Sarin nerve. Medical search. Frequent questions

The organophosphate nerve agents tabun (GA), sarin (GB), soman (GD), and cyclosarin (GF) are among the most toxic chemical warfare agents known. (medscape.com)
G agents (e.g. sarin, tabun and soman) are primarily designed to act via inhalation, while V agents (eg. (who.int)
Sarin, tabun and VX may be absorbed quickly and easily. (who.int)
Sarin and tabun mixes easily with water (whereas VX does not mix with water as easily as other nerve agents), so it could be used to poison water or food. (who.int)
Following release of sarin and tabun into water, people can be exposed by touching or drinking water that contains G agents. (who.int)
Tabun is the first of the G-series nerve agents along with GB (sarin), GD (soman) and GF (cyclosarin). (wikipedia.org)
Tabun is about half as toxic as sarin by inhalation, but in very low concentrations it is more irritating to the eyes than sarin. (wikipedia.org)
Treatment for suspected tabun poisoning is often three injections of a nerve agent antidote, such as atropine. (wikipedia.org)
We produced the recombinant enzyme in mammalian cells, purified it, and measured the inhibition constants for paraoxon and surrogates of VX, sarin and tabun. (rcsb.org)

It is a volatile chemical, although less so than either sarin or soman. (wikipedia.org)
The team then tried the metal-organic framework crystals with soman, a nerve agent in the same family as sarin. (cosmosmagazine.com)
They only tested soman - not other nerve agents such as sarin or VX. (cosmosmagazine.com)
Pyridostigmine Bromide (PB) pills as prophylactic against the nerve agent soman, 3. (drexel.edu)
chemical and biological weapons including sarin- and cyclosarin nerve gas and possibly mustard gas and soman mixes, 6. (drexel.edu)

At room temperature, the G-series nerve agents are volatile liquids, making them a serious risk for exposure from dermal contact with liquid nerve agent or inhalation of nerve agent vapor. (medscape.com)
[ 5 ] Excessive ACh at these cholinergic receptors may account for the spectrum of clinical effects observed in nerve agent exposure. (medscape.com)
Clinical effects of nerve agents depend on the route and amount of exposure. (medscape.com)
The effect of inhalational exposure to nerve agent vapor in turn depends on the vapor concentration and the time of exposure. (medscape.com)
Exposure to low concentrations of nerve agent vapor produces immediate ocular symptoms, rhinorrhea, and in some patients, dyspnea. (medscape.com)
Although exposure to other chemicals within the battlefield environment could also have caused some cases, the researchers concluded that exposure to sarin was the most likely cause generally for Gulf War Syndrome. (personneltoday.com)
Chemically and toxicologically, the nerve gases are similar to many of the commercial organophosphate pesticides and, while information on severe nerve gas poisoning in humans is rather limited, there are extensive data on human exposure to some of these pesticides. (who.int)
The effect of exposure to sarin depends on the amount of the agent, route and duration of the exposure. (who.int)
Nerve degeneration is considered an unlikely outcome either from acute intoxication with any of the nerve agents or from long-term exposure to them. (cdc.gov)
The extent of poisoning that sarin causes depends on three factors: (1) the amount of sarin to which they were exposed, (2) how they were exposed, and (3) the how long the exposure lasted. (nationalterroralert.com)
Symptoms will appear within a few seconds after exposure to the vapor form of sarin and within a few minutes up to 18 hours after exposure to the liquid form. (nationalterroralert.com)
Recovery from sarin exposure is possible with treatment, but the antidotes available must be used quickly to be effective. (nationalterroralert.com)
Quickly moving to an area where fresh air is available is highly effective in reducing the possibility of death from exposure to sarin vapors. (nationalterroralert.com)
WASHINGTON - Low levels of sarin nerve gas affected behavior and organ functions in laboratory animals at least a month after exposure, suggests new research that may provide clues to the mysterious illnesses of Persian Gulf War veterans. (veteransforcommonsense.org)
Even so, the studies provide new information in an area where a lack of research has made it impossible to conclude whether Gulf veterans' illnesses are linked to low-level sarin gas exposure. (veteransforcommonsense.org)
Dr. Robert Haley, an epidemiologist at University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, has published almost two dozen studies suggesting that some Gulf War veterans' illnesses are linked to brain damage resulting from exposure to toxins such as sarin. (veteransforcommonsense.org)
Haley said the new research gives "biological plausibility" to his suggestion of a link to sarin gas exposure. (veteransforcommonsense.org)
Although veterans were not injected with sarin, McDonough said the biochemical effects on the brain are the same for either exposure method. (veteransforcommonsense.org)
These labs are able to detect not only the toxic chemicals that Level 2 labs can, but also exposure to chemicals including mustard gas, nerve agents like sarin, and other toxic industrial chemicals. (cdc.gov)

Nerve agents act by first binding and then irreversibly inactivating acetylcholinesterase (AChE), producing a toxic accumulation of acetylcholine (ACh) at muscarinic, nicotinic, and CNS synapses. (medscape.com)

Most of the nerve agents were originally synthesized in a search for insecticides, but because of their toxicity, they were evaluated for military use. (cdc.gov)
Like a number of widely used insecticides, the nerve agents GA, GB, and VX are organic compounds containing phosphorus (organophosphorus compounds). (cdc.gov)
however, nerve agents are much more potent than insecticides. (nationalterroralert.com)

What is sarin and cyclosarin? (wren-clothing.com)
Unlike sarin, cyclosarin is a persistent liquid, meaning that it has a low vapor pressure and therefore evaporates relatively slowly, evaporating at about 1/69th the rate of sarin and 1/20th that of water. (wren-clothing.com)
Also unlike sarin, cyclosarin is flammable, with a flash point of 94 °C (201 °F). (wren-clothing.com)

According to media reports, sarin gas was found in the homes of suspected Syrian militants detained in provinces of Adana and Mersia following a search by Turkish police. (internetz-zeitung.eu)
But the French account goes further, claiming that the strain of sarin used in the attack on Khan Sheikhoun was identical to sarin samples collected in a previous Syrian government attack on the town of Saraqib on April 29, 2013. (foreignpolicy.com)
The Syrian Scientific Studies and Research Center, the regime's chemical weapons incubator, developed a process to add hexamine to the two key ingredients of sarin, isopropanol and methylphosphonyl difluoride, to stabilize it and improve its effectiveness, according to the French account. (foreignpolicy.com)
The sarin present in the munitions used on 4 April was produced using the same manufacturing process as that used during the sarin attack perpetrated by the Syrian regime in Saraqib," according to the French paper. (foreignpolicy.com)
Yesterday, following scientific tests, the Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons confirmed that inhabitants of Khan Sheikoun, in the Syrian province of Idlib, had been "exposed to Sarin, a chemical weapon", during an attack last April. (al-bab.com)
Vastly more toxic and lethal than mustard agent, sarin nerve agent is reportedly easily readied for use by the Syrian military for delivery via aircraft, artillery, and the country's 100 to 200 Scud missiles. (thebulletin.org)
The attack involved Syrian government warplanes, and according to monitoring groups, included the use of sarin nerve gas. (israelnationalnews.com)
US President Barack Obama has made a compelling case that Syrian President Bashar al-Assad's regime has used nerve agents to kill hundreds of Syrians. (brookings.edu)
The intelligence case presented by Obama demonstrates clearly that the Syrian regime used the nerve agent sarin in August. (brookings.edu)

At the present time, two families of nerve gases are important for military purposes, namely the G agents, which are alkyl esters of methylphosphonofluoridic acid or of dialkylphosphoramidocyanidic acid, and the V agents, which are mainly alkyl esters of S‐dialkylaminoethyl methylphosphonothiolic acid. (who.int)

Nerve agents are heavier than air and will tend to accumulate in low-lying areas. (who.int)
Nerve agent vapors are heavier than air. (cdc.gov)
Sarin vapor is heavier than air, so it would be more likely to settle in low-lying areas. (nationalterroralert.com)

Persons whose skin or clothing is contaminated with nerve agent can contaminate rescuers by direct contact or through off-gassing vapor. (cdc.gov)
However, sarin can evaporate into a vapor (gas) and spread into the environment. (nationalterroralert.com)
A person's clothing can release sarin for about 30 minutes after it has come in contact with sarin vapor. (nationalterroralert.com)
Sarin is the most volatile of the nerve agents, which means that it can easily and quickly evaporate from a liquid into a vapor and spread into the environment. (nationalterroralert.com)
People can be exposed to the vapor even if they do not come in contact with the liquid form of sarin. (nationalterroralert.com)

Nerve agents are readily absorbed by inhalation, ingestion, and dermal contact. (cdc.gov)

Sarin is a clear, colorless, and tasteless liquid that has no odor in its pure form. (nationalterroralert.com)
People may not know that they were exposed because sarin has no odor. (nationalterroralert.com)

Lethal nerve agents have been used in terrorism attacks, such as 1995's Tokyo subway sarin attack, and in wars such as the Ghouta chemical attack in Syria in 2003. (cosmosmagazine.com)
The effects of nerve agents are truly gruesome and can be lethal within minutes unless an antidote can be given quickly. (cosmosmagazine.com)
The extreme stakes created by the American red line make it is incumbent upon the United States to articulate precisely what is meant by the term chemical weapon - which, under international law, includes non-lethal agents as well as more well-known and lethal agents such as sarin and VX. (thebulletin.org)
Sarin can be improvised, but it is not nearly as persistent, or lethal as the likes of VX, which radiates from corpses to kill anyone who handles them without MOPP gear and the training to use it. (stormfront.org)
Some veterans attribute the health problems to toxic substances they encountered in the Gulf, including sarin, a toxic chemical weapon that is lethal at high levels. (veteransforcommonsense.org)

France also said that since 2014, Syria has sought to acquire dozens of tons of isopropanol, a key ingredient of sarin, even though it committed to destroying its chemical arsenal in October 2013. (foreignpolicy.com)

Toyoda and Hirose were among five cult members who released nerve gas on the subway on 20 March 1995. (bbc.co.uk)
Sarin was used in two terrorist attacks in Japan in 1994 and 1995. (nationalterroralert.com)

Because sarin breaks down slowly in the body, people who are repeatedly exposed to sarin may suffer more harmful health effects. (nationalterroralert.com)

Here we investigated the hypothesis that oligodendrocyte development is disrupted by Gulf War agents, by experiments using the sarin-surrogate acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, diisopropyl fluorophosphate (DFP). (cdc.gov)
So Li and his crew made zirconium metal-organic framework crystals of different sizes, then soaked them in organophosphorus acid anhydrolase before dropping them in a solution (with a pH of 7.2, similar to blood) and added the nerve agent simulant diisopropyl fluorophosphate. (cosmosmagazine.com)

Other people can be exposed to sarin if they breathe this sarin gas. (nationalterroralert.com)

The designation "nerve gas" or "nerve agent" is used for organophosphorus compounds that inhibit tissue cholinesterase. (who.int)

In an earlier article where Hersh suggested the Assad regime had not been responsible for Sarin attacks near Damascus in 2013, he either overlooked or disregarded evidence which didn't fit his argument and posed a number of questions which other writers had already answered. (al-bab.com)
Will we have to wait 50 years or more to learn that the 'rebels' and Israel nerve gassed women and children, not Assad and our war against Syria was based on a Jewish lie? (stormfront.org)
Remember Obama accusing Assad of gassing his own people with sarin nerve agent at Ghouta, Syria, in 2013? (blackagendareport.com)

G-type nerve agents (GA, GB, and GD) are clear, colorless liquids that are volatile at ambient temperatures. (cdc.gov)
It is the least volatile nerve agent. (cdc.gov)

Nerve agents are the most toxic of the known chemical warfare agents. (cdc.gov)
Sarin is a man-made chemical warfare agent classified as a nerve agent. (nationalterroralert.com)

Nerve agents are mostly odourless and colourless to yellow‐brown liquids at ambient temperature, and are soluble in water except V agents. (who.int)
A colourless, odourless liquid, it is used as a chemical weapon due to its extreme potency as a nerve agent. (positivehealth.com)

These structures allow the assessment of hBAL for scavenging nerve agents. (rcsb.org)

The exact symptoms of overexposure are similar to those created by all nerve agents. (wikipedia.org)
Low level sarin nerve gas and other anti-cholinesterase agents have been implicated in Gulf War illness (GWI), a chronic multi-symptom disorder characterized by cognitive, pain and fatigue symptoms that continues to afflict roughly 32% of veterans from the 1990-1991 Gulf War. (cdc.gov)

In particular, France assesses that Syria has maintained a capacity to produce or stock sarin, despite its commitment to destroy all stocks and capacities. (foreignpolicy.com)

Although related organophosphate chemicals are used in medicine, pharmacology, and agriculture, these are not as toxic as the nerve agents. (cdc.gov)

The drug combo in steroid-eligible patients also "reduces morbidity related to infections, rehospitalizations, and hepatic encephalopathy, reduces infection rates," Sarin said at The Liver Meeting 2022, the annual meeting of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases. (medscape.com)

It can cut off a person's nervous system by binding to enzyme s that send signals to nerve s. (everything2.com)

Because sarin mixes easily with water, water can easily be contaminated. (nationalterroralert.com)

At the neuromuscular junction (where nerves connect to muscles), the impulse crosses from the motor nerve to receptors on the motor end plate of the muscle, where the impulse stimulates the muscle to move. (msdmanuals.com)
Her work, particularly when combined with the basic pharmacologic studies of contemporaries such as Dale and Feldberg on cholinergic neuromuscular transmission, suggested impairment of cholinergic transmission at the nerve-muscle synapse. (medscape.com)

Nerve agents were used by Iraq against Iran and have been used by terrorists. (cdc.gov)
The Pentagon confirms more than 140,000 troops were exposed to low levels of sarin in 1991 when U.S. forces destroyed a weapons depot at Khamisiyah in southern Iraq. (veteransforcommonsense.org)

Sarin (NATO designation GB [short for G-series, "B"]) is an extremely toxic synthetic organophosphorus compound. (positivehealth.com)

Researchers in the US, China and Saudi Arabia developed a vehicle that stabilises as otherwise short-lived nerve agent antidote so it can neutralise the effects of the chemicals. (cosmosmagazine.com)

Unmyelinated epidermal nerve fiber and myelinated dermal nerve fiber densities were quantified in skin biopsies from six subjects. (harvard.edu)
Skin biopsies revealed that cryolipolysis decreased epidermal nerve fiber density as well as dermal myelinated nerve fiber density, which persisted throughout the study. (harvard.edu)

The US Army decided to categorise the chemical in its own class, V , because it was much more persistent than any G -class substances ( for instance, sarin ). (everything2.com)
It was developed as a more persistent agent than sarin. (wren-clothing.com)

It is classified as a nerve agent because it fatally interferes with normal functioning of the mammalian nervous system. (wikipedia.org)

French intelligence faults the U.S.-Russia chemical pact and discloses Syria's effort to acquire ingredients for a nerve agent. (foreignpolicy.com)
The new evidence, contained in a six-page National Evaluation prepared by French intelligence, represents the most detailed public account of Syria's alleged use of the deadly nerve agent sarin in the attack on the town of Khan Sheikhoun. (foreignpolicy.com)

Russia has never officially confirmed its existence, but those same scientists said Novichok nerve agents are the deadliest ever made, with some variants possibly five to eight times more potent than VX. (wren-clothing.com)

They affect nerves, muscles, and glands by inhibiting acetyl cholinesterase, an enzyme required for proper function of these tissues. (cdc.gov)
All the nerve agents cause their toxic effects by preventing the proper operation of the chemical that acts as the body's "off switch" for glands and muscles. (nationalterroralert.com)
A nerve agent's power stems from their ability to interfere with chemical messages transmitted by nerves to organs, muscles and other nerves. (cosmosmagazine.com)
But nerve agents block acetylcholinesterase so muscles stay contracted, brain function is warped and eventually, an afflicted individual dies unless they have antidote on hand. (cosmosmagazine.com)

Separately, researchers at Lovelace Respiratory Research Institute in Albuquerque, N.M., known for its tobacco studies, exposed mice to low-level doses of sarin in a three-part Army-funded study. (veteransforcommonsense.org)

The claim that the suspects didn't know about the possibility of producing sarin nerve gas from the chemicals they tried to buy is not true which was established when they were testifying," the document says. (internetz-zeitung.eu)
So far today, they've discovered radioactive material to make dirty bombs and some kind of lab set up to make a chemical like sarin nerve gas… and then there's the rental truck which is loaded with nasty chemicals. (environmentreport.org)

The United Nation's toxicology experts later discovered the gas to be Sarin (A nerve gas). (wilstar.com)

Due to the efforts of numerous clinicians and basic scientists over many years, we now have a firm understanding of how the motor signal generated in the brain travels down the spinal cord, into a peripheral nerve, and interfaces with the target muscle. (medscape.com)

Some veterans believe other sarin exposures occurred. (veteransforcommonsense.org)

A lab mocked up to resemble a terrorist operation making sarin nerve agent. (environmentreport.org)

Fatal sarin nerve gas released in a residential district in Matsumoto, Nagano Prefecture. (religionnewsblog.com)

Nerve agents also antagonize gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) neurotransmission, which in part may mediate seizures and CNS neuropathology. (medscape.com)
There are a few types of antidote, such as another enzyme called organophosphorus acid anhydrolase that chops up nerve agents. (cosmosmagazine.com)

Our data suggest that controlled skin cooling to specifically target cutaneous nerve fibers has the potential to be useful for prolonged relief of cutaneous pain and might have a use as a research tool to isolate and study cutaneous itch-sensing nerves in human skin. (harvard.edu)
The impulse crosses a synapse in the thalamus to nerve fibers that carry the impulse to the sensory cortex of the cerebrum (the area that receives and interprets information from sensory receptors). (msdmanuals.com)
The impulse crosses a synapse between the nerve fibers in the spinal cord and a motor nerve, which is located in the spinal cord. (msdmanuals.com)

For example, special nerve endings in the skin (sensory receptors) enable people to sense pain or a change in temperature. (msdmanuals.com)
This was largely due to 2 primary points of contention: (1) Which side of the nerve-muscle junction was the defect in MG (the presynaptic nerve endings or the postsynaptic motor end plate)? (medscape.com)

Because nerve agents are soluble in fat and water, they are absorbed readily through the eyes, respiratory tract, and skin. (medscape.com)

At nicotinic receptors in skin, nerve agents cause sweating, and on skeletal muscle, they cause initial defasciculation followed by weakness and flaccid paralysis. (medscape.com)

Wal-Mart, Walgreens Found Selling Chemical Used To Manufacture Deadly Nerve Gas. (worldtruth.tv)
VX is the most deadly Nerve Agent known to man (or at least the most deadly one known to the public). (everything2.com)
The chemical is 3 times more deadly than sarin . (everything2.com)
The nerve agent VX is one of the most deadly chemical s existing in our world today. (everything2.com)

While some patients respond to treatment with corticosteroids, the response is often modest and limited in duration, Sarin said. (medscape.com)

Anatomy12

Diseases4

Chemicals and Drugs9

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment2

Psychiatry and Psychology1

Phenomena and Processes1

Technology, Industry, Agriculture1

Health Care1

Tabun9

Soman5

Exposure19

Inactivating acetylcholinesterase1

Insecticides3

Cyclosarin3

Syrian9

Gases1

Heavier than air3

Vapor5

Inhalation1

Odor2

Lethal5

Isopropanol1

19952

Breaks down slowly1

Diisopropyl fluorophosphate2

People can be exposed1

Organophosphorus compounds1

Assad3

Volatile2

Chemical warfare2

Odourless2

Scavenging nerve agents1

Symptoms2

Syria1

Organophosphate1

20221

Person's1

Mixes1

Neuromuscular2

Iraq2

NATO1

Agent antidote1

Dermal2

Persistent2

Classified as a nerve agent1

Syria's2

Potent1

Muscles4

Doses1

Chemicals2

Nation's1

Peripheral1

Veterans1

Terrorist1

Fatal1

Acid2

Fibers3

Endings2

Soluble1

Receptors1

Deadly4

Duration1