• Here we investigated the role of IPO13 in the pathogenesis of pterygium and the underlying mechanism including interaction with other cell proliferation-related factors: keratin 17 (K17), a lesional protein and a member of the type I keratins, and c-Jun, a protein of the activator protein-1 complex. (molvis.org)
  • We provided novel evidence that IPO13 may contribute to the pathogenesis of pterygium via modulation of K17 and c-Jun. (molvis.org)
  • The pathogenesis and mechanism of the pterygium remain largely unknown. (molvis.org)
  • Coroneo MT, Di Girolamo N, Wakefield D. The pathogenesis of pterygia. (medscape.com)
  • Whilst chronic ultraviolet (UV) light exposure plays a major role in its pathogenesis, higher susceptibility to pterygium is observed in some families, suggesting a genetic component. (unimore.it)
  • We propose here a series of intracellular events where CRIM1 regulation of the ERK pathway prevents UV-induced cell proliferation and may play an important role in the in the pathogenesis of pterygium. (unimore.it)
  • This study indicates that both inflammation and angiogenesis play pivotal role, in parallel, in pathogenesis of pterygium. (scialert.net)
  • PurposeHypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) are considered to play a significant role in the pathogenesis of pterygium. (deepdyve.com)
  • Because the antitumor activities of supplement D are mediated through the nuclear supplement D receptor (VDR) mainly, the purpose of today's study was to research supplement D position in individuals with pterygium and in charge topics, and VDR immunohistochemical manifestation in examples of pterygium and regular conjunctiva to be Birinapant inhibitor able to assess a possible function of supplement D pathway in the pathogenesis of the condition. (bibf1120.com)
  • Although its pathogenesis appears multi-factorial, chronic irritation, angiogenesis and uncontrolled proliferation possess a key function in the pathogenesis of pterygium. (bibf1120.com)
  • A pterygium of the eye (plural pterygia or pterygiums, also called surfer's eye) is a pinkish, roughly triangular tissue growth of the conjunctiva onto the cornea of the eye. (wikipedia.org)
  • In advanced cases the pterygium can affect vision as it invades the cornea with the potential of obscuring the optical center of the cornea and inducing astigmatism and corneal scarring. (wikipedia.org)
  • The predominance of pterygia on the nasal side is possibly a result of peripheral light focusing, where the sun's rays passing laterally through the cornea, where they undergo refraction and become focused on the limbic area. (wikipedia.org)
  • Unlike pterygium, pinguecula is seen only on the conjunctiva, it will not progress to limbus or cornea. (wikipedia.org)
  • Another condition which is similar to pterygium is inflammatory adhesion of conjunctiva to cornea known as pseudopterygium. (wikipedia.org)
  • Unlike pterygium, it may occur anywhere around cornea and the adhesion is usually limited to its apex. (wikipedia.org)
  • Pterygia can vary from small, atrophic quiescent lesions to large, aggressive, rapidly growing fibrovascular lesions that can distort the corneal topography, and, in advanced cases, they can obscure the optical center of the cornea. (medscape.com)
  • Pterygium is a pathological proliferative condition of the ocular surface, characterised by formation of a highly vascularised, fibrous tissue arising from the limbus that invades the central cornea leading to visual disturbance and, if untreated, blindness. (unimore.it)
  • CRIM1 is expressed in the developing eye, adult cornea and conjunctiva, having a role in cell differentiation and migration but also in angiogenesis, all processes involved in pterygium formation. (unimore.it)
  • Pterygium extends to cover the cornea, which can cause significant irregular corneal astigmatism, pupil occlusion and affect visual acuity. (researchsquare.com)
  • Should a pterygium grow into the cornea, the clear, outer layer of the eye, it can distort the shape of the cornea causing a condition called astigmatism or lead to corneal scarring. (blueridgesurgerycentersc.com)
  • Prior to pterygium, sufferers often have a noncancerous condition called pinguecula, which is a yellowish patch or bump on the conjunctiva near the cornea. (blueridgesurgerycentersc.com)
  • Pterygium proceeds to advance in most of time and it damages structure of cornea and thus it begins also to impact in the sight vision of the patient. (drhuseyinacar.com)
  • Pterygium is an illness of the membrane tissue framing the cornea layer of our eyes. (drhuseyinacar.com)
  • If the pterygium grows over the cornea, can cause astigmatism and blurry vision. (sightlinelaser.com)
  • Pterygium is fleshy tissue that grows over the cornea (the clear front window of the eye). (aradamansaramedicalcentre.com)
  • Unlike a pterygium, a pinguecula does not actually grow onto the cornea. (aradamansaramedicalcentre.com)
  • A pterygium, or plural pterygia, is a wing-shaped overgrowth of white conjunctival tissue that grows over the surface of the cornea. (losangelespterygium.com)
  • During the degenerative proliferation of the conjunctiva, it can grow on the anterior surface of the cornea, which lesion is called eye web, or pterygium. (drbereczkiarpad.hu)
  • Introduction Pterygium is normally a chronic condition seen as a the encroachment of changed bulbar conjunctiva in to the regular cornea.1 Histologically it includes a superficial conjunctival epithelium level and an underlying fibrovascular element, with features indicative of both degenerative procedure and disordered development. (bibf1120.com)
  • At advanced stages, pterygia can spread to the cornea and affect vision, requiring surgical removal (Torres-Gimeno 2012). (ewg.org)
  • Pterygium in the conjunctiva is characterized by elastotic degeneration of collagen (actinic elastosis) and fibrovascular proliferation. (wikipedia.org)
  • Pterygium (conjunctiva) can be diagnosed without need for a specific exam, however corneal topography is a practical test (technique) as the condition worsens. (wikipedia.org)
  • Tissue samples were collected from primary pterygia, recurrent pterygia, and normal conjunctiva to perform the following experiments: immunohistochemical measurement of IPO13 and K17. (molvis.org)
  • A pterygium is an elevated, superficial, external ocular mass that usually forms over the perilimbal conjunctiva and extends onto the corneal surface. (medscape.com)
  • Pterygium is a non-malignant, slow-growing conjunctival fibrous vascular tissue of the conjunctiva. (researchsquare.com)
  • Pterygium is a triangular fold of bulbar conjunctiva usually found in the nasal side of the interpalpebral fissure. (bijojournal.org)
  • Furthermore, 23 formalin- set and paraffin-embedded pterygium biopsy examples and 24 conjunctiva specimens had been treated for the immunohistochemical demo of VDR using the streptavidin-biotin alkaline phosphatase technique. (bibf1120.com)
  • No distinctions had been noticed about supplement D level between affected individual with control and pterygium group, but significant distinctions between VDR immunolocalization in pterygium and regular conjunctiva were noticed (P=0.00001). (bibf1120.com)
  • In conjunctiva, the immunoreactivity, localized in cytoplasm of epithelial cells generally, may demonstrate VDR legislation of cell development most likely, differentiation, and apoptosis, while in pterygium VDR co-localization in the nucleus and cytoplasm of epithelial cells may suggest choice nuclear pathways where supplement D might exert its antiinflammatory and anti-proliferative results by the legislation of gene appearance. (bibf1120.com)
  • The aim of this study is to reveal the effect of pterygium on corneal thickness, corneal curvature, tear volume, and intraocular pressure (IOP). (bijojournal.org)
  • Ultraviolet radiation may play a contributory role in the development of various ocular disorders including cataract, pterygium, ocular cancers, photokeratitis (flash burns) and corneal degenerative changes. (wilsoneyecare.ca)
  • The visual and cosmetic prognosis following pterygium excision is good. (medscape.com)
  • Those patients who develop recurrent pterygia can be retreated with repeat surgical excision and grafting, with conjunctival/limbal autografts or amniotic membrane transplants in selected patients. (medscape.com)
  • Surgical excision is the main treatment of pterygium, but the postoperative recurrence rate is high, the appearance of the eye is not ideal, postoperative foreign body feeling has been a difficult problem of clinical treatment. (researchsquare.com)
  • At present, there are many surgical methods for pterygium, including simple pterygium excision. (researchsquare.com)
  • Pterygium excision combined with autologous conjunctival flap transposition, pterygium excision combined with amniotic membrane transplantation, pterygium excision combined with autologous limbal stem cell transplantation and so on [12] . (researchsquare.com)
  • The standard treatment for pterygium is surgical excision, but the recurrence rate after surgery can be as high as 24%-89%, which compromises outcomes [ 4 ]. (oncotarget.com)
  • Uy HS, Reyes JM, Flores JD, Lim-Bon-Siong R. Comparison of fibrin glue and sutures for attaching conjunctival autografts after pterygium excision. (medscape.com)
  • Comparison of fibrin glue with sutures for pterygium excision surgery with conjunctival autografts. (ejournals.ca)
  • Patients older than 40 years have the highest prevalence of pterygia, while patients aged 20-40 years are reported to have the highest incidence of pterygium. (medscape.com)
  • Saw SM, Tan D. Pterygium: prevalence, demography and risk factors. (medscape.com)
  • Aims To determine prevalence of pterygium, its role as main cause of unilateral and bilateral visual impairment and blindness and its impact on refractive errors from adults living in a high ultraviolet exposure area in the Brazilian Amazon Region. (bmj.com)
  • Prevalence of pterygium as cause of visual impairment and blindness was 14.3% and 3.9%, respectively. (bmj.com)
  • PURPOSE: We determined whether elevated serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) was related to prevalence, location, type, length, and recurrence of pterygium in a population from the Republic of Korea. (koreamed.org)
  • Pterygium should be differentiated from pinguecula, which is histologically and etiologically similar to pterygium. (wikipedia.org)
  • Repeated exposure to UVA and UVB rays contributes to long-term eye health issues, including cataracts, macular degeneration, and growths on the eye like pterygium and pinguecula. (isightinfo.com)
  • Pterygia can develop on the nasal and/or temporal limbus and can affect either or both eyes. (medscape.com)
  • In a case-control study, 24 tissue specimens from the patients with primary moderate pterygium (cases) and 15 specimens excised from the nasal bulbar region in healthy counterparts (controls) were compared in terms of the count of mast cells (inflammation), as well as the status of Cd31/vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) expression (angiogenesis) in Tabriz Nikookari and Sina Teaching Hospitals. (scialert.net)
  • Currently the patient has the following consequences: blindness of the left eye, nasal pterygium and symblepharon. (bvsalud.org)
  • Eye rubbing causing conjunctival graft dehiscence following pterygium surgery with fibrin glue. (medscape.com)
  • Efficacy of fibrin glue versus sutures for attaching conjunctival autografts in pterygium surgery: a systematic review with meta-analysis and trial. (oncotarget.com)
  • Bahar I, Weinberger D, Gaton DD, Avisar R. Fibrin glue versus vicryl sutures for primary conjunctival closure in pterygium surgery: long-term results. (medscape.com)
  • Jain AK, Bansal R, Sukhija J. Human amniotic membrane transplantation with fibrin glue in management of primary pterygia: a new tuck-in technique. (medscape.com)
  • Role of conjunctival inflammation in surgical outcome after amniotic membrane transplantation with or without fibrin glue for pterygium. (medscape.com)
  • Limited exposure to the factors that lead to these growths may help prevent pterygium from reoccurring or growing bigger. (sightlinelaser.com)
  • People exposed to too much sun and wind sometimes develop benign growths called pterygia over the white of the eye. (ewg.org)
  • Discussion and conclusion Extensive fascial resection combined with autologous limbal stem cell sharing transplantation for the treatment of pterygium, the patient's appearance satisfaction is higher, and the recurrence probability is lower than the average recurrence rate of limbal stem cell transplantation. (researchsquare.com)
  • After surgical treatment of pterygium, there will still be a small number of mutant epithelial stem cells remaining. (researchsquare.com)
  • Treatment of pterygium disorder is performed by surgery. (drhuseyinacar.com)
  • There have been many methods in treatment of pterygium throughout the history. (drhuseyinacar.com)
  • Following surgery a pterygium may recur in around half of cases. (wikipedia.org)
  • Outcome of pterygium surgery: analysis over 14 years. (medscape.com)
  • Pterygium surgery with mitomycin-C: ten-year results. (medscape.com)
  • Therefore, we conducted an updated meta-analysis to further explore the association between FG application in pterygium surgery, and the recurrence rate, complication rate, and surgical duration. (oncotarget.com)
  • Oguz H. Amniotic membrane grafting versus conjunctival autografting in pterygium surgery. (medscape.com)
  • Postoperative conjunctival inflammation after pterygium surgery with amniotic membrane transplantation versus conjunctival autograft. (medscape.com)
  • Consider whether surgery is right for you, based on the size of the pterygium and the presence of chronic redness or irritation. (blueridgesurgerycentersc.com)
  • Surgery might also be an option if the pterygium prevents you from wearing contact lenses or is causing astigmatism. (blueridgesurgerycentersc.com)
  • If pterygium has grown large enough to cause vision problems, surgery options can be discussed with your eye surgeon. (sightlinelaser.com)
  • The aim of this study was to investigate the relative expression or immunoreactivity of HIF1α and HIF2α in the epithelium of primary pterygium, recurrences and healthy. (deepdyve.com)
  • A total of 100 patients have primary pterygium in one eye (unilateral) compared to their healthy (control) eye. (bijojournal.org)
  • Recessive MYH3 variants cause "Contractures, pterygia, and variable skeletal fusions syndrome 1B" mimicking Escobar variant multiple pterygium syndrome. (nih.gov)
  • Fetal akinesia and multiple pterygium syndromes may be caused by CHRNG and RAPSN mutations. (evatiffanyjeweler.com)
  • Today, the pterygium or pingueculae can be replaced with amniotic membrane grafting. (blueridgesurgerycentersc.com)
  • Sun's Ultraviolet rays have been known to cause eye damage, including cataracts,degeneration, pingueculae, pterygia and photokeratitis that can cause temporary vision loss. (centreforsight.net)
  • Extended exposure to the sun's UV rays has been linked to eye damage which includes cataracts, macular degeneration, pingueculae, pterygia and photokeratitis that may cause temporary vision loss. (vuliwear.com)
  • UVB rays are thought to cause pingueculae and pterygia. (vuliwear.com)
  • However, an enlarged pterygium may cause redness and inflammation. (blueridgesurgerycentersc.com)
  • When a pterygium becomes red and irritated, eyedrops or ointments may be used to help reduce the inflammation. (aradamansaramedicalcentre.com)
  • This literature review aims to present a comprehensive analysis of the role of PRF in the regulation of inflammation and its potential to facilitate the healing of conjunctival wounds. (ejournals.ca)
  • They are thought to play a role in host defenses against infections, inflammation, wound repair, and acquired immunity. (lookformedical.com)
  • These indications give the impression of a migrating limbus because the cellular origin of the pterygium is actually initiated by the limbal epithelium. (wikipedia.org)
  • IPO13 activity was significantly increased in the basal layer of the epithelium of the pterygium. (molvis.org)
  • IPO13 was colocalized with K17 in the epithelium of the pterygium, and overexpression or knockdown of the IPO13 gene induced upregulation or downregulation of K17 expression in PECs, respectively. (molvis.org)
  • The pathophysiology of pterygium is characterized by elastotic degeneration of collagen and fibrovascular proliferation, with an overlying covering of epithelium. (medscape.com)
  • The loose connective tissue under the epithelium contains a large number of fibroblasts and abundant capillaries, which indicates that the pterygium epithelial cells have a strong ability to proliferate and migrate. (researchsquare.com)
  • 16,20-24 For a long period many authors have got labelled pterygium being a chronic degenerative development disorder, but, following breakthrough of p53 overexpression in the epithelium,15,25-28 it really is regarded as an UV-related tumor now. (bibf1120.com)
  • Starck T, Kenyon KR, Serrano F. Conjunctival autograft for primary and recurrent pterygia: surgical technique and problem management. (medscape.com)
  • Pterygium epithelial cells (PECs) were cultured in keratinocyte serum-free defined medium to examine the expression of IPO13 and K17. (molvis.org)
  • Patients with pterygium should reduce exposure to ultraviolet light whenever possible. (medscape.com)
  • Patients who are at high risk of the development of pterygium because of a positive family history of pterygia or because of extended exposure to ultraviolet irradiation need to be educated in the use of ultraviolet-blocking glasses and other means of reducing ocular exposure to ultraviolet light. (medscape.com)
  • Ultraviolet radiation, high temperature, dusty, dry and smoked environment can all be the risk factors of pterygium. (researchsquare.com)
  • Although the cause is unclear, prolonged exposure to ultraviolet light definitely plays a role in a pterygium forming. (blueridgesurgerycentersc.com)
  • Ultraviolet (UV) light from the sun is the main risk factor, but long-term exposure to wind and dust and dry eyes may play a role. (sightlinelaser.com)
  • Long-term exposure to sunlight, especially ultraviolet (UV) rays, and chronic eye irritation from dry, dusty, smoky conditions seem to play an important causal role. (aradamansaramedicalcentre.com)
  • The exact cause of pterygium is not well understood, but long-term exposure to sunlight, especially ultraviolet rays, wind, and chronic eye irritation from dry and dusty conditions seems to play an important causal role. (bijojournal.org)
  • Pterygium is one of the most common ocular surface diseases. (molvis.org)
  • Pterygium is a common ocular lesion whose exact etiology is a point of contention. (scialert.net)
  • concluded that exposure to sunlight even at suberythemal levels - sunlight which doesn't cause redness - is "profoundly immunosuppressive" in humans and that it is the immune-suppressive effects of sunlight that play a central role in skin carcinogenesis. (mpkb.org)
  • Although there was no difference in complication rate between FG and sutures, the apparent advantages of FG over sutures are shorter surgical duration and greater reduction in the recurrence rate of pterygium. (oncotarget.com)
  • It is uncommon for patients to present with pterygium prior to age 20 years. (medscape.com)
  • We demonstrate elevated CRIM1 expression in pterygium tissue from additional individual Northern Irish patients compared to unaffected conjunctival controls. (unimore.it)
  • The postoperative follow-up period (6 months), the recurrence rate of pterygium was 0.21%.Patients have higher satisfaction with appearance, and have no obvious foreign body sensation, photophobia, tearing and other subjective symptoms. (researchsquare.com)
  • Two patients had OSSN with rosacea, one with pingueculum, two within pterygia, one with Salzmann' nodular degeneration, six with limbal stem cell deficiency (LSCD)/scarring. (irosacea.org)
  • Conclusions Pterygium was highly prevalent and the second cause of visual impairment and blindness after provision of refractive correction. (bmj.com)
  • It is therefore advisable to follow up on medium to large-sized pterygia at least yearly and include a refraction. (aradamansaramedicalcentre.com)
  • Introduction To observe the short-term and long-term effects of extensive fascial resection combined with autologous limbal stem cell sharing transplantation for pterygium. (researchsquare.com)
  • Role of high resolution optical coherence tomography in diagnosing ocular surface squamous neoplasia with coexisting ocular surface diseases. (irosacea.org)
  • Serum supplement D focus was assessed among 41 sufferers with pterygium and 47 volunteers by an computerized chemiluminescence immunoassay. (bibf1120.com)
  • Overexposure to UVA radiation has been related to the evolution of particular types of cataracts, and study suggests UVA rays may play a role in the development of macular degeneration. (vuliwear.com)
  • Identification of a novel pathogenic variant in the MYH3 gene in a five-generation family with CPSFS1A (Contractures, Pterygia, and Spondylocarpotarsal Fusion Syndrome 1A). (nih.gov)
  • Novel IRF6 mutations in families with Van Der Woude syndrome and popliteal pterygium syndrome from sub-Saharan Africa. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Ghassibe M, Revencu N, Bayet B, Gillerot Y, Vanwijck R, Verellen-Dumoulin C, Vikkula M. Six families with van der Woude and/or popliteal pterygium syndrome: all with a mutation in the IRF6 gene. (medlineplus.gov)
  • As a matter of fact, many writers2,3 showed that preneoplastic lesions could be connected with pterygium. (bibf1120.com)
  • Vision is the most dominant of the five senses and plays a crucial role in every facet of our lives. (who.int)