Hydrogen peroxideCatalaseSODsZinc superoxide dismutaseAntioxidantGlutathioneReactiveMitochondrial superoxideEnzymatic activityCopperProteinEnzymeManganeseAggregationMutantProteinsToxicityRadicalOxidative stressConcentrationResistanceSOD1MetabolismTissueToxicLevelsStructuresProductionAntioxidantsDamageCellularHomeostasisPresentEffectRegulationControlMechanismsHealthTurnStudy
Hydrogen peroxide7
- Superoxide dismutase (SOD, EC 1.15.1.1) is an enzyme that alternately catalyzes the dismutation (or partitioning) of the superoxide (O− 2) radical into ordinary molecular oxygen (O2) and hydrogen peroxide (H 2O 2). (wikipedia.org)
- Oxygen metabolites such as superoxide (027), hydrogen peroxide (H202), singlet oxygen ('02), and hydroxy radical ('OH) are major components of the bactericidal activity of PMNLs (14). (docksci.com)
- Some examples are hydroxyl radical, superoxide and hydrogen peroxide. (superoxide-dismutase.eu)
- Reaction of chromium(VI) with glutathione or with hydrogen peroxide: identification of reactive intermediates and their role in chromium(VI)-induced DNA damage. (microbiologyresearch.org)
- The responses to superoxide radical (generated by xanthine plus xanthine oxidase, X/XO), hydrogen peroxide, hypochlorite and peroxynitrite were also assessed. (gla.ac.uk)
- Superoxide dismutase 3 (SOD3) is an extracellular protein with the capacity to convert superoxide into hydrogen peroxide, an important secondary messenger in redox regulation. (au.dk)
- Superoxide dismutases (SODs) constitute key components of antioxidant defense systems, removing excess superoxide anions by converting them into oxygen and hydrogen peroxide. (biomedcentral.com)
Catalase8
- Aerobic and many anaerobic bacteria synthesize enzymes, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, and peroxidase, which neutralize these toxic reactive products (4). (docksci.com)
- Similarly removal of ROS by superoxide dismutase or catalase also attenuated adhesion. (bl.uk)
- Under normal and oxidative stress conditions, purified FFC reduced the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde, while increased superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) enzyme activities in C. elegans . (frontiersin.org)
- Moreover, superoxide dismutase and catalase activities showed a significant increase in relation to their contact with CBZ. (scielo.br)
- Além disso, as atividades de superóxido dismutase e catalase apresentaram aumento significativo em relação ao contato com CBZ. (scielo.br)
- The response to X/XO was not affected by superoxide dismutase, but abolished by catalase. (gla.ac.uk)
- to superoxide or that "autoxidize", and when coupled with catalase Oxygen radicals clearly contribute to probably through reactions catalysed within peroxisomes or with cytosolic genomic instability, are produced by by transition metals. (who.int)
- Malondialdehyde and nitric oxide levels were significantly higher in the lungs and liver, while the activities of superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase-1, and catalase were significantly lower in the waterpipe smoke group when compared to control mice. (who.int)
SODs2
- SODs catalyze the disproportionation of superoxide: 2H+ + 2O− 2 → O 2 + H 2O 2 In this way, O− 2 is converted into two less damaging species. (wikipedia.org)
- Superoxide dismutases (SODs) are the primary reactive oxygen species (ROS)-scavenging enzymes of the cell and catalyze the dismutation of superoxide radicals O2- to H2O2 and molecular oxygen (O2). (nih.gov)
Zinc superoxide dismutase6
- To clarify the role of the cellular antioxidant system in the protection against oxygen free radicals, we examined the levels of copper/zinc superoxide dismutase in the sera of patients with rheumatoid arthritis. (indexindex.com)
- We used an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay which determines the concentration of copper/zinc superoxide dismutase independently from its enzymatic activity. (indexindex.com)
- We found that patients with rheumatoid arthritis have higher serum copper/zinc superoxide dismutase levels than control subjects. (indexindex.com)
- Copper/zinc superoxide dismutase also correlated positively with serum levels of both neopterin and rheumatoid factor, sensitive markers for disease activity in rheumatoid arthritis. (indexindex.com)
- These results support the hypothesis that the increased amount of copper/zinc superoxide dismutase is probably inadequate to exert an effective antioxidant protection but can result in a pro-inflammatory, pathogenic effect enhancing tissue damage. (indexindex.com)
- Furthermore, copper/zinc superoxide dismutase might be used as a marker of inflammatory activity in rheumatoid arthritis. (indexindex.com)
Antioxidant7
- The analysis of well-known antioxidant systems such as thioredoxin-1 and Nrf2/HO-1/BVR-A suggests their potential role in the maintenance of the cellular redox homeostasis in the presence of changes of SOD2 and/or p53 protein levels. (nih.gov)
- You don't hear a lot about manganese, but it plays a role in creating a potent mitochondrial antioxidant: manganese superoxide dismutase. (marksdailyapple.com)
- We evaluated the effects of two insecticides (fipronil, sulfluramid) and metallic insecticide complex (magnesium complex [Mg(hesp)2(phen)] (1)) on the superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH) and the overall antioxidant capacity using two different methodologies: total radical-trapping potential (TRAP) and oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC). (springer.com)
- Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) is a mitochondrial enzyme with antioxidant properties, responsible for breaking down reactive oxygen species. (ascopost.com)
- Ashwagandha can boost antioxidant enzyme levels such as glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase while preventing lipid peroxidation. (starhealth.in)
- Both zinc and copper are needed to promote super oxide dismutase (SOD) activity, which plays a critical role in the body's endogenous antioxidant network. (allstarhealth.com)
- In addition, free radical scavenging antioxidant proteins, such as superoxide dismutase, were upregulated upto 3.45-fold and transporter systems, such as protein transport (SEC31), upto 3.31-fold to combat the oxidative stress caused by the multiple metals. (ufz.de)
Glutathione2
- Crucial ROS-related proteins were identified, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD, T5A6F1), Nor-1 (T5AFX3), electron transport protein (T5AHD1), histidine phosphotransferase (HPt, T5A9Z5) and Glutathione peroxidase (T5A9V1). (peerj.com)
- Metabolism of glutathione peroxidase, can further inflammation, and - along with oth- many exogenous agents through cy- convert these reactive species to er radical species - play key roles tochrome P450-mediated reactions wate r (Benzie, 2000) . (who.int)
Reactive2
- Reactive oxygen species play an important role in tissue injury in this disease. (indexindex.com)
- Reactive oxygen species (ROS), produced by all aerobic cells ( 22 ), play an important role in aging. (frontiersin.org)
Mitochondrial superoxide2
- Fig. 2: Succinate controls mitochondrial superoxide production through mitochondrial complex I. (nature.com)
- 2008. The selective detection of mitochondrial superoxide by live cell imaging. . (oregonstate.edu)
Enzymatic activity1
- Irwin Fridovich and Joe McCord at Duke University discovered the enzymatic activity of superoxide dismutase in 1968. (wikipedia.org)
Copper3
- There are three major families of superoxide dismutase, depending on the protein fold and the metal cofactor: the Cu/Zn type (which binds both copper and zinc), Fe and Mn types (which bind either iron or manganese), and the Ni type (which binds nickel). (wikipedia.org)
- 2009. A role for copper in the toxicity of zinc-deficient superoxide dismutase to motor neurons in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. . (oregonstate.edu)
- However, this redox activity also confers toxic properties onto copper when it is present in the free ionic form: free copper can participate in Fenton-like chemical reactions to generate the highly toxic hydroxyl radical from hydrogen peroxide and superoxide [ 3 - 5 ]. (biorxiv.org)
Protein6
- Likewise, Brewer (1967) identified a protein that later became known as superoxide dismutase as an indophenol oxidase by protein analysis of starch gels using the phenazine-tetrazolium technique. (wikipedia.org)
- Mechanism of chromate reduction by the Escherichia coli protein, NfsA, and the role of different chromate reductases in minimizing oxidative stress during chromate reduction. (microbiologyresearch.org)
- The nucleocapsid (N) protein of Severe Acute Respiratory syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is involved in viral replication, assembly and immune regulation and plays an important role in the viral life cycle. (pimac.org)
- Scientists have identified a protein, called superoxide dismutase, that plays a vital role in the cause and occurrence of the familial form of ALS or Lou Gehrig's disease. (medindia.net)
- Also, protein-protein interaction network analysis revealed that cytochrome c oxidase and 60S ribosomal protein played key roles to detoxify the multimetal. (ufz.de)
- The CusB protein is part of the CusCBA periplasmic Cu(I) efflux system in Gram-negative bacteria, and it was recently reported to play a key role in the functioning of the whole CusCBA system, in which conformational changes as well as the assembly/disassembly process control the opening of the transporter. (biorxiv.org)
Enzyme2
- Trichoderma reesei superoxide dismutase (TrSOD) is a well characterized enzyme being stable between 30 and 90°C for 1 h with activity at pH between 2.6 and 9.0. (pimac.org)
- RÉSUMÉ L'objectif de la présente étude était d'évaluer l'efficacité d'un programme d'exercice sur tapis roulant électronique sur le malondialdéhyde, en tant que marqueur de la peroxydation lipidique et sur une enzyme antioxydante, le glutathion peroxydase, chez des adolescents atteints du Syndrome de Down. (who.int)
Manganese1
- Without adequate manganese, you won't make enough superoxide dismutase, and without enough mitochondrial manganese superoxide dismutase, you run the risk of developing a neuropathology or suffering an ischemic brain injury (what often happens after stroke). (marksdailyapple.com)
Aggregation2
- Aggregation of mutant superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) is a pathological hallmark of a subset of familial ALS patients. (nature.com)
- 2004. Aggregation of ALS mutant superoxide dismutase expressed in Escherichia coli. . (oregonstate.edu)
Mutant1
- Here, a Saccharomyces cerevisiae sod1 Δ mutant (defective for the Cu,Zn-superoxide dismutase) was found to be hypersensitive to Cr(VI) toxicity under aerobic conditions, but this phenotype was suppressed under anaerobic conditions. (microbiologyresearch.org)
Proteins1
- This review describes recent advances in the role of human HMGB proteins and other proteins interacting with them, in cancerous processes related to oxidative stress, with special reference to ovarian and prostate cancer. (hindawi.com)
Toxicity1
- Metal toxicity in yeasts and the role of oxidative stress. (microbiologyresearch.org)
Radical1
- While the main free radical released from unstimulated leukocytes and vessel rings was superoxide, the main radical released from activated leukocytes was found to be hypochlorite. (gla.ac.uk)
Oxidative stress1
- Oxidative stress plays a role in the development and progression of prostate cancer, which has led to exploring antioxidants as therapeutic agents. (ascopost.com)
Concentration1
- Among these, the citric acid cycle intermediate succinate stands out owing to its multiple roles in disparate pathways, its dramatic concentration changes and its selective cell release. (nature.com)
Resistance3
- Role of superoxide dismutase in resistance of Porphyromonas gingivalis to killing by polymorphonuclear leukocytes. (docksci.com)
- Studies with cells expressing a Sod1p variant (Sod1 H46C ) showed that the superoxide dismutase activity rather than the metal-binding function of Sod1p was required for Cr resistance. (microbiologyresearch.org)
- This research results will enhance our understanding the function of GSTs in brown seaweeds, and explained its functional roles in stress resistance in marine environments. (bvsalud.org)
SOD11
- However, the possible role of misfolded wild type SOD1 in human ALS is highly debated. (nature.com)
Metabolism1
- Superoxide is produced as a by-product of oxygen metabolism and, if not regulated, causes many types of cell damage. (wikipedia.org)
Tissue3
- Porphyromonas gingivalis, which seems to play a central role in the etiology of certain forms of periodontal disease, can colohize the periodontal pocket and invade gingival tissue (18, 22). (docksci.com)
- The present review will summarize the current state of the literature regarding the role of microglial phagocytosis in maintaining tissue homeostasis in health as in disease. (frontiersin.org)
- Superoxide dismutase 3 is expressed in bone tissue and re. (au.dk)
Toxic1
- 2018. Nitration and Glycation Turn Mature NGF into a Toxic Factor for Motor Neurons: A Role for p75 and RAGE Signaling in ALS. . (oregonstate.edu)
Levels1
- Ashwagandha appears to alter the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, which plays a crucial role in response to stress, as indicated by its capacity to lower cortisol levels to relieve stress and anxiety. (starhealth.in)
Structures1
- The 3D structures of the homologous Mn and Fe superoxide dismutases have the same arrangement of alpha-helices, and their active sites contain the same type and arrangement of amino acid side-chains. (wikipedia.org)
Production1
- sites of superoxide production, with killing functions. (who.int)
Antioxidants1
- In this study, we altered these metabolic pathways pharmacologically in order to further delineate the role of specific antioxidants in the protection of the cochlea. (cdc.gov)
Damage1
- NO is also involved in cell kil ing but often used as a marker of oxidative Hanahan and Weinberg (2011), i n can also react with superoxide at DNA damage, although other bas- their landmark review "Hallmarks diffusion-limited rates to form per- es are also susceptible to oxidation. (who.int)
Cellular2
- Recently, the emerging role of cellular senescence in DN has attracted a broad attention. (hindawi.com)
- In the present review, we will focus on the role of cellular senescence and its related mechanisms in DN. (hindawi.com)
Homeostasis1
- These analyses show that SOD3 plays a hitherto unappreciated role in bone development and homeostasis. (au.dk)
Present2
- Three forms of superoxide dismutase are present in humans, in all other mammals, and most chordates. (wikipedia.org)
- The main goal of the present study was to investigate the genes coding for iron superoxide dismutase (FeSOD) in T. cruzi strains from an evolutionary perspective. (biomedcentral.com)
Effect1
- D-NAME and superoxide dismutase were without effect. (gla.ac.uk)
Regulation1
- The logic of this form of regulation explains many emerging roles of succinate in biology, and suggests future research questions. (nature.com)
Control1
- It plays a variety of crucial roles in the control of signalling processes, detoxifying xenobiotics and heavy metals, as well as other functions (Zitka et al. (springer.com)
Mechanisms1
- It was suggested that their roles and the underlying mechanisms may be stage-specific. (peerj.com)
Health1
- In putting together your workforce, there are plenty of factors to consider, including micronutrient status, supplementation, and exercise, all of which play huge roles in the health of your mitochondria. (marksdailyapple.com)
Turn1
- CN, in turn, can inhibit Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD). (cdc.gov)
Study1
- New study sheds light on the intrinsic, yet often overlooked, role of sleep preparation as a hardwired survival strategy. (medindia.net)