Of interest is the role of adenoviruses as viral vectors in vaccination and in gene therapy.For example, in viral vector vaccines against SARS-CoV2, the vector virus is used to deliver RNA encoding SARS-CoV2 spike protein into target cells. (medscape.com)
E1A encodes two major proteins in Ad5, translated after alternative splicing of the viral DNA transcript, that are able to cause a variety of different effects in mammalian cells. (wikipedia.org)
During viral replication, adenovirus early region 1A (E1A) is a gene that is expressed. (wikipedia.org)
Almost an hour after viral infection, the virus undergoes transcription to form a primary gene E1A which undergoes alternative splicing, a regulated process where multiple protein isoforms are encoded by a primary gene via exons, parts of exons or introns being differentially joined or skipped. (wikipedia.org)
These products are involved in the regulation of viral genes as well as the genes in the infected cell. (wikipedia.org)
Adenovirus protein regulation of viral genes has been studied in adenovirus type-5, or Ad5. (wikipedia.org)
While adenovirus likely blocks cellular translation in this way, it does not affect the translation of its own viral mRNAs. (wikipedia.org)
To investigate this hypothesis, we developed and used a Luminex-based TSV viral protein 1 immunoassay, excluded cross-reactivity with phylogenetically related Merkel cell polyomavirus, and measured TSV seroreactivity. (cdc.gov)
Replication6
The first is lytic infection, which occurs when an adenovirus enters human epithelial cells and continues through an entire replication cycle, which results in cytolysis, cytokine production, and induction of host inflammatory response. (medscape.com)
Adenovirus early region 1A (E1A) is a gene expressed during adenovirus replication to produce a variety of E1A proteins. (wikipedia.org)
Early proteins are produced after the virus enters the host cell, but before replication. (wikipedia.org)
Early proteins typically encode non-structural proteins that are necessary for replication, whereas late structural proteins typically function to initiate gene expression. (wikipedia.org)
The E1A gene refers to the gene that encodes E1A proteins specifically involved in adenovirus replication. (wikipedia.org)
53:742-750, 1985), in which the 12S E1A protein is required for the complete induction of the cellular DNA replication machinery in the quiescent human epithelial cells in which adenoviruses normally replicate. (cshl.edu)
Adenoviral2
Suicide gene systems that convert nontoxic systemically delivered prodrugs to active chemotherapeutic agents have been delivered via adenoviral vectors directly into cancer cells. (medscape.com)
Since the adenoviral E1A gene has been shown to partially transform some epithelial cells from primary rat cell cultures, we constructed retrovirus vectors containing either the 12S or 13S E1A cDNA sequences to facilitate the transfer of these genes into a variety of primary cell types. (cshl.edu)
Nucleotide2
The complete nucleotide sequence of E1A has been established, and the overall organization of this region appears to be very similar to that of the various serotypes. (wikipedia.org)
In addition, the abnormal expression of HELQ has been observed in multiple tumors and a number of molecular pathways, including the nucleotide excision repair, checkpoint kinase 1-DNA repair protein RAD51 homolog 1 and ATM/ATR pathways, have been shown to be involved in HELQ. (bvsalud.org)
Quiescent1
The addition of E1A DNA into cells may cause adverse biological effects, such as increasing p53 expression, stimulating DNA synthesis and cell cycle progression in quiescent cells, and inhibiting differentiation. (wikipedia.org)
Mammalian1
Here we show a novel function for Retinoblastoma family member, p107 in controlling stem cell expansion in the mammalian brain. (rupress.org)
Carcinogenesis1
An epithelial cell-transforming virus could be of great use, both in the culture of epithelial cell lines and in the study of carcinogenesis. (cshl.edu)
Proliferation5
The 12S E1A virus induced proliferation and immortalization of epithelial cells in rat kidney, liver, heart, pancreas, and thyroid primary cultures. (cshl.edu)
Sphingosine kinase 2 (SK2), one of the kinases that phosphorylate sphingosine, has a cell type and cell location-dependent mechanism of action, so the ability of SK2 to induce cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, proliferation, and survival is strongly influenced by the cell-context. (bvsalud.org)
Furthermore, in oral metastatic cell line (HN12), SK2 contributed even more to the tumorigenesis, inducing proliferation and tumor growth. (bvsalud.org)
TMEM158 promoted GC cell proliferation by modulating the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. (bvsalud.org)
Collectively, TMEM158 accelerated GC cell proliferation by modulating the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway, making it a prospective biomarker for survival in GC patients. (bvsalud.org)
Sequences2
These two proteins share almost the same internal sequences as shown in the figure except for the 46 internal amino acids unique to the 289 protein which is as a result of the differential splicing. (wikipedia.org)
The recombinant AAV (rAAV) genome composed of a foreign expression cassette and AAV inverted terminal repeat (ITR) sequences exists in eukaryotic cells in an episomal form that is responsible for persistent transgene expression (Schnepp et al. (justia.com)
Eukaryotic1
With regards to cellular translation of the host cell, it has been concluded that adenovirus selectively inhibits cellular translation via displacement of MAP kinase-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 1 (Mnk1), an eukaryotic translation initiation factor. (wikipedia.org)
Interactions1
Upon infection with adenovirus, one of three different interactions with the cells may occur. (medscape.com)
Genes1
This is in contrast to late proteins which are produced from late phase genes. (wikipedia.org)
Cultures3
Adenovirus, a DNA virus, was first isolated in the 1950s in adenoid tissue-derived cell cultures, hence the name. (medscape.com)
These primary cell cultures were often noted to spontaneously degenerate over time, and adenoviruses are now known to be a common cause of asymptomatic respiratory tract infection that produces in vitro cytolysis in these tissues. (medscape.com)
In the two cases tested, heart and liver cultures, E1A-immortalized cells were nontumorigenic, but could be completely transformed by subsequent introduction of the ras oncogene. (cshl.edu)
Human6
An extremely hardy virus, adenovirus is ubiquitous in human and animal populations, survives long periods outside a host, and is endemic throughout the year. (medscape.com)
The majority of work on adenovirus transcription has focused on human adenovirus, specifically Ad2 and Ad5. (wikipedia.org)
Ad5 refers to a specific group of human adenoviruses. (wikipedia.org)
The κB-Ras proteins were previously shown to inhibit both NF-κB and Ras activation through independent mechanisms, implicating them as tumor suppressors with potentially broad relevance to human cancers. (bvsalud.org)
Additionally, we have utilized a pan-cancer bioinformatics analysis to explore the role of the κB-Ras proteins in human cancers. (bvsalud.org)
Dystrophin associates with a number of proteins to form a large oligomeric complex named the dystrophin-glycoprotein complex (DGC), which bridges across the sarcolemma and connects the extracellular matrix and the actin cytoskeleton (Allamand and Campbell, (2000) Human Molecular Genetics 9:2459-2467). (justia.com)
Subsequent2
A live oral vaccine against adenovirus types 4 and 7 was approved for use in this population by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 2011, and subsequent incidence of acute respiratory disease declined. (medscape.com)
It was concluded that this protein is involved in translation initiation for subsequent late phase proteins. (wikipedia.org)
Partially1
Serotype-specific clinical manifestations may be partially determined by differences in cell tropism. (medscape.com)
Cellular1
These conserved domains are responsible for the protein-protein interaction and the regulation of cell cycling and cellular responses. (wikipedia.org)
Induce1
The genome of adenovirus is well known and can be modified with relative ease to induce lysis or cytotoxicity of a specified cell line without affecting others. (medscape.com)
Virus1
These protein products play a role in regulating the gene itself and in growth activities of the virus. (wikipedia.org)
Types1
Adenovirus has been associated with both sporadic and epidemic disease and, with regard to infections among military recruits, who were routinely immunized against types 4 and 7 from 1971 until the cessation of vaccine production in 1996. (medscape.com)
Role2
In order to elucidate SK2 role in oral cancer, we performed the overexpression of SK2 in non-tumor oral keratinocyte cell (NOK SK2) and in oral squamous cell carcinoma (HN12 SK2), and RNA interference for SK2 in another oral squamous cell carcinoma (HN13 shSK2). (bvsalud.org)
HELQ deficiency leads to subfertility, due to its critical role in germ cell stability. (bvsalud.org)
Growth2
These proteins are functionally important for growth of adenoviruses. (wikipedia.org)
Herein, we evaluated the influence of transmembrane protein 158 (TMEM158) on GC cell growth. (bvsalud.org)
Complex2
Adenovirus likely displaces Mnk1 from eIF4G and inhibits eIF4E phosphorylation, both of which are important components of the eIF4a translation initiation complex in cells. (wikipedia.org)
The structure of cyclic-AMP response element binding protein (CBP) and E1A complex was determined by NMR. (wikipedia.org)
Oral1
In our study we demonstrate for the first time that accumulation of SK2 can be a starting point for oncogenesis and transforms a non-tumor oral keratinocyte (NOK-SI) into highly aggressive tumor cells, even acting on cell plasticity. (bvsalud.org)
Highly1
Overall, the intrinsic structure of E1A is highly disordered, meaning that it lacks a single, three-dimensional structure. (wikipedia.org)
Addition1
In addition, TMEM158 content was increased in GC cells. (bvsalud.org)
Numbers1
Adult p107-null mice had elevated numbers of proliferating progenitor cells in their lateral ventricles. (rupress.org)
Found1
citation needed] In the adenovirus, the final translation products, or E1A proteins, are proline-rich and have been found to localize in the nucleus. (wikipedia.org)
Study1
In this study, we have used two mouse models to establish the relevance of the κB-Ras proteins for tumorigenesis. (bvsalud.org)
Translation1
In Ad5-infected cells, E1A translation was hypothesized to involve the Ad5 L4 100-kDa protein. (wikipedia.org)