• Dunnite, also known as Explosive D or systematically as ammonium picrate, is an explosive developed in 1906 by US Army Major Beverly W. Dunn, who later served as chief inspector of the Bureau of Transportation Explosives. (wikipedia.org)
  • Ammonium picrate is a salt formed by reacting picric acid and ammonia. (wikipedia.org)
  • As the solution is cooled gradually to 0C, the potassium picrate crystallizes out of it in the form of a framework of long needle-shaped crystals. (power-labs.com)
  • The final result is a mass of crystals slightly larger than what was started with in picric acid. (power-labs.com)
  • It was once widely used as a military explosive but is no longer manufactured or used in the United States (see Chapter 4). (cdc.gov)
  • It is widely known that Picric Acid should not be allowed to contact metals or their salts due to the danger of formation of metal picrates. (power-labs.com)
  • Ammunition Plant (Joliet, Illinois), based on samples of effluent gases taken in 1967, showed only nitrogen oxides and sulfuric acid mist released to the air from the bubble tower and fume recovery facilities of tetryl manufacturing operations (Army 1976). (cdc.gov)
  • The detection of picric acid in water is achieved with the sensor deposited on paper. (docksci.com)
  • Here all the chemicals used in the synthesis are seen, from left to right, back to front: Distilled water, Potassium Hydroxide, Picric Acid Solution, 50mL glass beaker, spatula, glass rod. (power-labs.com)
  • They are than filtered, whilst the solution is still cold, and washed with 30mL cold distilled water, so as to remove any traces of alkali or acid. (power-labs.com)
  • It was the first explosive used in an aerial bombing operation in military history, performed by Italian pilots in Libya in 1911. (wikipedia.org)
  • The detection of explosives has applications in various fields including military affairs, public security, and pollution concerns for humans and ecosystems. (docksci.com)
  • Hand-held and ground based sparkling devices that are non-explosive and non-aerial, and do not contain more than 100 grams of pyrotechnic composition per item. (redlanternfireworks.com)
  • Thus, surplus materials that would have to be destroyed when no longer needed are converted into a high value explosive. (wikipedia.org)
  • Ammonium picrate is a salt formed by reacting picric acid and ammonia. (wikipedia.org)
  • Dunnite can be used as a precursor to the highly stable explosive TATB (1,3,5-triamino-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene), by first dehydrating it to form picramide (attaching the ammonia as an amine group instead of an ion) and then further aminating it, using 1,1,1-trimethylhydrazinium iodide (TMHI) made from unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine rocket fuel and methyl iodide. (wikipedia.org)
  • For further information on explosive hazards of chemicals, see the National Research Council's guide, Prudent Practices in the Laboratory: Handling and Disposal of Chemicals, pages 54-57. (umn.edu)
  • A typical acid-base reaction involves the conversion of the reactants (naturally, an acid and a base) into a salt plus water. (quirkyscience.com)