Rnas that regulate gene expression through translational. Medical search. Frequent questions

Background: MicroRNAs (miRNA) are small, highly conserved, non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression of target mRNAs through cleavage or translational inhibition. (usda.gov)
Since the first microRNA was identified in 1993 by Victor Ambros and colleagues (the lin-4 heterochronic gene in C. Elegans ), more than 24,000 microRNAs have now been identified. (mdpi.com)
MicroRNAs constitute a pervasive post-transcriptional filter on protein or mRNA expression levels that are likely to control developmental timing, cellular differentiation, stress responses, metabolism and proliferation. (mdpi.com)
This Special Issue of "Genes" seeks reviews and original papers covering a wide range of topics related to microRNA biology, such as regulation of expression in various disorders (cancer, metabolism, autoimmunity to mention but a few), genetics of microRNAs and their target sites, functional analysis of microRNA function and studies of interactions between microRNAs and target genes. (mdpi.com)
MicroRNAs are a kind of small noncoding RNAs, which are involved in the posttranscriptional regulation of gene expression by binding the translation section and lead to either mRNA degradation or translational inhibition and have been found to regulate crucial biological processes, including proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis [ 10 - 12 ]. (hindawi.com)
In general, microRNAs, a class of small (~21 nucleotide) non-coding RNAs, negatively regulate the expression of their target genes. (spandidos-publications.com)
Recently, an increasing number of reports have implicated a new class of small regulatory RNA molecules, termed microRNAs (miRNAs), in HCC progression. (spandidos-publications.com)
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short (21-24 nucleotides) sequences of RNA that reduce gene expression by promoting the breakdown of messenger RNAs (mRNAs) and by repressing translation of mRNAs into proteins. (freethoughtblogs.com)
We have only known that microRNAs even existed since the early 1990's, and their importance in gene regulation and development wasn't appreciated until the 2000's. (freethoughtblogs.com)
Although they are structurally similar, plant and animal microRNAs repress gene expression through very different mechanisms. (freethoughtblogs.com)
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small transcripts that target messenger RNAs and regulate the expression of several genes at once. (fapesp.br)
MicroRNAs are endogenously expressed, small non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression by targeting mRNAs for translational repression or degradation. (oncotarget.com)
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are noncoding RNAs of approximately 22 nucleotides, which are key regulators of gene expression [ 4 ]. (hindawi.com)
MicroRNAs perform important roles in the post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression. (researchsquare.com)
Small noncoding RNAs called microRNAs (miRNA) negatively regulate gene expression by sequence-specific targeting of protein-coding transcripts [ 6 ]. (researchsquare.com)
Background: As microRNAs play important roles in cancer development and progression by regulating the expressions of oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes though interacting with the 3' untranslated region (UTR) of target genes, we aimed to evaluate the association between genetic variants of miRNAs and their binding sites and prognosis in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). (iiarjournals.org)
MicroRNAs (miRNAs), a class of small, endogenous, non-coding RNAs, are able to regulate gene expression by translational repression or mRNA degradation of the target, thereby affecting critical functions in various physiological processes, ranging from cell proliferation to apoptosis ( 8 , 9 ). (iiarjournals.org)
Background: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) mediate a form of translational regulation in animals. (utexas.edu)
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) constitute a class of short noncoding RNAs which regulate gene expression by targeting messenger RNA, inducing translational repression and messenger RNA degradation. (aston.ac.uk)
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) belong to a class of endogenous small noncoding RNAs that regulate gene expression at the posttranscriptional level, through both translational repression and mRNA destabilization. (jci.org)
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small regulatory non-coding RNAs, resulting from the cleavage of long primary transcripts (pri-miRNAs) in the nucleus by the Microprocessor complex generating precursors (pre-miRNAs) that are then exported to the cytoplasm and processed into mature miRNAs. (mdpi.com)
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs that regulate gene expression through recognition of cognate sequences and interference of transcriptional, translational, or epigenetic processes. (bvsalud.org)
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenous small noncoding RNAs that negatively regulate the expression of target genes through mRNA cleavage, translational repression and DNA methylation. (plantae.org)
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small noncoding RNA molecules that negatively regulate the expression of target genes by either mRNA degradation or translational inhibition. (biomedcentral.com)
MicroRNAs, a key class of gene expression regulators, have emerged as crucial players in various biological processes such as cellular proliferation and differentia-tion, development and apoptosis. (123dok.net)
In this review, we discuss our current understanding of microRNAs with a focus on their role and mode of action in regulating the immune system during inflammation and carcinogenesis. (123dok.net)
Colorectal cancer Core tip: MicroRNAs (miRNAs), a key class of gene ex-pression regulators, have emerged as crucial players in various biological processes such as cellular prolifera-tion and differentiaprolifera-tion, development and apoptosis. (123dok.net)

Micro RNAs (MiRNAs) are endogenous, small RNA molecules that were identified in a wide range of eukaryotes. (usda.gov)
About 30% of the human protein-coding genes are negatively regulated by miRNAs which suggests that they have a major role in regulating gene expression. (usda.gov)
We now have identified and characterized 54 miRNAs from rainbow trout somatic tissues and profiled their expression patterns. (usda.gov)
The majority of the miRNAs showed characteristic tissue-specific expression patterns suggesting potential roles in maintaining tissue identity. (usda.gov)
miRNAs are small non-coding RNAs (~22 nucleotides in length) that regulate the expression of their target genes by translational repression or mRNA degradation ( 13 , 14 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
Differential expression of miRNAs has been widely described in breast cancers, and suggests that certain miRNAs, including miR-206 ( 19 ), miR-129 ( 20 ), miR-200 ( 21 ) and miR-34 ( 22 ), may function as oncogenes or tumor suppressors in breast cancer. (spandidos-publications.com)
To understand the molecular mechanism of SOX4 in breast cancer development and progression, the present study aimed to identify miRNAs that regulate the expression of SOX4, which revealed miR-320 as a potential candidate. (spandidos-publications.com)
MiRNAs, short (18-24 nucleotides) non-coding RNAs, are derived from long transcripts pri-miRNAs and pre-miRNAs [ 26 - 30 ].By targeting 3' untranslated regions (3'UTRs) of cognate mRNAs, miRNAs post-transcriptionally regulate gene expression and induce translational repression [ 29 , 30 ]. (intechopen.com)
To date, 1527 human miRNAs have been identified (Sanger miRBase 18 http://www.miRbase.org/index.shtml), forming less than 1% of all human genes, potentially regulating more than 10% of all protein coding genes [ 1 ]. (intechopen.com)
The expression of 667 miRNAs was assessed in a discovery set of 48 plasma samples comprising normal, polyp, adenoma, and early and advanced cancer samples. (biomedcentral.com)
MiRNAs are short (20-22nt) non-coding RNAs that negatively regulate gene expression through either mRNA degradation or translational repression [ 5 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
MiRNA expression has been shown to be altered in cancerous tissue compared to normal tissue and different miRNAs have been attributed oncogenic and tumour suppressor qualities [ 6 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
A recent demonstration of the differential expression of miRNAs and their target mRNAs in cancer and the discovery that some miRNAs can function as oncogenes or tumor suppressors have sparked considerable interest in elucidating their role in tumorigenesis ( 5 , 6 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
miRNAs are highly conserved, small, non-coding RNAs that negatively regulate gene expression in vertebrates through multiple mechanisms, such as complimentary base pairing with the 3′-UTR of their target mRNAs, resulting in translational repression, mRNA cleavage and mRNA decay initiated by miRNA-guided rapid deadenylation ( 10 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
We show that, similar to metazoan steady-state systems, endogenous miRNAs in Chlamydomonas can regulate gene expression both by destabilization of the mRNA and by translational repression. (freethoughtblogs.com)
miRNAs play an important role in regulating gene expression by binding with 3 - UTR of the target gene. (hindawi.com)
Therefore, investigating the expression and regulation of miRNAs may elucidate the mechanism of gastric cancer. (hindawi.com)
Individual miRNAs are capable of regulating gene networks by interacting with multiple targets or by suppressing transcriptional controllers [ 6 , 8 ]. (researchsquare.com)
miRNAs are essential for brain development and function, with multiple miRNAs enriched in specific cell types where they regulate differentiation, structure and neurophysiological properties [ 9 , 10 ]. (researchsquare.com)
Expression of various miRNAs is dysregulated in experimental models of status epilepticus and in resected brain tissue from patients with drug-resistant temporal lobe epilepsy [ 11-13 ]. (researchsquare.com)
Moreover, some recent studies have demonstrated a relationship between the aberrant expression of miRNAs and CRC susceptibility, prognosis, and responsiveness to treatment ( 10 - 12 ). (iiarjournals.org)
The pathways regulating the transition of mammalian cells from quiescence to proliferation are mediated by multiple miRNAs. (utexas.edu)
miRNAs are important regulators of gene expression. (utexas.edu)
Indeed, an increasing number of miRNAs has been identified to regulate key signaling pathways of adipogenesis in BAT, brite AT, and WAT by acting on transcription factors that promote or inhibit adipocyte differentiation. (aston.ac.uk)
Some miRNAs are hosted in pri-miRNAs annotated as long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and defined as MIRHGs (for miRNA Host Genes). (mdpi.com)
Recently, the role of miRNAs in respiratory viral gene regulation, as well as host gene regulation during disease progression, has become a field of interest. (bvsalud.org)

Anti-sRNAs lead to higher expression of mRNAs by inhibiting the action of sRNAs. (wikipedia.org)
These small RNAs function throughout development and regulate translation of a number mRNAs. (utexas.edu)
Our results show how the specificity of one RBP (Pum) is modulated by cooperative RNA recognition with a second RBP (Nos) to synergistically repress mRNAs. (elifesciences.org)
Nos shifts the recognition sequence and promotes repression complex formation on mRNAs that are not stably bound by Pum alone, explaining the preponderance of sub-optimal Pum sites regulated in vivo . (elifesciences.org)

Antisense Uchl1 function is under the control of stress signalling pathways, as mTORC1 inhibition by rapamycin causes an increase in UCHL1 protein that is associated to the shuttling of antisense Uchl1 RNA from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. (nature.com)
Binding of a miRNA to a complementary sequence in a target mRNA is mediated by Argonaute proteins leading to degradation of the mRNA or translational inhibition, thereby lowering protein levels in cells [ 7 ]. (researchsquare.com)

PU.1 expression is modulated by the balance of functional sense and antisense RNAs regulated by a shared cis-regulatory element. (nature.com)

These data reveal another layer of gene expression control at the post-transcriptional level. (nature.com)
Hastings, M. L., Ingle, H. A., Lazar, M. A. & Munroe, S. H. Post-transcriptional regulation of thyroid hormone receptor expression by cis-acting sequences and a naturally occurring antisense RNA. (nature.com)
Translational gene-reporter fusion experiments revealed that Esr41 regulates ler expression at a post-transcriptional level, and pch transcription, probably via an unknown target of Esr41. (nih.gov)
Moreover, DNA hypermethylation can also occur during the development of cancer, especially in CpG islands of the promoter region, resulting in transcriptional silencing of affected genes, such as tumor suppressor genes. (creativebiomart.net)
A number of post-transcriptional mechanisms fine-tune the gene expression landscape. (researchsquare.com)
While over half the genes are estimated to be regulated at the transcriptional level, few regulatory motifs and transcription regulators have been found. (biomedcentral.com)
The transcriptome of the Pf asexual intraerythrocytic developmental cycle (IDC) has been analysed and transcriptional regulation has been shown to orchestrate a continuous cascade of gene expression, with genes being induced once per cycle, in a "just-in-time" manner, only when the gene product is required by the cell [ 3 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
The basal transcriptional apparatus (RNA Polymerase II, TATA-box binding protein and other components) in Pf is similar to that in free-living eukaryotes. (biomedcentral.com)
The expression of key molecules of β-cell function including Insulin, Pdx1, Gck, Glut2, and Insrβ was down-regulated in Chl1 -silenced cells at transcriptional and translational levels. (lu.se)
Transcription factors (TFs) are critical for B-cell differentiation, affecting gene expression both by repres- sion and transcriptional activation. (lu.se)

These results describe a novel pathway for regulating transcription using variant histones to modulate chromatin structure (Santisteban, 2000). (sdbonline.org)
In eukaryotic cells, chromatin remodeling factors regulate chromatin structure by altering the assembly, disassembly, and relocalization of nucleosomes, thereby improving the local accessibility of transcription-related factors in their chromatin DNA, which further initiates or suppresses transcription of related genes. (creativebiomart.net)
Sessions will cover recent advances and new technologies in the regulation of RNA polymerase II, including contributions of non-coding RNAs, enhancers and promoters, chromatin structure and post-translational modifications, molecular condensates and other factors that regulate gene expression. (edukafaso.org)
Mechanisms involved in epigenetic changes include DNA methylation, changes to chromatin structure facilitated by modification of histone proteins and changes to chromatin structure modified by noncoding RNAs. (evolutamente.it)

A natural antisense transcript regulates Zeb2/Sip1 gene expression during Snail1-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition. (nature.com)
miR-27a regulates epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and cisplatin resistance in vitro and modulates response of lung adenocarcinoma cells to cisplatin in vivo . (biomedcentral.com)

Triggered by double-stranded RNA, silencing results in degradation or translational repression of target transcripts. (unl.edu)

Approximately 3% of the human genome codes for miRNA sequences, which can suppress gene expression by mediating translational repression [ 5 ]. (hindawi.com)

The conserved histone variant H2AZ has an important role in the regulation of gene expression and the establishment of a buffer to the spread of silent heterochromatin. (sdbonline.org)
Regulation of gene expression in Plasmodium falciparum (Pf) remains poorly understood. (biomedcentral.com)
The question then arises as to how such fine-tuned regulation of gene expression is achieved in this extreme parasite. (biomedcentral.com)
Analysis of the genome wide target profiles revealed evidence of extensive regulation of gene expression through non-canonical target pairing by miR-503. (utexas.edu)
DNA methylation and histone modifications play a central role in the epigenetic regulation of gene expression and cell differentiation. (cipsm.de)

They are non-coding RNA sequences involved in regulatory processes, such as metabolism and aiding in transcription. (wikipedia.org)
An array of immobilized double-stranded DNA template for antisense small RNA sits opposite to an RNA-capture surface composed of possible antisense small RNA targets, separated by a solution of transcription reagents. (wikipedia.org)
RNA maps reveal new RNA classes and a possible function for pervasive transcription. (nature.com)
The variant histone H2A.Z regulates gene transcription, and deletion of the gene encoding H2A.Z strongly increases the requirement for SNF/SWI and SAGA. (sdbonline.org)
In addition, Esr41 activated the expression of flagellar Class 3 genes by indirectly inducing the transcription of fliA, which encodes the sigma factor for flagellar synthesis. (nih.gov)
The SRY-box 4 (SOX4) gene, which is located on chromosome 6p22.3, encodes a 47-kDa protein that is a member of the sex-determining region Y-related high-mobility group-box transcription factor family and has functions in embryonic development and cell differentiation ( 3 , 4 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
It possesses a unique forkhead domain combined with a fragment of the target gene to initiate transcription [ 10 ] and regulates various biological processes such as tumor cell differentiation, cell proliferation, and migration [ 11 ]. (hindawi.com)
TFBMs act as binding sites for transcription factors and coordinate the expression of the genes in whose promoter regions they appear. (biomedcentral.com)
They are about 6-8 nucleotides (nt) in length and occur upstream of the gene transcription start site (TSS). (biomedcentral.com)
The activation, differentiation, and development of CD8+ T cells is accompanied by large-scale changes in the coordinated expression of numerous inflammatory cytokines, transcription factors (TFs) and chemokines that are correlated with their survival, effector function, and self-renewal ( 7 ). (frontiersin.org)
Global DNA hypermethylation have been observed in subjects with chronic epilepsy, with the involvement of genes associated with calcium signaling, DNA binding and transcription, programmed cell death and synaptic transmission [6, 7]. (evolutamente.it)
Quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and western blotting were used to investigate the expression levels of miR-30d-5p, SOCS1, and the LIF pathway. (biomedcentral.com)
Anticoagulants such as EDTA prevent blood clotting, but do not prevent changes in gene expression due to induced transcription or regulated turnover of mRNA. (qiagen.com)
The identified transcription factors influence both the global and specific gene expression of the BCLs and have possible implications for diagnosis and treat- ment. (lu.se)

Antisense small RNAs (abbreviated anti small RNA or anti-sRNA) are short RNA sequences (about 50-500 nucleotides long) that are complementary to other small RNA (sRNA) in the cell. (wikipedia.org)
This generates a vast repertoire of transcripts that includes protein-coding messenger RNAs, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and repetitive sequences, such as SINEs (short interspersed nuclear elements). (nature.com)
Cancer epigenetics is a general term for various abnormalities related to tumors that do not involve changes in nucleic acid sequences but can cause changes in heritable gene expression. (creativebiomart.net)
The subsequent huge changes in morphology were more often due to changes in when and where those genes were expressed than to changes in the coding sequences of the genes themselves. (freethoughtblogs.com)
Current research links mutated DNA sequences in genes that encode neurotransmitter receptors or ion channels in hereditary or generalized epilepsies [4]. (evolutamente.it)
2 − 6 These nuclease-resistant polymers persist in live organisms for days and are typically designed to recognize 25-base sequences that span intron-exon junctions or translational start sites. (cdc.gov)

Scientists working in basic, translational, and clinical cancer metabolism research are invited to join the Academy in New York on April 17th to discuss the intersection between cell signaling and metabolism. (nyas.org)
HIF target genes are involved in a complex regulatory network, e.g. adjusting energy metabolism to available oxygen levels, regulation of pH, inhibiting apoptosis, and activation of angiogenesis. (charite.de)
Growing evidence implicates abnormal RNA metabolism as a contributing factor to the pathobiology of various neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative diseases, yet understanding remains limited in direct context of the human condition. (ed.ac.uk)
My lab integrates traditional and single-nuclei RNA sequencing to elucidate transcriptome-wide changes to RNA metabolism in clinically relevant post-mortem brain tissue and human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC) models of neurological disease including ALS and autism. (ed.ac.uk)
Define RNA metabolism changes in direct context of human neuropathology: Molecules and networks are characterised at region, cell and pseudotemporal resolution. (ed.ac.uk)
Mechanistically dissect key RNA metabolism changes causing neural cell dysfunction: Our priorities are to understand the cause and consequence of dysregulated splicing events, and to identify intrinsic master regulators driving transcriptome-wide signatures of neurological disease. (ed.ac.uk)
Researchers at Lund University Faculty of Medicine have determined a novel mechanism linking the metabolism of ribonucleic acids, RNA, to the development of leukemia in myelodysplastic syndrome patients, MDS. (lu.se)

It is mainly manifested in the reduction of whole-genome DNA methylation level, hypermethylation of the promoter region, changes in specific histone modification, abnormal chromatin conformation, changes in non-coding RNA (ncRNA) molecules, etc . (creativebiomart.net)

However, cross-linking immunoprecipitation fails to provide information on which two RNAs are interacting with each other, which is critical to identify the regulatory role of sRNAs. (wikipedia.org)
Many anti-sRNAs are involved in regulatory activities to modulate gene expression, with the bulk of research exploring specific interactions within the bacterial domain. (wikipedia.org)
In synthetic biology, employing non-coding RNA such as antisense small RNA has advantages for creating regulatory architecture within engineering systems, provided the ability to predict function using the strand sequence. (wikipedia.org)
We report here that a small regulatory RNA (sRNA), Esr41, mediates LEE repression and flagellar gene activation. (nih.gov)
CpG sites located in the promoter region are usually not methylated, while CpG outside the regulatory region of genes is methylated. (creativebiomart.net)
The study seeks to identify putative regulatory motifs in the upstream regions of 13 functional groups of genes expressed in the intraerythrocytic developmental cycle of Pf . (biomedcentral.com)
Regulatory non-coding RNAs and RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) are important research areas in gene regulation and RNA biology. (rochester.edu)
Collaboration among the multitude of RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) is ubiquitous, yet our understanding of these key regulatory complexes has been limited to single RBPs. (elifesciences.org)
Our results illuminate the molecular mechanism of a regulatory switch controlling crucial gene expression programs, and provide a framework for understanding how the partnering of RBPs evokes changes in binding specificity that underlie regulatory network dynamics. (elifesciences.org)
The additional information generated by whole genome studies goes far beyond that derived by characterizing in isolation more genes and gene products, because analysis of the whole genome allows complete regulatory networks to be identified and characterized. (cdc.gov)

In 2019, a new algorithm called APERO was established which allows accurate genome-wide detection of small transcripts from paired-end bacterial RNA-Seq data. (wikipedia.org)

Therefore, it is important to describe their mechanisms of actions, expression patterns and possible target genes and cellular pathways with which they interact. (mdpi.com)
(C) signaling pathways that regulate the cell cycle control in HCC involving miR-503. (biomedcentral.com)
In a series of validation steps, we show that predicted GReX upregulation of IL10RB and higher IL10RB expression in COVID-19 patient blood is associated with worse COVID-19 outcomes and that in vitro IL10RB overexpression is associated with increased viral load and activation of disease-relevant molecular pathways. (cdc.gov)

Here, we report that the microRNA miR-1 regulates the autophagy pathway through conserved targeting of the orthologous T re-2/ B ub2/ C DC16 (TBC) Rab GTPase-activating proteins TBC-7 and TBC1D15 in Caenorhabditis elegans and mammalian cells, respectively. (elifesciences.org)
In the past few decades, studies have focused on investigating the genes and proteins responsible for the development and progression of HCC ( 3 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
These genes are involved in T cell regulation, including interferons, interleukin (IL),tumor necrosis factor (TNF), as well as linker for activation of T cells (LAT), cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA4), and adapter proteins. (frontiersin.org)
We then found that some proteins like immune globulin are made by combining a variety of different arrangements of members of gene sets. (uncommondescent.com)
This process is mediated by a complex molecular machinery known as the spliceosome, which enables the production of multiple and functionally distinct proteins from single genes. (lu.se)

Consequently, the molecular mechanisms that regulate GC development and progression need further exploration. (oncotarget.com)
He received his Ph.D. degree in the laboratory of Dr. En-Duo Wang in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology from Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology of Chinese Academy of Science in 2008, where he studied the structural and functional interplay of transfer RNA (tRNA) and tRNA synthetase in bacteria, yeast and human. (rochester.edu)
Our laboratory is interested in the understanding of pathophysiological function and molecular mechanism of new non-coding RNAs (and RBPs) and new modes of gene regulation in c. (rochester.edu)
The long-term objective of our laboratory is to identify novel RNA-based molecular mechanisms that control gene expression and conduct pathophysiological function in cardiac system, as well as to develop novel therapeutic approaches for the prevention or treatment of human cardiovascular diseases. (rochester.edu)
Accordingly, the group is positioned to work at the interface of systems biology, RNA biology and molecular neuroscience. (ed.ac.uk)
In addition, gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was performed to identify possible molecular signatures that associate with Chl1 expression silencing. (lu.se)

Epigenetic alternations in genomic DNA include cytosine methylation in CpG islands, which usually extend throughout the promoters and the first exons of genes. (spandidos-publications.com)
DNA methylation, which is associated with gene silencing ( 12 ), is carried out by DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs). (spandidos-publications.com)
Recent studies have established that, similar to mutations, methylation-mediated silencing of tumor suppressor genes plays a major role in tumorigenesis. (spandidos-publications.com)
Common features in epilepsy can now be explained by epigenetic mechanisms including DNA methylation, histone modifications, chromatin remodelling and non-coding RNAs. (evolutamente.it)

Further, we found that the cytokine interferon-β (IFN-β) can induce miR-1 expression in mammalian cells, reducing TBC1D15 levels, and safeguarding against proteotoxic challenges. (elifesciences.org)
A diverse range of wet and dry-lab techniques are used to achieve this, whilst the translational research is principled upon core concepts of basic mammalian RNA biology. (ed.ac.uk)

The initial characterization of antisense small RNA within E. coli models were demonstrated through microarrays and computational predictions. (wikipedia.org)
Antisense small RNA are found in all domains of life, including Eukaryotes, Bacteria and Archaea. (wikipedia.org)
Antisense small RNA can also be engineered and utilized by scientists to perform experimental functions. (wikipedia.org)
Development of RNA array-based interaction assays that allow for screening in vitro have further advanced platforms targeting gene expression with antisense small RNAs. (wikipedia.org)
RNA-array based interaction assays screen for synthetic antisense small RNA interactions in vitro, through a surface-capture technique. (wikipedia.org)
Captured RNA are visualized using fluorescent staining, which can indicate whether a prospective antisense small RNA has been bound to its target. (wikipedia.org)
This has been achieved by utilizing antisense small RNAs designed through the RNA array pipeline, opening the possibilities for future antimicrobial or therapeutic applications. (wikipedia.org)
Here we identify a nuclear-enriched lncRNA antisense to mouse ubiquitin carboxy-terminal hydrolase L1 ( Uchl1 ), a gene involved in brain function and neurodegenerative diseases 11 . (nature.com)
Antisense Uchl1 RNA is then required for the association of the overlapping sense protein-coding mRNA to active polysomes for translation. (nature.com)
In combination with transgenic organisms, such enzyme-actuated antisense tools will enable gene silencing in specific cell types, including tissues that are not amenable to optical targeting. (cdc.gov)

We also identified a novel mRNA processing mechanism that expands human proteome at the posttranscriptional level and regulates gene expression (Yao, P, et al. (rochester.edu)

A translational genomics approach identifies IL10RB as the top candidate gene target for COVID-19 susceptibility. (cdc.gov)
Using a translational genomics approach that integrates COVID-19 genetic susceptibility variants, multi-tissue genetically regulated gene expression (GReX), and perturbagen signatures, we identified IL10RB as the top candidate gene target for COVID-19 host susceptibility. (cdc.gov)
The authors would like to acknowledge Clinical Genomics Lund, SciLifeLab and Center for Translational Genomics (CTG), Lund University, for providing expertise and service with sequencing and analysis. (lu.se)

Clinical and Translational Science Collaborative Core Utilization Pilot Grant. (rochester.edu)
we carried out a systematic analysis based on 5001 Spanish or Latin American individuals with diagnostic exome data, either Whole Exome Sequencing (80%), or the so-called Clinical Exome Sequencing (20%) (60?Mb and 17?Mb, respectively), to provide with global and gene-specific clinical pharmacogenetic utility data. (cdc.gov)
788 pharmacogenetic alleles, distributed through 19 genes included in Clinical Pharmacogenetics Implementation Consortium guidelines were analyzed. (cdc.gov)
This work was supported in part by the NIH/National soluble fiber is not associated with islet autoimmunity or T1D in Center for Advancing Translational Sciences Clinical and Translational Sci- early life. (lu.se)

Epigenetic mechanisms are chemical changes in DNA that do not alter the actual genetic code but can influence the expression of genes, and can be passed on when cells reproduce. (nanowerk.com)
This synthetic genetic interaction is seen at the level of single genes and acts downstream of promoter nucleosome reorganization. (sdbonline.org)
EMT is an embryologically conserved genetic program by which epithelial cells down regulate intercellular tight junctions, loose polarity, express mesenchymal markers, and manifest a migratory phenotype [ 1 ]. (intechopen.com)
The nature of imperfect binding specificity means that a single miRNA can regulate a large number of mRNA targets involved in complex cellular processes, thereby tightly controlling genetic networks during development and in response to stress ( Pocock, 2011 ). (elifesciences.org)
The progression of the cancer has also been associated with sequential genetic changes in genes such as K-RAS, APC, DCC, and P53 [ 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
To understand how B-Raf itself is regulated, we combined mass spectrometry with genetic approaches to map its interactome in MCF-10A cells as well as in B-Raf deficient murine embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) and B-Raf/Raf-1 double deficient DT40 lymphoma cells complemented with wildtype or mutant B-Raf expression vectors. (uni-wuerzburg.de)
The association between vitamin D physiologies with viral infections is also confirmed by genetic studies, carried out on genetic variations of vitamin D receptor (VDR) R-encoding disease susceptibility gene. (bvsalud.org)
The malaria parasite exerted a potent selective signature on the human genome, which is apparent in the genetic polymorphism landscape of genes related to pathogenesis. (biomedcentral.com)
Genetic studies of the families at high risk for developing renal cancer led to the cloning of genes whose alteration results in tumor formation. (medscape.com)

When LEE expression is activated, flagellar gene expression is down-regulated because bacterial flagella induce the immune responses of host cells at the infection stage. (nih.gov)

Viruses are inducers and targets of RNA silencing. (unl.edu)
Over-expression of miR-22 has been reported to protect in models of brain injury and additional targets of miR-22 have been identified [ 17 , 18 ]. (researchsquare.com)
3) The role of translation machinery and translational control in cardiovascular system and identification of therapeutic targets for treatment of cardiovascular diseases (e.g., cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure). (rochester.edu)

Intriguingly, some of these RNA switches involve the interplay between microRNA and RNA-binding protein (Jafarifar, F, et al. (rochester.edu)
Alternatively, the RNeasy Protect Animal Blood Kit can be used to obtain microRNA (miRNA), either in a total RNA fraction or in a separate small RNA fraction. (qiagen.com)
Here we describe how microRNA-regulated lentiviral vectors can be used to visualize specific cell populations by exploiting endogenous microRNA expression patterns. (lu.se)
When a microRNA is present in the cell, it binds to the target sites and downregulates GFP expression, while in cells that do not express the microRNA GFP, it is expressed. (lu.se)

Therefore, the entire oligodendroglial differentiation, diffuse astrocytomas, oligoastrocytomas, coding sequence of the LATS1 gene in IDH1 Mutation, and 1P/19q loSS and oligodendrogliomas. (who.int)

For CRC, polymorphisms in the genes involved in tumor progression, apoptosis, and angiogenesis have already been extensively studied for their association with cancer susceptibility and prognosis ( 1 - 7 ). (iiarjournals.org)

CpG-rich regions are unevenly distributed in the genome, and they often appear in gene promoter regions. (creativebiomart.net)

We can't be absolutely sure the exosomes analyzed came from the brain, but we know they regulate gene expression in several types of tissue and may be involved in mechanisms that increase the risk of mental health disorders. (fapesp.br)
During his post-doctoral training under Dr. Paul Fox at Lerner Research Institute of Cleveland Clinic, he made contributions in understanding the translational control mechanisms regulating VEGFA (vascular endothelial growth factor-A) expression in human monocytes. (rochester.edu)
Contemporary studies have elucidated mechanisms behind tHO and FOP and have described new distinct niches independent of inflammation that regulate ectopic bone formation. (jci.org)

One example of this is established in bacterial trans-encoded sRNA, which demonstrate only partial complementarity to the target RNA. (wikipedia.org)
In addition, the TNFSF11 was confirmed to be the target gene of miR-217. (hindawi.com)
Circulating extracellular RNAs (ex-RNAs) are an emerging class of biomarkers with target-organ epigenetic effects. (researchgate.net)
Intriguingly, the expression of DNMT1, which is a target of miR-148a, is inversely correlated with the expression of miR-148a in HCC cells. (spandidos-publications.com)
Through reporter gene and western blot assays, STAT3 was shown to be a direct target of miR-874. (oncotarget.com)
Results: Among seven target variants, rs1044129 at the miR-367 binding site of calcium channel ryanodine receptor gene 3 (RYR3) was associated with relapse-free survival (RFS) for colon cancer patients as a recessive model in a univariate analysis. (iiarjournals.org)
We experimentally determined their genome wide target profiles using RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC) immunoprecipitations and gene expression profiling. (utexas.edu)
Next we explored the roles of miR-27a and its target Raf Kinase Inhibitory Protein (RKIP) in regulating cisplatin resistance and metastasis in lung adenocarcinoma. (biomedcentral.com)

The progression of hepatocellular carcinogenesis is thought to involve the deregulation of genes that are critical to cellular processes, such as cell cycle control, cell growth, apoptosis, cell migration and spreading. (spandidos-publications.com)

Moreover, hypoxia or osmotic stress up-regulate BPGM in kidney cells in vitro. (charite.de)

CHL1 expression was found to correlate positively with insulin secretory index, GLP1R but inversely with HbA 1c and BMI. (lu.se)

Our results suggest that up-regulation of miR-27a could suppress RKIP expression and in turn contribute to chemoresistance of lung adenocarcinoma cells to cisplatin. (biomedcentral.com)

Real-time PCR was used to measure miRNA expression patterns in adult somatic tissues and unfertilized eggs. (usda.gov)
Dysregulation of miRNA expression disrupts early kidney development and has been implicated in the pathogenesis of developmental kidney diseases. (jci.org)

Long noncoding-RNAs (lncRNAs) are critical regulators of cardiac development as well as pathological hypertrophy and heart failure (HF). (researchgate.net)

We detected miR-27a expression in two lung adenocarcinoma cell lines, A549 and A549/CDDP, and then investigated the effects of miR-27a on the metastasis and the chemosensitivity of cancer cells, using both gain- and loss-of-function studies. (biomedcentral.com)
RHAMM regulates MMTV-PyMT-induced lung metastasis by connecting STING-dependent DNA damage sensing to interferon/STAT1 pro-apoptosis signaling. (medscape.com)

Swr1 is required for the deposition of histone H2AZ at specific chromosome locations in vivo, and Swr1 and H2AZ commonly regulate a subset of yeast genes. (sdbonline.org)
Two of these methods, signature-tagged mutagenesis and in vivo expression technology, do not directly measure gene expression and do not allow true genomic-scale analysis, but they have been devised to identify genes necessary for pathogens during real infections. (cdc.gov)
A second group of methods, which includes DNA microarrays and proteomics, have advantages that overcome the limitations implicit in signature-tagged mutagenesis and in vivo expression technology, namely, the ability to directly measure expression (gene or protein) levels on a true genome-wide scale, but their application to analysis of bacterial pathogens during real infections is still in its infancy. (cdc.gov)

This second volume of the Metabolic Pathway Engineering Handbook delves into evolutionary tools and gene expression tools for metabolic pathway engineering. (taylorfrancis.com)
Changes in pinopode development and abnormal expression of miR-30d-5p, SOCS1 and LIF pathway in the endometrium could be the reasons for implantation failure. (biomedcentral.com)

Organization and complexity of life is built from the utilization of basic metabolites, followed by the introduction of biochemical and epigenetic regulation of genes. (evolutamente.it)

This has further been characterized in gene circuits that are sRNA-controlled and regulate aspects of bacterial pathogenesis. (wikipedia.org)
Although analyses that give information on the expression of a few genes provide insight and have been responsible for a large proportion of the bacterial pathogenesis literature currently available, our ultimate goal is to understand expression changes across the whole genome. (cdc.gov)

miR-503 inhibited significantly the expression of CDK6 and the downstream genes of E2F3. (biomedcentral.com)

Several studies have confirmed that miRNA can be used as an oncogene or tumor suppressor gene to regulate the occurrence and development of gastric cancer [ 6 ]. (hindawi.com)

While long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are important i. (researchgate.net)
While long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are important in cardiac development and disease, their role in physiol. (researchgate.net)
Here, we used RNAseq to identify a novel class of cardiac lncRNAs that are dynamically regulated by exercise. (researchgate.net)

Anatomy19

Organisms17

Diseases4

Chemicals and Drugs78

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment33

Phenomena and Processes104

Disciplines and Occupations3

Information Science8

Health Care2

MicroRNAs27

MiRNAs26

MRNAs4

Inhibition2

Modulated by the bal1

Transcriptional10

Chromatin structure4

Epithelial-mesenchyma2

Degradation or translational repression1

Mediating translational repression1

Regulation of gene ex5

Transcription14

Sequences6

Metabolism7

Molecules1

Regulatory10

Transcripts1

Pathways3

Proteins5

Molecular6

Methylation4

Mammalian2

Antisense10

Posttranscriptional1

Genomics3

Clinical4

Genetic9

Induce1

Targets3

MicroRNA4

Differentiation1

Susceptibility1

Promoter1

Mechanisms3

Target8

Progression1

Vitro1

Inversely1

Suppress1

MiRNA expression2

Critical regulators1

Metastasis2

Vivo3

Pathway2

Epigenetic regulation1

Pathogenesis2

Downstream1

Tumor supp1

LncRNAs3