• One norovirus GI-positive sample. (cdc.gov)
  • Thus, our goal was to investigate HAdV incidence, enteric and non-enteric types circulation, co-detections with rotavirus and norovirus and DNA shedding in stool samples from inpatients and outpatients from eleven Brazilian states. (bvsalud.org)
  • The following genera are recognized: Bavovirus Lagovirus Minovirus Nacovirus Nebovirus Norovirus Recovirus Salovirus Sapovirus Valovirus Vesivirus A number of other caliciviruses remain unclassified, including the chicken calicivirus. (wikipedia.org)
  • citation needed] Sapovirus, Norovirus, and Vesivirus have been detected in pigs, making this animal species of particular interest in the study of calicivirus pathogenesis and host range. (wikipedia.org)
  • The Norovirus and Sapovirus genera contain the human enteric viruses of the same names as well as a number of viruses that cause primarily enteric diseases in other animals, such as murine and canine noroviruses. (patient.info)
  • Faecal excretion of norovirus infection in asymptomatic individuals is common, especially in children. (patient.info)
  • Porcine sapovirus is an enteric calicivirus in domestic pigs that belongs to the family Caliciviridae. (lu.se)
  • From 6 to 12 months of age, we will collect weekly stool samples to compare microbiome conditions in diarrhoea stools versus stools from healthy children prior to, during and after acute enteric infections, using principal-coordinate analysis and other multivariate statistical methods. (bmj.com)
  • Faecal samples were collected between 2000 and 2003 from 685 children with symptoms of gastroenteritis. (ukhsa.gov.uk)
  • In this study, we aimed to develop a metagenomics approach using NGS to identify and characterise viruses in stool samples from infants and children with Acute Gastroenteritis (AGE) in Kuwait. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We have investigated 84 stool samples from infants and children aged one month to ten years old with signs and symptoms of gastroenteritis who attended Mubarak Al-Kabeer and Al-Amiri hospitals in Kuwait from January to December 2017. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Our results showed 71% agreement (k = 0.445, P = 0.000) between multiplex Real-Time PCR, which is used as a routine diagnostic test and metagenomics approach in the detection of viruses causing gastroenteritis in clinical samples. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In contrast, porcine sapovirus (PoSaV) causes diarrhea in swine and can be propagated in culture in the presence of bile acids ( Flynn and Saif, 1988 ), providing an animal model of calicivirus gastroenteritis. (basicmedicalkey.com)
  • One adenovirus-positive sample. (cdc.gov)
  • Two adenovirus-positive samples. (cdc.gov)
  • A total of 1,050 swine fecal samples from 88 pig farms were collected and tested by reverse transcription-PCR for sapoviruses, and positive findings were confirmed by sequencing. (lu.se)
  • Multiple viruses were found in 8% of the samples, and commonly involved rotavirus and any other virus. (ukhsa.gov.uk)
  • Some other viruses, including sapovirus, adenocirus, and enterovirus, also have been isolated from the intestines of pigs but are not associated with economically consequential disease. (msdvetmanual.com)
  • We search for these pathogens by taking a stool sample given by the patient, extracting the pathogenic DNA/RNA, and identifying within that DNA/RNA known genetic sequences that are associated with various viruses, bacteria, and parasites. (gdilabs.com)
  • A metagenomics approach using NGS to characterise viruses in clinical samples was used. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Despite the difficulties in sample preparation and analysis process, we showed that metagenomics approach is a powerful and promising tool for the detection and characterisation of different viruses in clinical samples. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Currently, the diagnostic methods used to detect viruses in stool samples are sequence-dependent molecular amplification techniques such as PCR, which cannot identify a pool of viruses and completely new viruses in clinical samples. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Noroviruses are highly prevalent, positive-sense RNA viruses that are transmitted by the fecal-oral route and infect the gastrointestinal tract of their host. (basicmedicalkey.com)
  • All samples were tested for the presence of viral pathogens using molecular methods. (ukhsa.gov.uk)
  • A viral aetiological agent was detected in 53ยท5% of samples tested. (ukhsa.gov.uk)
  • Samples were sent to central laboratories and batch analysed for bacterial and viral gastrointestinal pathogens that are commonly associated with diarrhoea. (who.int)
  • Here we used PCR testing, viral enrichment-based sequencing and agnostic metagenomic sequencing to analyse samples from 16 HAdV-positive cases from 1 October 2021 to 22 May 2022, in parallel with 113 controls. (cdc.gov)
  • Viral spread from person to person occurs by fecal-oral transmission of contaminated food and water. (medscape.com)
  • We cover up to 23 bacterial, parasitic, and viral targets in our test, with the option of performing an extended panel that covers 5 additional targets: calprotectin, Clostridium difficile EIA [toxin A/B], fecal lactoferrin, Helicobacter pylori stool antigen EIA, and pancreatic elastase. (gdilabs.com)
  • 4) Metagenomic analysis of viral populations in gut samples. (europeanhealthjournal.com)
  • Sapoviruses were detected in 80 (7.6%) samples collected on 39 (44.3%) farms and in every country. (lu.se)
  • Samples from which Cryptosporidium, Giardia, Salmonella, Campylobacter, enteroaggregative Escherichia coli (EAggEC), enterotoxigenic Clostridium perfringens, rotaviruses, noroviruses, or sapoviruses had been previously detected during the IID study using conventional methods were selected from the archive. (uea.ac.uk)
  • Genogroup VIII, found in five of the six countries, had the highest degree of homology (up to 66% at the amino acid level) to human sapovirus strains. (lu.se)
  • The purpose of this study was to identify and describe SaV strains in environmental samples, namely, untreated wastewater, treated wastewater, a river, and seawater, in Japan. (cdc.gov)
  • During the three-year study, 1012 AGE stool samples were analysed by TaqMan-based qPCR, to detect and quantify HAdV. (bvsalud.org)
  • Norwalk virus) in Ohio led to stool samples again being given to volunteers and serially passaged to other people. (wikipedia.org)
  • Salmonella is spread via the faecal-oral route and is most commonly transmitted by consuming contaminated food or water. (enfermedical.ie)
  • Fecal samples were collected from cases and controls as part of the Infectious Intestinal Disease (IID) study in England and were stored as frozen suspensions for 8 to 12 years. (uea.ac.uk)
  • Transmission routes are fecal-oral. (wikipedia.org)
  • Human-to-human transmission occurs via the faecal/vomitus oral route, with contaminated inanimate objects, food and water playing important roles. (patient.info)
  • The IID archive therefore represents a valuable resource for further studies, especially the investigation of the samples from which no pathogens had previously been detected. (uea.ac.uk)
  • Please note that samples suspected of containing high risk pathogens such as Mycobacterium tuberculosis should be clearly identified on the form and packed separately from other samples. (enfermedical.ie)
  • The highest prevalence was seen among piglets aged 2 to 8 weeks, and there was no significant difference in the proportion of sapovirus-positive findings for healthy animals and animals with diarrhea in Spain and Denmark (the only countries where both healthy animals and animals with diarrhea were tested). (lu.se)
  • Utilizing samples from a birth cohort, we investigated antibody and B-cell responses to GII.17 cluster variants in confirmed GII.17 infections in young children as well as demonstrated that the distinct genetic clusters co-circulate. (cdc.gov)
  • The present study shows high detection rates and genetic diversity of circulating NoVs genotypes in paediatric AGE samples from Shanghai. (researchsquare.com)
  • Infectious agents that cause enteropathies are typically transmitted via the fecal-oral route. (msdvetmanual.com)
  • Metagenomics approach based on NGS has been used to detect different infectious agents in different samples [ 8 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • 3) Metagenomic analysis of microbial populations in oropharyngeal, nasopharyngeal, and gut samples. (europeanhealthjournal.com)
  • Positive samples were genotyped by partial sequencing of the hexon gene followed by phylogenetic analysis. (bvsalud.org)
  • A total of 7 of 69 water samples were positive by reverse transcription-PCR. (cdc.gov)
  • Of the 260 swab samples collected, 6 (2.3%) samples were positive for SARS-CoV-2 RNA by reverse transcriptase quantitative polymerase chain reaction. (cdc.gov)
  • Table/counter edge and underside surfaces represented 33% (2/6) of positive samples. (cdc.gov)
  • The signal intensity from probes could reflect the content of targets after the probes specifically interact with targets in the given sample. (peertechzpublications.com)
  • In this study, we used several high throughput sequence-based methods to analyze samples from the SCID-X1 trials, with the goal of probing immune mechanisms and the resulting effects on microbial communities. (europeanhealthjournal.com)
  • This study has shown that nucleic acid can be extracted and specific sequences amplified and detected from archived fecal samples. (uea.ac.uk)
  • The first application of metagenomics study in virus discovery was the analysis of virus particles in soil samples from marine sites in San Diego [ 9 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • A total of 2173 samples were investigated over the three-year period, and we detected RVA in 7.7% of samples (n = 167), being 15.5% in 2020, 0.5% in 2021, and 13.8% in 2022. (bvsalud.org)
  • We collected swab samples from frequently touched surfaces, including grocery carts, touchscreen monitors, credit card keypads, pharmacy counters, self-service food utensils, and refrigerator and freezer handles, in two metro-Atlanta grocery stores over the course of two sampling events in March 2021. (cdc.gov)
  • A total of 69 samples were obtained, which included 12 untreated wastewater samples, 12 treated wastewater samples, 23 river samples (2 different locations), and 22 seawater samples (2 different locations) ( Figure 1 ). (cdc.gov)
  • All the samples were analyzed by conventional reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for genogroup II targeting both the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) and partial capsid genes. (researchsquare.com)
  • Water samples were obtained at different locations once a month in Miyagi Prefecture, Japan, from March 14, 2004, through February 16, 2005 ( 5 ). (cdc.gov)
  • During 2012 to 2017, NoVs were detected in 15.4% (220/1433) of the samples, with high detection rate in children aged 7-12 months (19.2%, 143/746) and in September (27.7%, 33/119). (researchsquare.com)
  • Stool sample from the patient contained in an orange-top (Cary Blair collection tube), and (if needed) an additional sample contained in a white-top collection tube. (gdilabs.com)
  • A specific case definition, based on clinical signs and gross lesions at postmortem examination, will help guide appropriate tissue sample collection and laboratory testing. (msdvetmanual.com)
  • However, metagenomics based on next-generation sequencing (NGS) technique is a target-independent assay that enables simultaneous detection and genomic characterisation of all microorganisms present in a sample. (biomedcentral.com)