• This organism will carry the inserted retroviral genome as an integral part of its own genome-an "endogenous" retrovirus (ERV) that may be inherited by its offspring as a novel allele. (wikipedia.org)
  • HERV, human endogenous retrovirus. (cdc.gov)
  • However, while the late stages of the retrovirus life cycle, consisting of virus replication and egress, have been partly unraveled, the early steps remain largely enigmatic. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Characterization of a 105,000 molecular weight gag-related phosphoprotein from cells transformed by the defective avian sarcoma virus PRCII. (wikidata.org)
  • Characterization of protein kinase activity associated with the transforming gene product of Fujinami sarcoma virus. (wikidata.org)
  • Bender C, Hall H, Huang J, Klimov A, Subbarao K. Characterization of the surface proteins of influenza A (H5N1) viruses isolated from humans in 1997-1998. (unt.edu)
  • Endogenous retroviruses (ERVs) are endogenous viral elements in the genome that closely resemble and can be derived from retroviruses. (wikipedia.org)
  • External envelope protein of the human immunodeficiency virus which is encoded by the HIV env gene. (lookformedical.com)
  • Transmembrane envelope protein of the HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS which is encoded by the HIV env gene. (lookformedical.com)
  • Genetic structure, transforming sequence, and gene product of avian sarcoma virus UR1. (wikidata.org)
  • Viral culture is also related, with cells as hosts for the viruses. (wikipedia.org)
  • Tumor virus ribonucleic acid directed deoxyribonucleic acid synthesis: nucleotide sequence at the 5' terminus of nascent deoxyribonucleic acid. (wikidata.org)
  • Antibodies that reduce or abolish some biological activity of a soluble antigen or infectious agent, usually a virus. (lookformedical.com)
  • ERVs however lack most transposon functions, are typically not infectious and are often defective genomic remnants of the retroviral replication cycle. (wikipedia.org)
  • A new group of oncogenic viruses: reticuloendotheliosis, chick syncytial, duck infectious anemia, and spleen necrosis viruses. (wikidata.org)
  • Infection with influenza A virus (IAV) may also magnify pre-existing airway remodeling leading to asthma exacerbation. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The role of two members of the ETS (E26 avian leukemia oncogene) family of transcription factors, ETS-1 and ETS-2, has been investigated in many cancers but has not yet been studied in ocular tumors. (molvis.org)
  • However, most of these have acquired inactivating mutations during host DNA replication and are no longer capable of producing the virus. (wikipedia.org)
  • Species of the genus LENTIVIRUS, subgenus primate immunodeficiency viruses (IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUSES, PRIMATE), that induces acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in monkeys and apes (SAIDS). (lookformedical.com)
  • Electron microscopic observations on RE virus (strain T) that induces reticuloendotheliosis in turkeys, chickens, and Japanese quail. (wikidata.org)
  • The envelope consists of an inner layer of lipids and virus specified proteins also called membrane or matrix proteins. (lookformedical.com)
  • Proteins synthesized by HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUSES such as the HIV-1 and HIV-2 . (lookformedical.com)
  • The present invention provides methods of achieving directed evolution of viruses by in vivo screening or "panning" to identify viruses comprising scrambled AAV capsids having characteristics of interest, e.g., tropism profile and/or neutralization profile (e.g., ability to evade neutralizing antibodies). (justia.com)
  • The prevalence of hepatitis C virus infection in the United States, 1988 through 1994. (unt.edu)
  • Measles virus infection in rhesus macaques: altered immune responses and comparison of the virulence of six different strains. (unt.edu)
  • This vaccine was made possible by the cell culture research of John Franklin Enders , Thomas Huckle Weller , and Frederick Chapman Robbins , who were awarded a Nobel Prize for their discovery of a method of growing the virus in monkey kidney cell cultures. (wikipedia.org)
  • The surge in Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) research in order to identify new therapeutic targets has led to a better understanding of the retroviral life cycle. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Growing viruses in cell cultures allowed preparation of purified viruses for the manufacture of vaccines . (wikipedia.org)
  • Endogenous retroviruses can play an active role in shaping genomes. (wikipedia.org)
  • Retroviruses differ from other positive-strand RNA viruses in the sense that their genomic RNA is reverse transcribed to generate a double stranded DNA flanked by two long terminal repeats (LTR). (medscape.com)
  • The discovery of HIV-1 and the AIDS epidemic fueled unprecedent interest in and support for basic research on retroviruses as well as extensive efforts aimed at combating the AIDS virus. (medscape.com)
  • Endogenous retroviruses (ERVs) are endogenous viral elements in the genome that closely resemble and can be derived from retroviruses. (wikipedia.org)
  • Endogenous retroviruses can play an active role in shaping genomes. (wikipedia.org)
  • About 90% of endogenous retroviruses are solo LTRs, lacking all open reading frames (ORFs). (wikipedia.org)
  • Analysis of the sequence of an infectious clone of the complete proviral genome indicates that HPRS-103 is a multiple recombinant of at least five ALSV sequences and one EAV (endogenous avian retroviral) sequence. (nih.gov)
  • ERVs however lack most transposon functions, are typically not infectious and are often defective genomic remnants of the retroviral replication cycle. (wikipedia.org)
  • Transcription-lote functions acct TBI Site of cleavage by Eco Ri Termination of s % v DNA replication Malor coat protein (VP1) Minor coat protein (VP3) - Origin of wen Traneription-aurly functions Key: REGGHONA Pima) RNA GZ Protein Replication ~ genes Other genes SOME POSSIBLE FORMS OF RNA TUMOR VIRUSES Tronsforming genes TRANSFORMATION-DEFECTIVE NON. (nih.gov)
  • However, most of these have acquired inactivating mutations during host DNA replication and are no longer capable of producing the virus. (wikipedia.org)
  • Adaptation of lymphadenopathy associated virus (LAV) to replication in EBV-transformed B lymphoblastoid cell lines. (academicinfluence.com)
  • As its name implies, AAV is dependent upon the presence of a helper virus, such as an adenovirus or herpes virus, for active replication. (justia.com)
  • Genetic transmission of oncogenic viruses (murine leukemia and manmary tumor viruses) 5. (nih.gov)
  • [ 1-3 ] Originally, the RT activity was found in purified avian and murine virions upon treatment with a low concentration of a non-ionic detergent. (medscape.com)
  • Probing of restriction digests of line 0 chicken genomic DNA has identified a novel group of endogenous sequences (EAV-HP) homologous to that of the HPRS-103 env gene but different from sequences homologous to EAV and E51. (nih.gov)
  • A defective avian leukemia virus in the family ALPHARETROVIRUS , causing progressive anemia and weakness in domestic and wild fowl. (nih.gov)
  • I. Complete regression of virus-induced transformation in cultures of seropositive donor leukocytes. (nih.gov)
  • EVIDENCE FOR VIRAL GENES IN NORMAL CELLS Viral antigen (many species) Helper factor which forms pseudotype with replica- tion-defective sarcoma virus (mainly chicken) 3. (nih.gov)
  • And I guess it was a very natural transition from that into the Polyoma virus which was the first real tumor virus that was worked with in this lab. (nih.gov)
  • Some examples of such findings and their significance will be considered in the herpes virus lecture and in the seminar on tumor viruses. (nih.gov)
  • Microbiology 100A -1- Harold Varmus, M.D. Spring 1976 TUMOR VIRUSES I. Recommended Readings: D.W. Allen and P. Cole, Viruses and Human Cancer, New England Journal of Medicine 286:70-82, 1972. (nih.gov)
  • but a profound understanding of the molecular behavior of tumor viruses may be required to know how to look for human agents. (nih.gov)
  • Whether or not human cancer is virus-related, animal tumor viruses offer an important opportunity to learn how cells work and how their behavior can be altered by a very small number of viral genes. (nih.gov)
  • But I've always felt that one of the key things to sort of opening up tumor virology was the isolation of a virus that you could work with in the lab that produced changes in tissue culture. (nih.gov)
  • [ 1-6 ] At almost the same time, RT activity was also found in virus-like particles purified from human fluids and cells. (medscape.com)
  • The role of two members of the ETS (E26 avian leukemia oncogene) family of transcription factors, ETS-1 and ETS-2, has been investigated in many cancers but has not yet been studied in ocular tumors. (molvis.org)
  • PMID- 214407 TI - Antibodies to Herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 in patients with squamous-cell carcinoma of uterine cervix in India. (nih.gov)
  • The present invention provides mutant adeno-associated virus (AAV) that exhibit altered capsid properties, e.g., reduced binding to neutralizing antibodies in serum and/or altered heparin binding and/or altered infectivity of particular cell types. (justia.com)
  • So, we got rather deeply into mouse viruses. (nih.gov)
  • J. Tooze, The Molecular Biology of Tumour Viruses, esp. (nih.gov)
  • Virus induction (chemical or physical) and spontaneous virus production in cultured cells (many species) 4. (nih.gov)
  • PMID- 214400 TI - Transmission of Japanese encephalitis virus by Culex bitaeniorhynchus Giles. (nih.gov)
  • Baker: Dr. Hartley, before we get into looking at the Viruses Cancer Program itself, could you give us a little bit about your background, where you went to school, and what experiences you've had? (nih.gov)
  • Baker: It became quite a change because, as you know, before 1955 nobody thought viruses had anything to do with cancer. (nih.gov)