Seasonal ozone. Medical search. Frequent questions

The temperature of the upper part of the Martian atmosphere is also significantly lower than Earth's because of the absence of stratospheric ozone and the radiative cooling effect of carbon dioxide at higher altitudes. (wikipedia.org)
Recent research demonstrates a strong link between the persistently positive Arctic Oscillation of last winter and early spring and the record stratospheric Arctic ozone hole. (nsidc.org)
Arctic stratospheric ozone reached its record low level of 205 Dobson units, shown in blue and turquoise, on March 12, 2020. (nsidc.org)
The Montreal Protocol - one of the world's most successful environmental treaties - has protected the stratospheric ozone layer and avoided enhanced UV radiation reaching the Earth's surface. (livescience.com)
But whether this massive loss of ozone occurs depends on whether the polar stratospheric clouds stick around for the next six to eight weeks, says Harris. (newscientist.com)
The findings, published today in the journal Geophysical Research Letters , show a distinct signal linking stratospheric ozone loss above Antarctica with increased precipitation, even as those gains have been outpaced by an even greater ice loss rate due to warming oceans, contributing to sea level rise. (sciencedaily.com)
The comprehensive analysis, which encompassed the years 1955-2005, revealed increased Antarctic precipitation during the austral summer that can be attributed to lower levels of stratospheric ozone, and which has in part buffered ice sheet mass loss. (sciencedaily.com)
Under undisturbed conditions stratospheric ozone is formed as the result of a photochemical equilibrium involving oxygen molecules, oxygen atoms and solar radiation. (europa.eu)
Continuous stratospheric ozone depletion trends, and the possible occurrence of an Arctic ozone hole, should be of great concern for Europe, with potential effects on human health, plants, animals and the food supply. (europa.eu)
The issue of stratospheric ozone depletion has stimulated interest and dialogue among the scientific community, policy makers and the public. (europa.eu)
Its properties were explored in detail by the British meteorologist G.M.B. Dobson , who developed a simple spectrophotometer that could be used to measure stratospheric ozone from the ground. (academickids.com)
Seasonal tropopause height variations are utilized in studying the global stratospheric aerosol burden and possible ozone asymmetries and long-term variations. (ametsoc.org)
It is concluded that an intimate relationship between tropopause height and total stratospheric aerosol exists and that seasonal fluctuations in tropopause height may be responsible for at least a portion of the north-south hemisphere total ozone asymmetry and the recent long-term increase trend in total ozone. (ametsoc.org)

Calculations of the seasonal concentrations and relationships of OH are consistent with both model and measurements. (uea.ac.uk)
Although elevated surface ozone ( O 3 ) concentrations are observed in many areas within southern Africa, few studies have investigated the regional atmospheric chemistry and dominant atmospheric processes driving surface O 3 formation in this region. (copernicus.org)
Source area maps of O 3 and CO indicated significantly higher O 3 and CO concentrations associated with air masses passing over a region with increased seasonal open biomass burning, which indicated CO associated with open biomass burning as a major source of O 3 in continental South Africa. (copernicus.org)
We review how climate change could affect future concentrations of tropospheric ozone and particulate matter (PM), and what changing concentrations could mean for population health. (nih.gov)
Given these uncertainties, projections suggest that climate change will increase concentrations of tropospheric ozone, at least in high-income countries when precursor emissions are held constant, which would increase morbidity and mortality. (nih.gov)
If improved models continue to project higher ozone concentrations with climate change, then reducing greenhouse gas emissions would enhance the health of current and future generations. (nih.gov)
We used a time-stratified case-crossover design and conditional logistic regression to calculate odds ratios, adjusted for weather variables and aeroallergens, to assess the effect of increases in ozone , NO2 and PM2.5 concentrations on risk of developing asthma. (cdc.gov)
Policy Relevant Background (PRB) ozone concentrations are defined by the United States (U.S.) Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) as those concentrations that would occur in the U.S. in the absence of anthropogenic emissions in continental North America (i.e., the U.S, Canada, and Mexico). (acs.org)
Sensitivity analyses conducted by the EPA have illustrated that changing estimates of PRB ozone concentrations have a progressively greater impact on estimates of mortality risk as more stringent standards are considered. (acs.org)
If countries continue to abide by the Montreal Protocol, ozone levels across the globe are expected to recover to 1980 concentrations before the year 2050, but the hole over the South Pole likely won't heal until 2070 , Ravishankara said. (livescience.com)
Evaluation of the Kriging Method to Predict 7-h Seasonal Mean Ozone Concentrations for Estimating Crop Losses (Journal Version). (epa.gov)
Blues and purples in this image of Antarctic ozone concentrations reveal the developing ozone hole of 2009. (nasa.gov)
The ozone layer is that part of the Earth 's stratosphere which contains relatively high concentrations of ozone (O 3 ). (academickids.com)
Ozone concentrations are greatest between about 15 and 40 km, where they range from about 2 to 8 parts per million.If all of the ozone were compressed to the pressure of the air at sea level, it would be only a few millimeters thick. (academickids.com)
While the ozone concentrations are very small, it is vitally important to life because it absorbs biologically harmful ultraviolet radiation from the Sun. There are three different types of ultraviolet (UV) radiation, based on the wavelength of the radiation. (academickids.com)

Following a harrowing depletion in recent decades, Earth's protective ozone layer, high in the planet's atmosphere, is on the track to recovery, according to a new report released today (Sept. 10) at the United Nations headquarters in New York. (livescience.com)
In the 1970s, researchers realized that gases such as chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) and halons - which were commonly used in appliances such as refrigerators, spray cans, insulation foam and fire suppressants - led to the depletion of the ozone layer, NOAA researchers said. (livescience.com)
Researchers will present the report, dubbed the Scientific Assessment of Ozone Depletion 2014, in November, at the annual meeting of the Parties to the Montreal Protocol in Paris. (livescience.com)
Ozone layer depletion has increased snowfall over Antarctica in recent decades, partially mitigating the ongoing loss of the continent's ice sheet mass, new research finds. (sciencedaily.com)
While previous research has outlined some aspects of the relationship between ozone depletion and the climate of the southern hemisphere, the new study co-authored by Lenaerts, Jeremy Fyke of Los Alamos National Laboratory and Brooke Medley of NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center Cryospheric Sciences Laboratory has analyzed the effect on Antarctica specifically. (sciencedaily.com)
Paradoxically, while the results suggest that ozone depletion (previously the focus of global conservation efforts such as the 1987 Montreal Protocol) helps to partially mitigate sea level rise by increasing Antarctic precipitation, those mass gains have been more than offset by increasing iceberg calving and melting. (sciencedaily.com)
Our role is to understand the causes and effects of ozone depletion, to inform the public of the risk. (niwa.co.nz)
That reaction causes depletion the ozone layer until early December. (slashgear.com)
Ground-based and satellite observations have shown a decrease of total column ozone in winter in the northern hemisphere (an average depletion of the global ozone layer of 3 per cent in the period 1979-91, but with large latitudinal and seasonal differences). (europa.eu)
The 'ozone hole' observed above Antarctica since the end of the 1970s is an extreme case of ozone layer depletion, with column reduction of about 55 per cent in October (ie, southern hemisphere spring) 1987 and 1989-93. (europa.eu)
The first concrete international measures aimed at limiting ozone depletion were agreed in 1985 and 1987. (europa.eu)
The refrigerants used in AC units have been found to contribute to ozone depletion, and the energy consumption required to power AC units contributes to climate change. (selfgrowth.com)

Understanding recent tropospheric ozone trends in the context of large internal variability: A new perspective from chemistry-climate model ensembles , Environ. (columbia.edu)
In addition to the main objectives the project aims for - Expanding the collection of global surface air pollution measurements, especially ozone, thereby expanding the well-recognized database of the Tropospheric Ozone Assessment Report (TOAR) which is hosted at the Jülich Supercomputing Centre, - Contributing to the development of new deep learning techniques through the application and analysis of strengths and weaknesses of current methods and neural network architectures. (europa.eu)
Tropospheric ozone is created in smaller amounts through different mechanisms. (academickids.com)

The ozone layer , located in Earth's stratosphere miles above the ground, shields the planet from much of the sun's damaging ultraviolet radiation. (livescience.com)
At the Earth's surface, the ingredients for making ozone are nitrogen oxides and volatile organic compounds (organic chemicals that vaporize easily). (nasa.gov)
This thinning out of Earth's important ozone layer is what resulted in many aerosols being reformulated to help reduce the rate that ozone is being depleted. (slashgear.com)
The so-called ozone layer is located between 10 and 50 km above the Earth's surface and contains approximately 90 per cent of all atmospheric ozone. (europa.eu)
The ozone layer protects life on the Earth's surface since ozone is the only efficient absorbent of the ultraviolet-B radiation (wavelengths 280 to 310 nm) from the sun. (europa.eu)
About 90% of the ozone in our atmosphere is contained in the stratosphere, the region from about 10 to 50km (32,000 to 164,000 feet) above Earth's surface. (academickids.com)

Summer trends and the inter-annual variability of tropospheric and surface baseline ozone affecting California from long-range Pacific Ocean transport will be evaluated. (confex.com)
Interannual Variability in Baseline Ozone and Its Relationship to Surface Ozone in the Western U.S.. Environmental Science & Technology 2016 , 50 (6) , 2994-3001. (acs.org)
In order to pinpoint the effect of ozone loss on Antarctic snowfall, Lenaerts and his colleagues compared two sets of eight climate modeling simulations, one set with observed ozone levels and one set with ozone values kept constant at levels before the ozone hole started, allowing the researchers to isolate the signal relative to natural climate variability. (sciencedaily.com)

Detailed comparisons of the ozonesondes and the ground ozone station data will be performed and analyzed to distinguish baseline ozone from inland anthropogenic sources. (confex.com)

The results complement a separate NASA-led study, which was led by Medley and published today in the journal Nature Climate Change, which uses observations from ice cores to show that Antarctic snowfall has increased in the last 200 years and especially so in the past 30 years, suggesting that precipitation changes can be linked to human-made causes such as greenhouse gas emissions as well as the ozone hole. (sciencedaily.com)
The Antarctic ozone hole is described as a seasonal phenomenon that starts during August and satellite data shows it was smaller this year on average that over the past several decades. (slashgear.com)
The ozone hole begins to form each year during the Antarctic spring when the sun begins to rise after months of winter darkness. (slashgear.com)

There is a marked seasonal cycle in surface ozone (O3), with a maximum in winter and minimum in summer. (niwa.co.nz)

An ozone "hole," or a seasonal thinning of the ozone layer, forms above Antarctica in the austral summer, influencing atmospheric circulation and creating stronger circumpolar westerly winds. (sciencedaily.com)

[ 1 ] Evidence for the role of the Parietaria pollen in the outbreak in Naples, Italy, was supported by high levels of the pollen grains as opposed to low levels of measured particulates and pollutants, including ozone and nitric oxide. (medscape.com)

The Ozone Mapping and Profiler Suite is the instrument package that would gather those readings. (spacenews.com)
NASA's data was supplied by instruments aboard the Aura satellite as well as the Ozone Monitoring and Profiler Suite instrument aboard the NASA-NOAA Suomi National Over-orbiting Partnership satellite. (slashgear.com)

this is balanced by entrainment of ozone into the marine boundary layer from the lower free troposphere. (uea.ac.uk)
It is clear that the level of photochemistry taking place in the marine boundary layer determines the lower bound for ozone levels. (uea.ac.uk)
There are positive indications that the ozone layer is on track to recovery towards the middle of the century," UN Under-Secretary-General and United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) Executive Director Achim Steiner said in a statement . (livescience.com)
To fight back, scientists from NOAA's Earth System Research Laboratory are testing potential substances that are safe for the ozone layer, climate and environment, experts said. (livescience.com)
The seasonal hole in the Arctic ozone layer could be the worst ever this year if the current cold conditions persist, scientists are warning. (newscientist.com)
Temperatures in the Arctic ozone layer are now the coldest for 50 years and have been consistently low for two months. (newscientist.com)
The ozone layer blankets the Earth at an altitude between 15 to 30 kilometres. (newscientist.com)
European Union scientists said on Friday that if the exceptionally cold temperatures continue, and the persistent polar clouds - which alter the chemistry of the ozone layer - remain, then large ozone losses will be likely when spring sunlight returns in the coming weeks. (newscientist.com)
Scientists will use the readings to monitor the health of the planet's radiation-absorbing ozone layer following the ban on ozone-damaging chlorofluorocarbons. (spacenews.com)
CFCs have damaged the ozone layer and led to higher UV levels and increased health risks. (niwa.co.nz)
We've been hearing about the hole in the ozone layer over Antarctica since the 80s. (slashgear.com)
The ozone layer was discovered in 1913 by the french physicists Charles Fabry and Henri Buisson . (academickids.com)
Ozone-oxygen cycle in the ozone layer . (academickids.com)
The photochemical mechanisms that give rise to the ozone layer were worked out by the British physicist Sidney Chapman in 1930 . (academickids.com)
The ozone molecule is also unstable (although, in the stratosphere, long-lived) and when ultraviolet light hits ozone it splits into a molecule of O 2 and an atom of atomic oxygen, a continuing process called the ozone-oxygen cycle , thus creating an ozone layer in the stratosphere . (academickids.com)
Were the ozone layer to decrease, more UV-B radiation would reach the surface, causing increased genetic damage to living things. (academickids.com)
The "thickness" of the ozone layer - that is, the total amount of ozone in a column overhead - varies by a large factor worldwide, being in general smaller near the equator and larger as one moves towards the poles. (academickids.com)
There is also a complicated ionosphere,[12] and a seasonal ozone layer over the south pole. (newmars.com)

Based on data from the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) on NASA's Aura satellite, the maps show the relative amounts of the volatile organic compound formaldehyde and nitrogen dioxide in July and September 2005. (nasa.gov)
Across virtually all of the United States, the ratio of formaldehyde to nitrogen dioxide is greater than 1 (yellow, orange, red) throughout the summer months, despite the seasonal decline in naturally produced volatile organics. (nasa.gov)
Since there are plenty of naturally produced volatile organics in the air in most places, ozone production is limited by the amount of nitrogen oxides. (nasa.gov)
Further reductions of nitrogen oxides, then, would be the best way to limit ozone production in most places. (nasa.gov)

HARTFORD, CT - Every county in Connecticut continued to earn failing grades for ozone pollution in the American Lung Association's 2020 " State of the Air " report, in spite of marginally less unhealthy days. (ctnewsjunkie.com)
The Lung Association's annual air quality "report card" tracks Americans' exposure to unhealthful levels of particle pollution and ozone during a three-year period from 2016 to 2018. (ctnewsjunkie.com)
Connecticut residents are breathing less unhealthy air compared to last year's report, but there is still far too much ozone pollution, placing our health and lives at risk," said Ruth Canovi, director of advocacy for the American Lung Association in Connecticut. (ctnewsjunkie.com)
Each year, the "State of the Air" provides a report card on the two most widespread outdoor air pollutants, ozone pollution, also known as smog, and particle pollution, also called soot. (ctnewsjunkie.com)
Rising temperatures lead to increased levels of ozone pollution. (ctnewsjunkie.com)
Ozone and particle pollution threaten everyone, especially children, older adults and people living with a lung disease. (ctnewsjunkie.com)
The impact of ozone air pollution on climate warming is difficult to pinpoint because, unlike other greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide, ozone does not last long enough in the lower atmosphere to spread uniformly around the globe. (nasa.gov)
We also study the air-sea exchange processes relevant to ozone, particles and volatile organic compounds, all of which are relevant to our understanding of how the ocean influences atmospheric processing and air pollution. (pml.ac.uk)

Needle point bipolar ionization inactivates 99.4% of airborne viral and bacterial diseases, as well as occurring and seasonal allergens. (arapahoelibraries.org)

In the first global assessment of the impact of ozone on climate warming, scientists at the NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies (GISS), New York, evaluated how ozone in the lowest part of the atmosphere (the troposphere) changed temperatures over the past 100 years. (nasa.gov)

In 1985, the scientific community found a seasonal "ozone hole" over Antarctica, and spurred action to prevent its growth. (livescience.com)
The researchers from the EU's SCOUT-03 project, which involves over 200 scientists from 19 countries, fear that the ozone hole could be bigger than that which followed the worst-ever winter of 1999-2000. (newscientist.com)
A gaping hole in the Arctic ozone could mean higher levels of UV radiation in some inhabited areas in northern Europe, such as Scandinavia. (newscientist.com)
Scientists report that satellite data has now revealed a slight shrinking of the ozone hole this year. (slashgear.com)
Data reveals the average size of the ozone hole between September and October of 2013 was 8.1 million square miles. (slashgear.com)
By comparison, the average size of the ozone hole since the mid-1990s was 8.7 million square miles. (slashgear.com)
Scientists are quick to point out that a single year change isn't enough data to determine if the ozone hole phenomenon has started to heal. (slashgear.com)
The largest single-day ozone hole since the mid-1990s was 11.5 million square miles (29.9 million square kilometers) on Sept. 9, 2000. (slashgear.com)

Recent studies have shown that, since the 1980s, baseline ozone throughout the troposphere has been increasing over California even though ozone precursor emissions in California have been decreasing with progressively stricter regulations from the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the California Air Resources Board (CARB). (confex.com)
Using the best available estimates of global emissions of gases that create ozone, the GISS computer model study reveals how much this single air pollutant and greenhouse gas has contributed to warming in specific regions of the world. (nasa.gov)
Europe's responsibility is emphasised by the fact that Europe contributes approximately one third of the global annual emissions of ozone-depleting substances (see Chapters 4 and 14). (europa.eu)

the atomic oxygen then combines with unbroken O 2 to create ozone, O 3 . (academickids.com)

Our results show that a 10 ppb increase in ozone was significantly associated with asthma during the warm season (May-October), with the strongest effect seen when a 6-day cumulative lag period was used to compute the exposure metric (OR=1.05, 95% CI, 1.02- 1.08). (cdc.gov)
Chronic Ambient Ozone Exposure Aggravates Autism-Like Symptoms in a Susceptible Mouse Model. (acs.org)
The new rules also set a secondary standard, which would monitor ozone exposure over seasonal periods. (motherjones.com)

The minimum concentration of ozone in the Southern Hemisphere from 1979 to 2013. (livescience.com)
Ozone is transported from the industrialized countries in the Northern Hemisphere to the Arctic quite efficiently during these seasons. (nasa.gov)
1950 - This decadal winter and spring seasonal average exposes slightly higher then normal temperatures in the Northern Hemisphere. (nasa.gov)
SHADOZ (Southern Hemisphere Additional Ozonesondes) Ozone Climatology (2005-2009). (knmi.nl)

tighter regulation of manmade volatile organic compounds would more effectively stop ozone formation in these urban areas. (nasa.gov)

The new proposed rule would require that smog, also known as ground-level ozone, be limited to at a level between 60 and 70 parts per billion over an eight-hour period. (motherjones.com)
These maps show how the relative amounts of the key ingredients for ozone (smog) formation in the United States change throughout the summer. (nasa.gov)

Seasonal measurements of peroxy radicals are compared to both a steady-state analysis and a full model in order to elucidate their relationships to measured O3, j-(O1D) and H2O. (uea.ac.uk)
As defined by the EPA, PRB ozone is a model construct, but it is informed by measurements at relatively remote monitoring sites (RRMS). (acs.org)
This review examines the current understanding of PRB ozone, based on both model predictions and measurements at RRMS, and provides recommendations for improving the definition and determination of PRB ozone. (acs.org)

New insights on the radiative impacts of ozone-depleting substances , Geophys. (columbia.edu)

Gray areas indicate where the amounts of one or both ozone precursors are negligible. (nasa.gov)
Understanding the chemical precursors of ground-level ozone may make it easier to prevent the pollutant from building up in the lower atmosphere. (nasa.gov)

Ozone deposition revealed distinct seasonal differences in the magnitude and diel variation. (uni-bayreuth.de)
The large diel ozone variation caused large canopy storage effects that masked the true diel variation of ozone deposition mechanisms in the measured eddy covariance flux, and for which corrections had to be made. (uni-bayreuth.de)
ExoMars TGO/NOMAD‐UVIS vertical profiles of ozone: Part 1 - Seasonal variation and comparison to water. (open.ac.uk)

Researchers affiliated with the UNEP and the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) plan to keep a close eye on ozone levels in the years to come, WMO Secretary-General Michel Jarraud said in a statement. (livescience.com)
The meteorological conditions we are now witnessing resemble and even surpass the harsh conditions of the 1999-2000 winter - when the worst ozone loss to date was observed," says Neil Harris at the European Ozone Research Coordinating Unit at the University of Cambridge, UK. (newscientist.com)

Because of ozone's direct impacts on air quality, health, and global climate, the EPA and CARB have continued to lower the exceedance value for ozone. (confex.com)
This is meant to reduce the impacts of ozone on plants and wildlife. (motherjones.com)
Comparing the impacts of ozone-depleting substances and carbon dioxide on Arctic sea ice loss , Env. (columbia.edu)
Therefore, selecting an energy-efficient unit with a high SEER (Seasonal Energy Efficiency Ratio) rating and utilizing proper maintenance can reduce negative environmental impacts. (selfgrowth.com)

Red line shows surface energy level with 10% decrease in ozone. (academickids.com)

This study is aiming to provide an updated summertime (JJA) ozone climatology by combining all available ozone data in California from 2004 to 2014. (confex.com)
We present a regional and seasonal climatology of SHADOZ ozone profiles in the troposphere and tr. (knmi.nl)

Air purifiers, ozone generators and needle point bipolar ionization were added in 2020. (arapahoelibraries.org)

Data used for this study include ozonesonde launches from the Trinidad Head site and the CalNex 2010 experiment, CARB and EPA ozone ground monitoring stations across the state, as well as satellite observations. (confex.com)

Levels of ozone at various altitudes and blocking of ultraviolet radiation . (academickids.com)
Considering that DNA damage can lead to maladies like skin cancer, it is clear that this absorption of the Sun's ultraviolet radiation by ozone is critical for our well being. (academickids.com)

Ozone is also a heat-trapping greenhouse gas, and so the readings could better define its role in global warming, NOAA and NASA scientists said. (spacenews.com)
The nadir sensor will produce global maps of the atmosphere's total ozone content, but cannot see the detailed, vertical distribution of the gas, NOAA and NASA scientists explained. (spacenews.com)

The chemical breakdown of ozone by the active chlorine form is triggered as sunlight starts to penetrate the polar region in spring. (newscientist.com)
The first signs of Arctic ozone loss have already been seen 20 km above the Earth, says Markus Rex at the Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research, Germany, a coordinator on the project. (newscientist.com)

Ten percent of the ozone is contained in the troposphere , the lowest part of our atmosphere where all of our weather takes place. (academickids.com)

One would hope that in the future we could either get that back on [NPOESS] or find a way to compensate for that," said Paul Newman, a physicist and ozone expert at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Md. "When they took [the limb sensor] off there were a lot of people who were really upset by that. (spacenews.com)

1880 - This image shows a decadal seasonal average between December through May in the years 1880 through 1889. (nasa.gov)
1990 - This decadal winter and spring seasonal average illustrates warmer then normal average temperatures in the northern latitudes. (nasa.gov)

When ozone forms at ground level, it can cause respiratory illness and can damage crops and other plants. (nasa.gov)
In the United States, influenza and most other respiratory infections are seasonal and follow an approximately sinusoidal curve with winter peaks. (cdc.gov)
This study in 4 governorates of Bahrain aimed to establish baseline data on the seasonal prevalence of certain disease groups that are sensitive to climate (respiratory, allergic, dermatological and non-specific gastrointestinal diseases) over a 1-year period and to record local climate and air pollutant data for the same year. (who.int)

In general, stomatal aperture was sufficient to explain the largest part of daytime ozone deposition. (uni-bayreuth.de)
From a detailed analysis of the ozone budgets accounting for the contributions of photochemistry, deposition and entrainment processes, it is clear that on a seasonal basis there are two major controlling factors working in opposition. (uea.ac.uk)

Because of ozone, it is virtually impossible for solar ultraviolet to penetrate to Earth 's surface. (academickids.com)

Since the last comprehensive ozone assessment in 2010, the use of most of these harmful substances has continued to drop, and the ozone may be on the path to recovery, according to the new report. (livescience.com)

Last year, during a cost-cutting overhaul of the NPOESS program, managers cut a key part of the ozone suite: a sensor that would measure the vertical distribution of ozone in the atmosphere by looking off toward the curve, or limb, of the Earth. (spacenews.com)
The abundance of ozone is often measured through its total amount in an atmospheric column going from the ground to the top of the atmosphere. (europa.eu)

Ozone Generators to clean up air quality problems -- good or bad? (joneakes.com)

Pediatric asthma incidence in Texas and associations with ambient ozone levels in an urban area an analysis using Medicaid claims data. (cdc.gov)

The evaluation, conducted by 282 scientists from 36 countries, credits much of this recovery to international action that phased out the production and use of ozone-depleting chemicals . (livescience.com)
To capture this complex picture, the GISS scientists used a suite of three-dimensional computer models that starts with data on ozone sources and then tracks how ozone chemically evolved and moved around the world over the past century. (nasa.gov)
NOAA Administrator Conrad Lautenbacher announced April 11 that the limb sensor will be added back to the NPOESS Preparatory Project's ozone suite partly at the insistence of climate scientists. (spacenews.com)

The seasonal decline of Arctic sea ice extent proceeded at a near-average pace in May. (nsidc.org)
At mid-latitudes over Europe, the decline of the ozone column is about 6 to 7 per cent during the last decade. (europa.eu)
There is great concern that substantial ozone decline could be produced in the northern high latitude regions, where the densely populated regions of Eurasia and North America could be under direct risk. (europa.eu)

This chemical change means "you end up having chlorine from CFCs converted from forms that don't deplete ozone into forms that do", explains Harris. (newscientist.com)

Over 65% of the ozone was eaten away by manmade chemical products in that season, although ozone can naturally replenish itself. (newscientist.com)

For instance, some chemicals that have replaced ozone-depleting substances are still potent greenhouse gases, which contribute to global warming. (livescience.com)

Starting in 1987, almost 200 countries joined together to ratify the Montreal Protocol, which is designed to phase out ozone-depleting substances, NOAA researchers said. (livescience.com)
If the Montreal Protocol had not passed, the use of ozone-depleting substances could have increased tenfold by 2050, UNEP officials said. (livescience.com)
Large contribution of ozone-depleting substances to global and Arctic warming in the late 20th century , Geophys. (columbia.edu)

The new report also highlights the intricate links between the ozone layer's recovery and climate change, Ravishankara said. (livescience.com)

Seasonal influenza is associated with an estimated 3,300-48,000 annual deaths in the United States ( 1 ) and has a major global impact on economies and health ( 2 - 4 ). (cdc.gov)
This study in Bahrain aimed to es- who sought medical services during could be affected by global climate tablish baseline data on the seasonal 2007, and whose family folders were changes include vector-borne diseases prevalence of certain disease groups available at the time of study, were in- [9] and heat-related mortality [10], that are sensitive to climate. (who.int)

Anatomy1

Diseases1

Chemicals and Drugs13

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment1

Phenomena and Processes7

Health Care12

Geographicals1

Stratospheric13

Concentrations15

Depletion12

Tropospheric ozone3

Earth's6

Variability3

Ground ozone1

Antarctic3

Surface ozone1

Influencing atmospheric1

Pollutants inclu1

Profiler Suite2

Layer18

Nitrogen4

Pollution8

Allergens1

Impact of ozone1

Hole8

Emissions3

Create ozone1

Exposure3

Hemisphere4

Volatile organic c1

Smog2

Measurements3

Radiative1

Precursors2

Variation3

Meteorological2

Impacts4

Decrease1

Climatology2

20201

CARB1

Ultraviolet radiation2

NASA2

Polar2

Troposphere1

Physicist1

Decadal2

Respiratory3

Deposition2

Solar1

Assessment1

Atmosphere2

Generators1

Levels1

Scientists3

Decline3

CFCs1

Manmade1

Greenhouse gases1

Substances3

Climate change1

Global2