Rotenone is used as a pesticide, insecticide, and as a nonselective piscicide (fish killer). (wikipedia.org)
Rotenone, also known as derris or cube, is used as an insecticide as well as a piscicide (fish poison). (clemson.edu)
Yam bean can also be used as an insecticide for it contains rotenone. (pfaf.org)
Derris is a relatively safe insecticide in that it does not affect warm-blooded animals and also breaks down into harmless substances with 24 hours of being used. (pfaf.org)
From the dichloromethane-methanol (1:1) extract of the seed pods of Derris trifoliata, a new flavanone derivative (S)-lupinifolin 4´-methyl ether was isolated. (ac.ke)
Cellular respiration2
Typically, rotenone-containing plants in the legume family, Fabaceae, are crushed and introduced into a body of water, and as rotenone interferes with cellular respiration, the affected fish rise to the surface in an attempt to gulp air, where they are more easily caught. (wikipedia.org)
By 1930, nicouline and rotenone were established to be chemically the same. (wikipedia.org)
Lonchocarpus2
Rotenone is produced by extraction from the roots and stems of several tropical and subtropical plant species, especially those belonging to the genera Lonchocarpus and Derris. (wikipedia.org)
Rotenone is extracted from the roots of these plants and ground-up, and usually formulated as a dust. (mygardenandgreenhouse.com)
Rotenone is sold containing 1% or 5% active ingredient as either a dust or powder. (mygardenandgreenhouse.com)
USNM 228322 View Materials , 14.0 mm SL, Lord Howe Island , south part of lagoon, 31°32'S 159°04'E, rock and algae, 3-6 m, derris dust, D.F. Hoese et al. (plazi.org)
Inhibits1
Rotenone also inhibits microtubule assembly. (wikipedia.org)
Pesticide2
If the rotenone is to be used only in a property owner's own pond, then a Private Pesticide Applicator's License is all that is required. (clemson.edu)
If rotenone is to be applied on someone else's property or for a fee, a Commercial Category 5 Pesticide Applicator's License is necessary. (clemson.edu)
Cube1
Are the active ingredients-1% rotenone and 2% other cube resins-still what we use for flea control today? (sciencehistory.org)
Insecticides3
It is commercialized as cubé, tuba, or derris, in single preparation or in synergistic combination with other insecticides. (wikipedia.org)
In the United States and Canada, all uses of rotenone except as a piscicide are being phased out. (wikipedia.org)
Rotenone, used as a piscicide, is a restricted use chemical, and a license is required for its purchase and application. (clemson.edu)
Parkinson's2
Worryingly, there have been several medical studies since 2000 and as recent as 2011 showing links between Rotenone and Parkinson's disease and although not conclusive it still gives me a reason to be concerned about the use of any chemical dusts around chickens and humans. (selfsufficientme.com)
however, due to recent studies that have linked possible rotenone chronic exposure to some forms of Parkinson's disease in animals, it is no longer registered for use in organic production systems. (mygardenandgreenhouse.com)
Mites2
Rotenone is also used in powdered form to treat scabies and head lice on humans, and parasitic mites on chickens, livestock, and pet animals. (wikipedia.org)
Rotenone is an effective treatment for mites and lice on poultry (and other pets) and is used in some products to treat head lice and scabies for humans. (selfsufficientme.com)
Ponds1
In some instances, swine may be sensitive to rotenone, and caution should be exercised before allowing swine to drink from treated ponds. (clemson.edu)
Extracted from the roots1
Fish may be killed by using rotenone, a chemical compound extracted from the roots of certain species of the bean family. (clemson.edu)
Powder3
Rotenone is most commonly available in two forms, 5 percent water-wettable powder and a 5 percent liquid. (clemson.edu)
Rotenone in powder form may cause respiratory irritation if inhaled. (clemson.edu)
A proper respirator mask should be used during mixing of rotenone powder. (clemson.edu)
Toxicity2
This higher toxicity in fish and insects is because the lipophilic rotenone is easily taken up through the gills or trachea, but not as easily through the skin or the gastrointestinal tract. (wikipedia.org)
Rotenone will lose its toxicity at temperatures of 65 to 75 °F in five to 21 days after application. (clemson.edu)
Insects3
Although naturally occurring and considered relatively safe (even organic) I am personally suspicious about how safe Pestrol (Rotenone) really is and I would use it with caution because this product is known to be extremely effective at killing insects and fish. (selfsufficientme.com)
however, these products are not recommended because rotenone must be consumed by insects to be effective and the contact activity of the pyrethrins may reduce ingestion. (mygardenandgreenhouse.com)
Although rotenone is relatively non-toxic to bees (e.g., honey and bumble bees) it will kill beneficial insects such as parasitoids (parasitic wasps) and predators (e.g., ladybird beetles and lacewings) directly by contact. (mygardenandgreenhouse.com)
Rotenone is one of most acutely toxic botanicals with LD50 (lethal dose that kills 50% of the test population of rats) ranges from 132 to 1,500 mg/kg with variability due to differences in plant extracts. (mygardenandgreenhouse.com)
Pyrethrum1
They include nicotine extracted from tobacco (usually applied as nicotine sulphate), pyrethrum extracted from daisylike plants, and rotenone from several tropical shrubs. (encyclopedia.com)
Electron2
It biodegrades rapidly in soil, with 90% degraded after 1-3 months at 20 °C (68 °F) and three times faster at 30 °C (86 °F). Rotenone works by interfering with the electron transport chain within complex I in mitochondria, which places it in IRAC MoA class 21 (by itself in 21B). (wikipedia.org)
Rotenone works by inhibiting the electron transport system in the mitochondria, which results in blocking the production of ATP (adenosine triphosphate). (mygardenandgreenhouse.com)
The main ingredient in Pestrol is Rotenone, which is a naturally occurring substance made from plants and actually is another product developed/founded initially by the Japanese. (selfsufficientme.com)
Species2
The amount of rotenone required to treat a pond effectively is determined by the volume of water expressed in acre-feet and the species of fish in the pond. (clemson.edu)
The best time to apply rotenone for pond renovation is the first week in September to reduce the chance of introduction of undesirable species prior to stocking bream in November. (clemson.edu)
Active1
Products containing rotenone as the active ingredient are labeled against a diversity of insect pests including aphids, sawflies, certain caterpillars (e.g., bagworms), beetles (e.g. (mygardenandgreenhouse.com)
Plant1
In 1902 Kazuo Nagai, Japanese chemical engineer of the Government-General of Taiwan, isolated a pure crystalline compound from Derris elliptica which he called rotenone, after the Taiwanese name of the plant 蘆藤 (Min Nan Chinese: lôo-tîn) translated into Japanese rōten (ローテン). (wikipedia.org)
Fish5
Rotenone has historically been used by indigenous peoples to catch fish. (wikipedia.org)
Rotenone has been used by government agencies to kill fish in rivers and lakes in the United States since 1952, and in Canada and Norway since the 1980s. (wikipedia.org)
Small-scale sampling with rotenone is used by fish researchers studying the biodiversity of marine fishes to collect cryptic, or hidden, fishes, which represent an important component of shoreline fish communities, since it has only minor and transient environmental side effects. (wikipedia.org)
Fish killed by rotenone may not be eaten according to regulations of the United States Food and Drug Administration. (clemson.edu)
Unless it is certain that bullhead, catfish, carp or other rough fish are not present in the pond, it may be prudent to apply rotenone at the higher application rate. (clemson.edu)
Amount1
Lowering the water level of the pond by draining or pumping is recommended because it will reduce the volume of water to be treated and the amount of rotenone that must be purchased. (clemson.edu)
Easily1
For example, rotenone is easily broken down under ultra-violet light resulting in a half-life between 1 and 3 days. (mygardenandgreenhouse.com)
Form2
If powdered rotenone is used, it must first be mixed with water to form slurry. (clemson.edu)
Liquid rotenone can be mixed with twice its volume of water before application, or it can be poured in the concentrated form directly into the water, if the container spout is plugged to allow control of the flow to ensure proper coverage of the entire pond. (clemson.edu)
Rotenone decays through metabolites and its final product is reduced to water and carbon dioxide. (wikipedia.org)
Treated water is not harmful to animals, which may drink from the pond if the rotenone is applied in accordance with instructions on the label. (clemson.edu)
More rotenone should be applied over deeper water than in the shallows. (clemson.edu)
Rotenone is quickly degraded in soil and water, with persistence depending on exposure to environmental conditions. (mygardenandgreenhouse.com)