Role of nk cells. Medical search. Frequent questions

In particular, NK cells mediate their cytolytic function through the engagement of activating receptors, such as NKG2D, DNAM-1, NKp30, NKp46, and NKp44 ( 3 , 4 ), or following pro-inflammatory cytokine stimulation ( 5 ). (frontiersin.org)

2014). Human NK cells: From surface receptors to the therapy of leukemias and solid tumors. (springer.com)
Phenotypic and functional heterogeneity of human NK cells developing after umbilical cord blood transplantation: a role for human cytomegalovirus? (ashpublications.org)
Human NK cells also express on their cell surface non-MHC-specific inhibitory receptors, including p75/AIRM1 (siglec-7) that is expressed virtually by all NK cells. (ashpublications.org)
The human NK cell repertoire is functionally diversified through a tightly regulated differentiation process characterized by an early transition from CD56bright to CD56dim NK cells, followed by coordinated changes in expression of inhibitory receptors, including NKG2A and killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIR). (confex.com)

Using a chemo-genetic approach, we identify BET bromodomain containing proteins BRD2 and BRD4 as central regulators of NK cell functions, including direct cytokine secretion, NK cell contact-dependent inflammatory cytokine secretion from monocytes as well as NK cell cytolytic functions. (frontiersin.org)
We show that both BRD2 and BRD4 control inflammatory cytokine production in NK cells isolated from healthy volunteers and from rheumatoid arthritis patients. (frontiersin.org)
Given the important role of both cytokine-mediated inflammatory microenvironment and cytolytic NK cell activities in immune-oncology therapies, our findings present a compelling argument for further clinical investigation. (frontiersin.org)
Cytokines, including those that signal via receptors using the common cytokine receptor gamma-chain (gamma(c)), have been implicated at various stages of NK cell development. (pasteur.fr)
Surprisingly, the few residual NK cells generated in absence of IL-15 appear relatively mature, expressing a variety of Ly49 receptors and demonstrating lytic and cytokine production capacity. (pasteur.fr)
This glucocorticoid-PD-1 pathway limited production of the cytokine IFN-γ by spleen NK cells, which prevented immunopathology. (nature.com)
Historically, NK cells have been considered part of the innate immune system, recognizing and eliminating virus-infected or tumor cells either directly by release of cytotoxic granules or indirectly by cytokine release and facilitation of antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC). (nih.gov)
Nevertheless the outcomes attained with circulating NK cells usually do not always anticipate the cytotoxicity or cytokine creation of intrahepatic NK cells. (technologybooksindustrialprojectreports.com)
T cells provide protection to infection by cytokine-mediated mechanisms or through production of antibodies. (omicsonline.org)
IL-12 is an immuno-regulatory cytokine that has been shown to generate a potent NK and Th1 response in a variety of laboratory models. (houstonmethodist.org)
The combination of the FLEX-NK TM and iNK platforms demonstrated greater in vitro and in vivo anti-tumor activity in HCC models than iNK cells alone, with a favorable in vitro cytokine release and immune cell subset safety profile. (biospace.com)
We should not forget, NK cells are important cytokine producers. (hstalks.com)
Reconstitution of innate IFN-gamma was sufficient to restore cytokine responses that supported normal myeloid cell distribution and survival upon VACV infection. (uni-muenchen.de)
VACV infected IFN-gamma(Ncr1-ON) mice mounted normal cytokine responses, restored neutrophil accumulation, and showed normal myeloid cell distribution in blood and spleen. (uni-muenchen.de)

Natural killer (NK) cells are innate lymphocytes that play a pivotal role in the immune surveillance and elimination of transformed or virally infected cells. (frontiersin.org)
Natural killer cells are cytolytic lymphocytes belonging to the innate immune system and are involved in anti-viral and anti-tumor responses ( 1 ) and are recognized as major players in immune-mediated anti-tumor therapies ( 2 ). (frontiersin.org)
NK cells are a subpopulation of lymphocytes that express the CD56 + antigen on their cell surface. (articlebiz.com)
Flow cytometric analysis of TCR Vα24-Jα18 (iNKT cell) expression on human peripheral blood CD3+ lymphocytes. (bdbiosciences.com)
This invariant chain is expressed on invariant NK T cells, which are a small subset of T lymphocytes that also express other NK cell molecules such as CD161. (bdbiosciences.com)
In addition, diabetic mice presented a reduced influx of TCD4+ cells, TCD8+ cells, B lymphocytes, NK cells, and dendritic cells compared to control infected groups. (hindawi.com)
Insulin treatment restored the leukocyte number in PeLF and restored the presence of B lymphocytes, dendritic cells, and NK cells in lungs of diabetic animals. (hindawi.com)
The data suggest that diabetic mice present impaired immunological response to Pb18 infection and insulin modulates inflammation by reducing IL-6 levels in lung and CINC-1 levels in spleen and liver homogenates, restoring leukocyte concentrations in PeLF and also restoring populations of dendritic cells and B lymphocytes in lungs of diabetic mice, permitting the host to better control the infection. (hindawi.com)
T lymphocytes for adoptive cell therapy against hematological cancer. (upstate.edu)
As you can see, they are large granular lymphocytes with granules that are responsible for killing of tumor cells or virus infected cells. (hstalks.com)
Cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) recognize antigens on target cells and lyse these cells. (msdmanuals.com)

Although IL-2, IL-4, and IL-7 have been reported to influence NK cell differentiation, we find that mice deficient in any or all of these cytokines have normal NK cell numbers, phenotype, and effector functions. (pasteur.fr)
The phenotype of LB-derived NK cells was reliably seen as a acquiring only 2 500 IHL per pipe for movement cytometry. (technologybooksindustrialprojectreports.com)
Dapagliflozin (BMS512148) The purpose of the present research was (1) to refine and assess a modified process to isolate IHL from regular size needle LB examples regarding cell produces and viability and (2) to check the effects from the isolation process and the evaluation of suprisingly low cell amounts on phenotype and function of intrahepatic NK cells. (technologybooksindustrialprojectreports.com)
Indeed, in a group of patients, a relevant fraction of NK cells expressed a mature phenotype characterized by the KIR + NKG2A − signature 3-6 months after transplantation. (ashpublications.org)
In other patients, most NK cells maintained an immature phenotype even after 12 months. (ashpublications.org)
These cells harbor a mature NK cell phenotype but are hyporesponsive to various stimuli, including MHC class I-deficient target cells. (nih.gov)
These NK cell receptors are also expressed by certain memory phenotype CD8(+) T cells, and in some cases are up-regulated in T cells responding to viral infection. (duke.edu)
Consequently, despite their CD4 phenotype and their ability to be activated, to express the IL-2 receptor, and to enter into the cell cycle, they do not act as T helper cells under conditions where CD4 + /CD57 - cells normally do so. (lu.se)
HLA-B∗46 associates with rapid HIV disease progression in Asian cohorts and prominent differences in NK cell phenotype. (cdc.gov)

We have previously described committed NK cell precursors (NKPs), which have the capacity to generate NK cells, but not B, T, erythroid, or myeloid cells, after in vitro culture or transfer to a fetal thymic microenvironment. (pasteur.fr)
Thus, addressing the presence of immunosuppressive myeloid cell populations in the periphery and tumor microenvironment of patients with cancer is likely to be required for effective NK cell-based immunotherapy. (elifesciences.org)
For example, in multiple myeloma, CXCR3 and CCR5 ligands (MIG, IP-10, and MIP-1a) are significantly upregulated in the bone marrow compared to healthy controls, affecting the composition of immune cells in the tumor microenvironment. (confex.com)
Following stimulation, NKT cells lead to activation of both innate and adaptive immune cells in the tumor microenvironment. (msdmanuals.com)

NK cells have been seen as potential agents in adoptive immunotherapy for cancer. (springer.com)
Natural killer cell adoptive immunotherapy: Coming of age. (springer.com)
2016). Natural killer cell-based adoptive immunotherapy eradicates and drives differentiation of chemoresistant bladder cancer stem-like cells. (springer.com)
In March 2021, we became the first center in the world to use NK therapy, a type of immunotherapy, in a patient with advanced lymphoma. (ohsu.edu)
OHSU's Dr. Richard Maziarz leads research on CAR T-cell therapy, a type of immunotherapy that's bringing powerful new options to children and adults with blood cancer. (ohsu.edu)
Failed T cell-based immunotherapies in the presence of genomic alterations in antigen presentations pathways may be overcome by NK cell-based immunotherapy. (elifesciences.org)
T cell-based immunotherapy, such as immune checkpoint blockade or adoptive T cell transfer, is limited by the ability of T cells to detect major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-presented antigen by tumor cells. (elifesciences.org)
Natural killer (NK) cell-based immunotherapy may overcome genetic mechanisms of resistance to T cell-based immunotherapy through antigen- and MHC-independent recognition of malignant cells. (elifesciences.org)
In addition to basic science investigations in such areas as tumor cell invasion, oncogenes, immunotherapy and genetic inheritance, our scientists and physicians participate in national cancer trials. (upstate.edu)

CONCLUSIONS: Co-culture of PBMC with K562D2 stimulatory cells is an efficient technique to prepare large quantities of pure and active NK cells, and these expanded NK cells inhibited WNV infection of Vero cells through both cytolytic and noncytolytic activities, which may imply a potential role of NK cells in combating WNV infection. (fda.gov)
Our results confirm a potential role of NK cells and the different subsets in the pathogenesis of chronic HCV infection. (who.int)

We have produced B6.Nkg7-/-mice and found a decrease in NK cell-mediated cytotoxicity on a per cell basis in vitro, but not an effect on numbers of peripheral NK cells. (edu.au)
The present study had aimed to evaluate the effect of a feeder layer of irradiated MSCs in the in vitro expansion of NK cells. (springer.com)
Immunohistopathological analysis of the tumor and in vitro cytotoxicity study of the mononuclear cells of the liver show that NK cells are the first to infiltrate and mediate tumor cell killing, as early as 48 hr after Adv.mIL-12 treatment. (houstonmethodist.org)
In vivo and in vitro depletion of these cells completely abolishes this early anti-tumor response. (houstonmethodist.org)
This activity can be observed in both populations of conventional NK and NKT cells in vitro and in athymic nude mice in vivo. (houstonmethodist.org)
The FLEX-NK TM tetravalent, multifunctional antibody CYT-303 directed against NKp46 and GPC3 demonstrated in vitro and in vivo activity against HCC tumor targets. (biospace.com)
The FLEX-NK TM multifunctional engager antibody CYT-338 directed against NKp46 and CD38 demonstrated in vitro activity against multiple myeloma tumor targets. (biospace.com)
Here, we describe the pre-clinical in vitro and in vivo study of irradiated haNK cells engineered to express a second-generation chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1). (elifesciences.org)
The expression of CD94/NKG2A was rapidly initiated in naive CD8(+) T cells responding to peptide Ags in vitro and on many of the naive T cells that proliferate when transferred into lymphopenic (Rag-1(-/-)) hosts. (duke.edu)
Anti-West Nile virus activity of in vitro expanded human primary natural killer cells. (fda.gov)
The expanded NK cells were tested for their ability to inhibit WNV infection in vitro. (fda.gov)
Research Objective Using authentic in vitro models of the human lung, complete with inflammatory cells & vessels, we will validate drugs that might be rapidly repurposed for use in patients with COVID-19. (ca.gov)
The CD4 + CD57 + T cells do not express mRNA for a number of different cytokines or for the CD40 ligand after activation in vitro. (lu.se)

Altogether, we show that LAMP1 + TRAIL + astrocytes limit CNS inflammation by inducing T cell apoptosis, and that this astrocyte subset is maintained by meningeal IFNγ + NK cells that are licensed by the microbiome. (nature.com)
Both culture conditions showed high NK purity with predominance of NK CD56 bright CD16 + subset post expansion. (springer.com)
This subset of T cells play critical role in maintaining immune homeostasis and controlling excessive immune responses [ 5 ]. (omicsonline.org)
Thus 6B11 identifies a subset of all Vα24 positive T cells. (bdbiosciences.com)
Natural killer (NK) cells play a crucial role in early immunity after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation because they are the first lymphocyte subset recovering after the allograft. (ashpublications.org)
In a fraction of these patients, an aberrant and hyporesponsive CD56 − CD16 + p75/AIRM1 − NK-cell subset (mostly KIR + NKG2A − ) reminiscent of that described in patients with viremic HIV was detected. (ashpublications.org)
We found that the chemokine-induced migration capability of NK cells correlated closely with the expression level of corresponding chemokine receptor, leading to subset specific responses to various chemokine gradients (D). (confex.com)
Unbiased transcriptomic screens showed increased NK cell activation in people with HIV, without B46, and simultaneous single-cell profiling of surface proteins and transcriptomes revealed a NK cell subset primed for increased responses in the absence of B46. (cdc.gov)

The examination of women for the activation of NK, allows specialized scientists to apply a targeted therapeutic approach in order to regulate the function of NK cells. (articlebiz.com)

Publicity of IHL and PBMC to 0.5?mg/ml collagenase IV and 0.02?mg/ml DNase We for 30?min did affect neither the viability NK cell function nor the percentages of Compact disc56+ NKp46+ and Compact disc16+ NK cells whereas the amount of CD56 surface appearance was reduced. (technologybooksindustrialprojectreports.com)
The percentage of CD56(bright) cells was significantly higher than the control group ( P = 0.04). (who.int)
While the percentages of CD56 (dim) cells and their CD16 expression were lower in the chronic group, this was not statistically significant. (who.int)
The frequency of CD3+CD56- T cells was significantly lower in both the chronic and resolved groups compared to the control group ( P = 0.04). (who.int)
The elimination or persistence (NKRs) and mediate functions of both cells and CD56+NT cells was charac- of the infection depends on a balance T cells and NK cells [13]. (who.int)
Studies sug- terized by flow cytometry using anti between the immune response and the gest that HCV inhibits receptor genes in CD3, CD56 and CD16 monoclonal virus replication rate [5] and play a cru- the activation of NK cells [20], and the antibodies. (who.int)

In conclusion we report dependable phenotypic and useful analyses of little amounts of intrahepatic NK cells isolated from LB specimens offering us with an instrument to raised address the rising function of individual NK cell immunobiology in liver organ illnesses. (technologybooksindustrialprojectreports.com)
CTLA-4 and Compact disc28 are matched receptors that, by getting together with B7 family members ligands, regulate T cell activation but aren't mixed up in regulation of individual NK cell function. (newyorkcityhightech.com)

Moreover, NK cells are poised to release cytokines such as IFN- γ , TNF-α and growth factors that can initiate inflammatory responses mediated by both the innate and the adaptive arm of the immune system. (frontiersin.org)
In this report, we have analyzed the roles for gamma(c)-dependent cytokines in the generation of bone marrow NKP and in their subsequent differentiation to mature NK cells in vivo. (pasteur.fr)
Fig. 4: Specific combinations of cytokines and corticosterone act together to induce PD-1 expression on NK cells. (nature.com)
Depending upon the cytokines secreted by the Helper T cells, they are classified into two subpopulations: Th1 and Th2 cells. (omicsonline.org)
NKT cells are innate-like T cells that quickly respond to antigenic stimulation and rapidly produce large amounts of cytokines and chemokines. (msdmanuals.com)

Thus, we studied the interaction of UC-MSCs with unstimulated allogeneic NK cells.Results: UC-MSCs could potently suppress NK cell cytotoxicity in overnight cultures via soluble factors. (uni-hannover.de)
Natural Killer (NK) cells play an essential role in cancer surveillance and have a unique capability of spontaneous cytotoxicity against cancer cells. (confex.com)
NK cells serve a number of functional capability, and we can group these functional abilities in cytotoxicity, which means their ability to kill tumor or leukemia cells. (hstalks.com)
The expanded NK (D2NK) cell has strong natural killing activity against both K562 and Vero cells, and killed the WNV infected Vero cells through antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC). (fda.gov)
some cells require the presence of humoral antibodies directed against the tumor cells (antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity) to initiate the interactions that lead to the death of tumor cells. (msdmanuals.com)

Their function is regulated by the activation of a number of activating and inhibitory receptors that bind to specific ligands expressed on the surface of target cells. (frontiersin.org)
Natural killer (NK)-cell function is finely regulated by an array of receptors transducing either inhibitory or activating signals. (ashpublications.org)
In NK cells from sufferers with solid leukemia and cancers, it's been observed a reduced appearance of DNAM-1 that may change the total amount in opt to the inhibitory receptors TIGIT or PVRIG, additional adding to the reduced NK cell-mediated cytotoxic capability seen in these sufferers. (newyorkcityhightech.com)
Many signaling pathways mediated by inhibitory receptors have already been described to donate to immune system homeostasis while defending against contaminated and changed cells. (newyorkcityhightech.com)
Among these inhibitory receptors, cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated proteins 4 (CTLA-4) and designed cell death proteins 1 (PD-1) have already been well characterized in T cells and also have been shown to try out an important function in regulating T Leptomycin B cell activation and effector features, in the context of cancer immunology [1] especially. (newyorkcityhightech.com)
CTLA-4 is normally a co-inhibitory receptor that stocks Leptomycin B the same ligands (B7 family members that includes Compact disc80 and Compact disc86) with Compact disc28, the primary T cell co-stimulatory indication, constituting the initial evidence for matched activating-inhibitory receptors on T cells getting together with the same ligands portrayed on various other cell types [5]. (newyorkcityhightech.com)
Hence, inhibitory signals supplied by an adequate selection of receptors are crucial for immune system homeostasis and tolerance of both T cells and organic killer (NK) cells. (newyorkcityhightech.com)
Various other two major groups of matched co-stimulatory and inhibitory receptors that regulate NK cell function have already been defined in human beings. (newyorkcityhightech.com)
iNK cells expressed a favorable combination of multiple activation and few inhibitory receptors that corresponded to more potent cytolytic activity against HCC targets. (biospace.com)
In humans, this "missing self" recognition is ensured by inhibitory receptors such as KIR, which dampen NK cell activation upon interaction with their MHC class I ligands. (nih.gov)
We show here that NK cells lacking inhibitory KIR for self MHC class I molecules are present in human peripheral blood. (nih.gov)
This response is in contrast to NK cells that express a single inhibitory KIR specific for self MHC class I, which are functionally competent when exposed to the same stimuli. (nih.gov)
NK cells express germ-line receptors that are either stimulatory or inhibitory, and the summation of these signals determines activation status ( Caligiuri, 2008 ). (elifesciences.org)
B46 had no detectable effect on HIV-specific Tcell responses, but this allele is unusual in containing an HLA-C epitope that binds inhibitory receptors on natural killer (NK) cells. (cdc.gov)

For each one of these specialized reasons almost all functional research Dapagliflozin (BMS512148) of NK cell in liver organ diseases have centered on circulating peripheral bloodstream NK cells instead of on intrahepatic NK cells. (technologybooksindustrialprojectreports.com)
In human beings, peripheral bloodstream NK cells could be categorized into different subsets regarding with their surface area receptor efficiency and appearance [8,9]. (newyorkcityhightech.com)

NK cells differentiate in adult mice from bone marrow hemopoietic progenitors. (pasteur.fr)
In contrast, IL-15 plays a dominant role in early NK cell differentiation by maintaining normal numbers of immature and mature NK cells in the bone marrow and spleen. (pasteur.fr)
MSCs were obtained from the bone marrow (BM) cells remaining in the bag and filter used in the transplantation of hematopoietic stem cells. (springer.com)
Learn more about our nationally recognized doctors, on our Bone Marrow and Stem Cell Transplant page. (ohsu.edu)
Until date, MSC-NK cell interaction studies are largely focussed on bone marrow derived (BM)-MSCs. (uni-hannover.de)
Acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) denotes a heterogeneous category of cancers occurring within the bone marrow that are initiated by the unrestricted proliferation of haematopoietic stem cells . (bvsalud.org)
SCID is considered a pediatric emergency because survival depends on expeditious stem cell reconstitution, usually by bone marrow transplantation (BMT). (medscape.com)

Here we found that the regulation of natural killer (NK) cell function by the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) was required for host survival after infection with mouse cytomegalovirus (MCMV). (nature.com)
Mechanistically, endogenous glucocorticoids produced shortly after infection induced selective and tissue-specific expression of the checkpoint receptor PD-1 on NK cells. (nature.com)
Fig. 3: Infection with MCMV induces glucocorticoid-dependent PD-1 expression in spleen NK cells. (nature.com)
Conversely, the innate immune system, including epithelial barriers, the complement system, phagocytes, dendritic cells (DCs) and Natural Killer (NK) cells, provides a much more rapid and less specific response to infection. (nih.gov)
T cells are immune cells that circulate in the body to fight infection. (ohsu.edu)
CD4 + CD25 + FoxP3 + regulatory T cells (Tregs) are also involved in the mechanism of immune regulation against Plasmodium infection. (omicsonline.org)
Natural Treg cells during primary exposure to malaria enhanced Th1 memory responses and increased disease severity during re-infection. (omicsonline.org)
Our data support the concept that cytomegalovirus infection may drive NK-cell development after umbilical CB transplantation. (ashpublications.org)
These receptors allow NK cells to spare autologous normal cells and to kill cells in which MHC class I expression is down-regulated (eg, by tumor transformation or viral infection) or cells expressing non-self MHC class I alleles unable to engage these receptors (eg, allogenic transplantation settings). (ashpublications.org)
Human cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is reported to promote NK cell differentiation and education. (aacrjournals.org)
The impact of CMV infection and adaptive-like NK cells on relapse and survival of patients with AML not receiving allo-SCT remains unknown. (aacrjournals.org)
The immune system could play a crucial role in virus infection. (medsci.org)
Dendritic cells-based therapeutic approach may be a potential strategy for SARS-CoV-2 infection. (medsci.org)
We focus on the essential functions of dendritic cell in severe SARS-CoV-2 infection. (medsci.org)
The critical role of the immune system has been found in the discovery that there are reported high morbidity and mortality rates of human CoV infection in immunocompromised host as well as patients with comorbidities [ 3 - 6 ]. (medsci.org)
In conclusion, IFN-gamma derived from Ncr1(+) innate immune cells is sufficient to elicit fully effective immune responses upon VACV infection. (uni-muenchen.de)
Our new mouse model is suitable to further address the role of Ncr1(+) cell-derived IFN-gamma also in other models of infection, as well as of autoimmunity and cancer. (uni-muenchen.de)
In conclusion, upon VACV infection Ncr1 positive cells including NK cells mount two waves of early IFN-gamma responses that are sufficient to promote the induction of protective anti-viral immunity. (uni-muenchen.de)
The enzyme is critical for the cells' roles in preventing infection by recognizing and attacking foreign invaders, such as bacteria and viruses. (medlineplus.gov)
However, the role of NK cells in West Nile virus (WNV) infection is controversial, with reported effects ranging from active suppression of virus to no effect at all. (fda.gov)
The D2NK cell culture supernatants inhibited both WNV replication and WNV induced cytopathic effect (CPE) in Vero cells when added before or after infection. (fda.gov)
et 20 témoins en bonne santé ne présentant pas d'infection par le virus de l'hépatite C. Une réduction importante de la fréquence des cellules tueuses naturelles totales dans le groupe des patients porteurs d'une infection chronique a été observée par rapport au groupe des témoins ( P = 0,001) ou au groupe des patients dont l'infection a connu une résolution spontanée ( P = 0,01). (who.int)
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection has impaired cellular immune response and circulating NK cells, NK subsets (in- the ability to establish chronic infection virus persistence [8]. (who.int)
CRTH2: Chemoattractant receptor-homologous molecule expressed includes nonallergic asthma phenotypes, such as asthma on TH2 cells associated with exposure to air pollution, infection, or obesity, ILC: Innate lymphoid cell that require innate rather than adaptive immunity. (cdc.gov)

Host resistance to endotoxic shock requires the neuroendocrine regulation of group 1 innate lymphoid cells. (nature.com)
Our data indicate that, also in this transplantation setting, NK cells are the first lymphoid population detectable in peripheral blood. (ashpublications.org)
NK cells are innate lymphoid cells (ILC) playing main assignments in the protection against tumors and virus-infected cells. (newyorkcityhightech.com)
NK cells originate from hematopoietic stem cells and belong to a growing family that we call Innate Lymphoid Cells, ILC, which all derive from an Id2 positive resource. (hstalks.com)
We investigated the expression of immune checkpoints (ICs) on lymphoid populations within the CRC TME and compared with cells from normal colon tissues using samples from 50 patients with varying disease stages. (mdpi.com)
The localization of this cell population to specialized lymphoid structures suggests that it may play a role in the evolution of the antibody response following antigenic stimulation in vivo. (lu.se)
1. To be able to describe the role of innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) in Date of Original Release: April 2014. (cdc.gov)
NKT: Natural killer T innate lymphoid cells and their role in asthma. (cdc.gov)

In homeostatic conditions, the expression of TRAIL in astrocytes is driven by interferon-γ (IFNγ) produced by meningeal natural killer (NK) cells, in which IFNγ expression is modulated by the gut microbiome. (nature.com)
The purpose of this Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) is to foster interdisciplinary basic, translational, and clinical research that will define Natural Killer (NK) cell functions and interactions with other components of the innate and adaptive immune system affecting the potency and durability of HIV-1-specific immunity, including vaccine efficacy, reservoir size, reactivation or post-treatment control. (nih.gov)
Functions of natural killer cells. (springer.com)
Natural killer cells: Detectors of stress. (springer.com)
Natural killer cell biology: An update and future directions. (springer.com)
Isolation, expansion, and characterization of natural killer cells and their precursors as a tool to study cancer immunosurveillance. (springer.com)
Understanding of molecular mechanisms in natural killer cell therapy. (springer.com)
Shaping of natural killer cell antitumor activity by ex vivo cultivation. (springer.com)
A patient's NK (natural killer) cells - like T cells - can be modified to develop chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) that target cancer cells. (ohsu.edu)
In the early reconstitution phase following HSCT, natural killer (NK) cells represent the major lymphocyte population in peripheral blood and display graft-vs-leukemia (GvL) effects. (uni-hannover.de)
Natural killer (NK) cell is a specialized immune effector cell type that plays a critical role in immune activation against abnormal cells. (biomedcentral.com)
Cytovia is the first company to combine its own iPSC-derived natural killer (iNK) cells and multispecific, NK cell-engaging antibodies and is building a pipeline that encompasses both hematological malignancies and solid tumors. (biospace.com)
Natural killer (NK) cells recognize the absence of self MHC class I as a way to discriminate normal cells from cells in distress. (nih.gov)
NK: Natural killer. (wjgnet.com)
CD123-targeted CAR-NK is under clinical development by Chongqing Precision Biotech and currently in Phase II for Natural Killer Cell Lymphomas. (pharmaceutical-technology.com)
According to GlobalData, Phase II drugs for Natural Killer Cell Lymphomas have a 50% phase transition success rate (PTSR) indication benchmark for progressing into Phase III. (pharmaceutical-technology.com)
The PLCγ2 enzyme is particularly important in immune system cells, including B cells, natural killer (NK) cells, and mast cells. (medlineplus.gov)
BACKGROUND: Natural Killer (NK) cells are a crucial component of the host innate immune system with anti-viral and anti-cancer properties. (fda.gov)
This trial will use blood stem cells obtained from the placenta to generate natural killer (NK) cells, a type of white blood cell that is a vital part of the immune system, and administer them to patients with COVID-19. (ca.gov)
Therapeutic Candidate or Device Human placental hematopoietic stem cell derived natural killer cells (CYNK-001) Indication SARS-CoV-2 positive patients requiring hospital admission and have any 2 out of 3 symptoms: fever, cough, or positive disease-related chest x-ray. (ca.gov)
ABSTRACT Natural kil er (NK) cel s are key players in the immune response to viruses. (who.int)
of various populations of NKR+ T cells whole blood were withdrawn from Natural killer (NK) cells are potent have been reported to be impaired in each participant on ethylenediamine- antiviral cells which eliminate the vi- chronic hepatitis C patients [16,21]. (who.int)
It is the prototype of the primary immunodeficiency diseases and is caused by numerous molecular defects that lead to severe compromise in the number and function of T cells, B cells, and occasionally natural killer (NK) cells. (medscape.com)
Immunological parameters assessed included natural killer (NK) cell activity, cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) activity, IgM antibody plaque forming cell (PFC) response, thymus, spleen, kidney, and liver mass, and total cellularity for the thymus and spleen. (cdc.gov)
NK: Natural killer including IL-5 and IL-13. (cdc.gov)
Natural killer (NK) cells are another population of effector cells with anti-cancer activity. (msdmanuals.com)
Natural killer T (NKT) cells are specialized CD1d-restricted T cells that recognize lipid antigens. (msdmanuals.com)
check the tag ADOLESCENCE HN - 2008 BX - Nutrition in Adolescence FX - Adolescent Nutrition Physiology MH - Peritoneal Stomata UI - D054048 MN - A01.047.025.600.700 MN - A10.810 MS - Natural openings in the subdiaphragmatic lymphatic plexus in the PERITONEUM, delimited by adjacent mesothelial cells. (bvsalud.org)

It is expressed on expanded populations of cytotoxic CD4 T cells in patients with effective antiviral responses to HIV and CMV. (edu.au)
Such parameters can be realistically linked to neutrophil function and/or interaction with other immune cell populations in the view of their specific activities described in subsequent sections below. (frontiersin.org)
The final aim is to gain a detailed screen and isolation of complex and/or rare cell populations for further functional studies. (iit.it)
Research Objective We expect to generate iPSC derived NK cells expressing a CAR against SARS-cov2 that could be used as an off-the-shelf therapy for COVID-19 Impact The proposed studies will provide a novel therapeutic approach to boost the cellular immunity against SARS-cov2, especially for high risk populations. (ca.gov)

NK cell proliferation, phenotypic expression and cytotoxic activity were evaluated. (springer.com)
However, cultures without the presence of MSCs showed higher NK proliferation, expression of activation markers (CD16 and NKG2D) and related cytotoxic activity. (springer.com)
The extracellular matrix (ECM) interacts with tumor and stromal cells to promote cancer cells proliferation, migration, invasion, a. (biomedcentral.com)
Insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor inhibits the proliferation of acute myeloid leukaemia cells via NK cell activation. (bvsalud.org)
for instance, the upregulation of insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF1R) within AML cells influences their proliferation. (bvsalud.org)
Additionally, elevated IGF1R expression promotes NK cell expansion and enhances its functional activation, thereby inhibiting AML cell proliferation . (bvsalud.org)
Collectively, these findings highlight the clinical potential of IGF1R in the effective treatment of AML through the activation of NK cell proliferation and function and suggest that it may represent a potential predictive marker of AML prognosis . (bvsalud.org)
These molecular defects interfere with lymphocyte development and function, blocking the differentiation and proliferation of T cells and, in some types, of B cells and NK cells. (medscape.com)

Although NK cell differentiation and education are critical determinants of the functional potential of the cell, little is known about how these events shape the migratory behavior of NK cells. (confex.com)

NK expansion and activation were stimulated by culture with artificial antigen-presenting cells (aAPCs) and IL-2, in the presence or absence of BM-MSCs. (springer.com)
Invariant NK T cells can be specifically activated by CD1d-presented antigen resulting in rapid production of IL-4 and IFN (also known as IFN-γ). (bdbiosciences.com)
For the large number of hepatocellular cancer patients who currently have such limited, poor clinical options, a novel tumor antigen-directed NK engager is needed. (biospace.com)
Here, we demonstrate that NK cells (haNKs) engineered to express a PD-L1 chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) haNKs killed a panel of human and murine head and neck cancer cells at low effector-to-target ratios in a PD-L1-dependent fashion. (elifesciences.org)
The therapeutic candidate comprises of NK cells genetically engineered to express chimeric antigen receptors (CAR) targeting cells expressing CD123. (pharmaceutical-technology.com)
The same antigen has also been shown to be expressed on CD4 + T cells derived from germinal centers. (lu.se)
Antigen secretion was stable for at least 10 cell passages, as measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays and immunofluorescence assays. (cdc.gov)
Thirty-five cell lines (90%) had stable antigen expression over 10 passages, with three of these cell lines (7%) increasing in antigen expression and one cell line (3%) decreasing in antigen expression. (cdc.gov)
Antigen secretion in the HEK-293 cell lines was higher than in previously developed COS-1 cell line counterparts. (cdc.gov)
The use of previously developed COS-1 cell lines secreting noninfectious recombinant viral antigen is limited due to diminished antigen secretion over time. (cdc.gov)
Antigen production was more stable and statistically higher in these newly developed cell lines than in their COS-1 cell line counterparts. (cdc.gov)
In contrast to CTLs, NK cells lack receptors for antigen detection but can still recognize normal cells infected with viruses and cancer cells. (msdmanuals.com)
CD1d is a member of the CD1 (cluster of differentiation 1) group of glycoproteins on the surface of human antigen-presenting cells. (msdmanuals.com)

Desk1)1) were recruited and had their NK cell phenotypes and functional replies analyzed. (woofahs.com)
The functional interactions between NK cells and MSCs have the potential to influence the leukemia relapse rate after HSCT. (uni-hannover.de)
In order to delineate the homing patterns of distinct NK cell subsets, we used high-dimensional flow cytometry combined with functional assays to map the NK cell chemokine receptor expression and migratory behavior. (confex.com)

Treatment of syngeneic tumors resulted in CD8 and PD-L1-dependent tumor rejection or growth inhibition and a reduction in myeloid cells endogenously expressing high levels of PD-L1. (elifesciences.org)
They were discovered really for their ability to kill tumors, but they also kill virus infected cells, which is a very important function, and they perform also DC editing, as we'll discuss. (hstalks.com)
Identification of genomic alterations that drive the clinically aggressive serous and clear cell tumors of the endometrium. (researchgate.net)
We found that the levels of B cells, T cells, and NK cells were similar, IC-expressing CD4 + and CD4 + CD8 + double positive T cells were higher, while CD8 + T cells and CD4 − CD8 − double negative T cells were significantly lower in CRC tumors. (mdpi.com)
In contrast, suppressor T cells inhibit the immune response against tumors. (msdmanuals.com)

Background: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are increasingly considered to be used as biological immunosuppressants in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). (uni-hannover.de)
Following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), interferon (IFN)-γ levels in the recipient's body can strongly influence the clinical outcome. (uni-hannover.de)

Cell death escape is one of the most prominent features of tumor cells and closely linked to the dysregulation of members of the Bcl-2 family of proteins. (biomedcentral.com)
Tumor Antigens Many tumor cells produce antigens, which may be released in the bloodstream or remain on the cell surface. (msdmanuals.com)
The T cell is the primary cell responsible for direct recognition and killing of tumor cells. (msdmanuals.com)
T cells carry out immunologic surveillance, then proliferate and destroy newly transformed tumor cells after recognizing TAAs. (msdmanuals.com)
Thus, the decreased level of class I molecule expression characteristic of many tumor cells may allow activation of NK cells and subsequent tumor lysis. (msdmanuals.com)
Macrophages can kill specific tumor cells when activated by a combination of factors, including lymphokines (soluble factors produced by T cells) and interferon. (msdmanuals.com)

The expression of the NK1.1 marker in NKT cells was associated with a "killer transcriptional program," including strong expression of Nkg7, Gzma, Gzmb, Prf1, Fasland a wide range of NK cell markers that were not expressed on other subsets. (edu.au)
is Dapagliflozin (BMS512148) challenging to stain for multiple immunohistological markers essential for the id of particular IHL cell subsets. (technologybooksindustrialprojectreports.com)
The ultimate goal is to use this Dapagliflozin (BMS512148) flow cytometry-based method as a tool to perform detailed immunological analyses of the role of intrahepatic NK cells and other lymphocyte subsets in liver disease. (technologybooksindustrialprojectreports.com)
Rosa26RFP reporter mice intercrossed with Ncr1-Cre mice showed selective RFP expression in more than 80% of the NK cells, while upon intercrossing with CD4-Cre mice abundant RFP expression was detected in T cells, but also to a minor extent in other immune cell subsets. (uni-muenchen.de)

The cells are returned to the patient's bloodstream in an IV drip to find and destroy cancer. (ohsu.edu)

Interestingly, CCR1 and CXCR6 were expressed mainly on less differentiated NKG2A+ CD56dim NK cells (B). Next, we stratified the chemokine receptor expression on mature KIR+ NK cells based on the expression of self (educated) or non-self KIR (uneducated). (confex.com)
The present results show that peripheral blood NK cell chemokine receptor profile changes in a coordinated fashion during NK cell differentiation and is further influenced by the expression of self-specific KIR. (confex.com)

Furthermore, turned on NK cells discharge interferon (IFN)- and tumor necrosis aspect (TNF)- that get excited about the devastation of focus on cells and promote. (newyorkcityhightech.com)
ILC is those cells which release interferon gamma and have also, at least in the case of NK cells, the ability to kill viral infected cells. (hstalks.com)

B6.Nkg7-/-mice had fewer thymic resident NK1.1+NKT cells but increased numbers in spleen and liver. (edu.au)
Fig. 5: MCMV-induced IFN-γ production by spleen NK cells is regulated by a glucocorticoid-PD-1 axis. (nature.com)

Following activation, NK cells mediate killing of target cells through two major pathways that require direct contact between NK cells and their target cells ( 6 ). (frontiersin.org)
To mediate appropriate and directed immune response against cancer, NK cells must be capable of migration to the tumor site. (confex.com)

It was previously shown that K562-mb15-41BBL (K562D2) cells, which express IL-15 and 4-1BBL on the K562 cell surface, were able to expand and activate human primary NK cells of normal peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). (fda.gov)

Histamine dihydrochloride acts by improving the immune-enhancing properties of IL-2, and laboratory studies have shown that this combination can induce immune-mediated killing of leukemic cells. (wikipedia.org)
CD4 + T cells stimulate B cells to induce significant level of antimalarial antibody response and also help in the induction of CD8 + T-cell responses which help in arresting the growth of liver-stage parasites in the host. (omicsonline.org)
So they can induce inflammatory response, regulate adaptive immune response, regulate hematopoiesis, induce DC maturity, and also to play some important role at the decidual level. (hstalks.com)
Scholars@Duke publication: Viral and bacterial infections induce expression of multiple NK cell receptors in responding CD8(+) T cells. (duke.edu)
Furthermore these cells do not induce differentiation of B cells into immunoglobulin-producing cells. (lu.se)

NK cells can modulate the magnitude and quality of adaptive immune responses by interacting with, editing or killing dendritic cells or B and T cells, thereby bridging the innate and adaptive immune responses. (nih.gov)

Immunological and translational aspects of NK cell-based antitumor immunotherapies. (springer.com)
Although several studies have examined the protective mechanisms of dietary EA including the induction of detoxifying enzymes, regulation of cell cycle, chelation of nickel, and prevention of DNA methylation, none have addressed the role of EA in immunological surveillance. (cdc.gov)

A possible role for cytomegalovirus in the promotion of NK-cell development was suggested by the observation that a more rapid NK-cell maturation together with expansion of NKG2C + NK cells was confined to patients experiencing cytomegalovirus reactivation. (ashpublications.org)

TRAIL expression in astrocytes is repressed by molecules produced by T cells and microglia in the context of inflammation. (nature.com)
1-3 Among receptors negatively regulating NK-cell function, a crucial role is played by those interacting with MHC class I molecules. (ashpublications.org)
This enzyme performs a chemical reaction that enables molecules to relay signals from outside the cell to the inside. (medlineplus.gov)
These antigens may be cell surface proteins or may be intracellular proteins (eg, TAAs) that are expressed on the surface in combination with class I major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules. (msdmanuals.com)
Evidence suggests that class I MHC molecules on the surface of normal cells inhibit NK cells and prevent lysis. (msdmanuals.com)

Beyond this basic grouping, SCID may be categorized according to phenotypic lymphocyte profiles that include both B-cell status (B + or B - ) and NK-cell status (NK + or NK - ) in addition to T-cell status (T - , because there is always a T-cell deficiency in SCID). (medscape.com)

NKG7 is a poorly characterised integral membrane protein expressed on cytotoxic granules of quiescent NK and CD8 T cells and is translocated to the plasma membrane of cytotoxic cells following target engagement. (edu.au)
The acquisition of self HLA class I binding KIRs during NK cell differentiation tunes the cytotoxic potential of NK cells in a process termed education, characterized by increased loading of granzyme B in dense core granules. (confex.com)

However, the pleiotropic effects of these steroid hormones make it difficult to delineate their precise role(s) in vivo. (nature.com)
In vivo T-cell depletion in both the primary tumor treatment and the long-term survival rechallenge study reveals that T cells in addition to NK cells are required in the development of the long-term survival and immunity attributed to Adv.mIL-12 gene therapy in this orthotopic tumor model of colon carcinoma. (houstonmethodist.org)
As expected, ex vivo analysis of splenocytes derived from VACV infected IFN-gamma(Ncr1-ON) mice showed IFN-gamma expression in NK cells, but not T cells, whereas IFN-gamma(OFF) mice showed IFN-gamma expression neither in NK cells nor T cells. (uni-muenchen.de)

The absolute number in the peripheral blood, the activation of the NK cells, and their number in the endometrium are 3 different indicators in reproductive medicine, and in fact very important in Infertility, in miscarriage, and in the failed IVF trials. (articlebiz.com)
A role for the src family kinase Fyn in NK cell activation and the formation of the repertoire of Ly49 receptors. (unil.ch)
IL-1 receptor activation and subsequent downstream signalling events were found to require gamma-secretase activity.Conclusion: Although the role of PGE2 in NK cell-MSC has been reported, the requirement of cell-cell contact for PGE2 induced immunosuppression remained unexplained. (uni-hannover.de)
Different from events required for T cell activation, NK cell activat. (biomedcentral.com)
Thus, CD94/NKG2A expression is a common consequence of CD8(+) T cell activation. (duke.edu)
However, expression of CD94 and NKG2A transgenes partially inhibited early events of T cell activation. (duke.edu)
We have examined the ability of peripheral blood helper T cells coexpressing CD57 to participate in B cell activation/differentiation and evaluated their responses to polyclonal stimulation. (lu.se)
that regulate the differentiation and activation of these cells. (cdc.gov)

To determine how the profile of NK receptor expression changes in murine CD8(+) T cells as they respond to intracellular pathogens, we used class I tetramer reagents to directly examine Ag-specific T cells during lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus and Listeria monocytogenes infections. (duke.edu)

Current research strategies aiming to prevent, control or eradicate HIV emphasize the adaptive arm of the immune system, harnessing effector functions of cytotoxic T cells, helper T cells, B cells and antibodies to attack HIV and HIV-infected cells. (nih.gov)
Materials and Strategies Reagents mass media and antibodies The next reagents were useful for cell isolation within this research: Ficoll-Paque (GE Health care) collagenase type IV (Catalog amount C5138 700.5 solid collagen Sigma-Aldrich) DNase I class II (Catalog number 10104159001 Roche) ACK lysing buffer (Lonza) bovine serum albumin (BSA) and sodium azide (both from Sigma-Aldrich). (technologybooksindustrialprojectreports.com)
Experiments with B cell deficient mice have demonstrated that B cells and antibodies are essential for complete clearance of parasites from blood of the host [2]. (omicsonline.org)
When foreign invaders are detected, the PLCγ2 enzyme relays signals for B cells to produce specialized proteins called antibodies (or immunoglobulins) that attach to foreign particles and mark them for destruction. (medlineplus.gov)

Third the tiny size of LB limitations the amount of IHL that may be isolated as well as the mechanised and enzymatic isolation strategies may hamper their viability the cell produces and cell-surface appearance of specific lymphocyte markers (Mulder et al. (technologybooksindustrialprojectreports.com)

In contrast, knockdown of BRD4 but not of BRD2 impairs NK cell cytolytic responses, suggesting BRD4 as critical regulator of NK cell mediated tumor cell elimination. (frontiersin.org)
Interestingly, receptors which expression declines during NK cell differentiation (CCR5, CCR7, and CXCR3) are commonly associated with adaptive T cell responses to viruses, whereas receptors that are upregulated along the differentiation axis (CXCR1, CXCR2, CX3CR1, CMKLR1) are typical for neutrophils and macrophages as a part of the innate immune response. (confex.com)
T-cell responses and protected against heterosubtypic influenza A subtypes. (cdc.gov)
The M2 (M2-Ad) had enhanced antibody responses that cross- ability of anti-M2 monoclonal antibody (MAb) to reduce reacted with human and avian M2 sequences and pro- viral replication ( 5 ) implicates M2, in particular M2e, as a duced T-cell responses. (cdc.gov)
It is produced during immune responses by innate as well as adaptive immune cells and can critically affect the course and outcome of infectious diseases, autoimmunity, and cancer. (uni-muenchen.de)
In order to study the possible role over Ficoll-Hypaque (density 1.077 production, and are the key players in that NK cells might play in the patho- g/L) (Amersham Biosciences) and immune responses to viruses [7]. (who.int)
Subchronic exposure to EA for 28 days in drinking water caused significant suppression of specific IgM antibody responses in the 2.0 mg/kg EA treatment group and suppressed cytotoxic T-cell function in the 0.5 and 1.0 mg/kg EA treatment groups. (cdc.gov)

Cytovia's GPC3-directed NK-engager in combination with iPSC-derived NK cells demonstrated impressive anti-tumor activity in mice that merits clinical development," added Dr. Michael Friedman , a member of Cytovia's Board of Directors. (biospace.com)
Research Objective To optimize a new approach to deliver Anti-COVID siRNAs into human iPSC-derived lung cells that can selectively kill the COVID virus Impact Our proposal, if successful, will solve the siRNA delivery problem and rapidly open the door to Anti-COVID siRNA therapeutics. (ca.gov)

Management of Flow Cytometry Platform at CLNS IIT The platform is equipped with the analyzer BDLSRFortessa and the BD FACSAriaIII cell sorter. (iit.it)

This is supported by pharmacological targeting where the first-generation pan-BET bromodomain inhibitor JQ1(+) displays anti-inflammatory effects and inhibit tumor cell eradication, while the novel bivalent BET bromodomain inhibitor AZD5153, which shows differential activity towards BET family members, does not. (frontiersin.org)
Binding of the CD94/NKG2A receptor by its ligand (Qa-1(b)) did not significantly inhibit CD8(+) T cell effector functions. (duke.edu)

TRI Reagent ® performs well with large or small amounts of tissue or cells and works with many samples including human, plant, yeast, bacterial and viral samples. (sigmaaldrich.com)
NK cells play an important role in defense against cancer and in fighting off viral infections. (ca.gov)

In this study, we analyzed the development of NK cells after intrabone umbilical cord blood (CB) transplantation in 18 adult patients with hematologic malignancies. (ashpublications.org)
The CMV-induced generation of highly differentiated adaptive-like NK cells has been proposed to affect favorably on the maintenance of remission in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) after allogeneic stem cell transplantation (allo-SCT). (aacrjournals.org)

LAMP1 + TRAIL + astrocytes limit inflammation in the CNS by inducing T cell apoptosis through TRAIL-DR5 signalling. (nature.com)
Yang ZH, Dang YQ, Ji G. Role of epigenetics in transformation of inflammation into colorectal cancer. (wjgnet.com)
PLCγ2 enzyme signaling in mast cells and other immune cells triggers inflammation, which helps clear infections or other irritants. (medlineplus.gov)

NK cells can also be collected from donor blood or umbilical cord blood and given, unchanged, to patients. (ohsu.edu)

Cell lifestyle mass media AIM-V RPMI 1640 HBSS phosphate buffered saline (PBS) HEPES penicillin/streptomycin MEM nonessential amino acids important proteins and sodium pyruvate had been from Gibco-BRL. (technologybooksindustrialprojectreports.com)
NK cell constitutive appearance of lytic proteins makes them ready-to-lyse focus on cells. (newyorkcityhightech.com)

These subtle effects suggest that CD94/NKG2A-mediated inhibition of T cells may be limited to particular circumstances or may synergize with other receptors that are similarly up-regulated. (duke.edu)

These preclinical proof of concept studies with CYT-303 alone or in combination with iNK cells in HCC warrant clinical development. (biospace.com)

A lab then genetically modifies the T cells so they develop a special type of protein that binds to and kill cancer cells. (ohsu.edu)
They stick to specific targets, such as protein on the outside of a cancer cell. (ohsu.edu)
The drug normally prevents a protein called BTK from sending signals for cells to grow and divide, which blocks the growth of cancer cells. (medlineplus.gov)
Here, we describe the generation of 39 flaviviral virus-like particle (VLP)- and nonstructural protein 1 (NS1)-secreting stable cell lines in HEK-293 cells representing 13 medically important flaviviruses. (cdc.gov)

Anatomy39

Organisms17

Diseases17

Chemicals and Drugs118

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment27

Phenomena and Processes41

Information Science2

Activating receptors1

Human NK4

Cytokine14

Lymphocytes11

Phenotype9

Microenvironment4

ImmunoTherapy9

Potential role of NK cells2

Vitro13

Subset8

Function of NK cells1

CD566

Individual NK cell2

Cytokines5

Cytotoxicity5

Inhibitory14

Peripheral bloodstream2

Bone marrow7

Infection24

Lymphoid8

Natural28

Populations4

Proliferation8

Differentiation and education1

Antigen13

Functional3

Tumors5

Hematopoietic2

Tumor cells6

Subsets4

Bloodstream1

Chemokine receptor2

Interferon2

Spleen2

Mediate2

Mononuclear cells1

Induce5

Innate and adaptive immune1

Immunological2

Maturation1

Molecules5

Phenotypic1

Granules2

Vivo3

Activation8

Murine1

Antibodies4

Lymphocyte1

Responses7

IPSC derived2

Flow cytometry1

Inhibit2

Viral2

Transplantation2

Inflammation3

Umbilical cord1

Proteins2

NKG2A1

Clinical development1

Protein4