Role interactions of membrane proteins. Medical search. Frequent questions

The primary role of SNAREs is in bridging the apposed synaptic vesicle and plasma membrane, by forming a core fusion complex. (aiche.org)
To gain insight into FRMD7 molecular function, we used an IP-MS approach and identified the multi-domain plasma membrane scaffolding protein, CASK, as a FRMD7 interactor. (nih.gov)
Importantly, CASK promotes FRMD7 co-localization at the plasma membrane, where it enhances CASK-induced neurite length, whereas IIN-associated FRMD7 mutations impair all of these features. (nih.gov)
and plasma membrane. (nih.gov)
Suppression of adenylyl cyclase-mediated cAMP production by plasma membrane associated cytoskeletal protein 4.1G. Goto T, et al . (nih.gov)
Our laboratory is interested in how the signaling and cytoskeletal proteins at the plasma membrane transduce signals arising from extracellular force into cellular responses. (umassmed.edu)
Insertion of helix-forming segments into the membrane and their association determines the structure, function, and expression levels of all plasma membrane proteins. (elifesciences.org)
Alex said the membrane charge sensor measures the electric potential at the inner leaflet of cell plasma membrane - a different membrane property from the transmembrane potential often known in the field of neuroscience. (edu.au)
The cAMP activates protein kinase A (PKA), which initiates signaling that causes an accumulation of AQP2 in the plasma membrane of the cells facilitating water reabsorption from primary urine and fine-tuning of body water homeostasis. (mdpi.com)
MARV assembles and buds from the host cell plasma where MARV matrix protein (mVP40) dimers associate with anionic lipids at the plasma membrane inner leaflet and undergo a dynamic and extensive self-oligomerization into the structural matrix layer. (uci.edu)

The interactions between lipids and proteins in biological membranes play an important role in e.g., cellular signal transport as well as the exchange of molecules or ions between the cell and the cellular environment. (frontiersin.org)
Structure, function and organization of lipids and proteins in biological membranes. (biomembranes.nl)

The high-throughput crystal structure determination pipeline at Southeast Collaboratory for Structural Genomics, a pilot center of the National Institutes of Health Protein Structure Initiative, is described. (iucr.org)
NMR methods are especially powerful because they can be used to directly identify precise targets on proteins, or important structural features of inhibitors that account for activity. (nih.gov)
Novel mechanism of regulation of protein 4.1G binding properties through Ca2+/calmodulin-mediated structural changes. (nih.gov)
14. Inhibition of HIV infection by structural proteins of the inner nuclear membrane is associated with reduced chromatin dynamics. (nih.gov)
While researchers continue to demonstrate the physiological function of IMMT in regulating mitochondrial dynamics and preserving mitochondrial structural integrity, the roles of IMMT in clinicopathology, the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME), and precision oncology in breast cancer (BC) remain unclear. (biomedcentral.com)
Recent cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) studies provide structural insights into key interactions between capsid protein (CP) and trans-membrane glycoproteins E1 and E2. (rcsb.org)
The crystal structure of CP and structural models of E1 and E2 were fitted into the cryo-EM density map of Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus (VEEV) for detailed analysis of CP-glycoprotein interactions. (rcsb.org)
The discovery of Professor Kleanthous and colleagues came from them asking a simple question: do protein interactions play any role in the structural integrity of the outer membrane? (ox.ac.uk)
Despite structural and biochemical data demonstrating that the coronavirus nsp15 protein contains an endoribonuclease domain, its precise function during coronavirus infection remains unknown. (nih.gov)
Structural, biochemical, and biophysical studies have illuminated the role of the Sec translocon in both cotranslational and posttranslational protein targeting. (caltech.edu)
Despite its emerging role as a key structural and signaling platform, the plant NE remains one of the least understood membrane systems. (brookes.ac.uk)

Protein-carbohydrate interactions play critical roles in countless biological processes and recognition events ranging from fertilization, inflammation, and trafficking of tumor cells during metastasis. (nih.gov)
The assay quantifies insertion energetics for all natural amino acids at 27 positions across the membrane, revealing that the hydrophobicity of biological membranes is significantly higher than appreciated. (elifesciences.org)
Lipids and proteins, as essential components of biological cell membranes, exhibit a significant degree of freedom for different kinds of motions including lateral long-range mobility. (frontiersin.org)
These sensors provide us with the ability to map membrane charges and receptor dynamics in a cell over time, which has increased our ability to understand the biological function of membrane charge in different cell activities," Alex said. (edu.au)
Biological proteins are usually classified as fibrous, membrane and globular. (creation.com)
Cholesterol, a major component of biological membranes that can be extracted from sources like eggs, is a 27-carbon compound with a structure that includes a tail - made of hydrocarbons - attached to a flat core, which consists of four hydrocarbon rings. (technologynetworks.com)

The effect of Hofmeister anions on the properties of the gramicidin A channel in artificial lipid membranes. (nih.gov)
Her lab is investigating how lipid membranes contribute to cells' interactions with the environment and how transporters move neurotransmitters from cell to cell. (nih.gov)
In this study, we model the interactions of lipid membranes with different types of protein scaffolds and active forces to provide mechanistic insights into CME. (purdue.edu)
To this end, we develop and employ an extended theoretical framework of lipid membranes that entertains spatial heterogeneity and local anisotropy that could arise from membrane-protein interactions. (purdue.edu)

Small integral membrane protein 14, also known as SMIM14 or C4orf34, is a protein encoded on chromosome 4 of the human genome by the SMIM14 gene. (wikipedia.org)
10. Loss of the integral nuclear envelope protein SUN1 induces alteration of nucleoli. (nih.gov)
Ubiquitous across all kingdoms of life, it is a protein-conducting channel that facilitates recognition of integral membrane protein domains and the establishment of integral membrane protein topology. (caltech.edu)
In particular, quantitative assays have established the dependence of transmembrane domain (TM) stop-transfer efficiency and integral membrane protein topogenesis on the physicochemical properties of the translocon and protein nascent chain. (caltech.edu)
Furthermore, the simulations demonstrated the role of specific molecular interactions in the regulation of protein secretion, membrane integration, and integral membrane protein topology. (caltech.edu)
These results provide a detailed, mechanistic basis for understanding experimentally observed correlations between integral membrane protein topology, translocon mutagenesis, and nascent-protein sequence. (caltech.edu)
The method enabled direct simulation of both integral membrane protein topogenesis and TM stop-transfer efficiency. (caltech.edu)
Members of the glypican-related integral membrane proteoglycan family contain a core protein anchored to the cytoplasmic membrane via a glycosyl phosphatidylinositol (GPI) linkage. (thermofisher.com)
V/I)XPX sequence is a general OS localization signal that can function in the context of both integral and peripheral membrane proteins. (jneurosci.org)
At present, rhodopsin, an integral membrane protein, is the only OS protein for which an OS localization signal has been defined. (jneurosci.org)
Comparing detergent micelles and polymer nanodiscs for solubilization and purification of the integral membrane protein vesicular monoamine transporter 2. (uib.no)

Activity of Adenylyl Cyclase Type 6 Is Suppressed by Direct Binding of the Cytoskeletal Protein 4.1G. Saito M, et al . (nih.gov)
Axonal microtubules have two essential roles: providing the track for organelle transport and forming the cytoskeletal framework to maintain axonal morphology. (go.jp)
Microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs) are essential for the formation of cytoskeletal architecture. (go.jp)
Local activation of protein kinase pathways in the axon might play an important role on the segregation of microtubules serving for either organelle transport or cytoskeletal architecture. (go.jp)
In addition to its various tasks as a cytoskeletal- and membrane-associated protein, AnxA2 can function as a trans-acting protein binding to cis-acting sequences of specific mRNAs. (uib.no)
Subcellular fractionation and confocal microscopy of rat neuroendocrine PC12 cells showed that Ser25-phosphorylated AnxA2 (pSer25AnxA2) is absent from the nucleus and mainly localised to the perinuclear region, evidently associating with both membranes and cytoskeletal elements. (uib.no)

[ 14 ] Drugs have predetermined affinities for various transporter proteins, and their interactions with the transporters help determine the extent of drug absorption in the small intestine. (medscape.com)
It can be hypothesized that those transporters that are more frequently found in the duodenum and upper jejunum play a role in decreased drug absorption in the RYGB patient. (medscape.com)
Schematic diagram of an enterocyte showing absorptive and efflux drug transporters as well as intracellular metabolic enzymes.14 PEPT-1 = peptide transporter 1, OATP = organic anion-transporting polypeptide, BCRP = breast cancer resistance protein, MRP2 = multidrug-resistance-associated protein 2, CYP = cytochrome P-450, UGT = uridine diphosphate-glucuronosyltranferase, PST = phenol-sulfotransferase, GST = glutathione S-transferase. (medscape.com)
To define the regulatory roles of lipid transporters in LYC and PE systemic exposure in vivo. (nih.gov)
Our vision for the upcoming conference is to link molecular and mechanistic insights on clinically important membrane transporters - including carriers, ion channels and pumps, to human disease. (grc.org)
Along with new topics on rational drug design, mining big data and perspectives from Pharma, we will continue to focus on protein structure and dynamics, cell biology and physiological function of membrane transporters. (grc.org)
Together, this work represents the first detailed analyses of the interactions between eukaryotic membrane transporters and their associated lipids. (bl.uk)

We aim to both increase our basic understanding of stiffness-sensing biochemical sensing and to identify cell type-specific interactions that can be targeted for chemotherapeutics and muscular dystrophies. (umassmed.edu)
Here, we combine mass spectrometry (MS)-based techniques with molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, in vivo biochemical assays, and other biophysical techniques to characterise how protein-lipid interactions affect the oligomerisation, conformation, and function of the structurally related xanthine/uric acid transporter UapA from Aspergillus nidulans and the boron transporter BOR1 from Saccharomyces cerevisiae (ScBOR1p). (bl.uk)

Coronavirus (CoV) replication and transcription are carried out in close proximity to restructured endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membranes in replication/transcription complexes (RTC). (nih.gov)
In this study, high-resolution confocal light microscopy is used to explore the localisation of SUN3 and SUN4 in the perinuclear region, to explore topology and to study the role of mid-SUNs on endoplasmic reticulum morphology. (brookes.ac.uk)
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is an extensive network of membranes that folds, modifies, and transports proteins in eukaryotic cells. (cshlpress.com)

Their projects build on their recent findings that: trafficking of neuronal molecules such as glutamate receptors is highly dynamic, regulations of protein-protein interactions play key roles in the control of this trafficking at different steps, including lateral diffusion, endo and exocytosis, modulation of glutamate receptor trafficking has a profound impact on synaptic transmission, including on both short and long term post-synaptic plasticity. (nih.gov)
The encoded protein may play a role in clustering of NMDA receptors at excitatory synapses. (nih.gov)
The role of biomembranes in signal transduction via membrane receptors, cell-cell-, and cell-matrix interactions. (biomembranes.nl)
Taken together, our data reveal how these ribosome receptors organize membrane protein biogenesis in mitochondria. (molbiolcell.org)

8. Differential incorporation of SUN-domain proteins into LINC complexes is coupled to gene expression. (nih.gov)
Even more surprising was the finding that the resulting network of promiscuous protein-lipid-protein complexes spans the entire bacterial surface and embedded within it hexagonal lattices reminiscent of those used to strengthen protective body armour. (ox.ac.uk)
The strong association of nsp15 with replication complexes and interactions with replicative CoV enzymes suggest nsp15 is involved in CoV replication. (nih.gov)
By combining the expertise of chemists, biochemists, cell biologists, biophysicists and neurophysiologists, they will develop 3 main research axes: dynamics and physical-chemistry of the macro-molecular complexes of the synapse, nano-scale organization and dynamics of synaptic proteins and membrane trafficking, impact of the dynamic of synapse organization on synaptic physiology. (nih.gov)
In the present study, we have examined the role of Ser25 phosphorylation in subcellular localisation of AnxA2 and its interaction with mRNP complexes. (uib.no)
The mitochondrial ribosomes (mitoribosomes) synthesize, almost exclusively, membrane proteins that are subunits of oxidative phosphorylation complexes. (molbiolcell.org)

hence, they play a variety of important physiological roles such as transmembrane transport, signal transduction, and cell adhesion. (harvard.edu)
6 They regulate, among many other functions, signal transduction, transport across the membrane and secretion. (creation.com)

Involved in positive regulation of protein localization to cell cortex. (nih.gov)
In this work, we created a novel in situ tagged form of nsp15 to study interactions and localization during infection. (nih.gov)
Protein expression and localization were determined using immunohistochemistry and western blot analysis. (molvis.org)
Efficient OS localization requires both membrane association and the prRDH sequence. (jneurosci.org)
The selective localization of phototransduction proteins to the OS implies the existence of a sorting system that specifically enriches for some proteins while excluding others. (jneurosci.org)

Another hypothesis is that SYT mediates Ca 2+ interactions with SNARE proteins and facilitates the fusion process by providing Ca 2+ ions to the synaptic vesicle fusion apparatus [4, 5]. (aiche.org)
The various roles of nanoscale AMPA receptor dynamics in synaptic plasticity / Daniel Choquet. (nih.gov)
Cntnap4 is a pre- synaptic membrane protein whereby global Cntnap4 loss differentially inhibits GABAergic output and augments dopaminergic transmission, and can induce autism spectrum disorder (ASD)-like behaviors in mice. (hhs.gov)

The potential of mean force (PMF) between SYT and phospholipid bilayers is calculated using the adaptive biasing technique [7] and shows that Ca 2+ binding to SYT is required creates favorable protein bilayer interactions that lead to the insertion of SYT. (aiche.org)
We developed a deep mutational scanning method to monitor the effects of hundreds of point mutations on helix insertion and self-association within the bacterial inner membrane. (elifesciences.org)
We further quantitate the contributions to membrane-protein insertion from positively charged residues at the cytoplasm-membrane interface and reveal large and unanticipated differences among these residues. (elifesciences.org)
Finally, we derive comprehensive mutational landscapes in the membrane domains of Glycophorin A and the ErbB2 oncogene, and find that insertion and self-association are strongly coupled in receptor homodimers. (elifesciences.org)
Analysis of multiple, long-timescale simulations elucidated molecular features of protein insertion into the translocon, including signal-peptide docking at the translocon LG, large-lengthscale conformational rearrangement of the translocon LG helices, and partial membrane integration of hydrophobic nascent-protein sequences. (caltech.edu)
Toc75 and Toc86 are the major targets of cross-linking upon insertion of preproteins across the outer envelope membrane, supporting the proposal that both proteins function in translocation at the outer membrane as well as preprotein recognition. (rupress.org)
Membrane insertion occurs cotranslationally on membrane-bound mitochondrial ribosomes. (molbiolcell.org)
Mrx15 contacts mitochondrial translation products during their synthesis and plays, together with the ribosome receptor Mba1, an overlapping role in cotranslational protein insertion. (molbiolcell.org)

The proteomic analysis has unveiled that the major disparities are located within the bacterial secretion system pathway, which hinders membrane transportation. (bvsalud.org)

Alpha-synuclein lipid-dependent membrane binding and translocation through the alpha-hemolysin channel. (nih.gov)
Finally, we introduced a coarse-grained modeling approach that spans the nanosecond to minute-timescale dynamics of cotranslational protein translocation. (caltech.edu)
These data provide additional support for the roles of these components during protein translocation across the inner membrane. (rupress.org)
The translocon at the outer envelope membrane of chloroplasts (Toc) 1 complex mediates the initial binding of cytoplasmic preproteins at the chloroplast surface and their subsequent ATP/GTP-dependent translocation across the outer membrane. (rupress.org)
Translocation across the inner membrane is mediated by the translocon at the inner envelope membrane of chloroplasts (Tic) complex and is driven by ATP hydrolysis in the stroma. (rupress.org)

Phospholipid molecules, building blocks of cellular membranes, mostly contain zwitterionic or negatively charged headgroups exposed on the membrane/water interface. (nih.gov)
What is the barrier that prevents the vast majority of small molecules to cross the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria? (nih.gov)
We need to know which particular microRNA - there are more than 2000 different microRNA molecules - are delivered into the retinal ganglion cells and what proteins or signaling pathways are being targeted upon arrival," said Tomarev. (nih.gov)
To prevent uncontrolled transport of small molecules through the membrane, the membrane has to feature ingenious security systems that need to ne discovered. (uni-frankfurt.de)
These molecules are found in cell membranes throughout the body. (medlineplus.gov)
Though cholesterol can threaten human health, the waxy substance is one of the most important small molecules in human physiology and plays myriad critical roles in biology and medicine. (technologynetworks.com)
Despite its importance, there is still much that remains unknown about cholesterol, specifically how these sterol molecules move and function within the cellular membrane of the cells. (technologynetworks.com)
In a recently published study in the Journal of the American Chemical Society , biochemistry professor Chad M. Rienstra, University of Wisconsin-Madison, and University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign chemistry professors Martin D. Burke and Taras V. Pogorelov, detail how they combined new advanced experimental and computational methods to capture how cholesterol molecules move in the membrane of cells. (technologynetworks.com)

Biogenesis of membranes and the transport and sorting of lipids and proteins. (biomembranes.nl)

From NCBI Gene: This gene encodes a member of the membrane-associated guanylate kinase protein family. (nih.gov)
As a second set of experiments, we investigated the effects of modulating cAMP dependent protein kinase pathway on organelle transports in primary sensory neurons, where high-molecular-weight tau protein is the major MAP. (go.jp)
This study evaluated the roles of PINK1 mitochondrial kinase, and Parkin E3 ubiquitin ligase in targeting depolarized mitochondria for degradation in vivo, using quantitative measurements of mitochondria in Drosophila nervous system. (sdbonline.org)
The Parkinson's disease genes pink1 and parkin , which encode a mitochondrially targeted protein kinase, and an E3 ubiquitin ligase, respectively, participate in a key mitochondrial quality-control pathway that eliminates damaged mitochondria. (sdbonline.org)
Perinuclear targeting of AnxA2 was abolished by inhibition of protein kinase C activity, which resulted in cortical enrichment of the protein. (uib.no)
With Nell-1 serving as an agonist of Wnt/ß-catenin signaling, AIM 2 will determine how integrin ß1, a Nell-1 binding partner, and glycogen synthase kinase-3ß (GSK3ß), a crucial regulator of ß-catenin phosphorylation, modulate Nell-1/Cntnap4 interaction-mediated Wnt/ß-catenin signaling activation during CNCC osteogenesis. (hhs.gov)
Perilipin 5 (PLIN5) is a lipid-droplet-associated protein that coordinates intracellular lipolysis in highly oxidative tissues and is thought to regulate lipid metabolism in response to phosphorylation by protein kinase A (PKA). (uci.edu)

Completion of the Human Genome Project and technological advances now make it possible to probe the molecular pathology of rare and common pulmonary diseases associated with disorders in membrane trafficking pathways. (nih.gov)
This Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) issued by t he National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute , National Institutes of Health (NIH), solicits research grant applications to delineate t he protein interactions and pathways governing membrane trafficking pathways operative in pulmonary health and disease and develop novel therapeutic interventions. (nih.gov)
The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute invites research grant applications to delineate the protein interactions and pathways governing membrane trafficking pathways operative in pulmonary health and disease and develop novel therapeutic interventions. (nih.gov)
We have linked membrane proteins known for their roles in muscular dystrophies to signaling pathways understood best for their roles during tumor cell growth and migration. (umassmed.edu)
Simulations revealed multiple kinetic pathways for protein integration, including a mechanism in which the nascent protein undergoes slow-timescale reorientation, or flipping, in the confined environment of the translocon channel. (caltech.edu)
Competition among these pathways gives rise to the experimentally observed dependence of protein topology on ribosomal translation rate and protein length. (caltech.edu)

Synaptotagmin (SYT) and SNAREs have been identified as critical proteins that regulate membrane fusion in concert with Ca 2+ [1, 2]. (aiche.org)
It may also negatively regulate cell proliferation through interaction with the C-terminal region of the adenomatosis polyposis coli tumor suppressor protein. (nih.gov)
We have the very first direct evidence that electrostatic interactions regulate T cell receptor signalling. (edu.au)
Various post-translational modifications (PTMs) regulate the localisation and function of the multifunctional protein Annexin A2 (AnxA2). (uib.no)

A genome-scale genetic interaction map was constructed by examining 5.4 million gene-gene pairs for synthetic genetic interactions, generating quantitative genetic interaction profiles for approximately 75% of all genes in the budding yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae. (thebiogrid.org)
A Synthetic Genetic Array (SGA) analysis was carried out to quantitatively score genetic interactions based on fitness defects that were estimated from the colony size of double versus single mutants. (thebiogrid.org)
In eukaryotic cells the genetic material is surrounded by a membrane system called the nuclear envelope (NE). (brookes.ac.uk)
This would indicate that abiogenesis beginning with proteins in the absence of a genetic code would have no scientific support. (creation.com)

In addition, microbes and many viruses display dense glycan structures, carbohydrate-binding proteins, or both on their outer membranes. (nih.gov)
A new study published in the journal Science Advances sheds light on how Gram-negative bacteria like E. coli construct their outer membrane to resemble body armour, which has far-reaching implications for the development of antibiotics. (ox.ac.uk)
They undertook a microscopic examination of the outer membrane of E. coli to understand the molecular basis for the protection it affords against many classes of antibiotics. (ox.ac.uk)
The outer membrane is composed of two types of lipids that stack on top of each other, an unusual arrangement which, it was thought, is solely responsible for making the membrane resistant to antibiotics. (ox.ac.uk)
As well as lipids, the outer membrane contains numerous proteins which the bacterium relies on to acquire nutrients and excrete waste products. (ox.ac.uk)
Image: Magnified view of the E. coli outer membrane showing hexagonal clustering of proteins (red/green), alongside body armour for comparison. (ox.ac.uk)
By tagging the outer face of proteins within the outer membrane with photoreactive chemicals, they found that not only was each protein surrounded by a ring of stacked lipids but that these lipids were shared with neighbouring membrane proteins. (ox.ac.uk)
This work completely changes our understanding of the outer membrane, its physical characteristics and how it is built,' Professor Kleanthous explains. (ox.ac.uk)
The full paper, ' Lipids Mediate Supramolecular Outer Membrane Protein Assembly in Bacteria ', is published in the journal Science Advances . (ox.ac.uk)
During energy-independent binding at the outer envelope membrane, preproteins interact with three known components of the outer membrane translocon complex, Toc34, Toc75, and Toc86. (rupress.org)
suggesting that a portion of the outer and inner membrane import machineries may be stably linked under steady state conditions. (rupress.org)
The results highlight the importance of mid-SUNs as functional components of the ER and outer nuclear membrane. (brookes.ac.uk)
Photoreceptor retinol dehydrogenase (prRDH) is a membrane-associated cytosolic protein that localizes to the outer segments (OS) of rods and cones. (jneurosci.org)

Her project aims to uncover fundamental details about the transport of glutamate, which is critical for learning and cognition processes of the brain, and the role of ions in this process. (nih.gov)
6. Mammalian SUN protein interaction networks at the inner nuclear membrane and their role in laminopathy disease processes. (nih.gov)
Particle uptake in vitro into cells did not occur by any of the expected endocytic processes, but rather by diffusion or adhesive interactions. (nih.gov)
Contributors examine how proteins translocate across the ER membrane, the processes that occur inside the ER lumen (e.g., folding, glycosylation, and disulfide bond formation), and how the proteins are packaged into vesicles and transported to the Golgi. (cshlpress.com)

In this work, molecular dynamics simulations used to understand the interactions of SYT with phospholipid bilayers and SNARE proteins in an effort to elucidate the process of membrane fusion at the atomic level. (aiche.org)
11. Dynamics and molecular interactions of linker of nucleoskeleton and cytoskeleton (LINC) complex proteins. (nih.gov)
The predominant role of the mitochondrial contact site and cristae organizing system (MICOS) complex in structuring the inner mitochondrial membrane (IMM) and cristae junctions formation and in affecting mitochondrial dynamics and metabolism has recently become the focus of a growing number of investigations [ 8 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
In order to probe the influence of a peptide, a transmembrane sequence of the transferrin receptor (TFRC) protein, on the dynamics of 1,2-dimyristoyl- sn -glycero-3-phosphocholine (DMPC) large unilamellar vesicles (LUVs) on a nanosecond time scale, high-resolution QENS experiments and complementary MD simulations have been utilized. (frontiersin.org)
Thereby, membrane dynamics cover a large range of length and time scales. (frontiersin.org)
Now UNSW researchers can monitor the membrane environment with the charge sensor, and the dynamics of the receptor with the clustering sensor. (edu.au)
We further developed a novel computational protocol that combines nonequilibrium growth of the nascent protein with microsecond-timescale molecular dynamics trajectories. (caltech.edu)
Understanding cholesterol dynamics can have broad implications for health and disease studies, helping to explore its impact on membrane proteins. (technologynetworks.com)
Its dynamics are critical for the maintenance and regulation of membrane fluidity, sterol interactions with lipids and proteins, and the interactions of viruses with human cells. (technologynetworks.com)
Understanding of the movements and interactions of cholesterol in living systems have been the subject of decades of intense studies but the exact molecular dynamics have remained elusive, partly due to limitations in studying commercially available sterols and resolution of the current solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (SSNMR) techniques. (technologynetworks.com)
For the first time, researchers in this study were able to label each carbon atom and design a protocol investigating the atomistic dynamics, or motion and forces, on each atom to reveal an overall picture of how cholesterol moves in a membrane. (technologynetworks.com)
Additional research probed the conformational dynamics of UapA in different lipid compositions using hydrogen-deuterium exchange MS (HDX-MS). The results revealed that protein-lipid interactions stabilise the mobile domain of UapA responsible for substrate transport. (bl.uk)

Membrane surface potential is an important determinant in regulation of membrane transport, cell-cell recognition, and membrane bound enzymes. (nih.gov)

An organellar Nα-acetyltransferase, Naa60, acetylates cytosolic n termini of transmembrane proteins and maintains golgi integrity. (uib.no)

Clathrin-mediated endocytosis (CME) is a key metabolic pathway that plays a central role in the delivery of nutrients and drug carriers into cells. (purdue.edu)
The Pink1/parkin pathway plays a role in the quality control mechanism aimed at eliminating defective mitochondria, and the failure of this mechanism results in a reduced lifespan and impaired locomotor ability, among other phenotypes. (sdbonline.org)

Binds to the phospholipid lysobisphosphatidic acid (LBPA) which is abundant in MVBs internal membranes. (abcam.com)

The predicted molecular weight (Mw) of the SMIM14 protein is 10710.34 Da. (wikipedia.org)
Charged groups play the well-recognized roles in functioning of proteins, nucleic acids, phospholipids, and their supra-molecular assemblies. (nih.gov)
FRMD7 is expressed in the brain and knock-down studies suggest it plays a role in neurite extension through modulation of the actin cytoskeleton, yet little is known about its precise molecular function and the effects of IIN mutations. (nih.gov)
Due to their interactions, they not only preserve the cellular membrane but also contribute to many important cellular functions as e.g., signal transport or molecular exchange of the cell with its surrounding. (frontiersin.org)
UNSW researchers with the ARC Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging have built a sensor to measure the membrane charge of our T cells. (edu.au)
however, complexities associated with the Sec machinery, including the role of collaborating molecular motors, the importance of large-scale conformational changes in the translocon, and the crowded molecular environment of the channel interior, obscure the mechanistic basis for many experimentally observed trends. (caltech.edu)
Our results suggest a defined sequence of molecular interactions that result in the transport of nuclear-encoded preproteins from the cytoplasm into the stroma of chloroplasts. (rupress.org)
I'm using cell and molecular biology techniques, biochemistry as well as microscopy to characterise the plant SUN proteins. (brookes.ac.uk)
The phosphorylated protein is present as high-molecular-mass forms, indicating that it contains additional covalent PTMs, apparently triggered by its Ser25 phosphorylation. (uib.no)
Mucoproteínas de peso molecular elevado que forman una película biológica protectora en la superficie de las CÉLULAS EPITELIALES, donde proporcionan una barrera contra determinadas materias y microorganismos. (bvsalud.org)
The molecular basis of a number of rarer HRFC syndromes remains unknown, and it is hoped that these insights might provide a rationale for the selection of candidate genes in the future, on the basis of protein function. (bmj.com)
Our understanding of the precise molecular basis of these interactions is currently limited. (bl.uk)

While this protein is not well understood by the scientific community, the transmembrane domain of SMIM14 may be involved in ER retention. (wikipedia.org)
SMIM14 has one transmembrane domain, so it is classified as a single-pass membrane protein. (wikipedia.org)

Cholesterol plays crucial roles in biology and medicine, affecting membrane fluidity, sterol interactions, and virus interactions with cells. (technologynetworks.com)

Idiopathic infantile nystagmus (IIN) is a genetically heterogeneous disorder of eye movement that can be caused by mutations in the FRMD7 gene that encodes a FERM domain protein. (nih.gov)
Transcription of the mutant allele was detectable for 34% of protein-coding mutations, and 20% exhibited allele-specific expression. (nature.com)
These mutations change single protein building blocks (amino acids) in alkylglycerone phosphate synthase, which alters the structure of the enzyme and significantly reduces its activity. (medlineplus.gov)

Finally, we showed that the energetics of the translocon LG opening in the presence of the substrate peptides can be modeled in terms of the energetics of the peptide interface with the membrane. (caltech.edu)
To inhibit itch, we are developing interfering peptides to block the R7BP and R7-RGS/Gß5 interactions. (nih.gov)
Both experiments yielded peptides involved in the RGS7/9-R7BP interaction, with one R7BP peptide common to both. (nih.gov)

Creationist scientists and Intelligent Design proponents have drawn attention to the sparseness of native-like folded proteins among random polypeptide sequences. (creation.com)
and the need for many protein sequences which fold into a single stable conformation. (creation.com)
By analogy with other subcellular sorting systems, OS sorting must involve the recognition of one or more sequences or conformations that distinguish OS proteins from other proteins within the cell. (jneurosci.org)

18. The function of the inner nuclear envelope protein SUN1 in mRNA export is regulated by phosphorylation. (nih.gov)
It is known that the phosphorylation of MAPs reduces their interaction with microtubules. (go.jp)
FLIM-FRET analysis of protein-protein interactions showed that PLIN5 S155 phosphorylation regulates PLIN5 interaction with adipose triglyceride lipase at the lipid droplet, but not with α-β hydrolase domain-containing 5. (uci.edu)

Transporter proteins are typically located at the apical or basolateral surfaces of enterocytes and can play a role in either influx or efflux of drugs from cells (Figure 2). (medscape.com)
Exosomes also facilitate cell-to-cell interactions and play a signaling role, prompting research into their potential therapeutic effect. (nih.gov)
The protein may play a role in the adhesive interactions of activated T and NK cells during the late phase of the immune response. (sigmaaldrich.com)
Electrostatic interactions between proteins (the receptor) and the membrane play a key role here. (edu.au)
Plasmalogens may also play important roles in interactions between lipids and proteins, the transmission of chemical signals in cells, and the fusion of cell membranes. (medlineplus.gov)
This protein may be involved in the suppression/modulation of growth in the predominantly mesodermal tissues and organs, and may play a role in the modulation of IGF2 interactions with its receptor and thereby modulate its function. (thermofisher.com)
These proteins may play a role in the control of cell division, growth regulation, and tumor predisposition. (thermofisher.com)
The results indicated that proteins such as p27BBP protein (EIF6), heat shock 60 kDa protein 1 (HSPD1), and chaperonin containing TCP1 subunit 6A isoform (CCT6A) might play important roles in the effects of SCU. (hindawi.com)
Thus, the lipids play slightly different roles in UapA and ScBOR1p. (bl.uk)

Written and edited by experts in the field, this collection from Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology covers all aspects of ER morphology and function, as well as its interactions with the nucleus, Golgi, and mitochondria. (cshlpress.com)

P-glycoprotein, also referred to as multidrug-resistance protein 1, is an example of an efflux transporter that is located on the apical membrane of intestinal enterocytes. (medscape.com)

From SMIM14, transcript variant 1, a protein of 99 amino acids is synthesized. (wikipedia.org)
A recombinant fusion protein containing a sequence corresponding to amino acids 21-211 of human Glypican 3. (thermofisher.com)
Contrary to this opinion, it was alleged that protein folds are very common among random amino acid chains. (creation.com)
In Part 1 we address protein-folding experiments that are based on proteins constructed of very few but specified types of amino acids. (creation.com)
Here, we demonstrate that the C-terminal 16 amino acids of prRDH confer membrane association as well as cone and rod OS targeting on a linked green fluorescent protein. (jneurosci.org)

The Role of Protein-Protein and Protein-Membrane Interactions on P450 Function. (nih.gov)
CD96 (cluster of differentiation 96) plays major inhibitory roles in immune function. (sigmaaldrich.com)
nsp15 localizes to sites of RNA replication, but whether it acts independently or requires additional interactions for its function remains unknown. (nih.gov)
These data and tools developed in this study help elucidate the function of nsp15 during infection and may be used to uncover other novel viral protein interactions. (nih.gov)
Results obtained in these three axes will be constantly integrated to provide a global view of glutamatergic synapse physiology, from nano-scale interactions to function. (nih.gov)
These data provide the first evidence for a direct role for Toc34 in import, and provide insights into the function of GTP as a regulator of preprotein recognition. (rupress.org)
9 To function at all, and reliably, globular proteins must fold into precise three dimensional structures. (creation.com)
However, despite its high expression in the brain, there has been a lack of understanding of Nell-1's function in the nervous system until the recent identification of a ligand-receptor like interaction between Nell-1 and Cntnap4. (hhs.gov)
Interactions with membrane lipids have long been known to affect a wide range of membrane protein properties including folding, stability, and function. (bl.uk)

Associated with these questions we investigate the transport of macromolecules, like proteins and lipids, across and in membranes surrounding the different cellular compartments as well as the whole cell. (uni-frankfurt.de)

From this, we conclude that nsp15 localizes and interacts with CoV proteins in the RTC, suggesting it plays a direct or indirect role in virus replication. (nih.gov)
It also manufactures lipids and interacts extensively with other organelles, playing essential roles in cell growth and homeostasis. (cshlpress.com)
Here, by employing a systematic mass spectrometry-based approach, we discovered the previously uncharacterized membrane protein Mrx15 that interacts via a soluble C-terminal domain with the large ribosomal subunit. (molbiolcell.org)

In one hypothesis, SYT penetrates the negatively charged membrane bilayer after binding Ca 2+ , causing tubulation of the bilayer, thereby lowering the activation energy barrier for fusion [3]. (aiche.org)

It is predicted that one disulfide bridge is encoded in SMIM14, which stabilizes the tertiary (and sometimes quaternary) structures of proteins. (wikipedia.org)

The inner membrane mitochondrial protein (IMMT) is a central unit of the mitochondrial contact site and cristae organizing system (MICOS). (biomedcentral.com)
This study combined a multi-omics survey with experimental verification to reveal the novel clinical significance of IMMT in BC, demonstrating its role in TIME, cancer cell growth and mitochondrial fitness, and identified pyridostatin as a promising drug candidate for the development of precision medicine. (biomedcentral.com)
Although mitochondrial membrane potential was diminished by PINK1 deletion, the predicted increases in mitochondrial density or length in axons were not seen. (sdbonline.org)

Preliminary mechanism studies have demonstrated that 7c is capable of altering bacterial morphology, inducing reactive oxygen species accumulation, promoting bacterial cell apoptosis, inhibiting normal cell growth, and affecting cell membrane permeability. (bvsalud.org)
The RGS7-binding protein (R7BP) anchors the R7-RGS/Gß5 duplex to the cell membrane to enhance its GAP activity. (nih.gov)

The exquisite selectivity and unique transport properties of membrane proteins can be harnessed for a variety of engineering and biomedical applications if suitable membranes can be produced. (harvard.edu)
Ionized drugs may require active transport across cell membranes via transporter proteins. (medscape.com)
Research: To understand the mechanistic causes of heterogeneous responses to diet, I propose to study how interactions between PE and LYC with candidate membrane transport proteins dictate systemic carotenoid exposure. (nih.gov)
However, they may have additional roles on the regulation of organelle transport by their interaction with motor proteins on the microtubules. (go.jp)
Better understanding of this membrane system involves understanding its physical connections and its signaling and transport functions. (brookes.ac.uk)
2016 marks the 10th anniversary of the Gordon Research Conference on Membrane Transport Proteins, which has been held every two years since 1998. (grc.org)
The conference will highlight translational aspects of membrane transport proteins as targets in neurological and psychiatric disorders as well as the gamut of human diseases including cardiovascular, diabetes and cancer. (grc.org)
Sessions will include emerging technologies in stem cells, proteomics, gene editing, and 3-D organoids in the context of their application to membrane transport proteins. (grc.org)
This GRC will be held in conjunction with the "Membrane Transport Proteins" Gordon Research Seminar (GRS). (grc.org)
Phosphorylated TH hinges with vesicular membrane proteins for axonal transport. (uib.no)

Transfection of tau or MAP2C gene suppressed organelle movement almost completely in this cell type, hence interaction of axonal MAPs with microtubules interferes with organelle transports. (go.jp)

Long-range electrostatic forces are crucially involved in many interactions within and between biomolecules. (nih.gov)
Now, there is a tool for measuring electrostatic membrane interactions in cells. (edu.au)

To gain a detailed understanding of the interactions leading to protein-carbohydrate recognition, we use glycan profiling, biophysical techniques, viral infectivity assays, and high-resolution structure determination by NMR or S-ray crystallography. (nih.gov)

DEC-205 (CD205), a member of the macrophage mannose receptor protein family, is the prototypic endocytic receptor of dendritic cells, whose ligands include phosphorothioated cytosine-guanosine (CpG) oligonucleotides, a motif often seen in bacterial or viral DNA. (uci.edu)

Globular proteins have been the best studied, being easier to isolate in vitro , separated from other cellular bio-chemical interactions. (creation.com)
Protein N-terminal acetyltransferases act as N-terminal propionyltransferases in vitro and in vivo. (uib.no)

Within the N-terminus, SMIM14 is predicted to have three palmitoylation sites, which facilitates the clustering of proteins, and one disulfide bridge, stabilizing the structure of the protein. (wikipedia.org)

The Sec translocon is a central component of the cellular machinery for targeting and delivering nascent proteins. (caltech.edu)
We found that inclusion of a hydrophobic peptide substrate in the translocon stabilizes an open conformation of the lateral gate (LG) that is necessary for membrane integration, whereas inclusion of a hydrophilic peptide substrate favors only the closed LG conformation. (caltech.edu)
We further demonstrated that sigmoidal dependence of stop-transfer efficiency on TM hydrophobicity arises from local equilibration of the TM across the translocon LG, and it was predicted that slowing ribosomal translation yields decreased stop-transfer efficiency in long proteins. (caltech.edu)

Consequently, this proposal hypothesizes that Nell-1 has dual roles in the brain and craniofacial bones (CB) via a novel interaction between Nell-1 and Cntnap4, and that disruption of the Nell-1/Cntnap4 functional axis will not only induce deficits in CB, but also interfere with neural transmission in the brain. (hhs.gov)

We believe this peptide region is an essential interaction surface on R7BP and an ideal target for peptide design to block interaction between R7BP and RGS proteins. (nih.gov)

Class E VPS protein involved in concentration and sorting of cargo proteins of the multivesicular body (MVB) for incorporation into intralumenal vesicles (ILVs) that are generated by invagination and scission from the limiting membrane of the endosome. (abcam.com)

Aquaporin-0 (AQP0) is a lens-specific water channel that also forms membrane junctions. (harvard.edu)

Particles within cells are not membrane bound and hence have direct access to intracellular proteins, organelles, and DNA, which may greatly enhance their toxic potential. (nih.gov)

Textbooks classically show these proteins dotted randomly in the membrane, contributing little to its stability or structure. (ox.ac.uk)

CP possesses a chymotrypsin-like fold with a hydrophobic pocket at the surface responsible for interaction with glycoproteins. (rcsb.org)
and extended hydrophobic contacts between the nascent protein and the membrane lipid bilayer were shown to stabilize configurations that are consistent with the Type III (Nexo/Ccyt) topology. (caltech.edu)

Proteins differentially expressed between control and SCU-treated group, control and HR group, or HR and SCU + HR group were identified using mass spectrometry (MS/MS). Possible interaction network of these target-related proteins was predicted using bioinformatic analysis. (hindawi.com)
Proteins differentially expressed between control and SCU-treated group and proteins differentially expressed between HR and SCU + HR group were considered as possible target-related proteins of SCU. (hindawi.com)
At the same time, proteins differentially expressed between control and HR group were also identified to provide information about possible proteins involved in HR injury. (hindawi.com)

It is located in the intestinal brush-border membrane. (medscape.com)
A scavenger receptor B (CD36)-like protein is a potential mediator of intestinal heme absorption in the hematophagous ectoparasite Lepeophtheirus salmonis. (uib.no)

The nucleocapsid core interaction with endodomains of glycoproteins plays a critical role in the alphavirus life cycle that is essential to virus budding. (rcsb.org)

Anatomy45

Organisms13

Chemicals and Drugs108

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment31

Phenomena and Processes58

Disciplines and Occupations2

Technology, Industry, Agriculture7

Information Science3

Health Care1

Plasma membrane10

Lipids and proteins in biological membranes2

Structural11

Biological6

Lipid membranes4

Integral11

Cytoskeletal6

Transporters7

Biochemical2

Endoplasmic reticulum3

Receptors4

Complexes6

Signal transduction2

Localization5

Synaptic3

Insertion8

Secretion1

Translocation5

Molecules8

Biogenesis1

Kinase7

Pathways6

Regulate4

Genetic4

Outer13

Processes4

Dynamics12

Regulation of membrane1

Cytosolic1

Pathway2

Phospholipid1

Molecular12

Transmembrane domain2

Fluidity1

Mutations3

Peptides3

Sequences3

Phosphorylation3

Play9

Mitochondria1

Multidrug-resistance1

Amino5

Function9

Macromolecules1

Interacts3

Negatively1

Structures1

Mitochondrial3

Cell membrane2

Transport10

Axonal1

Electrostatic2

Biophysical1

Bacterial1

Vitro2

Facilitates1

Translocon3

Functional1

Peptide1

Vesicles1

Junctions1

Intracellular1

Stability1

Hydrophobic2

Differentially3

Intestinal2

Glycoproteins1