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RumenMetagenomeMicrobiotaGastrointestinal TractBacteriaMetagenomicsRNA, Ribosomal, 16SFusobacteriaBiodiversityMouthBiotaFatty Acids, VolatileProteobacteriaSequence Analysis, DNAMicrobial ConsortiaFecesPhylogenyCiliophoraFermentationAnimal FeedIntestinesCattleReticulumSheepBacteroidetesRuminococcusMethanobrevibacterRuminantsActinobacteriaRhizosphereQuackeryVaginaDigestionBacterial Physiological PhenomenaDNA, BacterialBilophilaSynbioticsSymbiosisProbioticsPrebioticsAbomasumFungiDietCluster AnalysisPrincipal Component AnalysisMethaneVaccines, Live, UnattenuatedEukaryotaPseudomonadaceaeDNA, RibosomalStomach, RuminantFibrobacterGerm-Free LifeSilageBacteroidesAcidobacteriaDNA Barcoding, TaxonomicInflammatory Bowel DiseasesHealthBacterial LoadMicrobial InteractionsNitrogenCecumHigh-Throughput Nucleotide SequencingRNA, BacterialDenaturing Gradient Gel ElectrophoresisGenome, BacterialBacterial TranslocationPoaceaeCellulasesAnimal Nutritional Physiological PhenomenaLorisidaeIsopteraVeillonellaceaeOmasumCelluloseArchaeaGastrointestinal ContentsMolecular Sequence DataButyrivibrioAmmoniaEcological Parameter MonitoringAtriplexDietary FiberMedicago sativaSeaweedPeptococcaceaePropionatesCarbohydrate MetabolismHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationSalivaPan paniscusCellulosomesEnterocolitis, NecrotizingGenomicsProchloronGram-Negative Anaerobic BacteriaEcosystemDysbiosisUrogenital System
MicrobiotaFermentationRuminantsMicroorganismsMicrobesMetagenomeAnaerobicCattleRuminantAcetateVolatile fattyOmasumMetabolicRuminalCowsBovineRRNABacterialDigestionIntestinalAdditionallyBacteriaCharacteristicsVitroDiversityEnvironmentalSyntheticCarbohydrateDietaryBiologicalIntakeExtensivelyConsumptionFloraDigestiveInvestigationInteractionsSpecimensStudyHostHigherEnvironment
Microbiota16
  • These previous metagenomic studies were based on microbiota profiles mostly identified using sequence polymorphisms of the 16S rRNA gene and therefore did not consider the functional versatility of unique rumen microbial species, nor the ability of some microbial organisms to integrate foreign DNA from other microbial organisms into their DNA. (nature.com)
  • Background: Rumen microbiota in ruminants are vital for sustaining good rumen ecology, health, and productivity. (dspacedirect.org)
  • Moreover, Tax4fun metagenome estimation revealed that microbial genes associated with energy requirement and carbohydrate metabolic fate were overexpressed in the rumen microbiota of H yaks. (dspacedirect.org)
  • It all happens inside the rumen, a huge fermenter, which hosts a rich and diverse microbiota. (lallemandanimalnutrition.com)
  • Grass-based diets can challenge rumen microbiota and the rumen environment. (lallemandanimalnutrition.com)
  • For instance, during turn-out to grass, ruminal subacute acidosis (SARA) can negatively affect rumen microbiota. (lallemandanimalnutrition.com)
  • Rumen microbiota was analyzed using 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing (link to scientist corner). (lallemandanimalnutrition.com)
  • Effect of the live yeast supplement on the rumen microbiota populations, before and after feeding. (lallemandanimalnutrition.com)
  • In addition to microbiota analysis, the investigators looked into the rumen fermentation profiles. (lallemandanimalnutrition.com)
  • Altogether, this showed that specific live yeast modulates the rumen microbiota of beef raised under extensive pasture conditions and fed low degradable grass fiber. (lallemandanimalnutrition.com)
  • Productivity of ruminants can be increased by manipulating rumen microbiota, which has been studied extensively focusing on rumen health and animal performance [ 2 ]. (degruyter.com)
  • In this experiment, we investigated the effect of 'green odour' products typical of those released from fresh forage postabiotic and biotic stresses on the rumen microbiota and lipid metabolism. (aber.ac.uk)
  • Hydroperoxyoctadecatrienoic acid, T and HPT released due to plant stress potentially have an antimicrobial effect on the rumen microbiota, which may explain the decreased biohydrogenation in vitro. (aber.ac.uk)
  • abstract = "AimsIn this experiment, we investigated the effect of {\textquoteleft}green odour{\textquoteright} products typical of those released from fresh forage postabiotic and biotic stresses on the rumen microbiota and lipid metabolism.Methods and ResultsHydroperoxyoctadecatrienoic acid (HP), a combination of salicylic and jasmonic acid (T), and a combination of both (HPT) were incubated in vitro in the presence of freeze-dried ground silage and rumen fluid, under rumen-like conditions. (aber.ac.uk)
  • The composition of the gut microbiota is linked to the adaptation of the host to its environment, and this study underscores the importance of incorporating climatic factors such as elevation and ambient temperature, in empirical microbiome research and is the first to describe the rodent gut microbiome from the GRV. (microbial-ecology.net)
  • These tiny beings are of central importance, and experts refer to them as intestinal microbiota or the microbiome. (vetscite.org)
Fermentation6
Ruminants8
  • In contrast, the genomic selection that targets the part of the host genome modulating microbiome composition related to low CH 4 -emitting cattle opens up the opportunity to provide a cost-effective permanent solution to reduce CH 4 emissions from ruminants. (nature.com)
  • In this study, the rumen content from cattle ( Bos taurus ) was investigated regarding synthetic polyester hydrolyzing enzymes based on the fact that the diet of ruminants may contain natural plant polyesters. (frontiersin.org)
  • The researchers were looking to find a bacterium that demethoxylated phenolic acids in the gut of ruminants, and this species was found to be the most prevalent prokaryote in the rumen to do such a process. (wikipedia.org)
  • The rumen microbiome is composed of complex and diverse groups of microorganisms, which are responsible for converting fibrous plant materials into energy used by the ruminants. (springeropen.com)
  • 2018 ). Enterococcus faecium helps in maintaining the activity of lactate-utilizing bacteria and stimulates the growth of rumen microbes, which can, in turn, increase the glucogenic propionate energy supply for host ruminants (Pang et al. (springeropen.com)
  • Although plant derivatives have shown promise in reducing enteric methane (CH 4 ) emissions from ruminants in short-term studies, investigation on possible rumen microbial adaptation to these compounds is still limited. (annexpublishers.co)
  • The most severe type of indigestion, acute rumen acidosis (also known as lactic acidosis, toxic indigestion, grain overload, rumen overload, and acute carbohydrate engorgement of ruminants) is brought on by consuming too much concentrate feed that is rapidly fermentable or by abruptly switching to a diet that contains more finely ground, quickly fermentable feeds, like maize or wheat. (srpublication.com)
  • Several attempts have been made to stimulate rumen development in ruminants for early weaning and to avoid gastrointestinal disturbances due to the transition feeding period [ 11 ]. (degruyter.com)
Microorganisms2
Microbes4
  • Similar to many microbes that live within the rumen of grazing hosts, S. sucromutans depends on the steady supply of nutrients from the animal's breakdown of food or the products of other neighboring microbes. (wikipedia.org)
  • We concluded that rumen microbes adapted to carvacrol and thymol. (annexpublishers.co)
  • 7 ], after applying carvacrol at a low dose (2.2 mg/l) in a continuous culture system suggested that rumen microbes could adapt to carvacrol. (annexpublishers.co)
  • The first stomach, called the rumen, is where food is softened and fermented with the help of microbes. (americanpoliticnews.com)
Metagenome4
  • Of 1,107/225/1,141 rumen microbial genera/metagenome assembled uncultured genomes (RUGs)/genes identified from whole metagenomics sequencing, 194/14/337 had significant host genomic effects (heritabilities ranging from 0.13 to 0.61), revealing that substantial variation of the microbiome is under host genomic control. (nature.com)
  • Novel microbial species in the rumen have recently been identified using metagenome-assembled genomes generated from whole metagenomic sequence data of microbial DNA from rumen samples 8 , 34 , but how their abundances are shaped by host genomics is still unknown. (nature.com)
  • Shotgun metagenome analysis of the rumen microbiome revealed the real proportion of all domains of life, showing the dominance of bacteria (98%), followed by Eukaryota (1%) and finally Archaea. (frontiersin.org)
  • The presence of organisms from all major superkingdoms in varying degrees of abundance makes the rumen an excellent model for a complex, partially characterized metagenome system. (biomedcentral.com)
Anaerobic3
  • Enterococci are ubiquitous and facultative anaerobes, which means that they can be easily cultivated and proliferate under aerobic conditions during production as well as under the anaerobic conditions found inside the rumen. (springeropen.com)
  • Rapid acid buildup causes the rumen to osmotically pull water in, drying the cow and promoting systemic L-lactate synthesis through improved anaerobic metabolism. (srpublication.com)
  • In the rumen, anaerobic organisms, including methanogens, digest cellulose into forms nutritious to the animal. (wikipedia.org)
Cattle3
  • Cattle that have been badly affected have metabolic acidosis and peripheral acidemia due to dehydration, bicarbonate titration, hypotension, and high levels of D- and L-lactic acid in the rumen and blood (Gressley et al. (srpublication.com)
  • 2011). Some of the neurologic symptoms and hypotension may be explained by cattle with significant ruminal acidosis having consistently high levels of rumen ammonia and histamine, respectively. (srpublication.com)
  • We describe a method that adds long-read sequencing to a mix of technologies used to assemble a highly complex cattle rumen microbial community, and provide a comparison to short read-based methods. (biomedcentral.com)
Ruminant2
  • The Lallemand Ruminant Center of Excellence has pioneered metagenomic research into the interactions of live yeast probiotic with the rumen ecosystem. (lallemandanimalnutrition.com)
  • Early weaning occurs between 3.5 and 5.5 weeks of age, when the rumen is developing and thus in transition to ruminant, body growth and fat deposition are affected, which may reduce feed intake and growth rate, with high plasma non-ester fatty acid (NEFA) levels as an indicator of lipid mobilization [ 13 ]. (degruyter.com)
Acetate2
  • In some circumstances, for instance in the rumen, where acetate is largely absorbed into the bloodstream of the host, the contribution of H2 to methanogenesis is greater. (wikipedia.org)
  • The Tibetan sheep had higher rumen concentrations of total SCFA, acetate, butyrate and iso-acids but lower concentrations of propionate than small-tailed Han sheep. (cambridge.org)
Volatile fatty2
  • To address this, we investigated the diet, rumen bacterial community, and volatile fatty acids (VFA) of rumen fluid of yaks raised in the great Qinghai-Tibet plateau (QTP) at 2800 (low altitude, L), 3700 (middle altitude, M), and 4700 m (high altitude, H) above sea level. (dspacedirect.org)
  • With efficiency unrivaled by most abiotic industrial processes, the protists, archaea, bacteria, and fungi that make up the rumen microbial community are able to process cellulose and other plant biopolymers into byproducts, such as volatile fatty acids (VFA), that can be utilized by the host. (biomedcentral.com)
Omasum1
Metabolic1
  • The focus of the group is to reveal metabolic crosstalk between the host and microbiome, as well as the metabolic exchange within the microbiome. (ufz.de)
Ruminal4
  • Growth should be seen within 3 to 4 weeks if the above medium containing ruminal fluid is used. (wikipedia.org)
  • The main compounds that S. sucromutans must obtain from such ruminal fluid are phospholipids. (wikipedia.org)
  • It is even able to thrive without a ruminal fluid supplement if provided with phospholipids and fatty acids via a preparation such as 60% pure phosphatidylcholine. (wikipedia.org)
  • In addition, it requires ruminal fluid in order to maintain optimal growth. (wikipedia.org)
Cows5
  • These bacteria can be found forming small chains in the habitat where it was first isolated, the rumen of cows. (wikipedia.org)
  • The impact of dosing newborn and pre-weaned calves with rumen fluid from cows with different milk production efficiency status on intake, structural growth, and feed efficiency at different stages of growth is being evaluated in a long-term, collaborative study (Objective 1). (usda.gov)
  • Further, It includes a list of rumen microbial proteins characterized in rumen fluid samples collected from Holstein dairy cows fed with varying peuNDF240 and RFS content in the diet. (mendeley.com)
  • The effect of physically effective undegradable neutral detergent fiber and rumen fermentable starch on lactating Holstein cows. (mendeley.com)
  • Herein, we investigated the potential links between the gut microbiome and postpartum immunosuppression in periparturient dairy cows with excessive lipolysis using single immune cell transcriptome, 16S amplicon sequencing, metagenomics, and targeted metabolomics. (biomedcentral.com)
Bovine1
  • The bovine rumen is an organ that serves as the site of symbiosis between the cow and microbial species from all three taxonomic superkingdoms of life that are dedicated to the degradation of highly recalcitrant plant polymers [ 13 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
RRNA1
  • We confirmed host phylogeny using the sequencing method and analyzed the influence of host phylogeny and bioclimatic zone parameters on the rodent gut microbiome using high-throughput amplicon sequencing of 16S rRNA gene fragments. (microbial-ecology.net)
Bacterial4
  • Bacteria including Christensenellaceae_R-7_group, Ruminococcus_1, Romboutsia, Alloprevotella, Eubacterium coprostanoligenes, Clostridium, Streptococcus, and Treponema were found to be enriched in the rumen of yaks grazing at H. They also showed higher rumen microbial diversity and total VFA concentrations than those shown by yaks at M and L. Principal coordinates analysis (PCoA) on weighted UniFrac distances revealed that the bacterial community structure of rumen differed between the three altitudes. (dspacedirect.org)
  • At the genus level, Prevotella (15-17%) and Methanobrevibacter (96%) dominated the bacterial and archaeal communities of the in vitro rumen fermenta, respectively. (springeropen.com)
  • In this method we are able to screen the entire metabolome of a specific sample type such as body fluids, tissue samples, bacterial and cellular model system and environmental samples. (ufz.de)
  • Thomas Clavel from ZIEL and colleagues describe a new resource in "Nature Microbiology" which, for the first time, contains a hundred cultured bacterial strains from the mouse gut microbiome. (vetscite.org)
Digestion1
Intestinal1
  • Solubilizing strategies have been proposed to improve the oral BA of Cur so that Cur can cross the unstirred layer in the intestinal rumen. (researchgate.net)
Additionally2
  • Additionally, rumen fluid hydrolyzed the bio-based polyester poly(ethylene furanoate) (PEF) according to HPLC and SEM analysis. (frontiersin.org)
  • Additionally, the rumen mucosa is harmed by chemical or acid rumenitis, allowing endotoxins and germs to escape into the portal circulation as well as plasma transudation into the rumen. (srpublication.com)
Bacteria3
  • Rumen NH 3 -N concentration is closely linked to cellulolytic bacteria abundance and activity, and the Fibrobacteres in particular. (lallemandanimalnutrition.com)
  • We will be making our work available to scientists around the world and hope that others will also help to find the pieces to complete the puzzle," said Clavel, who has been researching various bacteria in gut microbiomes at the TU Munich for ten years. (vetscite.org)
  • We still have a lot of gaps in our knowledge about gut microbiomes, but with the publicly available database of cultured mouse gut bacteria and their genetic material, we are now a little closer to our goal," Thomas Clavel from the TUM stated enthusiastically. (vetscite.org)
Characteristics1
  • Thus, our objective was to evaluate the effects of diets enriched in resistant starch or fibers on the fecal characteristics, microbiome, and metabolite profiles of cats. (biomedcentral.com)
Vitro2
  • The objective of this study was to assess the possibility of mixed rumen microbial adaptation to antimethanogenic plant derivatives over relatively long-term in vitro incubation. (annexpublishers.co)
  • Hydroperoxyoctadecatrienoic acid (HP), a combination of salicylic and jasmonic acid (T), and a combination of both (HPT) were incubated in vitro in the presence of freeze-dried ground silage and rumen fluid, under rumen-like conditions. (aber.ac.uk)
Diversity2
  • The rumen microbial community, diversity, and quantity vary depending on the host's dietary composition and dry matter intake. (springeropen.com)
  • However, the effects of these variables on the diversity and richness of the gut microbiome in different bioclimatic zones remain underexplored. (microbial-ecology.net)
Environmental1
  • The presence of the above-mentioned phyla and their functions are known to differ among individuals depending on living environment, dietary habits, and other environmental exposures [ 3 ], but more research is needed to test how specific factors impact inter-individual GI microbiomes and how they influence host physiology. (biomedcentral.com)
Synthetic1
  • Rumen fluid hydrolyzed synthetic aromatic polyesters with higher amounts of terephthalic acid released from poly(butylene adipate- co -terephthalate) (PBAT) (0.75 and 0.5 mM for polymer powder and film, respectively) and thus exceeded when compared to the hydrolysis of the second terephthalic acid-based polymer-poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) (0.6 and 0.15 mM, for powder and film, reciprocally). (frontiersin.org)
Carbohydrate1
  • Even though domestic cats and other carnivores evolved by eating low-carbohydrate diets rich in protein and fat, our results demonstrate that the feline microbiome and metabolite profiles are highly responsive to dietary change and in directions that are predictable. (biomedcentral.com)
Dietary1
Biological5
  • We demonstrate novel techniques that work synergistically to improve characterization of biological features in a highly complex rumen microbial community. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Description: Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay based on the Double-antibody Sandwich method for detection of Human Colony Stimulating Factor 3, Granulocyte (GCSF) in samples from serum, plasma, tissue homogenates, cell lysates, cell culture supernates and other biological fluids with no significant corss-reactivity with analogues from other species. (novosides.eu)
  • Description: A sandwich ELISA kit for detection of Colony Stimulating Factor 3, Granulocyte from Human in samples from blood, serum, plasma, cell culture fluid and other biological fluids. (novosides.eu)
  • Description: A sandwich quantitative ELISA assay kit for detection of Rat Colony Stimulating Factor 3, Granulocyte (GCSF) in samples from serum, plasma, tissue homogenates, cell lysates, cell culture supernates or other biological fluids. (novosides.eu)
  • Description: This is Double-antibody Sandwich Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of Rat Colony Stimulating Factor 3, Granulocyte (GCSF) in serum, plasma, tissue homogenates, cell lysates, cell culture supernates and other biological fluids. (novosides.eu)
Intake1
  • This portion of the study will evaluate how the dosing of different rumen inoculums may impact feed intake, body weight, and structural growth of the calves from weaning until calving at approximately two years of age. (usda.gov)
Extensively1
Consumption1
  • The aim of the present study was to gain insight into how the rumen epithelium of Tibetan sheep has adapted to the consumption of low-energy-level diets. (cambridge.org)
Flora1
  • Both the quantity and kind of concentrate are crucial, but even a few pounds of a finely ground concentrate like barley could be hazardous if the cow's rumen flora is not accustomed to the substance. (srpublication.com)
Digestive1
Investigation1
  • The analyses cover a wide range of topics, from the investigation of the host-microbiome interaction to effects of chemicals on organ or cellular level. (ufz.de)
Interactions1
  • In addition to constant method improvement and development, our research focuses on the effects of chemicals and, in particular, on microbiome-host interactions in health and disease. (ufz.de)
Specimens2
  • Description: Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Real Time RT-PCR Kit is used for the qualitative detection of a novel coronavirus, which was identified in 2019 at Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China, in upper respiratory tract specimens (nasopharyngeal extracts, deep cough sputum, etc.) and lower respiratory tract specimens (alveoli irrigation fluid, etc.) by real time PCR systems. (trancheproject.org)
  • Verified SARS-CoV-2 cases have been recognized as a beneficial result of a high-throughput sequencing or RT-PCR assay for respiratory specimens such as nasal/pharyngeal swab specimens , saliva specimens , bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, or as a positive outcome of IgM/IgG anti-SARS-CoV-2 or titer anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies during recovery was four times or higher than in the acute period. (cd-genomics.com)
Study1
  • Our study provides substantial evidence that the host genome affects the comprehensive function of the microbiome in the rumen of bovines. (nature.com)
Host4
  • Only one of these microbial genes was directly involved in methanogenesis ( cofG ), whereas others were involved in providing substrates for archaea (e.g. bcd and pccB ), important microbial interspecies communication mechanisms ( ABC.PE.P ), host-microbiome interaction ( TSTA3 ) and genetic information processes ( RP-L35 ). (nature.com)
  • Long-read alignments and Hi-C linkage between contigs support the identification of 188 novel virus-host associations and the determination of phage life cycle states in the rumen microbial community. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Host phylogeny and the environment play vital roles in shaping animal microbiomes. (microbial-ecology.net)
  • This is a highly limiting factor for research, because it complicates the annotation of data obtained by molecular techniques, and because it has been shown that gut microbiomes are to some extent specific to their host, and researchers have been using strains of other origin in mouse models. (vetscite.org)
Higher1
  • In our population, selection based on abundances of the 30 most informative microbial genes provided a mitigation potential of 17% of mean CH 4 emissions per generation, which is higher than for selection based on measured CH 4 using respiration chambers (13%), indicating the high potential of microbiome-driven breeding to cumulatively reduce CH 4 emissions and mitigate climate change. (nature.com)
Environment1
  • S. sucromutans is a mesophile with a growth optimal temperature ranging from 35-42 °C and a growth range of 30-44 °C. The pH range for this Bacillota is close to neutral, 6.0-7.6, and will optimally grow in a slightly acidic environment, such as the rumen of a cow, at pH 6.4. (wikipedia.org)