AnatomyOrganismsDiseasesChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPsychiatry and PsychologyPhenomena and ProcessesDisciplines and OccupationsInformation ScienceHealth Care
RNA PrecursorsNucleic Acid PrecursorsRNARNA, RibosomalRNA Processing, Post-TranscriptionalRNA SplicingRNA, ViralRNA, Small InterferingProtein PrecursorsRNA, MessengerBase SequenceRNA, BacterialRNA, Small NuclearRNA, TransferRNA EditingRNA, Transfer, HisNucleic Acid ConformationEndoribonucleasesMolecular Sequence DataCell NucleolusRNA, FungalDNA-Directed RNA PolymerasesRNA, Heterogeneous NuclearUridineRibonuclease IIITranscription, GeneticRNA, Small NucleolarFormycinsPolynucleotide AdenylyltransferaseRibonucleasesRNA InterferenceRNA VirusesRibonucleoproteinsAmyloid beta-Protein PrecursorRNA, Double-StrandedCell NucleusEscherichia coliNucleic Acid HybridizationPoly ARNA, CatalyticMutationKineticsRNA FoldingRNA Polymerase IITritiumEndonucleasesMolecular WeightHeLa CellsCell LineRibosomesEnzyme PrecursorsRNA HelicasesRNA StabilityRNA, AntisenseAmino Acid SequenceSaccharomyces cerevisiaePlasmidsGenesDNARNA, UntranslatedBlotting, NorthernSubstrate SpecificityElectrophoresis, Polyacrylamide GelRNA CapsSequence Analysis, RNARNA, PlantEscherichia coli ProteinsDNA Restriction EnzymesRNA, ProtozoanRNA, NeoplasmRNA Ligase (ATP)DEAD-box RNA HelicasesAmyloid Precursor Protein SecretasesCell DifferentiationProtein BiosynthesisProtein Processing, Post-TranslationalRNA Polymerase IIIRNA Polymerase ICells, CulturedRNA, NuclearRNA, Ribosomal, 28SRNA, GuideStem CellsRNA-Binding ProteinsRNA, Ribosomal, 18SRNA, Ribosomal, 23SProtein BindingBinding SitesRNA, Spliced LeaderRNA TransportRNA, SatelliteVirus ReplicationTranscription FactorsRNA, Ribosomal, 16SRNA, ArchaealOligoribonucleotidesSequence Homology, Amino AcidDNA PrimersGene Expression RegulationRNA CleavageReverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain ReactionRecombinant ProteinsPromoter Regions, GeneticRNA 3' End ProcessingDNA, ComplementaryGene Expression Regulation, DevelopmentalRNA, Ribosomal, 5.8SModels, MolecularTransfectionGene ExpressionCell LineageTemplates, GeneticPrecursor Cells, T-LymphoidMembrane ProteinsProtein Structure, TertiaryPolymerase Chain ReactionRNA, Small CytoplasmicEndopeptidasesCell-Free SystemGenome, ViralMice, Inbred C57BLRNA, Small UntranslatedCloning, MolecularTime FactorsSignal TransductionSequence Homology, Nucleic AcidAspartic Acid EndopeptidasesNeuronsModels, BiologicalPhenotypeMice, TransgenicPeptidesRNA, Long NoncodingRecombinant Fusion ProteinsHematopoietic Stem CellsRNA, Transfer, TyrBacterial ProteinsRNA Virus InfectionsRNA, ComplementaryBlotting, WesternPrecursor B-Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-LymphomaRNA, ChloroplastSingle-Strand Specific DNA and RNA EndonucleasesRibonuclease PCytoplasmImmunohistochemistryAlzheimer DiseasePeptide FragmentsIn Situ HybridizationDNA, ViralAmyloid beta-PeptidesNerve Tissue ProteinsLiverCell DivisionCentrifugation, Density GradientIntronsNuclear ProteinsRestriction MappingBase PairingRNA, HelminthConserved SequenceProtein Sorting SignalsRNA, Transfer, PheMitochondriaOligonucleotidesMacromolecular SubstancesBrainGene SilencingCricetinaeBone Marrow CellsGene Expression ProfilingRibonuclease T1Mutagenesis, Site-DirectedCarrier ProteinsSaccharomyces cerevisiae ProteinsTemperaturePlant VirusesSpecies SpecificityOligodendrogliaGenes, ViralPlantsHIV-1Biological TransportPhylogenyChloroplastsCell Line, TumorPlant ProteinsRNA, Transfer, LysProteinsCarbon IsotopesCell Proliferation3' Untranslated RegionsErythroid Precursor CellsPoliovirus5' Untranslated RegionsStructure-Activity RelationshipDrosophila ProteinsMice, KnockoutCapsidOpen Reading FramesSequence Analysis, DNA
MicroRNAsProteinsMoleculesTranscriptsGenesMiRNAsAbstractMaturationSequencesMiRNARibosomalMicroRNA precursor familyMoleculeInterferenceAmyloidEnzymesNucleicNucleotidesDegradationSubunitNucleolarRibonucleic acidChromatinDicerEscherichiaMolecularVitroSequenceSmallRNase IIIAbundantMRNA precursorsFunctionalRegulationNuclearTRNARolesSplicingMRNAsViralGene expressionGeneticEukaryoticCleavagePeptideRegulatory RNAsNeuronalNascentMultipotent neuralDouble-strandedMiceNucleotideGenomeMessengerNeural
MicroRNAs19
Proteins17
  • SR-related proteins and the processing of messenger RNA precursors. (nih.gov)
  • The processing of messenger RNA precursors (pre-mRNA) to mRNA in metazoans requires a large number of proteins that contain domains rich in alternating arginine and serine residues (RS domains). (nih.gov)
  • Not just RNA chains form in the mixtures, but also mixed molecules, made up of an RNA portion and a peptide chain (proteins are long peptide chains). (uni-stuttgart.de)
  • The β-amyloid precursor proteins (βAPPs) are a family of glycosylated transmembrane proteins that include in their sequences the β-amyloid peptide, a major component of the characteristic amyloid deposits or senile plaques found in the brains of Alzheimer's disease patients and aged Down's syndrome subjects. (csic.es)
  • Harvard University's Office of Technology Development (OTD) and the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health today announced the launch of Vesigen Therapeutics, a startup company that aims to overcome the challenge of delivering next-generation therapeutics, such as gene-editing complexes, RNA molecules, and other large proteins, to intracellular targets in specific tissues of interest. (news-medical.net)
  • The 87K protein, together with proteins of 105,000 and 75,000 daltons, are translated from leftward transcribed (1-strand) messenger RNAs that are complementary to the viral genome between positions 11.2 and 31.5. (cshl.edu)
  • Electron microscopic heteroduplex analysis has revealed a family of 1-strand RNAs that probably encode these proteins. (cshl.edu)
  • Previous biochemical and structural studies of rotavirus replication suggest that selecting 11 distinct RNA segments must involve the RNAs forming complex interactions with proteins and other RNA molecules. (elifesciences.org)
  • The locally accumulated antisense RNAs are assumed to recruit chromatin remodeling proteins through either RNA-RNA or DNA-RNA recognition rules and trigger heterochromatin formation for gene silencing. (jcancer.org)
  • Inherently infectious and are immediate precursors to virus production (i.e., the nucleic acids are capable of generating infectious forms of a regulated virus by utilizing host polymerases but without the need for any additional exogenous factors [proteins, nucleic acids, etc. (cdc.gov)
  • The regulation of gene expression mediated by miRNAs involves the processing of hairpin transcripts into ~22 nucleotide-long RNAs, association with Argonaute proteins which guide them to their target sites on mRNAs, and ultimately, repression of gene expression via mRNA degradation and/or translational inhibition. (mdpi.com)
  • These versatile molecules, with complex secondary structures, may interact with chromatin, proteins, and other RNA to form complexes with an array of functional consequences. (frontiersin.org)
  • Recognition of RNA by RNA processing enzymes and RNA binding proteins often involves cooperation between multiple subunits. (bireme.br)
  • Sm and Sm-like proteins (LSm) are evolutionarily conserved families that function broadly in the processing of RNA. (nature.com)
  • Fosrak was successful in identifying and experimentally validating predicted targets and associated proteins of small RNAs. (phys.org)
  • Bacterial proteins and enzymes implicated in RNA metabolism and regulation were also strong points of investigation. (phys.org)
  • The 2074 and 2116 nt mRNAs encode precursor proteins of 56350 and 57850 Da, respectively. (deepdyve.com)
Molecules15
Transcripts7
  • Thus, one of the functions of eukaryotic RNase III is, as for the bacterial enzyme, to liberate monocistronic RNAs from polycistronic transcripts. (nih.gov)
  • We have characterized the transcripts of the beta-globin gene in RNA isolated from rabbit bone marrow using the S1 mapping procedure of Berk and Sharp (1977). (nih.gov)
  • Our results indicate that control of RNA degradation rates contributes significantly to the differentiation stage-dependent differences in abundance of transcripts and splice variants. (omicsdi.org)
  • Using in situ hybridization histochemistry with [ 32 P]oligonucleotide probes, we studied the cellular localization of RNA transcripts for amyloid β-protein precursor (βAPP), growth-associated phosphoprotein-43 (GAP-43) and microtubule-associated protein 2 (MAP2) in the mesostriatal system of normal (+/+) and weaver (wv/wv) mutant mice, which lose mesencephalic dopamine neurons. (elsevier.com)
  • Here we used next-gen RNA-Seq to examine the expression of transcripts coding for GRP, NPPB, NMB, and other peptides in DRG, trigeminal ganglion, and the spinal cord as well as expression levels for their cognate receptors in these tissues. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Surprisingly, the results also pointed to a partially extended conformation of newly synthesized precursor rRNA transcripts. (biomedsearch.com)
  • Further expression analysis revealed that the induction of genes encoding alcohol dehydrogenase 3, metalloprotease FtsH, cysteine protease 1 precursor, phytepsin precursor (aspartic protease), and a 26S proteasome regulatory subunit was associated with the androgenic potential of microspores, whereas the induction of transcripts involved in signaling and cytoprotection was associated with stress responses. (tudelft.nl)
Genes11
  • These experiments are consistent with the notion that the intervening sequences in the DNA of mouse beta-globin genes are transcribed into the mRNA precursor and are excised from the RNA by post-transcriptional events. (nih.gov)
  • Without enzymes, there is no transcription, and without genes and RNA there are no enzymes. (uni-stuttgart.de)
  • Many genes differentially expressed between proliferating and differentiated myoblasts demonstrate major differences in RNA decay rates. (omicsdi.org)
  • Although it is reported that some plant miRNAs inhibit target mRNA translation [ 14 - 17 ] or direct DNA methylation of target genes [ 18 ], the majority of plant miRNAs, once loaded, guide RISCs to cleave their target RNAs, which are subsequently degraded. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Additionally, a class of miRNA-like smRNAs, whose putative precursors can form short hairpins, potentially targets genes in trans. (plantcell.org)
  • The first identifications of the endogenous short regulatory RNAs in Caenorhabditis elegans [ 1 ] and the 7-8 nucleotide-long motifs in the 3' untranslated regions (3' UTRs) of Drosophila melanogaster miRNAs [ 2 ] revealed that expression of genes are under control of small noncoding RNAs (sncRNAs) which bind to mRNAs and repress their expression post-transcriptionally. (mdpi.com)
  • These critical features of pheromone precursor genes are conserved in other fungi. (asm.org)
  • Pheromone precursor genes have been identified throughout the fungal kingdom. (asm.org)
  • However, both classes of pheromone precursor genes have been identified in ascomycetes, while only one class of precursor genes ( Mfa -like) has been identified in basidiomycetes. (asm.org)
  • In eukaryotes, there are three different forms of DNA-directed RNA polymerases transcribing different sets of genes. (ebi.ac.uk)
  • Biologically, this implies that small RNAs are involved in the control of physiological responses , developmental checkpoints, disease-associated genes and virulence traits. (phys.org)
MiRNAs7
Abstract1
  • abstract = "Polyadenylated RNA extracted from anglerfish islets was translated in a wheat germ cell-free system containing [35S]methionine in the presence and absence of microsomal membranes prepared from a canine pancreas. (elsevier.com)
Maturation8
Sequences13
MiRNA14
Ribosomal2
MicroRNA precursor family1
  • Page for mir-9/mir-79 microRNA precursor family at Rfam miRBase family page for mir-9 Kutty RK, Samuel W, Jaworski C, Duncan T, Nagineni CN, Raghavachari N, Wiggert B, Redmond TM (2010). (wikipedia.org)
Molecule5
Interference3
Amyloid7
Enzymes8
  • Cech TR (1987) The chemistry of self-splicing RNA and RNA enzymes. (springer.com)
  • RNase III enzymes play central roles in RNA silencing by processing double-stranded RNA precursors into small RNA duplexes. (mskcc.org)
  • Precise selection of cleavage sites by RNase III enzymes is critical, with Drosha and Dicer recognizing specific RNA structures and cleave a fixed distance away from that structural element. (mskcc.org)
  • The blueprints of the enzymes are encoded in DNA and are transcribed with the aid of both RNA and enzymes. (uni-stuttgart.de)
  • Earlier attempts to induce the formation of peptidyl RNAs in the absence of enzymes were largely unsuccessful. (uni-stuttgart.de)
  • These results are consistent with synthesis of anglerfish islet glucagon in the form of a pre-prohormonal precursor (M(r) = 14,500) containing a leader sequence that is cotranslationally cleaved from the protein by enzymes associated with microsomal membranes to produce a smaller intermediate prohormonal precursor (M(r) = 12,500) of pancreatic glucagon (M(r) = 3500). (elsevier.com)
  • The best substrate for these modifying enzymes is the RNase P cleavage product of the precursor RNA, which contains the mature tRNA sequence. (core.ac.uk)
  • Most RNA polymerases are multimeric enzymes and are composed of a variable number of subunits. (ebi.ac.uk)
Nucleic1
  • For example, positive strand RNA viruses and certain double strand DNA viruses that utilize host polymerases contain nucleic acids that can produce infectious forms of the viruses. (cdc.gov)
Nucleotides8
  • One of the two intervening RNA moieties contains 780 nucleotides. (nih.gov)
  • The size of the smaller intervening RNA has not been determined precisely, but it is 125 nucleotides or less. (nih.gov)
  • The largest mRNA-specific fragment is derived from the 3' terminus of the precursor, and contains the 3' terminal poly (A) and 330 mRNA-specific transcribed nucleotides. (nih.gov)
  • One mir-2 microRNA in Drosophila, dme-miR-2a-2 , is two nucleotides offset with respect to the canonical products of other mir-2 precursors. (wikipedia.org)
  • Certain nucleotides in precursor RNA of tRNA(Tyr) of Escherichia coli were modified in vitro with a preparation of partially purified E. coli enzyme containing ribothymidine- and pseudouridine-forming activity. (core.ac.uk)
  • The world is divided into those who say it was RNA and those who say no because it is hard to make RNA nucleotides and conditions on the prebiotic Earth were not favorable for that," says Leslie Orgel, senior fellow and research professor at the Salk Institute for Biological Studies in San Diego. (the-scientist.com)
  • To determine whether the contacts formed by P RNA and C5 contribute independently to specificity or exhibit cooperativity or anti-cooperativity, we compared the relative / values for all possible combinations of the six proximal 5' leader nucleotides ( = 4096) for processing by the P RNA subunit alone and by the RNase P holoenzyme. (bireme.br)
  • We observed that while the P RNA subunit shows specificity for 5' leader nucleotides N(-2) and N(-1), the presence of the C5 protein reduces the contribution of P RNA to specificity, but changes specificity at N(-2) and N(-3). (bireme.br)
Degradation7
Subunit4
  • RNA editing in the mitochondrion of Trypanosoma brucei extensively alters the adenosine triphosphate synthase (ATPase) subunit 6 precursor messenger RNA (pre-mRNA) by addition of 447 uridines and removal of 28 uridines. (sciencemag.org)
  • However, unlike the reaction with wild-type tRNA precursors, the reaction catalyzed by the holoenzyme with p4·5S as substrate has a much lower K m value than that catalyzed by M1 RNA with the same substrate, indicating that the protein subunit plays a crucial role in the recognition of p4·5S. (elsevier.com)
  • Dequard-Chablat M, Riva M, Carles C, Sentenac A. RPC19, the gene for a subunit common to yeast RNA polymerases A (I) and C (III). (ebi.ac.uk)
  • Saccharomyces cerevisiae RPC5 subunit (or RPC40) from RNA polymerases I and III. (ebi.ac.uk)
Nucleolar4
Ribonucleic acid2
Chromatin1
Dicer4
  • Our long-term goals are to structurally characterize and mechanistically define events associated with (1) processing of long double-stranded RNAs into siRNAs by the endonuclease acvtivity of Dicer and (2) guide-strand-mediated cleavage of target RNAs by Argonaute, the key component exhibiting slicer activity, within the RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC). (mskcc.org)
  • Dicer also participates in small interfering RNA (siRNA) production from long RNA duplexes. (mskcc.org)
  • The mature microRNA is processed from the longer hairpin precursor by the Dicer enzyme. (wikipedia.org)
  • Cytoplasmic RNase III enzyme, Dicer, in conjunction with TAR RNA-binding protein 2 binds to the pre‑microRNA and cleaves the terminal loop. (mdpi.com)
Escherichia2
Molecular12
  • Expression of Precursor RNA Processing Factor 31 (PRPF31) mRNA in Patients with Autosomal Dominant Retinitis Pigmentosa: A Molecular `Clue' for Incomplete Penetrance? (arvojournals.org)
  • Nevertheless, their role in the molecular pathogenesis of pediatric B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia has not been extensively explored. (ugent.be)
  • Our investigation of the molecular biology of IL-16 has therefore subsequently focused on the characterization of this initially elusive IL-16 precursor. (pnas.org)
  • Whether serotonin or norepinephrine has a direct effect on adult hippocampal precursors, and the cellular and molecular identity of such a precursor population, therefore remains unknown. (jneurosci.org)
  • This makes it likely that life did not start with a pure 'RNA world' but with a molecular world in which RNA as well as very short protein chains were formed. (uni-stuttgart.de)
  • Three metabolically distinct size-fractions were characterized: (1) nascent precursor-mRNA (apparent molecular weight 5 to 20 x 10(6), approximate half-life 30 min), (2) intermediate-size precursor-mRNA (molecular weight 1 to 5 x 10(6), approximate half-life 3 hr), (3) small precursor-mRNA (molecular weight 0.5 to 1.5 x 10(6), half-life more than 15 hr). (meta.org)
  • In molecular biology, miR-194 microRNA precursor is a small non-coding RNA gene that regulated gene expression. (wikipedia.org)
  • Our findings elucidate the molecular basis underlying inter-segment interactions in rotaviruses, paving the way for delineating similar RNA-RNA interactions that govern assembly of other segmented RNA viruses. (elifesciences.org)
  • When Gerald Joyce, a professor in the departments of chemistry and molecular biology at the Scripps Research Institute in La Jolla, Calif., spoke about the RNA world at the 36th American Society for Cell Biology Annual Meeting in December 1996 in San Francisco, 2,000 people attended! (the-scientist.com)
  • However, the interdependent contributions of RNA and protein subunits to molecular recognition by ribonucleoproteins are relatively unexplored. (bireme.br)
  • Eukaryotic RNA polymerases, whose molecular masses vary in size from 500 to 700 kDa, contain two non-identical large (>100 kDa) subunits and an array of up to 12 different small (less than 50 kDa) subunits. (ebi.ac.uk)
  • A team of scientists at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory (CSHL) has determined a hierarchical set of criteria that explain how the molecular precursors of gene-regulating small RNAs are sorted by the cellular machinery. (phys.org)
Vitro5
  • Mutations in both the guide RNA and the pre-mRNA editing site suggest that base-pairing interactions control the number of uridines deleted in vitro. (sciencemag.org)
  • Next, integration of this lncRNA signature with RNA sequencing of BCP-ALL cell lines and lncRNA profiling of an in vitro model system of ETV6/RUNX1 knockdown, revealed that lnc-NKX2-3-1, lnc-TIMM21-5, lnc-ASTN1-1 and lnc-RTN4R-1 are truly regulated by the oncogenic fusion protein. (ugent.be)
  • The in vitro effect of parathyroid hormone (PTH) on RNA and heme synthesis by embryonic mouse liver erythroid precursors was examined. (meta.org)
  • In the present study, we investigated the effects of serotonin and norepinephrine on adult hippocampal precursors in vitro using the neurosphere assay. (jneurosci.org)
  • Adipose precursor cells, said Marra and co-authors, have demonstrated an ability to differentiate in vitro into cartilage (chondrogenic), bone (osteogenic), fat (adipogenic) and muscle (myogenic) cell types. (bio-medicine.org)
Sequence15
  • To increase the biostability of the siRNA, we also constructed a short hairpin RNA (shRNA) using an H1/TO promoter with the same sequence of GEP-siRNA1 (GEP-shRNA). (spandidos-publications.com)
  • It is a long-standing mystery why cells use such a strategy, rather than simply terminating transcription at the end of the mature RNA sequence. (asm.org)
  • The 3′-terminal CCC sequence of p4·5 S may be as important for cleavage of this substrate as the 3′-terminal CCA sequence is for cleavage of tRNA precursors. (elsevier.com)
  • The determinant for the pheromone in E. faecalis FA2-2, designated cad , was found to encode a 309-amino-acid lipoprotein precursor with the last 8 residues of its 22-amino acid signal sequence representing the cAD1 moiety. (asm.org)
  • Our new observation that the pAD1-encoded inhibitor peptide, iAD1, whose precursor is itself a signal sequence, is also dependent on Eep is consistent with the likelihood that such processing occurs at the amino terminus of the cAD1 moiety. (asm.org)
  • This review includes a sequence Logo of the most conserved region of La and its refined modeling as an RNA recognition motif (RRM). (ingentaconnect.com)
  • Of the two pseudouridines found in mature tRNA, one (in the TΨC sequence) can be formed in intact precursor RNA. (core.ac.uk)
  • Here, we present direct experimental evidence of sequence-specific inter-segment interactions between rotavirus RNAs, taking place in a complex RNA- and protein-rich milieu. (elifesciences.org)
  • Accurate mapping is performed using Bowtie, and short RNAs are not showed here if their sequence counts are less than 10. (springer.com)
  • In fact, we can track detailed metabolic process with continuous lengths of short RNAs, but short RNAs more than 6 nt length always have fewer sequence counts. (springer.com)
  • In situ mapping of the 5' leader sequence of the 5' external transcribed spacer together with transcription labeling indicated that transcription and the first steps in processing of precursor rRNA are spatially separated. (biomedsearch.com)
  • The predicted MFA1 sequence showed 100% sequence identity to PPG2 of Sordaria macrospora and structural similarity (a carboxy-terminal CAAX motif) to many hydrophobic fungal pheromone precursors. (asm.org)
  • DNA-directed RNA polymerases EC:2.7.7.6 (also known as DNA-dependent RNA polymerases) are responsible for the polymerisation of ribonucleotides into a sequence complementary to the template DNA. (ebi.ac.uk)
  • The RNA synthesis process continues until a termination sequence is reached. (ebi.ac.uk)
  • The 42 nt sequence, termed an auxon because it serves as an exon or intron, appears to undergo alternative splicing from the precursor mRNA by a process that is regulated by both nutritional and environmental signals. (deepdyve.com)
Small14
RNase III2
Abundant2
  • Adipose tissues, shown to be multipotent, have also been shown to be an abundant source of post-natal precursor cells that are relatively easy to isolate from fat tissue and in sufficient amounts to be injected immediately post-isolation," said Dr. Kacey Marra, lead author of a study published in the current issue of the journal Cell Transplantation (18:2). (bio-medicine.org)
  • A putative pheromone precursor gene of Neurospora crassa , mfa-1 (which encodes mating factor a -1), was identified as the most abundant clone in starved mycelial and perithecial cDNA libraries. (asm.org)
MRNA precursors1
Functional9
  • Addition of recombinant Rnt1 to yeast extracts made from RNT1 disruptants induces the chase of dicistronic RNAs into mature snoRNAs, showing that dicistronic RNAs correspond to functional precursors stalled in the processing pathway. (nih.gov)
  • Structural biology of RNA silencing and its functional implications. (mskcc.org)
  • however, no stringent proof can be given that the two smaller nuclear precursor-mRNA fractions are direct physical precursors of functional mRNA. (meta.org)
  • Moreover, because these studies relied on RNA sequencing of bulk cell populations, potential heterogeneity representing distinct functional subsets or intermediate states of differentiation may have been missed. (thehub.press)
  • Chen J, Miao Z, Xue B, Shan Y, Weng G, Shen B. Long Non-coding RNAs in Urologic Malignancies: Functional Roles and Clinical Translation. (jcancer.org)
  • However, both precursor arms may give rise to functional levels of mature microRNA and the dominant product may change from species to species, from tissue to tissue, or between developmental stages. (pubmedcentralcanada.ca)
  • Tampa, Fla. (June 16, 2009) To determine if guided fat (adipose) precursor cells (APCs) could improve nerve regeneration and functional recovery, researchers at the University of Pittsburgh (USA) used biodegradable nerve guides to transplant APCs into the injured peripheral nerves of laboratory rats. (bio-medicine.org)
  • Previously thought to be non-functional transcriptional "noise," non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are now known to play important roles in many diverse biological pathways, not least in vascular disease. (frontiersin.org)
  • Our results indicate functional compartmentalization of DFCs with respect to the synthesis and processing of precursor rRNA. (biomedsearch.com)
Regulation4
Nuclear4
  • β-arr1 knockout (KO) mice show reduced neural precursor proliferation in subgranular zone (SGZ) which could be rescued by selective viral expression of β-arr1 but not its nuclear-function-deficient mutants under control of hGFAP promotor in DG. (nature.com)
  • Taken together, our data suggest that β-arr1 mediated nuclear signaling regulates the production of excretive factors derived from niche astrocytes and expansion of neural precursors in DG, thus maintaining homeostasis of adult hippocampal neurogenesis. (nature.com)
  • We further propose that β-arr1-mediated signaling in niche astrocytes enhances the mitotic expansion of neural precursors in adult hippocampus and this may involve nuclear β-arr1-mediated transcription of excretive niche factors, such as BMP2, from astrocytes in neurogenic niche. (nature.com)
  • La protects RNAs from 3′ exonucleolytic digestion and also contributes to their nuclear retention. (ingentaconnect.com)
TRNA2
  • The overall efficiency of cleavage of p4·5S by RNase P is similar to that of wild-type tRNA precursors. (elsevier.com)
  • ALKBH1 is an RNA dioxygenase responsible for cytoplasmic and mitochondrial tRNA modifications. (bireme.br)
Roles2
  • Overwhelming evidence indicates that long non-coding RNAs have essential roles in tumorigenesis. (ugent.be)
  • Three neuropeptides, gastrin releasing peptide (GRP), natriuritic precursor peptide B (NPPB), and neuromedin B (NMB) have been proposed to play roles in itch sensation. (biomedcentral.com)
Splicing5
MRNAs1
  • Thus, guide RNAs are required for RNA editing and for the transfer of genetic information to pre-mRNAs. (sciencemag.org)
Viral4
  • PHPC-02 is a phase II, randomized, placebo-controlled trial designed to investigate whether therapeutic immunization during highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) induces elevations of HIV-specific T cell precursors with high proliferative capacity (PHPC) in HIV-1-infected individuals, and whether the quantity of PHPC correlates with the viral load set point following analytical treatment interruption (ATI). (clinicaltrials.gov)
  • The precursor of the 55K adenovirus terminal protein is an 87K protein that is covalently linked to viral DNA. (cshl.edu)
  • We show that binding of the rotavirus-encoded non-structural protein NSP2 to viral ssRNAs results in the remodeling of RNA, which is conducive to formation of stable inter-segment contacts. (elifesciences.org)
  • A cDNA copy of the viral genomes listed below would not be regulated because they would first need to be transcribed into RNA then translated into protein and therefore would not be an immediate precursor to virus. (cdc.gov)
Gene expression2
  • RNA-sequencing reveals that β-arr1 KO DG astrocytes exhibit an aberrant gene expression profile of niche factors, including elevated transcription of Bmp2 . (nature.com)
  • Overall, the project findings provided important insight into how regulatory RNAs are integrated into the general network of gene expression. (phys.org)
Genetic4
  • Up to now the solution for this dilemma was presumed to be that a so-called 'RNA world' was first, in which RNA acted both as a genetic material and as biocatalyst. (uni-stuttgart.de)
  • In today's protein synthesis (left-hand side of graphic), the peptide chain grows to a full-length protein by migrating from one charged transfer-RNA to the next, with one amino acid residue being added during each step according to the genetic code. (uni-stuttgart.de)
  • pave the way for identifying the RNA-RNA interactions that govern how other segmented RNA viruses can package their genetic material. (elifesciences.org)
  • The past 10 years have seen an unprecedented accumulation of evidence presenting RNAs as ubiquitous regulators rather than merely passive transmitters of genetic information . (phys.org)
Eukaryotic2
  • Eukaryotic cells contain a large number of stable RNA species, nearly all of which are synthesized by posttranscriptional processing from larger precursors. (asm.org)
  • Eukaryotic cells are also known to contain separate mitochondrial and chloroplast RNA polymerases. (ebi.ac.uk)
Cleavage1
  • A motif within the U3 homolog is complementary to the region around the three cleavage sites in the pre-RNA substrate. (sciencemag.org)
Peptide2
  • The nonisogenic E. faecalis strain V583 determinant encodes a homologous precursor protein, but it differs at two amino acid positions, both of which are located within the pheromone peptide moiety (positions 2 and 8). (asm.org)
  • This explains why longer peptidyl RNAs were able to form, as this structural arrangement allows both the peptide chain and the RNA chain to grow simultaneously. (uni-stuttgart.de)
Regulatory RNAs1
  • Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Symposium on Regulatory RNAs 71, 81-93. (mskcc.org)
Neuronal2
  • Self-renewing, multipotent neural precursor cells (NPCs) are capable of terminally differentiating into neuronal and glial lineages during development and in the adult nervous system ( 1 , 2 ). (pnas.org)
  • These findings suggest that the activation of neurogenic precursors and stem cells via β 3 -adrenergic receptors could be a potent mechanism to increase neuronal production, providing a putative target for the development of novel antidepressants. (jneurosci.org)
Nascent2
Multipotent neural1
Double-stranded2
Mice2
  • Here, we show that there was a significantly larger population of marginal zone precursor (MZ-P) B cells, defined as being IgM hi CD1d hi CD21 hi CD23 hi in the spleens of autoimmune BXD2 mice compared with B6 mice. (jimmunol.org)
  • GFP expression in Zbtb46 gfp/+ mice recapitulated the cDC-specific expression of the native locus, being restricted to cDC precursors (pre-cDCs) and lymphoid organ- and tissue-resident cDCs. (rupress.org)
Nucleotide3
Genome2
  • Only recently have we begun to appreciate the importance and complexity of the non-coding genome, owing in some part to truly significant advances in genomic technology such as RNA sequencing and genome-wide profiling studies. (frontiersin.org)
  • RT "Genome-wide comparative in silico analysis of the RNA helicase gene RT family in Zea mays and Glycine max: a comparison with Arabidopsis and RT Oryza sativa. (genome.jp)
Messenger2
Neural4
  • Here we show that β-arrestin 1 (β-arr1) in dentate gyrus (DG) regulates neural precursor proliferation. (nature.com)
  • Recent work revealed that niche cells could regulate the properties of neural precursors through secretion of certain niche factors (environmental cues). (nature.com)
  • As a well-known type of niche cells, astrocytes are also able to sustain neural precursors and believed to be a predominant source of many adhesive and soluble niche factors 8 . (nature.com)
  • Similarly, systemic injection of the β-adrenergic receptor agonist isoproterenol not only results in enhancement of proliferation in the SGZ but also leads to an increase in the percentage of nestin/glial fibrillary acidic protein double-positive neural precursors in vivo . (jneurosci.org)