasion, cells can modulate the environment as they migrate through the structure of the extracellular matrix (ECM). (sigmaaldrich.com)

The aim of this study, was to assess whether pre-transplant donor-reactive T cells and/or B cells are associated with increased rejection risk. (eur.nl)

The ultra-short pulse laser has the potential in selective nano-structuring of thin-films layers by adjusting the wavelength of laser radiation depending on optical properties of the thin- film and the substrate that will solve its efficiency and stability issues in a one-step process, which is a promising methodology for thin-film solar cell fabrication that are fabricated through a sequence of vapor deposition and scribing processes. (intechopen.com)

Anatomy3

Diseases2

Chemicals and Drugs3

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment5

Psychiatry and Psychology8

Phenomena and Processes3

Disciplines and Occupations1

Information Science1

Health Care3

Species39

Protein25

Apoptosis13

Self-reactive6

Chemically reactive2

Cross-reactive T cells1

Proliferation14

Oxidative4

Astrocytes13

Neoantigen-reactive1

Termed Reiter syndrome1

Patients with reactive1

Inflammation8

Proteins3

Highly reactive1

Assays10

Receptor7

Epithelial cells2

Immune5

Lung3

Clinical4

Lymphocytes6

Lactate dehydrogenase1

Significantly8

Assay7

Biomarker4

Mechanisms2

Cellular6

Inflammatory4

Dysfunction2

Molecular1

Vivo6

Tumors3

Superoxide2

Diseases1

Responses5

Autoimmune4

TCRs1

Vitro3

Pathway4

Biomarkers1

Arthritis2

Cytokines3

Clonal1

Hydrogen Peroxide1

Antiviral1

Stem cells2

Antigen6

Apoptotic cell1

Glioblastoma2

Lesions6

Antigens1

Cancer10

Abstract1

Conventional1

Extracellular1

Assess1

Solar cell fabrication1