Rrna gene s ribosomal rna. Medical search. Frequent questions

The most prominent examples of RNA genes are transfer RNA (tRNA) and ribosomal RNA (rRNA), both of which are involved in the process of translation. (wikipedia.org)
Also repeats, transfer RNA (tRNA) and ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes were annotated. (escholarship.org)
These products are often proteins, but in non-protein coding genes such as ribosomal RNA (rRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), or small nuclear RNA (snRNA) genes, the product is a functional RNA. (nutritionaloutlook.com)
DEFINITION Acer distylum AY-b chloroplast genes for photosystem II protein D1, psbA-trnH IGS, tRNA-His. (nig.ac.jp)
Functionally, cells contain a variety of forms of RNA including: messenger RNA or mRNA, transfer RNA or tRNA, and ribosomal RNA or rRNA. (cdc.gov)

Each assay is based on an endpoint PCR amplification of a species-specific genetic region of the relevant microbe or a region of an individual microbial gene. (qiagen.com)
The distributional patterns of microbial genes suggested Dead Sea community trends in mono- and divalent cation metabolisms as well as in transposable elements. (nature.com)
The authors used the now-familiar molecular techniques of microbial ecology (16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene amplicon sequencing) to characterise bacterial communities in sputum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid collected from a large and well-matched cohort of patients with non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis. (ersjournals.com)
In this study, culture-based methods and small subunit ribosomal RNA gene clone library approach were used to characterize microbial communities in MRF bulk fluid and associated biofilm samples collected from fluid systems in an automobile engine plant. (cdc.gov)
Baseline gut microbial composition (16S rRNA sequencing) and metabolic capacity (PICRUSt) were determined. (medscape.com)

RNAP will preferentially release its RNA transcript at specific DNA sequences encoded at the end of genes, which are known as terminators. (wikipedia.org)
Also, TaqI and BamHI restriction fragments containing 5S and 18S-5.8S-26S rRNA sequences were identified as positive markers specific to Th. (nih.gov)
These results emphasize the important point that effective identity of 16S rRNA sequences is not necessarily a sufficient criterion to guarantee species identity. (microbiologyresearch.org)
Thus, although 16S rRNA sequences can be used routinely to distinguish and establish relationships between genera and well-resolved species, very recently diverged species may not be recognizable. (microbiologyresearch.org)
Rapid determination of 16S ribosomal RNA sequences for phylogenetic analyses. (microbiologyresearch.org)
RNA molecules which hybridize to complementary sequences in either RNA or DNA altering the function of the latter. (genomicglossaries.com)
Prediction of taxonomy for marker gene sequences such as 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) is a fundamental task in microbiology. (peerj.com)
A Better Way to Find RNA Virus Needles in the Proverbial Database Haystacks Researchers combed through more than 5,000 data sets of RNA sequences generated from diverse environmental samples around the world, resulting in a five-fold increase of RNA virus diversity. (doe.gov)
In contrast to metagenomic detection of unknown pathogens which sequences all available genetic material, 16S sequencing specifically targets the small ribosomal subunit. (folkhalsomyndigheten.se)

Products of RNAP include: Messenger RNA (mRNA)-template for the synthesis of proteins by ribosomes. (wikipedia.org)
The proteins produced from the TCOF1 , POLR1C , and POLR1D genes all appear to play important roles in the early development of bones and other tissues of the face. (medlineplus.gov)
These proteins are involved in the production of a molecule called ribosomal RNA (rRNA), a chemical cousin of DNA. (medlineplus.gov)
The obvious next step is to integrate this information and learn how genes, proteins, and/or epigenetic factors influence the phenotype of a disease in context of the system. (rsc.org)
In addition to the host regulatory mechanisms response to disease, the microbiome can make changes to the expression of the host features such as their genes, proteins, and/or PTMs. (rsc.org)
More than half of all human genes are alternatively spliced, so it is expected that alternative pre- mRNA splicing will be responsible for the identification of more than 90 percent of all human proteins. (genomicglossaries.com)
Nonetheless, MDM2 is in turn regulated by ribosomal proteins (RPs) that binds and suppress the MDM2 E3 ubiquitin ligase activity resulting in the stabilization and activation of p53 [9]. (nanoker-society.org)
These ribosomal proteins are found in stoichiometric amounts in the.Approximately 10 L of the extracted DNA was run on 1% gel electrophoresis and visualized under Gel Doc (Bio-rad, Hercules, CA, US). (nanoker-society.org)
This balance is maintained by the combinatorial activity of transcription factors and chromatin proteins that dictate the transcription of coding gene networks instructing fate choice decisions. (upenn.edu)
EVs are small lipid-membrane covered particles and contain RNA, lipids and proteins. (bvsalud.org)

EMG1 involved in 40S ribosomal subunit biogenesis. (thermofisher.com)

Because alternative RNA splicing allows different types of mRNA molecules to be created from a single gene, it generates the diversity of protein function and structure that is essential to complex organisms. (genomicglossaries.com)
High- fidelity mRNA amplification for gene profiling. (genomicglossaries.com)
RNA-like oligonucleotides that are complementary to a portion of a target mRNA molecule. (genomicglossaries.com)
More specifically, antisense oligonucleotides that are useful as reagents for target validation , or as drugs, are engineered molecules that differ from natural RNA but that have a base sequence that is recognized as being complementary to a very specific mRNA sequence. (genomicglossaries.com)
A complementary RNA sequence that binds to a naturally occurring (sense) mRNA molecule, thus blocking its translation. (genomicglossaries.com)
Highly specific and effective gene silencing of any disease can be achieved by an accurate knowledge of the target mRNA sequence and rational design of its complementary antisense agents for the downregulation of its protein message. (genomicglossaries.com)
RNA sequencing of microRNAs (miRNAs) derived from EVs (EV-miRNAs) and mRNA transcripts from blood cells was used for the construction of signaling networks reflecting endocannabinoid and miRNA communication by EVs to target immune cells. (bvsalud.org)

and, RNA silencing Catalytic RNA (ribozyme) Functions as an enzymatically active RNA molecule. (wikipedia.org)
DEFINITION Mus musculus 129SVJ mNB-3 gene for neural recognition molecule NB-3, exon 1 and promoter region. (nig.ac.jp)
RNA is a single-strand nucleic acid which, while more unstable than DNA, allows flexibility to bend back on itself forming weak bonds with another part of the same molecule. (cdc.gov)

In molecular biology, RNA polymerase (abbreviated RNAP or RNApol), or more specifically DNA-directed/dependent RNA polymerase (DdRP), is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reactions that synthesize RNA from a DNA template. (wikipedia.org)
RNA polymerase is essential to life, and is found in all living organisms and many viruses. (wikipedia.org)
Depending on the organism, a RNA polymerase can be a protein complex (multi-subunit RNAP) or only consist of one subunit (single-subunit RNAP, ssRNAP), each representing an independent lineage. (wikipedia.org)
Bacteria and archaea only have one RNA polymerase. (wikipedia.org)
Eukaryotes have multiple types of nuclear RNAP, each responsible for synthesis of a distinct subset of RNA: RNA polymerase I synthesizes a pre-rRNA 45S (35S in yeast), which matures and will form the major RNA sections of the ribosome. (wikipedia.org)
RNA polymerase II synthesizes precursors of mRNAs and most sRNA and microRNAs. (wikipedia.org)
RNA polymerase III synthesizes tRNAs, rRNA 5S and other small RNAs found in the nucleus and cytosol. (wikipedia.org)
The 2006 Nobel Prize in Chemistry was awarded to Roger D. Kornberg for creating detailed molecular images of RNA polymerase during various stages of the transcription process. (wikipedia.org)
In most prokaryotes, a single RNA polymerase species transcribes all types of RNA. (wikipedia.org)
RNA polymerase "core" from E. coli consists of five subunits: two alpha (α) subunits of 36 kDa, a beta (β) subunit of 150 kDa, a beta prime subunit (β′) of 155 kDa, and a small omega (ω) subunit. (wikipedia.org)
The core RNA polymerase complex forms a "crab claw" or "clamp-jaw" structure with an internal channel running along the full length. (wikipedia.org)
c-Myc binds to human ribosomal DNA and stimulates transcription of rRNA genes by RNA polymerase I. (fhcrc.org)
Grandori, Carla and Gomez-Roman, Natividad and Felton-Edkins, Zoe A and Ngouenet, Celine and Galloway, Denise A and Eisenman, Robert N and White, Robert J (2005) c-Myc binds to human ribosomal DNA and stimulates transcription of rRNA genes by RNA polymerase I. Nature cell biology, 7 (3). (fhcrc.org)
c-Myc coordinates cell growth and division through a transcriptional programme that involves both RNA polymerase (Pol) II- and Pol III-transcribed genes. (fhcrc.org)
87(5): 1663-1667] Specifically, the investigators started by priming whole cerebellar RNA with a synthetic oligonucleotide containing a T7 RNA polymerase promoter sequence. (genomicglossaries.com)
After second- strand cDNA synthesis, T7 RNA polymerase was used to generate aRNA. (genomicglossaries.com)
Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis of the ribosomal RNA gene internal transcribed spacer-1 (ITS1) was used. (who.int)
Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) forms the majority of cellular RNA, and its transcription in the nucleolus by RNA Polymerase I from ribosomal DNA (rDNA) repeats accounts for the bulk of all transcription. (upenn.edu)
The Paralkar Lab has identified that key hematopoietic and leukemic transcription factors bind to rDNA and regulate rRNA transcription, and we are interested in understanding how the binding of cell-type-specific transcription factors regulates the activity of Polymerase I and the transcription of rRNA in normal hematopoiesis, and how this regulation is co-opted in leukemia to drive abundant ribosome biogenesis. (upenn.edu)

The genome is expected to encode 8-10,000 genes, including all those required for a free-living eukaryote capable of multicellular development. (bioone.org)
In terms of the distribution of identified genes in a specific category relative to the whole genome, only the categories of PE/PPE and conserved hypotheticals have statistical significance. (hindawi.com)
The result of Southern blot indicated that there isonly one C23O gene in the genome of C-14-1. (researchgate.net)
The Bmuccr gene covers a 1.4 kb genome region and contains 3exons. (researchgate.net)
Current bioinformatic pipelines for high-throughput studies like whole genome sequencing, RNA-seq, ChIP-seq, and single cell RNA-seq are limited in their ability to map repetitive elements of the genome like ribosomal DNA. (upenn.edu)
Whole genome sequencing can also provide insights into the specific genes or mutations that may be linked to antibiotic resistance. (folkhalsomyndigheten.se)

In the present study, we characterized forty isolates of indigenous black gram bradyrhizobia from Myanmar based on the sequence analysis of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene. (scirp.org)
The 16S ribosomal RNA (16S rRNA) gene is present in most bacterial species. (technologynetworks.com)
Relative abundance profiles of bacterial populations measured by sequencing DNA or RNA of marker genes can widely differ. (doe.gov)
These differences, made apparent when calculating ribosomal RNA:DNA ratios, have been interpreted as variable activities of bacterial populations. (doe.gov)
Some of the enzymes which generate aromatic radicals that break down most prominent bacterial strains found were isolated and tax- the complex linkages present in lignin to compounds of lower onomically identified using 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) se- molecular weight. (lu.se)

rRNA transcription rates vary dramatically between different normal cell types in the hematopoietic tree, and leukemic cells have characteristic prominent nucleoli, indicating robust ribosome synthesis. (upenn.edu)

Abstract: Fungal strains isolated from ixodid ticks in the Republic of Moldova were geneticallycharacterized using the ribosomal RNA operon internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions togetherwith the 5.8S rRNA gene as well as the nuclear genes ef1α encoding the alpha subunit ofeukaryotic translation elongation factor 1α as phylogenetic markers. (iobc-wprs.org)

In parallel, all samples were analyzed by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) of V3-16S rRNA gene amplicons. (who.int)
The laboratory procedure is based on amplifying and sequencing four variable regions of the 16S rRNA gene with two amplicons. (folkhalsomyndigheten.se)

Lastly, RNA has a uracil nitrogen base instead of thymine allowing the base-pair complementary rule: Adenine binds to Uracil, and Cytosine binds to Guanine. (cdc.gov)

Using the enzyme helicase, RNAP locally opens the double-stranded DNA so that one strand of the exposed nucleotides can be used as a template for the synthesis of RNA, a process called transcription. (wikipedia.org)
rRNA synthesis and accumulation occurs rapidly following activation of a conditional MYC-ER allele (coding for a Myc-oestrogen-receptor fusion protein), is resistant to inhibition of Pol II transcription and is markedly reduced by c-MYC RNA interference. (fhcrc.org)
We propose that stimulation of rRNA synthesis by c-Myc is a key pathway driving cell growth and tumorigenesis. (fhcrc.org)
Gene expression is the process by which information from a gene is used in the synthesis of a functional gene product. (nutritionaloutlook.com)

Eukaryotic and archaeal RNA polymerases have a similar core structure and work in a similar manner, although they have many extra subunits. (wikipedia.org)

A total of 1,194 potential lactic acid bacterium (LAB) isolates were tentatively grouped and identified by repetitive element sequence-based PCR, followed by sequence-based identification using 16S rRNA and pheS genes from a selection of genotypically unique LAB isolates. (who.int)
Only 16S rRNA sequencing was able to determine the subspecies of P. multocida and to determine the genetic relatedness of the 2 isolates. (medscape.com)
ribosomal RNA identification of the isolates showed high score similarity with Pseudomonas spp. (lu.se)

distichum chromosome pairs also carried 5S rRNA loci. (nih.gov)

Mutation in the mitochondrial 12S rRNA gene in two families from Mongolia with matrilineal aminoglycoside ototoxicity. (bmj.com)
In 1993 it was shown that an A to G substitution at base pair 1555 of the mitochondrial 12S ribosomal RNA gene was the only mutation common to all the families with aminoglycoside ototoxicity. (bmj.com)
We have thus confirmed the clinical relevance of the 1555 A to G mitochondrial mutation in the 12S rRNA gene by identifying it in affected subjects with familial aminoglycoside ototoxicity in another ethnic group. (bmj.com)

Comparative analysis of Bacillus anthracis, Bacillus cereus , and related species on the basis of reverse transcriptase sequencing of 16S rRNA. (microbiologyresearch.org)
Finally, genes of B. retrofracta and 6 other Brassicaceae species were used for phylogenetic tree reconstruction. (escholarship.org)

Furthermore, by using combined immunofluorescence and rRNA-FISH, we have detected endogenous c-Myc in nucleoli at sites of active ribosomal DNA (rDNA) transcription. (fhcrc.org)
Endogenous antisense RNAs function as regulators of gene expression by a variety of mechanisms. (genomicglossaries.com)

Ribonucleic Acid or RNA is similar in structure to DNA but is involved in very different cellular functions. (cdc.gov)

Control of the process of gene transcription affects patterns of gene expression and, thereby, allows a cell to adapt to a changing environment, perform specialized roles within an organism, and maintain basic metabolic processes necessary for survival. (wikipedia.org)

For bacteria, the assays target the 16S rRNA gene, and for fungi, they target ribosomal RNA genes. (qiagen.com)

Given that rRNA accounts for the bulk of the transcriptional output of the cell, the inability to map datasets to rDNA has historically been a major limitation, and has created a significant knowledge gap in our understanding of the most abundant RNA in the cell. (upenn.edu)

Catechol 2,3-dioxygenase (C23O) gene was found andamplified with the designed primers from the total DNA of C-14-1. (researchgate.net)
Amplified mtDNA, obtained from transformed lymphoblastoid cell lines using previously described primers, showed the A to G point mutation in the 12S rRNA gene in two of the three families by restriction analysis as well as direct sequencing. (bmj.com)
This observation was confirmed with PCR amplification of 16S rRNA gene fragment using Mycobacteria specific primers. (cdc.gov)

Sequence accession no. 16S rRNA gene: AF009477, 16S ribosomal RNA gene, partial sequence: NR_036918. (dsmz.de)
DEFINITION Vibrio halioticoli IAM 14597 gene for 16S rRNA, partial sequence. (nig.ac.jp)
DEFINITION Sporobolomyces ruber JCM 6884 gene for 18S rRNA, partial sequence. (nig.ac.jp)

Using a hybrid approach that combines homology-based and de novo methods 27,048 protein-coding genes were predicted. (escholarship.org)

Non-coding RNA or "RNA genes"-a broad class of genes that encode RNA that is not translated into protein. (wikipedia.org)

Variants (also known as mutations) in the TCOF1 , POLR1C , or POLR1D gene can cause Treacher Collins syndrome. (medlineplus.gov)
Molecular surveillance is needed not only for the detection of mutations to the P . falciparum kelch gene, which are associated with artemisinin resistance [ 3 ], but also molecular markers associated with the efficacy of other antimalarial drugs. (researchsquare.com)
Mutations/deletions in separate genes, each of which alone causes a minimal phenotype, but when combined in the same cell results in a more severe fitness defect or lethality under a given condition. (thebiogrid.org)

Droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) assays have been developed for accurate assessment of CNVs in several human genes. (researchsquare.com)

In order to reduce the cost of testing, a multiplex ddPCR assay of two target genes, pfmdr1 and pfplasmepsin2, was validated. (researchsquare.com)
RIViT-seq technology could speed up associating transcription factors with their target genes. (doe.gov)

It then produces an RNA chain, which is complementary to the template DNA strand. (wikipedia.org)

Research in the Paralkar Lab spans the spectrum from human patient sample studies and mouse models to cutting-edge molecular biology tools, high-throughput sequencing approaches, and novel computational algorithms, all with the goal of gaining insight into how the transcription of coding genes and noncoding ribosomal DNA genes is regulated in hematopoietic stem cells, myeloid progenitors, and in leukemia. (upenn.edu)

16S rRNA sequence analysis of lactococci and related taxa. (microbiologyresearch.org)

Similar to DNA structure, RNA consists of the same basic elements, a sugar- phosphate backbone, and four nitrogen bases. (cdc.gov)

Moreover, amplification of the P . falciparum GTP cyclohydrolase 1 ( pfgch1 ) GCN is linked to upregulation of the Plasmodium falciparum dihydrofolate reductase ( pfdhfr ) and P . falciparum dihydropteroate synthase ( pfdhps ) genes, which are associated with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine resistance in Southeast Asia [ 9 , 10 ]. (researchsquare.com)
More recently, another group of researchers reported that they had developed a process for optimizing low- abundance RNA, by combining aRNA amplification with template- switching. (genomicglossaries.com)
L'analyse du polymorphisme de la longueur des fragments de restriction par amplification en chaîne par polymérase de l'espaceur interne transcrit 1 au sein du gène d'ARN ribosomique (ITS PCR - RFLP) a été utilisée. (who.int)

RNAP not only initiates RNA transcription, it also guides the nucleotides into position, facilitates attachment and elongation, has intrinsic proofreading and replacement capabilities, and termination recognition capability. (wikipedia.org)
Here, we demonstrate that human c-Myc also directly enhances Pol I transcription of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes. (fhcrc.org)
Little is known however about how rRNA transcription is regulated and fine-tuned across normal and malignant tissues, and whether this regulation can be targeted for leukemia treatment. (upenn.edu)

Researchers at Stanford University used such a method to produce amplified heterogeneous populations of RNA from limited quantities of cDNA. (genomicglossaries.com)

RNA which contains an intron sequence that has an enzyme- like catalytic activity. (genomicglossaries.com)

According to the International Society of Nutrigenetics/Nutrigenomics, 2 the way to explain nutrigenomics is to say that dietary substances can influence gene expression. (nutritionaloutlook.com)

Each form assists in the many functions of the cell such as coding, decoding, regulating, and expressing genes. (cdc.gov)

according to morphological, physiological and its 16S rRNA gene sequence. (researchgate.net)

DEAD-box helicase DDX27 regulates 3' end formation of ribosomal 47S RNA and stably associates with the PeBoW-complex. (nih.gov)

In individuals without an identified variant in one of these genes, the genetic cause of the condition is unknown. (medlineplus.gov)
This comprehensive network maps genetic interactions for essential gene pairs, highlighting essential genes as densely connected hubs. (thebiogrid.org)

Increased OLR1 expression, resulting either from TZD treatment or adenoviral gene delivery, significantly augments adipocyte cholesterol content and enhances fatty acid uptake. (jci.org)

In this review, we discuss considerations of the study design for each data feature, the limitations in gene and protein abundance and their rate of expression, the current data integration methods, and microbiome influences on gene and protein expression. (rsc.org)
In this study, we performed a new bioinformatics analysis on microarray-based gene expression data obtained from the public domain to explore genes that were differentially induced by drugs between the group of capreomycin and PA-824 and the group of mainly the first-line TB drugs. (hindawi.com)
A biological process that is crucial for gene expression in most animal life, including humans. (genomicglossaries.com)
presents an opportunity to manipulate gene expression within the cells to treat various diseases, and acts as a powerful tool for studying gene function utilizing antisense agents to manage the diseases by regulating the expression of the specific factor that actually causes the particular disease. (genomicglossaries.com)
The expression of these gene products can have some very specific effects on our health and wellbeing. (nutritionaloutlook.com)
In addition, downregulation in expression of 18S ribosomal RNA was also observed in all treated HT-29 cells. (nanoker-society.org)
This was confirmed by fluorescence imaging to measure the level of expression of 18S ribosomal RNA in live cell images. (nanoker-society.org)

This application note describes a comprehensive, efficient workflow to sequence 16S rRNA variable regions. (technologynetworks.com)

Real-time PCR was used to quantify the abundance of M. immunogenum in these samples, and the data showed that the copies of M. immunogenum 16S rRNA gene in the samples ranges from 4.33 × 10(4) copy/ml to 4.61 × 10(7) copy/ml. (cdc.gov)

Secondly, RNA has a ribose sugar instead of a deoxyribose sugar like DNA which is important for enzymes that distinguish DNA from RNA. (cdc.gov)

Simultaneous fluorescence in situ hybridization showed both 5S and 18S-5.8S-26S ribosomal RNA genes to be located on chromosome IV. (nih.gov)
Thinopyrum distichum chromosome VII carried only a 18S-5.8S-26S rRNA locus and chromosome pair II carried only a 5S rRNA locus. (nih.gov)

For the dPCR reaction, the assay is combined with the QIAcuity Probe PCR Kit (DNA targets) or the QIAcuity OneStep Advanced Probe Kit (RNA targets). (qiagen.com)
Six among the 42 genes identified in this study are on the list of the top 100 persistence targets selected by the TB Structural Genomics Consortium. (hindawi.com)

orthogonal exPeriMental changes and pathways induced by EGE investigated the impact of aSSeSSMent of ePigenetic environmental factors in cancer causation, both current H. pylori infection and driver geneS and their link to underpinning studies of etiology e , pigenetic memory of past (eradicated) environMental carcinogenS carcinogen evaluation, and prevention. (who.int)

They used a gene that encodes for 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) in bacteria to characterize the nucleotide sequence of the bacillus from a patient with Whipple disease. (medscape.com)

The aim of the present study was to develop and validate ddPCR assays for detection of the CNVs of P. falciparum genes associated with resistance to antimalarial drugs. (researchsquare.com)
The gene copy number (GCN) quantification limit, as well as the accuracy and precision of the ddPCR assays were determined and compared to conventional quantitative PCR (qPCR). (researchsquare.com)
There were no significant differences between the GCN results obtained from uniplex andmultiplex ddPCR assays for detection of CNVs in the pfmdr1 and pfplasmepsin2 genes ( p = 0.363 and 0.330, respectively). (researchsquare.com)
There was no significant difference in gene copy numbers assessed by uniplex or duplex ddPCR assays regarding CNV in the pfgch1 gene ( p = 0.276). (researchsquare.com)
The developed ddPCR assays are simple, accurate, precise and cost-effective tools for detection of the CNVs in the pfmdr1 , pfplasmepsin2 and pfgch1 genes of P. falciparum . (researchsquare.com)

Synthetic antisense RNAs are used to effect the functioning of specific genes for investigative or therapeutic purposes. (genomicglossaries.com)

aRNA is RNA that is transcribed from the coding, rather than the template, strand of DNA. (genomicglossaries.com)

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