Satellites in orbit and communications. Medical search. Frequent questions

The rocket, a little short of 20 minutes after it took off, deployed the 2,232 kg satellite into the intended Geosynchronous Transfer Orbit (GTO) at an altitude of about 251 km. (tribuneindia.com)

Unlike geostationary satellites, which remain stationary relative to a specific point on Earth's surface, LEO satellites move quickly across the sky. (yesway.co.uk)
Lower Latency: LEO satellites have lower signal travel time (latency) compared to geostationary satellites because they are much closer to the Earth. (yesway.co.uk)
Reduced Launch Costs: LEO satellites can be launched using smaller rockets, reducing launch costs compared to the larger rockets required for geostationary satellites. (yesway.co.uk)
L. Jiancheng, "Separation of Geostationary Satellites with Eccentricity and Inclination Vector," Proceedings: International Conferece on Measuring Technology and Mechatronics Automation, Changsha, 11-12 April 2009, pp. 855-858. (scirp.org)
Nevertheless, a satellite in retrograde orbit could pose a major hazard to other satellites, especially if it were placed in the Clarke belt, where geostationary satellites orbit. (wikipedia.org)
Merged rainfall Data (3B42) from TRMM, other NASA satellites, U.S. Department of Defense satellites, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration polar-orbiting satellites, and geostationary satellites, were used in the analysis. (cdc.gov)

Since 2012, the number of small satellites-roughly speaking, those under 50 kilograms-being launched into low Earth orbit (LEO) has increased 30 percent every year. (ieee.org)
One huge problem with this proliferation of small satellites is communicating with the ground. (ieee.org)
Virgin Orbit plans to launch small satellites from a rocket released by a customized Boeing 747. (foxbusiness.com)
These constellations consist of hundreds or even thousands of small satellites working together to deliver internet connectivity to ground-based user terminals. (yesway.co.uk)
M. Reyhanoglu and S. Drakunov, "Attitude Stabilization of Small Satellites Using Only Magnetic Actuation," 34th Conference on Industrial Electronics, Orlando, 10-13 November 2008, pp. 103-107. (scirp.org)
As the space industry begins to more concertedly focus on disaggregated small satellites, the potential for on-orbit servicing seems like a cost-effective way to support sustaining the capabilities those constellations would provide. (thespacereview.com)
SpaceX , the private rocket company of high-tech entrepreneur Elon Musk , launched the first batch of 60 small satellites into low-Earth orbit on May 23 for Musk's new Starlink internet service. (hurriyetdailynews.com)

China launches a Kuaizhou 1A carrier rocket at the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center in the country's northwestern desert, placing an experimental communications satellite in orbit, June 9, 2023. (chinadaily.com.cn)
c) 2010-2023 Yesway Communications. (yesway.co.uk)

Amazon's Project Kuiper aspires to establish a constellation of over 3,200 satellites in the next six years, with the goal of delivering high-speed internet to underserved global communities. (circleid.com)
The second generation navigation satellite series dubbed as a significant launch would ensure the continuity of NavIC (Navigation with Indian Constellation) services -- an Indian regional satellite navigation system, similar to the GPS, providing accurate and real-time navigation. (tribuneindia.com)
Our goal is to create a commercial replacement for TDRSS by building a constellation of many tiny satellites in LEO. (ieee.org)
Currently, 28 operational satellites make up GPS constellation. (mediaroom.com)
SpaceX plans to kick things off with an initial constellation of 1600 satellites followed by a further 2825, all of which will be put into four orbital shells to improve coverage. (newscientist.com)
The satellite constellation, also known as Compass, is designed to provide precise navigation, timing and messaging services. (amerisurv.com)
The AFRL study showed that if a constellation had at least two serviceable failures, a servicing satellite would be beneficial to reduce overall costs. (thespacereview.com)
The benefit really came into play when the model serviced a constellation of satellites. (thespacereview.com)
Satelles , a satellite communication startup that provides unique timing and location solutions delivered over the Iridium constellation of 66 low-earth-orbiting satellites, has raised $26 million Series C financing round to expand its sales and marketing efforts, broaden its partner network, and accelerate product development. (techstartups.com)
Founded in 2008, the Reston, VA-based Satelles provides unique timing and location solutions delivered over the Iridium constellation of 66 low-earth-orbiting satellites. (techstartups.com)
The Satellite Time and Location broadcast service from Satelles is encrypted to thwart malefactors aspiring to spoof or otherwise disrupt the STL signal, which is delivered via the low-Earth-orbit (LEO) satellite constellation operated by Iridium, an investor in this financing round. (techstartups.com)
Iridium 70 was part of a constellation of communications satellites first launched in the late 1990s. (livescience.com)
The requirement is to provide five Starlink high performance ground kits and Starlink global access service hosted to Starlink's low Earth orbit satellite constellation," said the notice, which redacted the locations and specific units and platforms that are to test Starlink. (defensedaily.com)
Starlink is the only LEO constellation communications company that currently provides this commercial satellite solution with services to Europe and Africa," per the Aug. 5 business notice. (defensedaily.com)
UHF F/O F-11 will be the last addition to the UHF F/O constellation and will continue to provide UHF and enhanced EHF communications to the warfighter into the latter part of the next decade. (globalsecurity.org)

For example, SpaceX plans to launch the Crew-5 astronaut mission for NASA and another batch of the company's Starlink internet satellites on two separate missions on Wednesday (Oct. 5), as well as two telecom satellites for the company Intelsat on Thursday (Oct. 6). (space.com)
SpaceX may soon handle some of the US government's highest-priority satellite missions. (engadget.com)
Bloomberg reports the Space Force has certified SpaceX to launch top secret spy satellites using Falcon Heavy rockets equipped with reusable boosters. (engadget.com)
The move gives SpaceX more high-profile government missions, of course, but also promises to save federal money by reducing the costs of ferrying these satellites to orbit. (engadget.com)
SpaceX can carry spy satellites aboard Falcon 9 rockets, but they don't always have the power needed for heavier payloads. (engadget.com)
The first Falcon Heavy-based launch is expected sometime between October and December, when SpaceX will deliver a National Reconnaissance Office satellite. (engadget.com)
SPACEX is aiming for satellite domination. (newscientist.com)
SpaceX says the satellites will provide internet speeds of 1 gigabit per second per user, which is around 200 times faster than average current speeds. (newscientist.com)
Once SpaceX has around 800 satellites in orbit, its internet service will cover the majority of the world, getting millions of people online. (newscientist.com)
SpaceX has launched another big batch of Starlink satellites, the low Earth orbit spacecraft that will provide connectivity for its globe-spanning high-bandwidth broadband internet network. (godlikeproductions.com)
Air Force Special Operations Command (AFSOC) plans to conduct tests using SpaceX Starlink low Earth orbit (LEO) communications satellites to aid operations. (defensedaily.com)
SpaceX said it would probably take another day to learn whether all the satellites deployed were functioning properly. (hurriyetdailynews.com)

An Atlas V rocket lifted off Tuesday evening (Oct. 4) from Florida's Space Coast, carrying two commercial communications satellites to orbit. (space.com)
It jettisoned its three solid rocket boosters about 2 minutes after liftoff as planned, for example, and discarded its payload fairing, which protected the two satellites during launch, about 1.5 minutes later. (space.com)
Proven hardware coupled with next-generation technology created an affordable and lightweight spacecraft, enabling two satellites to launch on a single rocket," they added. (space.com)
A United Launch Alliance Atlas V rocket launches the SES-20 and SES-21 communications satellites from Cape Canaveral Space Force Station in Florida on Oct. 4, 2022. (space.com)
Three other missions are on tap for Thursday (Oct. 6) as well, including a Rocket Lab launch that will send to orbit a satellite built by the energy and technology firm General Atomics. (space.com)
China launched a Kuaizhou 1A carrier rocket on Friday morning at the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center in the country's northwestern desert, placing an experimental communications satellite in orbit, according to China Aerospace Science and Industry Corp. (chinadaily.com.cn)
The State-owned company said in a news release that the solid-propellant rocket blasted off at 10:35 am from its launch vehicle and placed the Longjiang 3 satellite into its preset orbit. (chinadaily.com.cn)
A Japanese H-2A rocket took off Tuesday with a communications satellite to relay messages and commands among the country's defense forces, part of a $1.1 billion program to reduce Japan's reliance on commercial and international providers to connect its military units. (spaceflightnow.com)
Four solid rocket boosters mounted around the base of the H-2A rocket burned all their propellant and peeled away from the launcher less than two minutes into the mission, followed by the release of the rocket's fairing to expose the DSN 2 communications satellite to the extreme conditions of space. (spaceflightnow.com)
The DSN 1 satellite, a part-military, part-commercial telecom craft, was supposed to launch in mid-2016 on an Ariane 5 rocket. (spaceflightnow.com)
The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) on Monday successfully launched a second generation navigation satellite, using a GSLV rocket with a cryogenic upper stage to do the job. (tribuneindia.com)
A Boeing [NYSE: BA] Delta II rocket fired up the night sky to launch a Global Positioning System (GPS) navigational satellite into space. (mediaroom.com)
A Russian Proton rocket is hoisted into launch position for the Aug. 17 launch of the new Express AM4 communications satellite from Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. (space.com)
The rocket carried six new satellites into orbit for the Globalstar network. (space.com)
An International Launch Services (ILS) Proton rocket launches the Thor 5 satellite into orbit on Feb. 11, 2008. (space.com)
A Russian Proton M rocket stands poised to launch three Glonass navigation satellites on Dec. 22, 2008. (space.com)
An International Launch Services Proton rocket launches the AsiaSat 5 satellite from Baikonur Cosmodrome, Kazakhstan on Aug. 11, 2009. (space.com)
An International Launch Services Proton M rocket launches the DIRECTV10 communications satellite into orbit on July 6, 2007 EDT from Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. (space.com)
The Sirius 4 telecommunications satellite launches spaceward atop a Russian Proton M rocket at 5:39 p.m. (space.com)
An Israeli-owned telecommunications bird and a Russian data relay satellite that will route communications with the International Space Station and other low-Earth-orbiting spacecraft shared a Proton rocket ride Sunday. (spaceflightnow.com)
The Amos 5 and Luch 5A satellites roared off the snowy launch pad aboard a Proton rocket equipped with a Breeze M upper stage at 1117 GMT (6:17 a.m. (spaceflightnow.com)
It was the 372nd Proton rocket launch since 1965, the 9th this year and the third in the past three years to carry two communications satellites stacked atop each other in a dual-deployment. (spaceflightnow.com)
Manufactured by Reshetnev Information Satellite Systems Co., Luch 5A has high-gain, steerable and omnidirectional antennas to communicate in Ku- and S-band frequencies for routing telemetry signals, relaying commands to spacecraft and tracking rocket boosters in flight. (spaceflightnow.com)
A Soyuz-2.1a rocket carrying the Meridian 4 satellite lifted off from the Plesetsk space center in northern Russia at 09.41 pm Moscow time (17:41 GMT) on Wednesday. (sputnikglobe.com)
A Soyuz-2.1a carrier rocket with a Fregat booster has successfully orbited a Meridian satellite," Lt. Col. Alexei Zolotukhin said. (sputnikglobe.com)
A Long March 4B rocket lifts off with the CBERS 4 Earth observation satellite. (spaceflightnow.com)
An Earth-watching satellite developed by China and Brazil lifted off on a Long March 4B rocket Saturday, replacing an environmental craft lost in a launch mishap last year. (spaceflightnow.com)
A Long March 4B rocket boosted the 2.3-ton satellite into orbit about 460 miles, or 740 kilometers, above Earth. (spaceflightnow.com)
Chinese rocket engineers blamed the loss of the CBERS 3 satellite on debris that blocked the flow of fuel to one of the Long March 4B rocket's two third stage engines. (spaceflightnow.com)
A Chinese Long March 3B rocket deployed the Tiantong 1-03 satellite to provide mobile communications services after a successful launch Tuesday, the first of more than 40 Chinese space missions set for liftoff in 2021. (spaceflightnow.com)
A secret Chinese military payload, believed to be a surveillance satellite, successfully flew into space Sunday aboard a Long March 4C rocket on China's 39th and final scheduled orbital launch attempt of the year. (spaceflightnow.com)
Launching in a torrential rain and lightning storm, a Long March rocket lifted off Tuesday from southwest China and successfully released a navigation satellite in orbit, state-run media reported. (amerisurv.com)
The 17-story rocket was aiming for an elliptical orbit stretching from about 100 miles altitude to about 22,000 miles above Earth, where the launcher's third stage was supposed to deploy a Beidou navigation and positioning spacecraft. (amerisurv.com)
The spacecraft was lofted into orbit by an Atlas III rocket. (globalsecurity.org)
A Falcon 9 rocket carrying the satellites blasted off from Cape Canaveral Air Force Station at about 10:30 p.m. local time (0230 GMT on May 24), clearing a key hurdle for a business venture that Musk hopes will generate much-needed cash for his larger ambitions in space. (hurriyetdailynews.com)
The 60 satellites flown into space were released into orbit as planned about an hour after May 23's launch, and the Falcon 9's main-stage reusable booster rocket flew back to Earth for a successful landing on a barge floating in the Atlantic. (hurriyetdailynews.com)

Payloads will weigh up to 450 kilograms (1,000 pounds) and orbit the equator at an altitude of about 500 kilometers (310 miles). (foxbusiness.com)
Satellites are characterized primarily by the altitude at which they orbit Earth, the shape of the orbit and its angle to the equator. (techtarget.com)
High Earth orbit (HEO) satellites go around the Earth at or above an altitude of 22,236 miles (35,786 kilometers). (techtarget.com)
The altitude of LEO satellites is less than one-tenth of the HEO altitude and of even some MEO systems. (techtarget.com)
LEO satellites are positioned at an altitude between 160 km and 1,600 km (100 and 1,000 miles) above Earth. (britannica.com)
The satellite will circularize its orbit at an altitude of about 22,000 miles and an inclination of 55 degrees, putting the craft in range of users in polar regions. (amerisurv.com)

Additionally, the power dynamics in satellite communications raised eyebrows recently when Elon Musk admitted to temporarily blocking his Starlink network during a Ukrainian operation, highlighting the potential perils of relying on private satellite networks in global communications. (circleid.com)
Several companies, including SpaceX's Starlink, Amazon's Project Kuiper, and Telesat, are actively deploying or planning LEO satellite constellations to provide high-speed internet access to remote and rural areas around the world. (yesway.co.uk)
The companies offering or planning to offer LEO satellite communications for internet access include Amazon, Hughes, OneWeb, Starlink, Telesat and Viasat. (techtarget.com)
This brings the total number of Starlink satellites on orbit to 422, though the company plans to de-orbit two of those (the first two prototypes launched) shortly. (godlikeproductions.com)
However, SpaceX's Starlink currently has the most well-established LEO satellite network with more than 1,350 satellites, whereas the LEO networks of its competitors are still in their infancy. (defensedaily.com)

But there's quite a bit of work left to do, for the rocket's Centaur upper stage still needs to power itself to the deployment destinations for SES-20 and SES-21 - near-circular, near-geosynchronous orbits high above Earth. (space.com)
The two spacecraft will then use their onboard propulsion systems to circularize their orbits, which will send them zooming around Earth about 22,300 miles (35,900 kilometers) above the equator, according to a ULA mission description . (space.com)
It is capable of sending 200 kilogram of payload into a sun-synchronous orbit, or 300 kg of payload into a low-Earth orbit, according to designers. (chinadaily.com.cn)
The first stage's hydrogen-fueled LE-7A engine switched off around six-and-a-half minutes after launch, giving way to upper stage's LE-5B engine - also burning liquid hydrogen - for two burns to guide the DSN 2 spacecraft into a elliptical, looping geostationary transfer orbit with a high point more than 22,000 miles (35,000 kilometers) above Earth. (spaceflightnow.com)
AccelerComm, the Layer 1 5G IP specialists, today unveiled LEOphy, a layer 1 modem that delivers enhanced performance for low-earth orbit satellite communications. (totaltele.com)
In this article, we aim to shed light on the fundamental concepts related to satellite orbits and delve into details about geostationary (GEO), medium Earth Orbit (MEO), low Earth Orbit (LEO), and polar orbits. (mabuhaysat.com)
Medium Earth Orbits are located at altitudes ranging from 2,000 to 36,000 kilometers above the Earth's surface. (mabuhaysat.com)
Low Earth Orbits are closer to the Earth's surface with altitudes typically ranging from 160 to 2,000 kilometers. (mabuhaysat.com)
Due to their proximity to the Earth's surface, LEO satellites can achieve high-resolution imaging for applications like earth observation and remote sensing. (mabuhaysat.com)
Polar orbits traverse around the poles of the Earth at low altitudes similar to LEOs but follow a polar path rather than an equatorial one. (mabuhaysat.com)
Imagine a satellite orbiting the Earth, transmitting signals that allow us to communicate with people across vast distances. (mabuhaysat.com)
Project Kuiper, Amazon's low Earth orbit (LEO) satellite broadband initiative, in preparation to put its first two satellites into space during its "Protoflight" mission. (circleid.com)
Satellites in low Earth orbit circle the planet about once every 90 minutes, and so they usually have only about a 10-minute window during which to communicate with any given ground station. (ieee.org)
If the satellite can't communicate with that ground station-because it's on the other side of the planet, for example-any valuable data the satellite needs to send won't arrive on Earth in a timely way. (ieee.org)
Getting data back to Earth from a satellite is oftentimes one of the bottlenecks that limits an observation system's capabilities. (ieee.org)
The satellites will form the backbone of a space-based mesh network, sending data back and forth between Earth and space in real time. (ieee.org)
One such system, low-earth-orbit satellites, can provide store-and-forward, as opposed to real time, communication for many earth stations. (vt.edu)
Doppler shift and its effect on satellites in low-earth-orbit is examined. (vt.edu)
Twenty-five minutes later, the satellite was placed into an elliptical orbit almost 11,000 miles above the Earth. (mediaroom.com)
Low-Earth orbit (LEO) satellites are satellites that orbit the Earth at altitudes ranging from approximately 111 to 1,242 miles (180 to 2,000 km) above the Earth's surface. (yesway.co.uk)
These satellites are situated much closer to Earth compared to higher orbits like geostationary orbit (GEO), which is more than 22,000 miles (35,000 km) above the Earth. (yesway.co.uk)
LEO satellites have gained significant attention in recent years due to their potential for providing various services, including satellite internet, Earth observation, communication, scientific research, and more. (yesway.co.uk)
LEO satellites work by continuously orbiting the Earth at high speeds. (yesway.co.uk)
To provide continuous coverage over a larger area, LEO satellites are often deployed in constellations, which are groups of satellites working together to ensure that at least one satellite is visible from any point on Earth at any given time. (yesway.co.uk)
Low Earth orbit (LEO) satellites promise to change that. (techtarget.com)
Medium Earth orbit (MEO) satellites revolve anywhere below HEO but above 1,243 miles (2,000 km). (techtarget.com)
orbits: low Earth orbit (LEO), medium Earth orbit (MEO), and geostationary or geosynchronous orbit (GEO). (britannica.com)
Most commercial Earth-observing satellites use retrograde Sun-synchronous orbits to ensure that observations are performed at the same local time each pass of any given location, while almost all communication satellites use prograde orbits. (wikipedia.org)
These reconnaissance satellites complete one Earth orbit every 90 minutes and initially make about six daylight passes per day over Israel and the surrounding countries, though this optimal Sun-synchronized orbit degrades after several months. (wikipedia.org)
Earth-observing satellites may also be launched into a Sun-synchronous orbit, which is slightly retrograde. (wikipedia.org)
http://www.ioccg.org/training/turkey/DrLynch_lectures2.pdf "Most Earth observing satellites are launched so as to have retrograde orbits. (wikipedia.org)
The satellites will orbit at between 1150 and 1275 kilometres above Earth. (newscientist.com)
Similar in concept to NASA's Tracking and Data Relay Satellite System, the Luch 5A will operate 22,300 miles above Earth to provide connections to lower-orbiting spacecraft beneath it, like the Russian segment of the International Space Station and the country's other satellites when they are flying outside of ground-based tracking stations. (spaceflightnow.com)
We are living in earth orbit, and we are living in lunar orbit. (google.com)
How can we keep all these missions in communications with earth? (google.com)
During the early Apollo days, during our first missions to the moon, one of the initial communications problems that had to be solved was how do you keep the moon-bound Apollo space craft in communications with earth, when the earth keeps rotating. (google.com)
As the earth rotated, different stations around the globe were in line of sight communications with the Apollo spacecraft at different times during the day. (google.com)
This put a drain on this earth bound satellite network. (google.com)
Plus, the earth bound network required the United States to have facilities at foreign bases around the world, meaning there was a political aspect to maintaining the communications network. (google.com)
This started out as a series of low earth orbit satellites that could communicate with spacecraft on the way to the moon. (google.com)
The CBERS 4 spacecraft - the fifth in a series of joint China-Brazil Earth Resources Satellites - lifted off at 0326 GMT Sunday (10:26 p.m. (spaceflightnow.com)
A sharp-eyed Chinese Earth-imaging satellite rode a Long March 4B booster into orbit Tuesday, tying the record for the highest number of space launches China has achieved in a single year. (spaceflightnow.com)
ESA has awarded TNO an ARTES ScyLight contract to perform an in orbit demonstration (IOD), called SmallCAT (Small Communication Active Terminal), of a direct to earth laser communication terminal. (tno.nl)
Contact me to connect with TNO experts and industry partners in Space & Scientific Instrumentation in the fields of Earth Observation and Laser Satellite Communication. (tno.nl)
The Russian Yamal 402 communications satellite has recovered itself to its planned operational position in geostationary Earth orbit, after using its own fuel and propulsion system in a series of burns following its Proton M launch undershoot on 8 December. (flightglobal.com)
Satellites in low Earth orbit (LEO), which require frequent maneuvers to counteract Earth's atmospheric drag, could be extended indefinitely. (thespacereview.com)
Satelles provides secure time and location signals from low Earth orbit (LEO) independent of the Global Positioning System (GPS) and other Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS). (techstartups.com)
A cellular communication system projects a number of cells onto the earth. (justia.com)
On the other hand, when system radio equipment is located on satellites orbiting the earth in moving orbits, these conditions are not present, and the conventional handoff techniques may be inadequate. (justia.com)
The smaller this distance, the greater the speed of the satellite relative to a particular position on the earth. (justia.com)
Various companies are competing to establish LEO, medium Earth orbit (MEO), and geostationary Earth orbit (GEO) satellite internet networks. (defensedaily.com)
Over the next month, NAVSOC will direct the satellite to its final position in a geosynchronous orbit around the Earth, and conduct in-orbit-testing before declaring the satellite operational. (globalsecurity.org)
In each network, the tiny satellites orbit closer to Earth than traditional communications satellites, a technological shift made possible by advances in laser technology and computer chips. (hurriyetdailynews.com)
There are even solutions that allow us to stay connected far out in the wilderness by using satellites which orbit the Earth. (lu.se)

Constellations of 5G satellites are being deployed to play a vital role in completing the technology and connectivity ecosystem needed for automation and IoT adoption, and are being used to address critical connectivity challenges, such as data speed and coverage limitations for several important applications such as remote sensing, video surveillance, UAVs and drones, geo-positioning, backhaul solutions, and general data connectivity. (totaltele.com)
Additionally, MEO orbits can be optimized to reduce signal interference and improve system performance by employing satellite constellations. (mabuhaysat.com)
However, since LEO satellites cover smaller areas during each orbit pass, a larger number of satellites or constellations are required for global coverage. (mabuhaysat.com)
Global Coverage: LEO satellite constellations, with their multiple satellites in orbit, can provide more comprehensive and global coverage, including remote and underserved areas. (yesway.co.uk)
However, there are challenges associated with LEO satellite constellations, such as managing orbital debris, coordinating satellite traffic to prevent collisions, and addressing potential interference with other satellite systems. (yesway.co.uk)
Many companies are building out LEO satellite constellations with a goal of providing broadband internet access for enterprises . (techtarget.com)
The U.S. military relies on constellations of satellites to provide it with everything from precision navigation and timing to intelligence data, but officials face a conundrum when those critical spacecraft require servicing or repair. (nationaldefensemagazine.org)

It was the ninth operational Beidou satellite launched since 2007 and the second Chinese navigation payload shot into orbit this year. (amerisurv.com)
In August 2011, a Proton M Breeze M upper stage put its Express AM4 satellite payload into a useless orbit after an orientation fault. (flightglobal.com)

An on-board engine will position the DSN 2 spacecraft in a circular geostationary orbit nearly 22,300 miles (35,800 kilometers) over the equator in the coming weeks, kicking off final in-orbit testing before it begins a 15-year service life for the Japan Self-Defense Forces and other defense agencies. (spaceflightnow.com)
A geostationary orbit is situated approximately 35,786 kilometers above the Earth's equator. (mabuhaysat.com)
For example, orbiting satellites are located a relatively large distance from subscriber units, often on the order of several hundred kilometers. (justia.com)

Satellites in this orbit have an orbital period equal to the Earth's rotation period, making them appear stationary from the ground. (mabuhaysat.com)
Navigation systems like GPS utilize MEO satellites to accurately determine positions on the Earth's surface. (mabuhaysat.com)
Polar orbits offer advantages in terms of revisit time, allowing for more frequent observations of specific areas on the Earth's surface. (mabuhaysat.com)
In essence, we're building an Internet service provider high above Earth's surface, to allow other satellites to stay in contact with one another and with ground stations, even if two satellites, or a satellite and a ground station, are on opposite sides of the planet. (ieee.org)
This rapid movement allows them to cover different areas of the Earth's surface during their orbits. (yesway.co.uk)
This is partly due to the extra velocity (and propellant) required to launch into orbit against the direction of the Earth's rotation. (wikipedia.org)
Satellite Shavit Anti-satellite weapon USA 205 - an example of a retrograde satellite http://www.wseas.us/e-library/conferences/2009/istanbul/TELE-INFO/TELE-INFO-08.pdf "Most satellites are launched in a prograde orbit because the Earth's rotational velocity provides part of the orbital velocity with a consequent saving " Ippolito, L.J. (2008). (wikipedia.org)

O. Hoernig and D. Sood, "Military Applications of Commercial Communications Satellites", Military Communications Conference Proceedings, Atlantic City, 31 October-3 November 1999, pp. 107-111. (scirp.org)

Israel has successfully launched seven Ofeq satellites in retrograde orbit aboard a Shavit launcher. (wikipedia.org)
The lower passenger aboard the Proton's satellite stack was Amos 5, the latest spacecraft in the growing communications fleet for Israeli operator Space-Communication Ltd. of Tel Aviv. (spaceflightnow.com)

The launch and the separation of the satellite proceeded according to schedule," JAXA said. (spaceflightnow.com)
While SKY Perfect JSAT manages the purchase, launch and operation of the DSN satellites, NEC was selected as the prime contractor for the production of the satellites and NTT is in charge of maintaining ground facilities to support the Self-Defense Forces' new X-band network. (spaceflightnow.com)
The initial agreement, which covered the development, launch and operation of two DSN satellites for 15 years, was valued at 122 billion yen, or approximately $1.1 billion. (spaceflightnow.com)
But the satellite, also named Superbird 8, was damaged during air shipment from Japan to the Ariane 5 launch base in French Guiana, and engineers returned the craft to Japan for repairs, delaying its liftoff by at least a year. (spaceflightnow.com)
Consider a hypothetical scenario where a telecommunications company plans to launch a new satellite into space to provide internet access across remote areas worldwide. (mabuhaysat.com)
At the end of a 27.5-hour countdown, the 51.7-metre-tall, 3-stage Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle lifted off at a prefixed time of 10.42 am from the second launch pad at this spaceport, situated about 130 km from Chennai. (tribuneindia.com)
In 1987, the company won a contract to launch GPS satellites. (mediaroom.com)
On Application of Q-Guidance Method for Satellite Launch Systems," 3rd International Symposium on Systems and Control in Aeronautics and Astronautics, Harbin, 8-10 June 2010, pp. 1314-1319. (scirp.org)
They were launched in retrograde orbit so that launch debris would land in the Mediterranean Sea, and not on populated neighboring countries on an eastward flight path. (wikipedia.org)
Elon Musk's space firm wants to launch more satellites than are currently in orbit, with the aim of delivering superfast broadband to the entire world. (newscientist.com)
About 9 hours after launch, the Luch 5A data relay satellite was released from its anchor atop the Amos 5 at 2011 GMT (3:11 p.m. (spaceflightnow.com)
The next and final Proton launch of the year will be a commercial ILS mission with the SES 4 satellite that is headed for an orbital parking spot above the Atlantic to provide telecommunications services to the Americas, Africa, Europe and the Middle East. (spaceflightnow.com)
The launch of CBERS 4 came almost exactly one year after an identical satellite was destroyed in a Long March 4B launch failure on Dec. 9, 2013. (spaceflightnow.com)
The first CBERS satellite launched in 1999, followed by the launch of CBERS 2 and CBERS 2B in 2003 and 2007. (spaceflightnow.com)
None of the previous CBERS satellites are still operational, prompting urgency to launch a new spacecraft as soon as possible. (spaceflightnow.com)
China and Brazil are working on a sixth CBERS satellite for launch in 2017. (spaceflightnow.com)
According to the roadmap, Turkey this year will launch Gokturk 2, an electro-optical reconnaissance satellite, and in 2013 Gokturk 1, as well as Turksat 4A, a communications satellite. (spacenews.com)
Turksat 4B will launch in 2014 and Turksat 4R in 2015, along with Gokturk 3, a synthetic aperture radar (SAR) reconnaissance and observation satellite. (spacenews.com)
Finally, in 2020 Turkey will launch its SAR Gokturk 5 into orbit. (spacenews.com)
The CubeCAT module is mounted into a highly damped and hysteresis free suspension system developed by TNO that will allow to withstand the NORSAT-TD satellite launch loads. (tno.nl)
Tuesday's blastoff was the fifth Chinese space launch this year after missions that delivered other navigation, communications and military research payloads to orbit. (amerisurv.com)
The Chinese launch manifest also calls for flights of more navigation, communications and research payloads. (amerisurv.com)
After what appeared to be a successful Proton M launch from the Baikonur launch site, near Tyuratam in Kazakhstan, the Proton M's Breeze M (Briz M) upper stage had a malfunction during its planned fourth and final burn which caused it to end approximately four minutes early, stranding Yamal 402 in an incorrect transfer orbit. (flightglobal.com)
This seems logical as the cost to launch a servicing satellite would be approximately the same as the satellite it is launched to service. (thespacereview.com)
Logically, if you need to build and launch multiple satellites to replenish the failed ones, the math works out. (thespacereview.com)
The event marked the first time the Navy had the lead responsibility for launch, early orbit and on-orbit operations of a spacecraft in the UHF F/O satellite communications system. (globalsecurity.org)
The launch came a week after two back-to-back countdowns for the mission were scrubbed - once due to high winds over the Cape and the next night in order to update satellite software and "triple-check" all systems. (hurriyetdailynews.com)

The launcher's third stage deployed the CBERS 4 spacecraft in orbit about 12 minutes after liftoff, according to Brazil's National Institute for Space Research, known by the acronym INPE. (spaceflightnow.com)

It is tasked with demonstrating advanced technologies in space-based high-speed communications and plate-shaped satellite platform, according to the release. (chinadaily.com.cn)
Each of our satellites, roughly the size of a loaf of bread, will operate much like an Internet router-except in space. (ieee.org)
Our customers will include companies operating satellites or using satellite communications to transfer data, as well as government agencies like the Canadian Department of National Defense , the European Space Agency , and NASA. (ieee.org)
Space Routers: This artist's illustration shows one of Kepler's CubeSats as it would look after being deployed in orbit. (ieee.org)
Nevertheless, the increasing interest and investment in LEO satellites are driving innovation in space technology and satellite communications, with the potential to revolutionize the way we access the internet and communicate globally. (yesway.co.uk)
Z. Ismail and R. Varatharajoo, "A Study of Reaction Wheel Configuration for a 3-Axis Satellite Attitude Control," Advances in Space Research, Vol. 45, No. 6, 2009, pp. 750-759. (scirp.org)
Arthur C. Clarke wrote an article called "War and Peace in the Space Age", in which he suggested that an artificial satellite in retrograde orbit could use "a bucket of nails" to destroy an Strategic Defense Initiative (anti-warhead) satellite. (wikipedia.org)
This risk highlights the fragility of communication satellites and the importance of international cooperation in preventing space collisions due to negligence or malice. (wikipedia.org)
EST) to restore some space-to-ground communications capability for the Russian space agency. (spaceflightnow.com)
A Russian Meridian series military communications satellite has been put into a designated orbit, a spokesman for the Russian Space Forces said on Thursday. (sputnikglobe.com)
This network was the first such extra-earthly communications network, and it was developed during the early days of the space race. (google.com)
In order for Houston to maintain a 24 hour a day communications with the moon-bound space craft, a series of satellite communications stations were built around the globe. (google.com)
Eventually, as satellite technology improved, larger and more complex geosynchronous orbit satellites were put into space. (google.com)
ANKARA, Turkey - The Turkish government has devised an ambitious roadmap for the country's multiple satellite programs until 2020, having recently set up an office that will become a national space agency. (spacenews.com)
A space industry expert based here said that satellite contracts to be signed in the next five years would amount to $2 billion. (spacenews.com)
TNO and the Institute of Communication and Computer Systems (ICCS) and a consortium of other European partners, join forces in the LaiQa-project (Leap in Advancing of critical Quantum key distribution-space components). (tno.nl)
Consortium members already have robotic on-orbit satellite servicing vehicles in space. (nationaldefensemagazine.org)
The 4,463kg (9,840lb) satellite was built by Thales Alenia Space, using its Spacebus 4000 C3 design for the Russian satellite operator Gazprom Space Systems, and was expected to operate for a minimum of 15 years. (flightglobal.com)
The US space agency is asking aerospace suppliers to design a new orbital craft that could be used to perform a controlled de-orbit of the multinational space station, which is scheduled to be decommissioned in 2030. (flightglobal.com)
The first was Autonomous Space Transport Robotic Operations (ASTRO), which released and grabbed a prototype serviceable satellite called NextSat, built by Ball Aerospace, in a series of experiments replacing both fuel and satellite components. (thespacereview.com)
While space is certainly littered with debris that we can, at the present time, do nothing to obviate, the thought of extending the life of satellites is an exciting one. (thespacereview.com)
The Air Force Research Laboratory's (AFRL) Defense Experimentation Using Commercial Space Internet (DEUCSI) program-also known as "Global Lightning"-has sought to use commercial space internet networks for Air Force communications. (defensedaily.com)
The 3rd Space Operations Squadron at Schriever Air Force Base, Colo., conducted previous UHF F/O launches and handed over the satellites to the Navy once operational. (globalsecurity.org)
NAVSOC, based in Point Mugu, Calif., is a component of the Naval Network and Space Operations Command in Dahlgren, Va., which functions is the system operational manager for UHF satellite communications for the Navy. (globalsecurity.org)
NASA's Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) satellite has been measuring rainfall from space ever since it was launched in November 1997. (cdc.gov)

The US Federal Communications Commission mandates that by mid-2026, at least half of these satellites should be operational. (circleid.com)
and for its operational lifetime, it supported satellite phone calls on the global Iridium network . (livescience.com)

MEASAT-3 is Boeing's 70th 601 model satellite built at its satellite manufacturing facility in El Segundo, Calif. Boeing also manufactures the larger 702 model, the world's most powerful communications satellite, two lines of satellites designed to support mobile communications, and a series of global positioning satellites and military communications satellites. (mediaroom.com)
The Meridian 4 satellite is the fourth in a series of military communications satellites being launched by Russia to replace the ageing Molniya system. (sputnikglobe.com)

When fully deployed by 2022, Kepler's network will include 140 satellites spread equally among seven orbital planes. (ieee.org)
The country has available orbital slots at 16 degrees West longitude over the Atlantic, 95 degrees East over the Indian Ocean and 167 degrees East over the Pacific to operate the satellite. (spaceflightnow.com)
In 2007, DARPA funded a Boeing mission called Orbital Express, which successfully demonstrated "a safe and cost-effective approach to autonomously service satellites in orbit. (thespacereview.com)
MEV-1 docked with IS-901 outside of the its geostationary (GEO) orbital slot, while MEV-2 was the first satellite to dock and service a satellite in its GEO orbital location. (thespacereview.com)
PURPOSE: To report the surgical outcomes of 4-handed endoscopic and transcaruncular approaches for orbital apex tumours located in the medial orbit. (bvsalud.org)
age range, 38-60 years) who underwent excision of an orbital apex tumour in the medial orbit via 4-handed endonasal and transcaruncular approaches. (bvsalud.org)
CONCLUSIONS: This report indicates that 4-handed endoscopic and transcaruncular approaches are useful for removal of an orbital apex tumour located in the medial orbit. (bvsalud.org)

None of this would be possible without the ongoing developments in building tiny satellites. (ieee.org)

Artificial satellites in low inclination orbits are rarely placed in retrograde orbit. (wikipedia.org)

AccelerComm's portfolio of advanced channel coding solutions contain unique cutting-edge technology to maximize spectral efficiency and reduce latency for truly high-performance Open RAN 5G communications systems. (totaltele.com)
This enables the next generation of services requiring ultra-reliable, low latency communications, such as VR/AR, industrial IoT, autonomous vehicles and drone control. (totaltele.com)
However, they suffer from higher latency due to the distance between the satellite and users on the ground. (mabuhaysat.com)
Satellites in MEO offer lower latency compared to GEO satellites while still providing relatively broad coverage areas. (mabuhaysat.com)
LEO satellites provide several advantages such as reduced signal propagation delay resulting in lower latency and improved data transmission rates. (mabuhaysat.com)
Each orbit type offers its own set of advantages and limitations, such as coverage area, latency, data transmission rates, and system complexity. (mabuhaysat.com)
Compared to traditional satellite setups, LEO satellite internet provides several benefits, such as low latency, reduced costs and better support for remote sites. (techtarget.com)
However, the push into LEO satellite networks has curbed bandwidth costs, packet loss and latency. (techtarget.com)

The Beidou satellite network will eventually consist of 35 spacecraft in orbit providing global navigation and positioning coverage by 2020. (amerisurv.com)

According to the roadmap, 17 Turkish satellites will be in orbit by 2020. (spacenews.com)
In early 2020, the vehicle successfully docked on Intelsat 901, a communications satellite that is positioned in geostationary orbit. (nationaldefensemagazine.org)

Artist's concept of a Japanese X-band military communications satellite. (spaceflightnow.com)
Artist's concept of the CBERS 4 satellite in orbit. (spaceflightnow.com)

The launching process heading the satellite in geostationary orbit, by the first step places the satellite in a transfer orbit. (scirp.org)
The transfer orbit is elliptical in shape with low attitude at perigee, and the apogee of the geostationary orbit attitude. (scirp.org)

The DSN 2 communications station is one of three X-band relay satellites in development by the Japanese Defense Ministry. (spaceflightnow.com)
Russia's previous generations of data relay satellites have gone out of service due to age. (spaceflightnow.com)

At present, NASA 's Tracking and Data Relay Satellite System (TDRSS) is the only network that can help route signals from satellites to the correct ground stations. (ieee.org)
Faster Data Transmission: The shorter distance between LEO satellites and ground stations allows for faster data transmission speeds. (yesway.co.uk)
These satellites relieved pressure on the ground base network, but did not eliminate the need for the ground stations to exist. (google.com)
To demonstrate the inter-operability of the CubeCAT laser communication technology, SmallCAT will also be used to connect to other European optical ground stations. (tno.nl)

If a call is not handed off to a new cell upon leaving an old cell, the call will eventually be lost because the strength of signals over which communications take place would diminish to a point where the system's radio equipment cannot receive the end user's transmissions, or vice versa. (justia.com)
This fast movement relative to a subscriber unit introduces widely and rapidly varying propagation delays and Doppler frequency offsets into signals transmitted between a satellite and a subscriber unit. (justia.com)

Airbus SE-backed OneWeb launched its own clutch of satellites in February, while LeoSat Enterprises and Canada's Telesat are also working to build data networks. (hurriyetdailynews.com)

Besides extending the lives of satellites running out of propellant, for example, one can imagine satellites carrying less fuel in the first place, freeing up more weight for payloads. (thespacereview.com)

Satellite communication plays a vital role in our modern interconnected world, enabling global connectivity and facilitating various essential services. (mabuhaysat.com)
By carefully considering these factors, companies can optimize their satellite networks to meet diverse needs ranging from global internet connectivity to scientific research and military operations. (mabuhaysat.com)
Satellite internet is lauded for its potential to provide high-speed connectivity to remote areas and act as a backup during natural disasters. (circleid.com)
For many years, satellite connectivity has been expensive and subject to high latencies and packet loss compared to wired connectivity. (techtarget.com)
Satellite as primary connectivity was typical of ships at sea, planes in flight and facilities far from urban areas, such as pipeline monitoring stations and remote mines. (techtarget.com)
Satellites as secondary connectivity made sense in places where only one wired connectivity provider was available but only until 4G and 5G cellular data services became nearly ubiquitous . (techtarget.com)
Using satellite for primary or secondary connectivity is becoming more affordable. (techtarget.com)
And, in many use cases, satellite performance is on par with available wired or cellular connectivity. (techtarget.com)
The broad enterprise shift to support work-from-anywhere models has heightened interest in satellite internet connectivity for end users. (techtarget.com)
One of our aims is to enable secure broadband connectivity that will support the growing demand for data and increase communication efficiency. (tno.nl)

The U.S. Air Force has used Boeing Delta rockets to place every GPS satellite into orbit since 1989. (mediaroom.com)
Mission Analysis of Spinning Systems for Transfers from Low Orbits to Geostationary," Journal of Spacecraft and Rockets, Vol. 37, No. 2, 2000, pp. 165-172. (scirp.org)

On April 12, Northrop Grumman's Mission Extension Vehicle-2 (MEV-2) successfully docked with a geostationary communications satellite, Intelsat 10-02. (thespacereview.com)

Additionally, the satellite contains an extremely high frequency (EHF) package for encrypted, highly jam resistant, and survivable communications primarily for Navy users. (globalsecurity.org)

Both satellites which demonstrated autonomous orbit matching woth other objects, a key technology needed for servicing. (thespacereview.com)

R. Esmailzadeh, H. Arefkhani and S. Davoodi, "Active Control and Attitude Stabilization of a Momentum-Biased Satellite without Yaw Measurements," Proceedings of 19th Iranian Conference on Electrical Engineering, Tehran, 17-19 May 2011, pp. 1-6. (scirp.org)

LEO satellites orbit at or below 1,243 miles (2,000 km). (techtarget.com)

But there's a lot more to that network than you imagine, and a lot more to lunar communications in general than you might think. (google.com)

These stations were in direct communications with Houston via landline communications channels. (google.com)

Most used orbits are circular, categorized as low, medium and geosynchronous (geostationary) orbits based on the attitude above the Earths surface. (scirp.org)
Orbit circular not sun synchronized. (amsat.org)

Once the satellites are established in those orbits and have been through a checkout period, SES-20 and SES-21 can begin doing what they were built to do - provide television broadcasting service across the United States for the Luxembourg telecom company SES. (space.com)
Dedicated satellite networks provide satellite internet services. (techtarget.com)
Each satellite will be able to provide internet access for anyone within a 2120-kilometre-wide ellipse underneath its orbit. (newscientist.com)
The MEV-1 will provide the satellite with life-extension services for five years, Tom Wilson, president of SpaceLogistics, said during the forum. (nationaldefensemagazine.org)

As Live Science has previously reported , it's wildly unlikely that any given de-orbiting object will drop significant debris on land, let alone anywhere where the debris might be recognized. (livescience.com)

In this comprehensive guide, we will explore the various orbit types employed in satellite communication systems, their characteristics, advantages, and limitations. (mabuhaysat.com)
In conclusion, understanding different orbit types is crucial when it comes to designing satellite communication systems that cater to specific applications' requirements. (mabuhaysat.com)
There is an ever increasing need for low-cost communication systems in the world. (vt.edu)
Satellite Communications Systems Engineering: Atmospheric Effects, Satellite Link Design and System Performance. (wikipedia.org)
The Boeing Company [NYSE: BA] today announced the successful on-orbit handover of the MEASAT-3 satellite to MEASAT Satellite Systems Sdn Bhd. (mediaroom.com)
MEASAT-3 has completed all on-orbit testing, and we were pleased to hand over this satellite to an important customer," said Stephen T. O'Neill, president of Boeing Satellite Systems International. (mediaroom.com)
The successful transfer of the Boeing 601 satellite to MEASAT follows on-orbit testing to ensure the spacecraft systems are functioning as designed. (mediaroom.com)
Built by Russia's Reshetnev Information Satellite Systems Co., the satellite is outfitted with C- and Ku-band transmission beams to blanket Africa and connect with Europe and the Middle East. (spaceflightnow.com)
The official said that a communication link with the Meridian 4 had been established, and the satellite's on-board systems were operating without glitches. (sputnikglobe.com)
This argument is stronger for GEO systems, as the cost to orbit is substantially higher. (thespacereview.com)
Satelles created its Satellite Time and Location (STL) service for the purpose of safeguarding against devastating attacks to GPS/GNSS capable of disrupting or disabling electrical grids, wireless communications networks, financial systems, and other private and public infrastructure in ways that seriously imperil the safety and security of our society. (techstartups.com)
This invention relates generally to satellite cellular communications systems and, in particular, to a method for calculating handoff parameters necessary for performing cell to cell handoffs between cells of different satellites. (justia.com)
One problem which cellular communications systems address is the handing-off of communications between cells, particularly between cells of different satellites. (justia.com)
NAVSOC is responsible for providing satellite telemetry, tracking and commanding for a number of satellite systems, including UHF F/O, the Fleet Satellite Communications (FLTSATCOM) and Geodetic Satellite Follow-On spacecraft, in addition to the FLTSATCOM EHF Package and Polar payloads. (globalsecurity.org)
It includes a discussion of protocols, infrastructure, and the technical challenges involved with implementing such systems, as well as a top level summary of on-going satellite QKD initiatives around the world. (nature.com)

Developed by researchers at the Harbin Institute of Technology in Heilongjiang province, the Longjiang 3 is China's first plate-shaped satellite. (chinadaily.com.cn)
It is China's counterpart to the U.S. Air Force's Global Positioning System, Russia's Glonass satellite fleet and Europe's Galileo program. (amerisurv.com)

An interview with William Vincent, Robotic Servicing of Geosynchronous Satellites (RSGS) program manager at the U.S. Naval Research Laboratory. (acm.org)
To get at the problem, the Pentagon and industry are eyeing new initiatives to use robots to perform on-orbit satellite servicing and life extension work. (nationaldefensemagazine.org)
When I first joined the satellite industry and we were thinking about refueling there were about eight satellite servicing companies that we identified," said Jeremy Schiel, acting chair of the Consortium for Execution of Rendezvous and Servicing Operations, or CONFERS, executive committee. (nationaldefensemagazine.org)
There are now over 45, and that number only grows with every passing month," he noted during the consortium's Global Satellite Servicing Forum. (nationaldefensemagazine.org)
As the satellite servicing industry continues to expand, so does the consortium, said Todd Master, DARPA's program manager for CONFERS. (nationaldefensemagazine.org)
Recently the consortium, which was established in 2016, has seen its members start to split into two groups: one focusing on the technical aspect of satellite servicing and the other on the policy element, Master said. (nationaldefensemagazine.org)
What that really indicates to me is we've got enough growing participation and enough interest from the industry in growing into a variety of different segmented things, all of which we considered to be under the umbrella of satellite servicing," he said. (nationaldefensemagazine.org)
The Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL) conducted a study in 2009 into on-orbit servicing and its potential cost benefits. (thespacereview.com)
The results suggest that on-orbit servicing of one satellite alone is not cost effective. (thespacereview.com)
However, on orbit servicing presents some geopolitical challenges moving forward that will require a more comprehensive approach to answer. (thespacereview.com)
Advocates of satellites servicing have to think carefully about messaging and dealing with the real threat that other states will follow suit. (thespacereview.com)
The resynchronization process required to generate accurate time delay parameters and Doppler frequency offset parameters compatible with the newly servicing satellite may be time consuming and complex. (justia.com)
Accordingly, there is a significant need for an inter-satellite handoff method and system, including a subscriber unit, which permit direct generation and calculation of handoff parameters, permitting an efficient handoff directly to a traffic channel of a new servicing satellite. (justia.com)

The Japanese government designed the program as a "Private Finance Initiative," in which the satellites and their support network were commercially procured by DSN Corp., a joint venture with majority ownership by SKY Perfect JSAT Corp., a Tokyo-based commercial communications satellite operator. (spaceflightnow.com)
The activation of the DSN satellite network will lessen the Japanese government's need to lease communications capacity from commercial satellites. (spaceflightnow.com)
What is a LEO satellite network? (techtarget.com)
S. Cakaj, B. Kamo, V. Koliçi and O. Shurdi, "The Injection Velocity and Apogee Simulation for Transfer Elliptical Satellite Orbits," International Journal of Communications, Network and System Sciences , Vol. 5 No. 3, 2012, pp. 187-191. (scirp.org)
The answer, is a communications network that grows and becomes more sophisticated as time goes on. (google.com)
This required a sophisticated network of communications satellites and technologies…and a bit of luck. (google.com)
This is the Apollo Lunar Communications Network. (google.com)
In this episode, we're going to be talking about the fledgling communications network being built in the 1960s, 1970s, and 1980s to support the various Apollo missions we have previously discussed in season 1. (google.com)
The decision was made to invest in a satellite based communications network for lunar communications. (google.com)
This required a fewer number of such satellites in order to maintain communications with the moon, and it eliminated the need for the ground based network. (google.com)
The focus was to improve intelligence gathering, communications network and early warning. (spacenews.com)
A satellite cellular communications network performs cell-to-cell handoffs between cells of different satellites (30, 32). (justia.com)
Meanwhile, our opportunity of always being connected has led to our applications, the apps and programs we use, constantly being in communication with the network. (lu.se)
Instead, we could choose to concentrate our communication to times when it requires little energy, like when you are close to a base station for the mobile network or WiFi. (lu.se)

Understanding different orbit types is crucial for optimizing system performance, cost-effectiveness, and mission objectives. (mabuhaysat.com)
Different types of orbits are possible, each suitable for a specific application or mission. (scirp.org)
The joint satellite mission - expected to last at least three years - will track wildfires and deforestation in the Amazon rainforest, observe crop yields and trends in land use, manage water resources, and study urban development, according to INPE. (spaceflightnow.com)
The Mission Extension Vehicle is designed to dock with satellites whose fuel is almost depleted. (nationaldefensemagazine.org)
During the mission, Discovery deployed three communications satellites into orbit. (nasa.gov)

The loss of UO-14 leaves amateurs with SO-41 and SO-50 as the only two LEO FM voice satellites now in operation, although the planned 2004 launches of the OSCAR-ECHO and VUSAT could help fill in the void. (arrl.org)

The use of a retrograde orbit suggest that these satellites use synthetic aperture radar. (wikipedia.org)

Total Telecom meets the information and research needs of the Global Communications industry, from breaking news to expert analysis. (totaltele.com)

The apogee of the parking orbit depends on the injection velocity applied at perigee. (scirp.org)

Traditionally satellites have not been well suited to delivering real-time communications applications due to low data-rates, costs and long latencies. (totaltele.com)
The success of this ambitious project hinges upon selecting the appropriate orbit type that can ensure seamless coverage and efficient data transmission. (mabuhaysat.com)
Launched in 1990, UoSAT-OSCAR-14 pioneered the PACSAT communication concept as the first 9.6 kbps Amateur Radio data communications satellite. (arrl.org)
NAVSOC also maintains the health of the remaining transit satellites in support of ionospheric research and provides ephemeris Data and TRANSEC information to EHF users. (globalsecurity.org)
In domestic situations, current and historic data from the US Census Bureau and satellite imagery may be readily available. (cdc.gov)

In the Japanese Defense Ministry's planned budget for fiscal year 2017, officials disclosed plans to purchase a third X-band communications satellite. (spaceflightnow.com)
In 2017, Turksat 5B and a second regional positioning satellite will be launched. (spacenews.com)

Officials announced the DSN satellite agreement in January 2013, with satellite builder NEC Corp. and the telecommunications provider NTT listed as minority owners of the new company. (spaceflightnow.com)
It is the leading communications link between end users and the vendors, carriers and resellers of telecommunications technology and services. (totaltele.com)

Anatomy29

Organisms21

Diseases40

Chemicals and Drugs27

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment30

Psychiatry and Psychology30

Phenomena and Processes40

Disciplines and Occupations8

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena5

Technology, Industry, Agriculture6

Information Science41

Named Groups1

Health Care31

Geographicals1

Geosynchronous Trans1

Geostationary satellites6

Small satellites7

20232

Constellation15

SpaceX12

Rocket36

Altitude6

Starlink5

Earth54

Constellations7

Payload2

Kilometers3

Earth's7

Commercial communications satellites1

Aboard2

Launch27

Liftoff1

Space25

Operational2

Military communications satellites2

Orbital7

Tiny satellites1

Inclination1

Latency8

Spacecraft in orbit1

20202

Artist's2

Transfer orbit2

Relay satellites2

Ground stations4

Signals2

OneWeb1

Propellant1

Connectivity10

Rockets2

Intelsat1

Additionally1

Autonomous1

Stabilization1

2,000 km1

Imagine1

Stations1

Circular2

Provide4

Debris1

Systems15

China's2

Servicing13

Network14

Mission5

Launches1

Synthetic apert1

Telecom1

Velocity1

Data5

20172

Telecommunications2