• We estimated the time interval between (1) the infection and sampling dates (linkage to care window), (2) the sampling dates and antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation (treatment window), and (3) the infection dates and ART initiation (transmissibility window) for the study population. (bmj.com)
  • The World Health Organization's (WHO's) antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation-guidelines have changed substantially over the last two decades. (scielo.org.za)
  • This cohort study aimed to evaluate predictors of initiation of atypical LAIs among patients with newly diagnosed schizophrenia in the United States. (psychiatrist.com)
  • To evaluate predictors of LAI initiation, a Cox proportional hazard regression model per independent predictors and main outcome (ie, LAI initiation) was performed. (psychiatrist.com)
  • This study examined the prevalence and correlates of ED use as well as initiation rates and predictors among German adolescents over a one-year period. (nih.gov)
  • The majority of participants started smoking before 16 years of age, and therefore the generalisability of the results regarding the predictors of smoking initiation is limited solely to adolescents who initiated smoking in late adolescence (16-18 years of age). (bmj.com)
  • Delays in time to treatment initiation may be associated with demographic and socioeconomic disparities, with care coordination, clinical, and socioeconomic factors representing potential predictors of time to treatment initiation. (ajmc.com)
  • Delays in time to treatment initiation (TTI) may be associated with demographic and socioeconomic disparities, with care coordination, clinical, and socioeconomic factors representing potential predictors of TTI, according to findings from a retrospective cohort study published in JCO Oncology Practice . (ajmc.com)
  • Ten of 12 states with trend data reported increases in the prevalence of breast-feeding initiation. (cdc.gov)
  • The aim of this study was to prospectively explore the relationships of different sport and scholastic factors with smoking prevalence initiation in older adolescents from Bosnia and Herzegovina. (bmj.com)
  • Over time, an increasing trend in treatment initiation among treatment-naĆÆve patients was observed, suggesting an advantage of early utilization of cladribine treatment. (businesswire.com)
  • [ 2 ] Patients should be aware of their CD4 count and their risk for specific infections and should begin ART. (medscape.com)
  • Patients initiating and continuing treatment with clozapine must have a baseline blood absolute neutrophil count (ANC) measured before treatment initiation and regular ANC monitoring during treatment ( 2.1 , 5.1 ). (nih.gov)
  • Use with caution in patients with history of seizure or risk factors for seizure. (nih.gov)
  • Monitor glucose regularly in patients with diabetes or at risk for diabetes. (nih.gov)
  • Multiple myeloma patients with this high-risk mutation often have a poorer prognosis and is an area of high unmet medical need. (biospace.com)
  • Here, we draw upon studies that have shed light on the initiation and progression of islet autoimmunity from the point of view of the beta cell. (springer.com)
  • For example, the single-autoantibody-positive stage generally has a significantly lower of risk of progression [ 12 ] and as such is not considered as the earliest stage of type 1 diabetes. (springer.com)
  • again, risk of progression to AIDS, as determined by HIV RNA viremia and CD4+ T cell count, should guide the decision to treat. (cdc.gov)
  • In this review, we address the current knowledge on the changes in the breast adipose tissue in obesity associated with breast cancer initiation and progression. (lu.se)
  • Adolescents who reported lower competitive achievements in sport were at a higher risk of (1) smoking at baseline (OR 1.5, 95% CI 1.1 to 2.1), (2) smoking at follow-up (OR 1.5, 95% CI 1.1 to 2.1) and (3) smoking initiation (OR 1.6, 95% CI 1.1 to 2.6). (bmj.com)
  • Their initiation is often reactive to relapse or disease exacerbation, rather than proactive as a relapse-prevention tool for early-phase schizophrenia. (psychiatrist.com)
  • This presentation provides some practical advice on how the initiation and planning phase of a project can be done in an Agile way. (projectbites.com)
  • Additionally, through the initiation of our Phase 1/1b study, we look forward to evaluating the safety and efficacy of EZM0414 in both DLBCL and multiple myeloma, including high-risk t(4;14) multiple myeloma. (biospace.com)
  • terpenes are a significant factor in the initiation, exacerbation, and propagation of some cases of chemical sensitivity. (cdc.gov)
  • Initiation rituals have been theorized to lead to the development of social cohesion though group identification and identity fusion. (newworldencyclopedia.org)
  • FDA's The Real Cost was based on behavior change theories and designed to prevent the initiation of cigarette smoking among youths who have never smoked and discourage further smoking among youths who have previously experimented with smoking ( 4 ) (RTI International and FDA, unpublished data, 2016). (cdc.gov)
  • We used an inductive, content analytic approach to identify key themes related to risk perceptions, sexual behavior, and use of HIV prevention tools. (frontiersin.org)
  • Additionally, high risk perception was based on the behavior of their partners, such as refusing to use condoms and being unsure of their partner's HIV status. (frontiersin.org)
  • The absolute percentage point difference in each in breastfeeding duration result, in part, from disparities in breastfeeding rate between black and white infants was also initiation. (cdc.gov)
  • Counter-advertising campaigns, combined with school-based education, can strengthen youths' ability to resist tobacco initiation. (aap.org)
  • The findings indicate that youths' self-reported exposure to the campaign was associated with a reduction in smoking initiation from 2014 to 2016. (cdc.gov)
  • This report describes the association between the Food and Drug Administration's (FDA's) first national tobacco public education campaign, The Real Cost, and rates of smoking initiation among youths in the United States from 2014 to 2016. (cdc.gov)
  • Results from a discrete-time survival model indicate that, among youths who reported never having smoked a cigarette in the baseline survey, the odds of reporting smoking initiation at follow-up were lower among youths with frequent exposure to campaign advertisements than among those with little or no exposure (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 0.70, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.55-0.91). (cdc.gov)
  • This report used data from the baseline survey and the first three follow-up surveys to determine whether campaign exposure was associated with preventing smoking initiation among youths who had never smoked at baseline (never smokers). (cdc.gov)
  • Is the Subject Area "Medical risk factors" applicable to this article? (plos.org)
  • Consider additional risk factors for prolonged QT interval (disorders and drugs). (nih.gov)
  • Factors that increase this risk include inability to negotiate condom use, intimate partner violence, social expectations such as early marriages, and biological factors such as presence of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) ( 2 , 3 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • For more information about this study or other questions about pancreatic cancer risk factors, diagnosis, or treatment, please contact a PanCAN Patient Services Case Manager toll-free at 877-272-6226 or by completing our contact form . (pancan.org)
  • ASP treatment lowered the presence of sepsis risk factors in preterm infants. (contemporaryobgyn.net)
  • The review consisted of comparisons for the presence of perinatal sepsis risk factors, along with the effectiveness of initial empiric antibiotics treatment. (contemporaryobgyn.net)
  • In the pre-ASP infants, there was a 73.6% presence of sepsis risk factors, while post-ASP infants had a 68.4% presence of sepsis risk factors. (contemporaryobgyn.net)
  • Initial antibiotics were not given to 42% of infants despite risk factors, while 20% did not have perinatal sepsis risk factors and were not treated. (contemporaryobgyn.net)
  • These estimates can change based on factors that influence a population group's risk. (cdc.gov)
  • The main risk factors for iron-deficiency anaemia include a low dietary intake of iron or poor absorption of iron from diets rich in phytates or phenolic compounds. (who.int)
  • Initiation of therapy in the asymptomatic person is more complex and involves consideration of multiple virologic, immunologic, and psychosocial factors. (cdc.gov)
  • Determinants of smoking initiation in South Africa. (who.int)
  • Fall risk assessment by measuring determinants of gait. (cdc.gov)
  • In this study, a "determinants of gait" model was adopted to analyze gait characteristics and associate them with fall risk. (cdc.gov)
  • Two important parameters of determinants of gait, i.e. the pelvic rotation and the knee flexion, were found to be associated with slip initiation severity. (cdc.gov)
  • Furthermore, this study also leveraged portable wireless sensor techniques and investigated if miniature inertial measurement units could effectively measure the important parameters of determinants of gait, and therefore assess slip and fall risk. (cdc.gov)
  • Despite the widely noted increase in crystal methamphetamine (CM) use, there are few studies on circumstances of first CM use or correlates of use among high-risk populations (e.g. street-involved youth). (nih.gov)
  • Everyone is exposed to radon, but some populations described in the literature are at higher risk of exposure to increased radon levels. (cdc.gov)
  • In addition, some populations are more at risk of adverse health effects from radon exposure. (cdc.gov)
  • Four themes emerged: (1) adoption of the WHO CD4-ART-initiation policy by SSA countries, (2) timely implementation of the changing guideline initiation policy in the region, (3) barriers and facilitators encountered in the implementation of the changing guidelines and (4) description of similarities in policy implementation at country level from 2002 to 2019. (scielo.org.za)
  • Health communication interventions are evidence-based strategies for preventing the initiation of tobacco use, promoting and facilitating cessation, and changing beliefs and attitudes about tobacco use ( 2 , 3 ). (cdc.gov)
  • However, it is difficult to assess individuals' fall risk and to determine who are at risk of falls and in need of fall interventions. (cdc.gov)
  • Public education campaigns are evidence-based strategies for positive public health outcomes such as preventing the initiation of tobacco use, promoting and facilitating cessation, and shaping social norms related to tobacco use. (cdc.gov)
  • More than ever health professionals through the antenatal services must relentlessly promote the advantages of exclusive breastfeeding to mothers, as well as to the health risks and other disadvantages of not breastfeeding. (who.int)
  • The aspect of concern for these reviews is to assess potential risk to aquatic invertebrates exposed to clothianidin or thiamethoxam applied as a seed, foliar or soil treatment. (canada.ca)
  • One study found significantly reduced incidence of OI after ART initiation, from 15.1 infections per 100 person-years in the 6 months before starting ART to 2.2 infections per 100 person-years after 9 to 15 months of treatment. (medscape.com)
  • Our findings suggest that high drug costs may independently estimate the likelihood of treatment initiation with an SGLT2 inhibitor or GLP-1 RA, irrespective of a patient's age, race, degree of glucose control, and the presence of preexisting CVD or other clinical comorbidities," wrote the investigative team, led by Jing Luo, MD, MPH, from the division of general internal medicine at the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine. (consultantlive.com)
  • ASPs are put into place for high-risk infants to mediate the adverse effects of antibiotic exposure with the need for empiric treatment. (contemporaryobgyn.net)
  • TTI, which was the primary outcome of the study, was defined as time from histopathologic diagnosis to initiation of the first treatment measured in days. (ajmc.com)
  • If prolonged opioid use is required in a pregnant woman, advise the patient of the risk of neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome and ensure that appropriate treatment will be available ( 5.8 ). (drugs.com)
  • Various studies have showed that exclusive breastfeeding consistently reduced risks for overweight and obesity. (who.int)
  • The new Rule will implement an annual review that will require the Australian Energy Market Operator (AEMO) in collaboration with Network Service Providers (NSPs) to identify and assess risks to power system security that it expects would be likely to lead to cascading outages or major supply disruptions. (aemc.gov.au)
  • Increased flexibility in the scope to assess priority risks in order to manage the costs associated with the review. (aemc.gov.au)
  • Assess patient's risk before prescribing and monitor closely for these behaviors and conditions ( 5.6 ). (drugs.com)
  • Results in this study suggested that pelvic rotation and knee flexion measured by the inertial measurement units can be used as a substitution of the traditional motion capture system and can assess slip and fall risk with fairly good accuracy. (cdc.gov)
  • As a summary, findings of this study filled the knowledge gap about how critical gait characteristics can influence slip and fall risk, and demonstrated a new solution to assess slip and fall risk with low cost and high efficiency. (cdc.gov)
  • The project initiation document is not regularly updated during project stages. (wikipedia.org)
  • Preventing youth smoking initiation is a priority for tobacco control programs, because most adult tobacco smokers become addicted during adolescence. (cdc.gov)
  • A spiritual initiation rite normally implies a shepherding process where those who are at a higher level guide the initiate through a process of greater exposure of knowledge. (newworldencyclopedia.org)
  • Data were broken down into birth cohorts, and genetic models were fitted to test whether the decline, in more recent birth cohorts, in the percentage of individuals becoming smokers has led to a change in the relative contributions of genes and environment to risk of becoming a smoker. (wustl.edu)
  • Many hookah smokers believe that smoking a hookah carries less risk of tobacco-related disease than cigarette smoking (5). (cdc.gov)
  • Obesity is associated with an increased risk of breast cancer, which is the most common cancer in women worldwide (excluding nonā€melanoma skin cancer). (lu.se)
  • Hereby, we can improve identification of women with obesity with an increased risk of breast cancer and an impaired prognosis. (lu.se)
  • The extent to which young women's self-perceptions about risk of HIV acquisition influence their sexual behaviors and use of HIV prevention methods remains unclear. (frontiersin.org)
  • Around the time of enrollment, most of the 50 women interviewed reported being at high risk of HIV because of their own sexual behaviors, such as inconsistent condom use, multiple sexual partners, and transactional sex. (frontiersin.org)
  • Social cognitive theories, such as the Expanded Health Belief Model and Theory of Reasoned Action, postulate that individuals who perceive risk of acquiring a disease will be more likely to engage in risk reducing sexual behaviors ( 4 - 6 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • The final rule requires AEMO to first identify a number of priority risks to be reviewed in the GPSRR and in cooperation with NSPs. (aemc.gov.au)
  • This could include providing AEMO with details of any options the NSP has identified for mitigating the priority risks and providing any computer models that AEMO reasonably requires. (aemc.gov.au)
  • 2012). In Asia and Europe, nurses have shown an increased risk of hospitalization for asthma and new-onset asthma if exposed to cleaning agents (Dumas et. (cdc.gov)
  • The dependent variables were (1) smoking at baseline, (2) smoking at follow-up and (3) smoking initiation over the course of the study. (bmj.com)
  • Today we are excited to announce an important milestone for Epizyme, as we prepare to bring another investigational candidate into the clinic with the initiation of this first-in-human clinical trial of our SETD2 inhibitor, EZM0414," said Grant Bogle, President and Chief Executive Officer at Epizyme. (biospace.com)
  • The policy impact of this study is that an increase in the price of cigarettes will decrease smoking initiation, especially amongst males. (who.int)
  • Street-involved youth in Vancouver, Canada, were enrolled in the At-Risk Youth Study (ARYS) prospective cohort. (nih.gov)
  • Results School absence at the baseline study was a significant predictor of smoking initiation during the course of the study (OR 1.4, 95% CI 1.1 to 1.8). (bmj.com)
  • Those who reported quitting sports at baseline showed an increased risk of smoking at the end of the study (OR 1.4, 95% CI 1.1 to 2.0) and of smoking initiation (OR 1.8, 95% CI 1.3 to 2.0). (bmj.com)
  • The components of the initiation vary widely from study of scripture and public affirmation of faith, through tests of knowledge or physical fortitude, to participating in humiliating, dangerous, or even criminal activities. (newworldencyclopedia.org)
  • Therefore, this study was motivated by a need to provide a cogent fall risk assessment strategy that may be conducive to various wireless platforms. (cdc.gov)
  • As a proof of concept, this study concentrated on slip-induced falls and the slip initiation risks. (cdc.gov)
  • The present study was conducted between May and August 2017 and screening of child household contacts and subsequent TPT initiation included 11 of the 13 clinics in the two subdistricts, excluding two in eligible children. (who.int)
  • The most common barriers to the timely implementation of 'new' ART-initiation guidelines were economic constraints, drug stock-outs, delays in obtaining baseline blood-test results and staff shortages. (scielo.org.za)
  • Immunosuppression resulting from HIV places a patient at risk for infection from organisms that are otherwise relatively mildly hazardous and that would normally be cleared by a competent immune system. (medscape.com)
  • Inference of the putative source of HIV infections suggested that individuals with a recent diagnosis or narrow transmissibility window (time period between HIV infection and ART initiation) were not sources of HIV infections to other groups. (bmj.com)
  • The information from different databases allowed them to estimate the incidence of Q fever and mature B-cell NHL by postal code and model the adjusted relative risk of mature B-cell NHL after Q fever infection. (medpagetoday.com)
  • On the other hand, rewards during mild initiations have important consequences in that initiates who feel more rewarded express stronger group identity: A reward led to higher group identity than no reward. (newworldencyclopedia.org)
  • [7] Psychology experiments have also shown that initiations increase feelings of affiliation. (newworldencyclopedia.org)
  • Multiple vulnerabilities exist in the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) implementation in Cisco IOS Software that could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to cause a reload of an affected device when SIP operation is enabled. (tenable.com)
  • Although countries in SSA have adopted the WHO-ART-CD4 initiation-threshold policy guidelines, implementation has seldom occurred in a timely manner. (scielo.org.za)
  • Atypical antipsychotic drugs have been associated with metabolic changes that may increase cardiovascular/cerebrovascular risk. (nih.gov)
  • This rule will increase the transparency of emerging system security risks that may need to be managed, helping AEMO, NSPs and other market participants better understand the nature of new risks and monitor these over time, all of which is particularly important given the transition underway. (aemc.gov.au)
  • Again, they found no increase in the relative risk of developing mature B-cell NHL, even 4 years after Q fever. (medpagetoday.com)
  • Monitor closely, especially upon initiation or following a dose increase. (drugs.com)
  • Depending on the specification, a R1 increase in the price of cigarettes reduces the risk of smoking onset by between 1.1% and 2.8% for males. (who.int)
  • I haven't read Initiation in other media, so this is my first time. (goodreads.com)
  • For example, students of Brazilian Jiu Jitsu who had experienced painful belt-whipping gauntlets had a higher willingness to donate time or risk their lives for the club. (newworldencyclopedia.org)
  • Mircea Eliade defined initiation as "a basic change in existential condition," which liberates man from profane time and history. (newworldencyclopedia.org)
  • The GPSRR is a tool to monitor risks over time and is not intended as a present assessment of all potential system risks in detail. (aemc.gov.au)
  • Orthostatic Hypotension, Bradycardia, and Syncope: Risk is dose-related. (nih.gov)
  • Seizure: Risk is dose-related. (nih.gov)
  • Theory holds that everyone is at risk from radon exposure, and this health risk increases linearly with dose. (cdc.gov)
  • Smoking initiation amongst males is much higher than amongst females. (who.int)
  • I'm Nikki Grimsley, and I'm representing the Clinician Outreach and Communication Activity or COCA with the Emergency Risk Communication Branch at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (cdc.gov)
  • As part of the initial consultation, and for the purposes of the approach paper, NSPs would provide AEMO with their views and findings from their annual planning reviews in relation to potential risks that may lead to major supply disruptions. (aemc.gov.au)
  • At-risk individuals typically include infants and older adults as well as immunocompromised individuals. (pipelinereview.com)
  • The first denominator included all infants of notable in rates of any breastfeeding at 3 months, where the the respective racial/ethnic group regardless of breastfeeding percentage point difference between black and white infants initiation. (cdc.gov)
  • 17.8%), to receive Special Supplemental Nutrition Program breastfeed have a lower risk for developing type 2 diabetes, for Women, Infants, and Children benefits (78.2% versus hypertension, and breast and ovarian cancers ( 2 ). (cdc.gov)
  • Project scope statement is one of the most important sections of the project initiation document. (wikipedia.org)
  • At initiation , a project charter is used to define the goals, budget, and scope of the project, and a project manager is assigned. (smartsheet.com)
  • The removal of specific risk areas to avoid ambiguity in the objective of the risk review and potential duplication of other activities. (aemc.gov.au)
  • Smoking initiation in South Africa typically takes place in the late teenage years and early twenties. (who.int)
  • Radon Toxicity: Who Is at Risk of Radon Exposure? (cdc.gov)
  • Identify the estimated risk of lung cancer from radon exposure for persons who smoke cigarettes as compared with those who have never smoked. (cdc.gov)
  • The risk of lung cancer from radon exposure is estimated at between 10 to 20 times greater for persons who smoke cigarettes as compared with those who have never smoked. (cdc.gov)
  • The added risk is unclear regarding medical exposure, which can exceed that from radon. (cdc.gov)
  • Studies performed on health-care personnel and professional cleaners working in hospitals have shown an increased risk of work-related asthma due to the exposure to traditional cleaning agents (e.g., detergents), especially if cleaning agents and disinfectants are used in their sprayed form (Dumas et. (cdc.gov)
  • UC San Diego Inpatient Warfarin Initiation found through Web Ref provides a detailed daily guide to warfarin dosing. (ucsd.edu)
  • Significant shared environmental effects on smoking initiation also were found, accounting for 23% of the variance in U.S. men, 28% of the variance in U.S. women, 39% of the variance in Australian men, and 15% of the variance in Australian women. (wustl.edu)
  • The authors concluded in their report that "no increased risk of mature B-cell NHL after Q fever was found in the entire Dutch population that suffered the largest Q fever outbreak ever recorded. (medpagetoday.com)
  • The project initiation documentation bundles the information, which was acquired through the starting up a project (SU) and initiating a project (IP) processes in a PRINCE2 controlled project environment. (wikipedia.org)
  • The lifecycle of an IT project involves the five basic processes of all managed projects: initiation, planning, execution, control and monitoring, and project completion (or project close). (smartsheet.com)
  • Adolescent girls and young women (aged 15-24) in many parts of sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) are at a much higher risk of HIV acquisition compared to young men ( 1 , 2 ). (frontiersin.org)