• CREB phosphorylation involved c-Src-dependent extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 activation, but not protein kinase A, protein kinase C, or calmodulin-dependent kinase II, and occurred also in cells transfected with AR or estrogen receptor mutants that do not localize into the nucleus. (unical.it)
  • To investigate the role of the cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA) in the desensitization and down-regulation of the D 1 dopamine receptor, we stably expressed the rat cDNA for this receptor in mutant Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell lines deficient in PKA activity. (aspetjournals.org)
  • We aim to study the coupling between LTCC and β adrenergic receptors in different cardiomyocyte microdomains, the distinct involvement of PKA and CAMKII (Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II) and explore how this functional complex is disrupted in heart failure.Methods:Global signaling between LTCCs and β adrenergic receptors was assessed with whole-cell current recordings and western blot analysis. (imperial.ac.uk)
  • 2020 ) Cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase and D1 dopamine receptors regulate diacylglycerol lipase-α and synaptic 2-arachidonoyl glycerol signaling. (neurotree.org)
  • Activator of protein kinase A (cyclic AMP agonist). (biolog.de)
  • We previously demonstrated that exposure to an appetitive CS causes an increase in the activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and cyclic-AMP response-element binding protein (CREB) in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) of rats, and that CS-evoked ERK activation is critical for CS control over reward seeking. (ed.gov)
  • The response to GLP-1 was mimicked by forskolin and largely inhibited by the protein kinase A (PKA) inhibitors, H89 and myristoylated PKI(14-22) amide, indicating partial mediation via a cAMP/PKA pathway. (diabetesjournals.org)
  • In eukaryotes, cyclic AMP works by activating protein kinase A (PKA, or cAMP-dependent protein kinase ). (wikipedia.org)
  • Cyclic AMP binds to specific locations on the regulatory units of the protein kinase, and causes dissociation between the regulatory and catalytic subunits, thus enabling those catalytic units to phosphorylate substrate proteins. (wikipedia.org)
  • Protein kinase A can also phosphorylate specific proteins that bind to promoter regions of DNA, causing increases in transcription. (wikipedia.org)
  • Several classes of protein kinases , including protein kinase C, are not cAMP-dependent. (wikipedia.org)
  • Further effects mainly depend on cAMP-dependent protein kinase , which vary based on the type of cell. (wikipedia.org)
  • Even muscle contraction is certainly inhibited with the phosphorylation of myosin light-chain kinase with the cAMP-dependent proteins kinase. (researchensemble.com)
  • We utilize two complementary models, HEK293 cells and human iPSC-derived neurons, and delineate RBM12 as a novel repressor of the G protein-coupled receptor/cyclic AMP/protein kinase A (GPCR/cAMP/PKA) signaling axis. (sciety.org)
  • Somatic mutations of the catalytic subunit of cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase (PRKACA) gene in Japanese patients with several adrenal adenomas secreting cortisol [Rapid Communication]. (cdc.gov)
  • Novel somatic mutations in the catalytic subunit of the protein kinase A as a cause of adrenal Cushing's syndrome: a European multicentric study. (cdc.gov)
  • Cyclic adenosine monophosphate ( cAMP , cyclic AMP , or 3',5'-cyclic adenosine monophosphate ) is a second messenger , or cellular signal occurring within cells, that is important in many biological processes. (wikipedia.org)
  • Earl Sutherland of Vanderbilt University won a Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1971 "for his discoveries concerning the mechanisms of the action of hormones", especially epinephrine, via second messengers (such as cyclic adenosine monophosphate, cyclic AMP). (wikipedia.org)
  • Ca 2+ and cyclic adenosine monophosphate play a part in the secretion of lipids and proteins from apocrine glands for sweat secretion. (nih.gov)
  • These thyroid-stimulating antibodies cause release of thyroid hormone and thyroglobulin that is mediated by 3,'5'-cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cyclic AMP), and they also stimulate iodine uptake, protein synthesis, and thyroid gland growth. (medscape.com)
  • To elucidate the mechanism that mediates CS-driven ERK activation in the NAc, we selectively blocked NMDA glutamate or D1 dopamine receptors in the NAc. (ed.gov)
  • In Parkinson's disease, the densities of both types of receptors were unchanged, whereas in PSP, the density of D2, but not D1-type dopamine receptors, was decreased in the caudate nucleus and the putamen. (turningtooneanother.net)
  • Because D2 dopamine receptors are present not only on the post-synaptic membrane, but on the cell bodies, dendrites and nerve terminals of presynaptic cells as well, antipsychotic compounds can interfere with dopaminergic neurotransmission at various sites in both the pre- and postsynaptic cell. (turningtooneanother.net)
  • The protein structural motif that binds cAMP is highly conserved with the exception of loops 3 and 4, whose structure and length are variable. (utmb.edu)
  • 2018 ) Activated CaMKIIα binds to the mGlu5 metabotropic glutamate receptor and modulates calcium mobilization. (neurotree.org)
  • D1 and D2 DA receptors The DA receptors are a family of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), to which extracellular DA binds leading to a response. (turningtooneanother.net)
  • Upon binding DNA, cGAS activates an innate immune pathway by rapidly synthesizing a small signaling molecule called cGAMP (cyclic GMP-AMP), which binds to the receptor STING to drive expression of immune-related genes. (cancerresearch.org)
  • In addition, cAMP binds to and regulates the function of ion channels such as the HCN channels and a few other cyclic nucleotide-binding proteins such as Epac1 and RAPGEF2 . (wikipedia.org)
  • The function consequences of mutation in loop 3 of CRP are similar to that of site A and site B in the regulatory subunits of cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinases. (utmb.edu)
  • It is also involved in the activation of protein kinases . (wikipedia.org)
  • Not all protein kinases respond to cAMP. (wikipedia.org)
  • We now show that, in prostate cancer cells, stimulation with either androgens or estrogens up-regulates IGF-IR by inducing cyclic AMP response element-binding protein (CREB) activation. (unical.it)
  • Cyclic AMP is a ubiquitous secondary message that regulates a large variety of functions. (utmb.edu)
  • In E. coli (and other Gram-negative bacteria) the cyclic AMP receptor protein (CRP/CAP) regulates more than 500 genes. (ku.dk)
  • In vascular smooth muscle cells derived from human dermal arterioles (micro-VSM), Rap1 selectively regulates expression of G protein-coupled α 2C -adrenoceptors (α 2C -ARs) through JNK-c-jun nuclear signaling. (johnshopkins.edu)
  • Norepinephrine stimulation of pineal cyclic AMP response element-binding protein phosphorylation: primary role of a beta-adrenergic receptor/cyclic AMP mechanism. (aspetjournals.org)
  • Following 8 hours of incubation with T4 phage, whole cell lysates were analyzed via antibody microarray that detected expression and phosphorylation levels of human signaling proteins. (bvsalud.org)
  • These interactions demonstrate that highly purified T4 phages do not activate DNA-mediated inflammatory pathways but do trigger protein phosphorylation cascades that promote cellular growth and survival. (bvsalud.org)
  • Since phosphorylation of cyclic AMP response element binding protein (CREB) is regulated by NMDA receptors and pCREB-like immunoreactivity (lir) is increased after predator stress, we examined the effects of CPP on predator stress-induced changes in pCREB-lir in Chapter 3. (mun.ca)
  • Ingram, S.L. & Williams, J.T. Modulation of the hyperpolarization-activated current ( I h) by cyclic nucleotides in guinea-pig primary afferent neurons. (nature.com)
  • First, analyses of ltxA RNA expression from defined leukotoxin promoter mutations in the chromosome identify -69 to -35 as the key control region and indicate that an activator protein modulates leukotoxin transcription. (usda.gov)
  • The cyclic AMP receptor protein modulates colonial morphology in Vibrio cholerae. (kegg.jp)
  • Hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-modulated (HCN) channels are tetrameric membrane proteins that generate electrical rhythmicity in specialized neurons and cardiomyocytes. (nature.com)
  • Studies in developing rodents indicate that nicotine is a neuroteratogen that disrupts brain development by stimulating nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) that control neural cell replication and differentiation. (nature.com)
  • 2'3'-cyclic-GMP-AMP (cGAMP), a second messenger that activates the antiviral stimulator of IFN genes (STING), elicits an antitumoral immune response. (tcdb.org)
  • Upon binding of dsDNA, cGAS produces a cyclic di-nucleotide molecule, cGAMP. (monash.edu)
  • As a result, we identified a third protein (Mlc) that is required for toxin synthesis by binding to the toxin's DNA. (usda.gov)
  • Furthermore, in low-oxygenated conditions, the previously identified CRP protein works through this newly identified Mlc protein to increase toxin synthesis. (usda.gov)
  • Thus, we have undertaken studies to identify other regulators of leukotoxin transcription and to demonstrate how these proteins work together to modulate leukotoxin synthesis. (usda.gov)
  • Thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulins (TSIs) bind to and activate thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) receptors, causing the thyroid gland to grow and the thyroid follicles to increase synthesis of thyroid hormone. (medscape.com)
  • Conclusions These outcomes implicate CA-074 Methyl Ester novel inhibtior the myometrium as an important regulator of endocrine hormone (cortisol and progesterone synthesis) and signaling pathways (cyclic AMP and cyclic GMP arousal) that immediate quiescence via the transcripitional upregulation of both book and previously linked regulators. (researchensemble.com)
  • Intracellular signaling by the second messenger cyclic AMP (cAMP) activates the Ras-related small GTPase Rap1 through the guanine exchange factor Epac. (johnshopkins.edu)
  • Many of these proteins take part in pathways that stimulate calcium mineral release (for instance, calcium-calmodulin G proteins signaling) and the forming of intracellular junctions, resulting in arousal of contractions. (researchensemble.com)
  • The channels are primarily activated by voltage but are receptors as well, binding the intracellular ligand cyclic AMP. (nature.com)
  • The role of CBP/P300 in the transcriptional response to cyclic AMP, phorbol esters, serum, the lipophilic hormones and as the target of the E1A oncoprotein suggests they may serve as integrators of extracellular and intracellular signalling pathways. (northwestern.edu)
  • Background:Beta-2 adrenergic receptors (β2ARs) but not beta-2 adrenergic receptors (β1ARs) form a functional complex with L-type Ca2+ channels (LTCCs) on the cardiomyocyte membrane. (imperial.ac.uk)
  • 2018 ) Dorsal BNST α-adrenergic receptors produce HCN-dependent excitatory actions that initiate anxiogenic behaviors. (neurotree.org)
  • We are primarily using cytomegaloviruses to examine how the pathogens alter signaling pathways directed by G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) to facilitate robust replication in tissues important for host-host dissemination. (uc.edu)
  • Use knockout HEK293 cells to verify that RBM12 is novel repressor of the GPCR/cAMP pathway that extends to multiple GPCRs coupled to the stimulatory G protein (e.g. dopamine 1 receptor, beta-2 adrenergic receptor). (sciety.org)
  • A novel role for enzyme I of the Vibrio cholerae phosphoenolpyruvate phosphotransferase system in regulation of growth in a biofilm. (kegg.jp)
  • Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) converts Ang I into angiotensin II (Ang II) which acts on an angiotensin type 1 (AT1) and angiotensin type 2 (AT2) receptor. (hindawi.com)
  • Intrinsic brain RAS is an enzyme-neuropeptide system having functional components (angiotensinogen, peptidases, angiotensin, and specific receptor proteins) with important biological and neurobiological activities in the brain. (hindawi.com)
  • The cellular enzyme cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) is an immune sensor protein that detects pathogen- or tumor-derived DNA. (cancerresearch.org)
  • Studies on the omega subunit of Escherichia coli RNA polymerase - Its role in the recovery of denatured enzyme activity. (genesandsignals.org)
  • cAMP decomposition into AMP is catalyzed by the enzyme phosphodiesterase . (wikipedia.org)
  • The major sensor of cytosolic double stranded (ds)DNA is the enzyme cGAS (cyclic GMP-AMP synthase). (monash.edu)
  • For example, steroid and thyroid hormones directly bind to nuclear receptors, which induce expression of specific genes. (intechopen.com)
  • Several these regulators induce cyclic AMP (cAMP)- and cGMP-mediated signaling pathways. (researchensemble.com)
  • Identification of the activating region of catabolite gene activator protein (CAP): Isolation and characterization of mutants of CAP specifically defective in transcription activation. (genesandsignals.org)
  • The RAS (renin-angiotensin system) is the part of the endocrine system that plays a prime role in the control of essential hypertension. (hindawi.com)
  • The brain has shown the presence of various components of brain RAS such as angiotensinogen (AGT), converting enzymes, angiotensin (Ang), and specific receptors (ATR). (hindawi.com)
  • The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) is of paramount importance, having a role in the regulatory pathway involved in the maintenance of blood pressure (BP), body fluid volume, and sodium homeostasis. (hindawi.com)
  • The peptide apelin, recently isolated from bovine stomach tissue extracts, has been identified as an endogenous ligand of the human putative receptor protein related to the angiotensin receptor AT(1) (APJ). (nih.gov)
  • The sequence shares 90% identity with the human APJ receptor and 31% with the rat AT(1A) angiotensin receptor. (nih.gov)
  • Subsequently a stable CHO cell line expressing the receptor fused at its C-terminal part with the enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) was established, allowing to verify its cell surface distribution and to determine the affinity of various apelin and angiotensin fragments on the cloned receptor. (nih.gov)
  • He has over 12 years of experience in the field of innate immunity with specific expertise in Toll-like receptor (TLR), inflammasome and cGAS-STING signalling pathways. (monash.edu)
  • The Popeye domain containing (POPDC) genes encode sarcolemma-localized cAMP effector proteins. (imperial.ac.uk)
  • Transcript analysis further suggested a role of EtrA in prophage activation and down-regulation of genes implicated in aerobic metabolism. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We have learned that genes in mammalian cells are transcribed into messenger RNAs (mRNAs), which are to be translated into polypeptides (proteins). (intechopen.com)
  • The RUNX2/BMI-1/SMAD2/3 complex is associated predominantly with genes not expressed in undifferentiated BG01V cells, consistent with the reported role of those TFs as transcriptional repressors. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Common genetic variants in the glucocorticoid receptor and the 11ß-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 genes influence long-term cognitive impairments in patients with Cushing's syndrome in remission. (cdc.gov)
  • 90% down-regulation of D 1 receptors in the parental cell line but only a 50 and 30% decrease in the 10260 and 10248 cells, respectively. (aspetjournals.org)
  • Similarly, treatment of the cells with the membrane-permeable cAMP analog 8-(4-chlorophenylthio)-cAMP induced functional desensitization and down-regulation of the D 1 receptor, although it was not as great as that observed with agonist pretreatment. (aspetjournals.org)
  • Our results suggest that PKA significantly contributes to the desensitization and down-regulation of D 1 receptors in CHO cells and that type II PKA may be the more relevant isoform with respect to regulating D 1 receptor function. (aspetjournals.org)
  • By contrast, at a cellular "global" level PKA plays a major role downstream β1AR and results in an increase in LTCC current.Conclusions:Regulation of the LTCC activity by proximity coupling mechanisms occurs only via β2AR, but not β1AR. (imperial.ac.uk)
  • cAMP is generated by adenylate cyclase CyaA, and in complex with cAMP receptor protein (CRP), this nucleotide has been shown to upregulate HapR production through the positive regulation of the CAI-I synthase CqsA and the negative regulation of Fis. (kegg.jp)
  • The hypothalamic and hypophyseal distribution of the receptor suggests an involvement of apelin in the control of neuro- and adenohypophyseal hormone release, whereas its presence in the pineal gland and in discrete higher brain structures points out to possible roles in the regulation of circadian rhythms and of water and food intake behavior. (nih.gov)
  • Humans and animals alike naturally synthesize endocannabinoids, chemical compounds that activate the same receptors as delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the active component of marijuana ( Cannabis sativa ). (medscape.com)
  • In addition to demonstrating different interactions between CRP and Mlc and their effects on periodontal toxin production, we also discovered how the IHF protein decreases toxin production by blocking Mlc binding to the toxin DNA. (usda.gov)
  • Increased levels of this sugar inhibit the activity of the repressor by binding allosterically, resulting in a conformational change of the protein, which suppresses its interactions with RNA polymerase and DNA. (wikipedia.org)
  • Proteins are major chromophores and targets for damage due to their abundance, but the role of proteins in inducing damage to bound DNA, and the effects on DNA-protein interactions is less well characterized. (ku.dk)
  • This activation leads to effector protein interactions, activation, and biological responses in the vasculature, including vasorelaxation. (johnshopkins.edu)
  • Our results were surprising and significant since in another bacteria associated with human health, E. coli, the protein Mlc has the opposite function. (usda.gov)
  • Synergistic activation of transcription by bacteriophage lambda cI protein and E. coli cAMP receptor protein. (genesandsignals.org)
  • As shown for the human APJ receptor, the rat apelin receptor expressed in the cell line was negatively coupled to adenylate cyclase. (nih.gov)
  • Cyclic AMP is synthesized from ATP by adenylate cyclase located on the inner side of the plasma membrane and anchored at various locations in the interior of the cell. (wikipedia.org)
  • Adenylate cyclase is inhibited by agonists of adenylate cyclase inhibitory G ( G i )-protein-coupled receptors. (wikipedia.org)
  • Abstract Insulin-like growth factor-I receptor (IGF-IR) overexpression may play a role in prostate cancer progression. (unical.it)
  • The most studied dopamine signaling pathway is the modulation of cyclic AMP production, with D1-like receptors activating cyclic AMP production through Gs/olf, and D2-like receptors inhibiting adenylyl cyclase (AC) activity through Gi/o proteins [2]. (turningtooneanother.net)
  • Cyclic AMP receptor protein: role in transcription activation. (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • We have previously identified NFAT (nuclear factor of activated T-cells) as a key regulator of insulin gene transcription in pancreatic β-cells that is activated by the calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein phosphatase 2B (calcineurin) in response to increased [Ca 2+ ] i ( 10 ). (diabetesjournals.org)
  • Activation and repression of transcription at two different phage phi29 promoters are mediated by interaction of the same residues of regulatory protein p4 with RNA polymerase. (genesandsignals.org)
  • Activation of prokaryotic transcription through arbitrary protein-protein contacts. (genesandsignals.org)
  • First, the general TFs (GTFs), including preinitiation complex components TFIIA, TFIIB, TFIID, TFIIE, TFIIF, and THIIH, are the primary protein factors that are required for the initiation of transcription from the TATA box (or TATA element), then elongation is executed by RNA polymerase II (RNA pol II) [ 1 ]. (intechopen.com)
  • Elements previously from the legislation of myometrial activation are the oxytocin receptor, difference junction proteins connexin-43, voltage-gated calcium mineral stations, prostaglandin receptor subtypes, estrogen, transcription and cortisol elements c-Jun and c-Fos. (researchensemble.com)
  • Here we provide in vitro and in vivo evidence that identifies the CREB-binding protein (CBP) and its homologue P300 (refs 6, 7) as cofactors mediating nuclear-receptor-activated gene transcription. (northwestern.edu)
  • In addition to binding to RNA, nuclear factor 90 proteins form heterodimeric complexes that regulate GENETIC TRANSCRIPTION and may play a role in T-CELL activation. (bvsalud.org)
  • The active subunits catalyze the transfer of phosphate from ATP to specific serine or threonine residues of protein substrates. (wikipedia.org)
  • An agonist at the 5-hydroxytryptamine 2B (5-HT2C) receptor. (mcw.edu)
  • Thus, the roles played by loop 3 in CRP may represent a more common mechanism employed by cyclic nucleotide binding domain in modulating ligand binding affinity and intramolecular communication. (utmb.edu)
  • In summary, the current study identifies a previously unappreciated role for RBM12 in the context of the GPCR/cAMP pathway that could be explored further as a tentative molecular mechanism underlying the functions of this factor in neuronal physiology and pathophysiology. (sciety.org)
  • We found that both NMDA and D1 receptors are critical for CS-driven ERK signaling in the NAc, and that this recruitment of the ERK cascade is responsible for increased CREB activation in the presence of the CS. (ed.gov)
  • Our findings suggest that activation of the NMDAR-D1R/ERK/CREB signal transduction pathway plays a critical role in the control of reward-seeking behavior by reward-predictive cues. (ed.gov)
  • Pertussis toxin B-pentamer mediates intercellular transfer of membrane proteins and lipids. (uc.edu)
  • however, its regulatory role of anaerobic metabolism in Shewanella spp. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Scientific evidence suggests that endocannabinoids have a role in inflammation, insulin sensitivity, and fat and energy metabolism. (medscape.com)
  • Based on the sequence differences between CRP and cyclic nucleotide gated channel, three mutants of CRP were constructed: deletion (residues 54-56 in loop 3 were deleted), insertion (loop 4 was lengthened by 5 residues between Glu-78 and Gly-79) and double mutants. (utmb.edu)
  • First, are the various manifestations of the anxiogenic effects of predator stress N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor-dependent? (mun.ca)
  • Second, are the neuroplastic changes that occur after predator stress NMDA receptor-dependent? (mun.ca)
  • In Chapter 2, we assessed the effects of a NMDA receptor antagonist [(3-(2-carboxypiperazin4-yl)propyl-l-phosphonic acid) - CPP] on anxiety-like behavior produced by predator stress. (mun.ca)
  • Components of this syndrome of behavioral changes likely depend on changes in separable neural substrates initiated by NMDA receptors as well as by other neurochemical means. (mun.ca)
  • Our results suggest that several amygdala nuclei, the PAG, and the BNST, where predator stress changes pCREB-lir in a NMDA receptor-dependent manner, are candidate areas of neuroplastic change contributing to lasting changes in anxiety-like behavior. (mun.ca)
  • However, like predator stress-induced changes in anxiety-like behavior, not all stress-induced changes in pCREB-lir were NMDA receptor-dependent. (mun.ca)
  • Brain areas investigated for both experiments included the amygdala, PAG, and BNST, which are all areas that show NMDA receptor-dependent pCREB-lir changes after predator stress. (mun.ca)
  • Fetal brain regions and peripheral tissues were examined for nAChR subtypes, other neurotransmitter receptors, and indices of cell signaling and cell damage. (nature.com)
  • The endocrine system plays a critical role in the process of homeostasis since it releases different hormones that regulate every activity of the cells, tissues, and organs to ensure normal body functioning. (supportgroupsfornurses.org)
  • Direct proof of an autoimmune disorder that is mediated by autoantibodies is the development of hyperthyroidism in healthy subjects by transferring thyrotropin receptor antibodies in serum from patients with Graves disease and the passive transfer of thyrotropin receptor antibodies to the fetus in pregnant women. (medscape.com)
  • The stimulating activity of thyrotropin receptor antibodies is found mostly in the immunoglobulin G1 subclass. (medscape.com)
  • The anti-sodium-iodide symporter, antithyroglobulin, and antithyroid peroxidase antibodies appear to have little role in the etiology of hyperthyroidism in Graves disease. (medscape.com)
  • In this study we show that exposure of isolated dimeric CRP-cAMP to UV modifies specific Met, Trp, Tyr, and Pro side-chains, induces inter-protein Tyr63-Tyr41 cross-links, and decreases DNA binding via oxidation of Met114/Pro110 residues in close proximity at the CRP dimer interface. (ku.dk)
  • In this article, we report cloning of the rat apelin receptor cDNA. (nih.gov)
  • In contrast to previous studies that attributed a minor regulatory role to EtrA in Shewanella spp. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The VarS/VarA signaling system responds to an unknown environmental cue and represses biofilm production by process which involves the regulatory sRNAs CsrB, CsrC and CsrD and the RNA-binding protein CsrA, interfering with LuxO of the QS pathway. (kegg.jp)
  • The cAMP receptor protein (CRP) indirectly increases ltxA expression but the intermediary regulator is unknown. (usda.gov)
  • Considerably higher resistance against cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases compared to dibutyryl- or 8-Br-cAMP (Cat. (biolog.de)
  • In 1998 a family of cAMP-sensitive proteins with guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) activity was discovered. (wikipedia.org)
  • These are termed Exchange proteins activated by cAMP (Epac) and the family comprises Epac1 and Epac2 . (wikipedia.org)
  • THE nuclear receptor superfamily includes receptors for steroids, retinoids, thyroid hormone and vitamin D, as well as many related proteins. (northwestern.edu)
  • Además de unirse al ARN, las proteínas del factor nuclear 90 forman complejos heterodiméricos que regulan la TRANSCRIPCIÓN GENÉTICA y pueden desempeñar una función en la activación de los LINFOCITOS T. (bvsalud.org)
  • β-adrenoceptors are found in adipocytes as well as apocrine glands, and these receptors may mediate lipid secretion from apocrine glands for sweat secretion. (nih.gov)
  • The translocation of aquaporin 5 plays an important role in sweat secretion from eccrine glands. (nih.gov)
  • The thyroid gland is under continuous stimulation by circulating autoantibodies against the thyrotropin receptor, and pituitary thyrotropin secretion is suppressed because of the increased production of thyroid hormones. (medscape.com)
  • In agreement with its activity as an RNA-binding protein, loss of RBM12 leads to altered gene expression, including that of multiple effectors of established significance within the receptor pathway. (sciety.org)
  • Previous work identified two proteins in the bacterial cell (IHF, CRP) that directly affect toxin level by either directly or indirectly binding to the cellular DNA code responsible for toxin production. (usda.gov)
  • CD64 play a role in phagocytosis, and dependent cellular cytotoxicity ( ADCC). (researchensemble.com)
  • We are now further examining the roles of IKKe and other key regulators in STING-mediated immune responses. (monash.edu)
  • These hormones play a particular role since they demand a specific response(s) from the target groups of cells or organs instead of the body as a whole. (supportgroupsfornurses.org)
  • AT1, AT2, AT4, and mitochondrial assembly receptor (MasR) are found to be plentiful in the brain. (hindawi.com)
  • 2017 ) Role of Striatal Direct Pathway 2-Arachidonoylglycerol Signaling in Sociability and Repetitive Behavior. (neurotree.org)
  • Sequence alignment of the protein encoded by etrA reveal that the four cysteine residues that form the [4Fe-4S] 2+ cluster in Fnr are conserved in EtrA [ 16 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Similar results were obtained in murine wild-type microVSM, coupling Rap1-Rho-actin dynamics to receptor relocalization. (johnshopkins.edu)