• The Type VI Secretion System (T6SS) is a multiprotein device that has emerged as an important fitness and virulence factor for many Gram-negative bacteria through the injection of effector proteins into prokaryotic or eukaryotic cells via a contractile mechanism. (frontiersin.org)
  • On the heels of President Obama's announcement to increase spending on antibiotic resistance to $1.2B , researchers from Tel Aviv University (TAU) have shown that proteins embedded in bacteria by bacteriophages could lead to a new approach to fight drug resistant microbes. (outbreaknewstoday.com)
  • Bacteriophages are viruses that only infect bacteria, and are therefore one of the most common entities in the biosphere. (outbreaknewstoday.com)
  • Coevolution of bacteria and viruses has led to steep survival competition, with bacteria evolving a rudimentary "immune system" and viruses producing toxic proteins to stall bacterial evasion mechanisms. (outbreaknewstoday.com)
  • Previous data has shown that viruses encode inhibitors to prevent bacteria from replicating, therefore diverting all energy stores to producing viral proteins. (outbreaknewstoday.com)
  • The researchers concluded that protein inhibitors encoded by bacteriophage genes are a newer line in the evolutionary arms race between bacteria and viruses. (outbreaknewstoday.com)
  • This mixed bag of resistance to protein inhibitors by bacteria could lead to targeted therapies for specific antibiotic resistant infections. (outbreaknewstoday.com)
  • The researchers, led by Wen Jiang and Wah Chiu of the National Center for Macromolecular Imaging at Baylor College of Medicine, focused on viruses that infect bacteria, known as bacteriophages. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Their paper diagrams the structure of a virus that infects Salmonella bacteria. (sciencedaily.com)
  • The use of virulent bacteriophages (phages) as biological control (biocontrol) agents against bacterial pathogens is an expanding field of research aimed at producing sustainable solutions for the control of these pathogens, and to circumvent problems such as those associated with the development of multidrug-resistant bacteria [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • A highly abundant DNA binding protein whose expression is strongly correlated with the growth phase of bacteria. (childrensmercy.org)
  • Detection of nucleotide modifications in bacteria and bacteriophages: Strengths and limitations of current technologies and software. (ulaval.ca)
  • This study, carried out with a virus model system - bacteriophage (infects bacteria) PRD1 - leads the way forward in the fight against bacterial infections such as E. coli or Salmonella. (id-ea.org)
  • This research is not only interesting because it is the first time that the infection process of a member of this virus family has been described, but also because PRD1, the studied virus, infects and kills bacteria such as E. coli and Salmonella. (id-ea.org)
  • There are two important PAIs, Salmonella pathogenicity island 1 and 2 (SPI-1 and SPI-2) that encode two different type III secretion systems for the delivery of effector molecules into the host cell that result in internalization of the bacteria which then leads to systemic spread. (up.ac.za)
  • Growing concerns over food-borne disease outbreaks caused by pathogenic bacteria such as Campylobacter, Salmonella and Trichinae and the need for complying with international standards of quality in an increasingly globalized world are expected to fuel the adoption of irradiation, says the report. (foodengineeringmag.com)
  • Despite the significance of the ruminal bacteria , lytic bacteriophages (phages) capable of infecting SBSEC in the rumen have been rarely characterized. (cabi.org)
  • These bacteriophages appear to be most similar to bacteriophages that infect Pseudomonas and Ralstonia rather than Enterobacteriales bacteria by protein similarity, however, we were only able to detect infection of Erwinia and the closely related strains of Pantoea . (frontiersin.org)
  • lt;p>Bacteriophages (or phages) are viruses that infect bacteria and use their resources to reproduce. (crie.ru)
  • The therapeutic use of bacteriophages, viruses that infect and kill bacteria, is well suited to be part of the multidimensional strategies to combat antibiotic resistance. (asm.org)
  • Establishment and application of a predictive growth kinetic model of Salmonella with the appearance of two other dominant background bacteria in fresh pork. (qau.edu.cn)
  • Unique aspects of the cell surface polysaccharide of Pseudomonas phaseolicola as demonstrated by bacteriophage specificity. (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • strong>We studied DNA packaging inside the capsids of giant bacteriophages phiEL from the Myoviridae family that infect Pseudomonas aeruginosa. (crie.ru)
  • Significantly, a conserved protein domain carrying an acetyl esterase was found to be associated with at least one tail fiber gene for all Vi phages, and the presence of this domain was confirmed in representative phage particles by mass spectrometric analysis. (uea.ac.uk)
  • My research interests are in the novel approaches to infection control in medical/agriculture/industrial settings using bacteriophages aka phages. (nottingham.ac.uk)
  • In this context, we evaluated the viability and innocuity of the wild M13 bacteriophage in the intestine of chickens, with the aim to obtain an alternative for future studies in which these phages are used in therapies or vaccines. (springeropen.com)
  • Bacteriophages (phages) are viruses capable of infecting and replicating within bacterial cells. (asm.org)
  • Felix d'Herelle first coined the term "bacteriophage" ( 4 ), literally meaning "bacterium eater," and began using phages to treat bacterial infections in human patients ( Fig. 1 ). (asm.org)
  • thr operon leader peptide (STM0001) [Salmonella enterica subsp. (godziklab.org)
  • bifunctional aspartokinase I/homoserine dehydrogenase I (STM0002) [Salmonella enterica subsp. (godziklab.org)
  • homoserine kinase (STM0003) [Salmonella enterica subsp. (godziklab.org)
  • threonine synthase (STM0004) [Salmonella enterica subsp. (godziklab.org)
  • hypothetical protein (STM0005) [Salmonella enterica subsp. (godziklab.org)
  • alanine/glycine transport protein (STM0006) [Salmonella enterica subsp. (godziklab.org)
  • transaldolase B (STM0007) [Salmonella enterica subsp. (godziklab.org)
  • molybdenum cofactor biosynthesis protein MogA (STM0008) [Salmonella enterica subsp. (godziklab.org)
  • removed signalp:1-23) hypothetical protein (STM0011) [Salmonella enterica subsp. (godziklab.org)
  • molecular chaperone DnaK (STM0012) [Salmonella enterica subsp. (godziklab.org)
  • chaperone protein DnaJ (STM0013) [Salmonella enterica subsp. (godziklab.org)
  • transcriptional regulator (STM0014) [Salmonella enterica subsp. (godziklab.org)
  • bacteriophage protein (STM0015) [Salmonella enterica subsp. (godziklab.org)
  • Query: NC_011147:2676972:2688467 Salmonella enterica subsp. (up.ac.za)
  • Salmonella enterica subsp. (up.ac.za)
  • Only in the last few years has there been an extension of lab-based trials into the food production environment, where perhaps the best example is the recognition of the efficacy and the granting of 'generally recognized as safe' (GRAS) status to bacteriophages targeting Listeria monocytogenes by the United States Food and Drug Administration [ 11 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Mutations that alter the ability of Escherichia coli cyclic AMP receptor protein to activate transcription. (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • We previously developed an analytical approach to visualize protein-DNA complexes on Escherichia coli bacterial cell slices using the chemical element phosphorus as a marker. (crie.ru)
  • The presence of several pathogenicity islands (PAIs) that encode various virulence factors allows Salmonella spp. (up.ac.za)
  • During the infection process, bacteriophages can transfer foreign DNA to their host (including virulence factors), integrate into the host genome, and/or kill their host through cell lysis ( Chen and Novick, 2009 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • Characterization and Genome Sequencing of a Novel Lytic Bacteriophage Infecting Hospital-Associated Carbapenem-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae Strain from Dhaka, Bangladesh medRxiv. (nottingham.ac.uk)
  • Whole Genomic Characterization of Phage SB3 -induced Salmonella Bacteriophage-insensitive Mutants. (nottingham.ac.uk)
  • Characterization of two lytic bacteriophages, infecting Streptococcus bovis / equinus complex (SBSEC) from Korean ruminant. (cabi.org)
  • While some effector proteins specifically target bacterial or eukaryotic cells, others can target both types of cells (trans-kingdom effectors). (frontiersin.org)
  • Because of their selectivity, bacteriophages are being tested for use in treating human bacterial diseases such as Inflammatory Bowel Disease and many infections , albeit with limited success. (outbreaknewstoday.com)
  • Using high-throughput sequencing of genomic DNA of bacterial mutants resistant to common antibiotics and bacteriophage inhibitors, the researchers identified two previously known inhibitors as well as a novel inhibitor ('gene product 0.6') that prevented bacterial growth and eventually led to cell lysis. (outbreaknewstoday.com)
  • The hope is that study of these inhibitors could lead to new small molecule antibiotics that precisely target the same bacterial growth mechanisms as the inhibitory proteins. (outbreaknewstoday.com)
  • More specifically, her laboratory employs multidisciplinary approaches to study type III secretion machines, which deliver bacterial effector proteins into target host cells to induce pathogenicity. (yale.edu)
  • lt;p>Tailed bacteriophages containing double-stranded DNA phylogenetically represent the oldest and most widespread group of bacterial viruses. (crie.ru)
  • Additionally, some microorganisms, such as intestinal Salmonella, Campylobacter and Eimeria , are usually limited to the gastrointestinal tract in birds, which requires prevention or oral therapy. (springeropen.com)
  • Development of Antimicrobial Paper Coatings Containing Bacteriophages and Silver Nanoparticles for Control of Foodborne Pathogens. (ulaval.ca)
  • Research at the CIC bioGUNE, in collaboration with other European centres, has discovered a new viral phenomenon in which viruses with internal lipid vesicles and specifically bacteriophage PRD1, representative of this virus family, injects its genome into the cell to infect it. (id-ea.org)
  • 13. Viruses have (AIPMT 2014) (a) DNA enclosed in a protein coat (b) prokaryotic nucleus (c) single chromosome (d) both DNA and RNA. (recruitmenttopper.com)
  • Multiplex PCR (polymerase chain reaction) assay for detection of E. coli O157:H7, Salmonella sp. (ac.bd)
  • a high amount of the bacteriophage has been replicated in a modified E. coli (Barbas et al. (springeropen.com)
  • Constructing and Characterizing Bacteriophage Libraries for Phage Therapy of Human Infections. (cdc.gov)
  • In this study, we isolated and characterized the first bacteriophage infecting Oceanospirillum , vB_OliS_GJ44. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Whole genome sequencing of bacteriophages suitable for biocontrol of pathogens in food products is a pre-requisite to any phage-based intervention procedure. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In addition, mutation or altered and OmpF porin proteins, and 1 showed decreased pro- expression of outer membrane proteins constituting porins duction of both. (cdc.gov)
  • In both cases, we membrane proteins were differentially solubilized for 20 excluded duplicate strains from the same patient. (cdc.gov)
  • The virus manages to form the tubes by restructuring the icosahedral capsid and remodelling the internal vesicle, which is rich in membrane proteins," Abrescia declares. (id-ea.org)
  • This mechanism involves the formation of a tube generated with pre-existing lipids and proteins in the structure of the virus. (id-ea.org)
  • Protein-protein interactions (PPIs) are physical contacts of high specificity established between two or more protein molecules as a result of biochemical events steered by interactions that include electrostatic forces, hydrogen bonding and the hydrophobic effect. (wikipedia.org)
  • 2022. Cryo-EM structure of ssDNA bacteriophage ΦCjT23 provides insight into early virus evolution. (ulaval.ca)
  • E.C. Esteves & Scharf B.E. (2022) Flagellotropic bacteriophages: opportunities and challenges for antimicrobial applications. (vt.edu)
  • In addition, there is limited information regarding the repertoire of effector proteins encoded within T6SS SPI-6 and T6SS SPI-19 gene clusters in S . Dublin. (frontiersin.org)
  • F. Gonzalez & Scharf B.E. (2021) Identification of receptor binding proteins in flagellotropic Agrobacterium Phage 7-7-1. (vt.edu)
  • Of note, the genes encoding these effectors and immunity proteins are widely distributed in Salmonella genomes, suggesting a relevant role in interbacterial competition and virulence. (frontiersin.org)
  • Many molecular processes within a cell are carried out by molecular machines that are built from numerous protein components organized by their PPIs. (wikipedia.org)
  • All this information enables the creation of large protein interaction networks - similar to metabolic or genetic/epigenetic networks - that empower the current knowledge on biochemical cascades and molecular etiology of disease, as well as the discovery of putative protein targets of therapeutic interest. (wikipedia.org)
  • Of the three tail spikes, two have protein domains associated with the pectate lyase family of proteins (Tsp2) and P22 tail spike family (Tsp3) with the prospect that these enable Salmonella O antigen degradation. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Here we characterize eight lytic bacteriophages of E. amylovora that we isolated from the Wasatch front (Utah, United States) that are highly similar to vB_EamM_Ea35-70 which was isolated in Ontario, Canada. (frontiersin.org)
  • Analyses of the proteins encoded within this region by ΦSH19 revealed a cluster of three putative tail spikes. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Their proteomes are highly unstudied, with over 200 putative proteins with no known homologs. (frontiersin.org)
  • The production of 27 of these putative proteins was confirmed by mass spectrometry analysis. (frontiersin.org)
  • Salmonellosis caused by the Salmonella bacterium is the most common example of foodborne infections, which remain a global public health problem, with over 600. (pasteur.fr)
  • In Salmonella , five T6SS gene clusters have been identified within pathogenicity islands SPI-6, SPI-19, SPI-20, SPI-21, and SPI-22, which are differentially distributed among serotypes. (frontiersin.org)
  • Several enzymes, carrier proteins, scaffolding proteins, and transcriptional regulatory factors carry out their functions as homo-oligomers. (wikipedia.org)
  • Each antibacterial effector gene is located upstream of a gene encoding a hypothetic immunity protein, thus conforming an effector/immunity (E/I) module. (frontiersin.org)
  • Marine bacteriophages play key roles in the community structure of microorganisms, biogeochemical cycles, and the mediation of genetic diversity through horizontal gene transfer. (biomedcentral.com)
  • This invention relates to the cloning and expression of autogenes encoding RNA polymerases of T7 and T7-like bacteriophages, in which the RNA polymerase gene is transcribed from a promoter which is recognized by the encoded RNA polymerase. (justia.com)
  • Expression systems for producing the RNA polymerases of T7 and other T7-like bacteriophages, and expression systems for producing selected gene products are described, as well as other related materials and methods. (justia.com)
  • 1. An autogene, comprising a gene encoding a T7-like bacteriophage RNA polymerase under the control of an autogene promoter recognized by said polymerase. (justia.com)
  • The bacteriophage M13 is a filamentous phage that displays peptides linked to the minor coat protein III gene. (springeropen.com)
  • Salmonella, Chlamydia, and Helicobacter pylori ). (cshlpress.com)
  • strong>Giant phiKZ-like bacteriophages have a unique protein formation inside the capsid, an inner body (IB) with supercoiled DNA molecule wrapped around it. (crie.ru)
  • They were named after the scientist Dr. Daniel Salmon who isolated the first organism, Salmonella choleraesuis, from the intestine of a pig. (up.ac.za)
  • The photographs clearly show a long coil of DNA dangling inside the viral shell, waiting to be ejected via a protein channel just inside the shell exterior. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Combined with the eight environmental viral contigs from metagenomics, this study helps fill the gap in our understanding of the isolation, genomic and evolutionary development of Oceanospirillum bacteriophages and provides new insights into the interactions between hosts and bacteriophages for these important marine hydrocarbon-degrading microbial populations. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Replication of SARS-CoV-2, the virus responsible for COVID-19, depends on a series of interactions between viral proteins and different cellular partners such. (pasteur.fr)
  • The addition or exchange of tail spike protein modules is a major contributor to host range determination in the Vi01-like phage family. (biomedcentral.com)
  • These interactions between proteins are dependent on highly specific binding between proteins to ensure efficient electron transfer. (wikipedia.org)
  • More recent work on the phylogeny of the reductase has shown that these residues involved in protein-protein interactions have been conserved throughout the evolution of this enzyme. (wikipedia.org)
  • Another important distinction to identify protein-protein interactions is the way they have been determined, since there are techniques that measure direct physical interactions between protein pairs, named "binary" methods, while there are other techniques that measure physical interactions among groups of proteins, without pairwise determination of protein partners, named "co-complex" methods. (wikipedia.org)
  • Protein subunits assembly is guided by the establishment of non-covalent interactions in the quaternary structure of the protein. (wikipedia.org)
  • These jumbo bacteriophages were further characterized through genomic and proteomic comparison, mass spectrometry, host range and burst size. (frontiersin.org)