AnatomyDiseasesChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPsychiatry and PsychologyPhenomena and ProcessesAnthropology, Education, Sociology and Social PhenomenaTechnology, Industry, AgricultureInformation ScienceNamed GroupsHealth CareGeographicals
Waist CircumferenceRisk FactorsBody Mass IndexWaist-Hip RatioObesity, AbdominalAnthropometryObesityAdiposityMetabolic Syndrome XAbdominal FatBody ConstitutionCross-Sectional StudiesBody Weights and MeasuresAbdomenOverweightBody CompositionCardiovascular DiseasesPrevalenceSex FactorsBody WeightBody Fat DistributionBlood GlucoseIntra-Abdominal FatSkinfold ThicknessBody HeightInsulin ResistanceCohort StudiesProspective StudiesAdipose TissueBody SizeDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2Linear ModelsAge FactorsBlood PressureLife StyleCholesterol, HDLLogistic ModelsTriglyceridesLipidsHypertensionRisk AssessmentFollow-Up StudiesWeight LossRegression AnalysisQuestionnairesAsian Continental Ancestry GroupExerciseDietBiological MarkersChinaOdds RatioMultivariate AnalysisROC CurvePredictive Value of TestsLongitudinal StudiesScrotumSex CharacteristicsReference ValuesCase-Control StudiesEuropean Continental Ancestry GroupDiabetes MellitusHeadIncidenceJapanSmokingUnited StatesC-Reactive ProteinWeight GainMotor ActivityInsulinFastingAdiponectinPregnancyHypertriglyceridemiaTime FactorsBrazilSedentary LifestyleCholesterol, LDLMetabolic DiseasesPhysical FitnessUmbilicusGlucose Tolerance TestInfant, NewbornAbsorptiometry, PhotonHealth SurveysDyslipidemiasAnalysis of VarianceSubcutaneous FatBirth WeightCephalometryNutritional StatusSex DistributionAfrican Continental Ancestry GroupGlucose IntoleranceRetrospective StudiesNutrition SurveysSubcutaneous Fat, AbdominalCholesterolEnergy IntakeFood Habits
RatioHypertensionType 2 DiabetMeasurementOverweightAdipose tissueMeasurementsDiabetesAdiposityLarge waist circumferenceIncreases the riskSignificantlySedentarySagittal AbdominaEpidemiologyInsulinPredictorVisceral fatPostmenopausal WomenAbstractTriglycerideMetabolic riskSexesAtherosclerosisAortic aneurysmCoronaryIntra-abdominalExcess abdominal fatMortalityModifiable riskAssess0.85Avoiding abdominal obesityConclusionCentral obesityLipidSubcutaneous fatBellyBody MassWeightCholesterolCardiometabolicSymptomsHighMethodsSkinfoldParticipantsSystolicHealthAdultCular risk factorsChronicRelationHeightObeseEthnicityCardiovascular disease riskHigherAdultsStudy
Ratio30
  • The differentiation ratio between android obesity and gynoid obesity can also be made by measuring the ratio of waist to hip circumference. (gurze.com)
  • It measures waist to hip ratio. (medicscientist.com)
  • Obesity, a high waist-to-hip ratio, hypertension, more severe abdominal obesity, and dyslipidemia were significantly associated with a higher risk of diabetes and prediabetes. (e-epih.org)
  • This has led to an increasing evidence for abdominal obesity indices such as waist circumference (WC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) as predictors of CVD [ 16 , 17 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Waist circumference and waist-hip ratio better estimate abdominal obesity driving insulin resistance. (sdgln.com)
  • Waist-to-hip ratio: a measurement for determining risk of distribution of body fat. (drnamitajain.com)
  • Use the 2 simple methods - waist measure and waist-to-hip ratio to find out the risk of your body fat distribution. (drnamitajain.com)
  • The waist-to-hip ratio offers a fast and reliable assessment of fat distribution towards risk to health. (drnamitajain.com)
  • This is calculated by dividing the waist measurement by the hip measurement to determine the ratio. (drnamitajain.com)
  • Calculate your ratio and check with this table if it is associated with health risk. (drnamitajain.com)
  • This is the waist/hip ratio. (lightbearers.org)
  • An individual with a 1.0 ratio has a two-fold greater risk of all-cause mortality than an individual with a 0.8 ratio, as well as increased risk of cardiovascular disease and/or type-2 diabetes. (lightbearers.org)
  • Another recent study has associated certain socio-economic factors with SAD/height ratio in the US representative population [ 13 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The aim of the present study was to examine associations between dairy intake and multiple measures of body composition (BMI, waist and hip circumference, waist:hip ratio, abdominal lean mass, subcutaneous, visceral, and intermuscular fat areas) among South Asian adults in the USA. (nyu.edu)
  • The researchers also reported that pericardial fat was weakly or moderately correlated with indicators of being overweight or obese such as body mass index, waist girth, hip circumference, and waist-to-hip ratio, and that it remained a risk factor for heart failure above and beyond the risk from being overweight or obese. (worldhealth.net)
  • The percentage of adults aged 20 years or older with an unhealthy waist circumference increased from 5.6% in 1988-1994 to 7.6% in 2012, and the percentage with an unhealthy waist-to-height ratio increased from 27.2% in 1988-1994 to 33.7% in 2012. (medscape.com)
  • Hazard Ratios (HR) for incident AF was calculated in relation to quartiles of body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, waist hip ratio, waist height ratio, body fat. (lu.se)
  • Results: After adjustment for multiple risk factors, the risk of AF was significantly increased in the 4th versus 1st quartile of weight (HR for men/women = 2.02/1.93), BMI (HR = 1.62/1.52), waist circumference (HR = 1.67/1.63), waist to hip ratio (HR = 1.30/1.24), waist to height ratio (1.37/1.39) and body fat percentage (HR = 1.21/1.45) in men/women. (lu.se)
  • Measures of overall weight (BMI, weight) were slightly more predictive than measures of abdominal obesity (waist hip ratio and waist height ratio) both in men and women. (lu.se)
  • Also fat mass (FM), waist circumference (Wci), hip circumference (Hci) and waist to hip ratio or waist to height ratio, are relevant. (ommegaonline.org)
  • It is considered that for a good health, waist should measure no more than 80 cm in women and 94 cm in men, and abdominal obesity exists when waist circumference is more than 88 cm in women and 102 cm in men [4] , or when the waist to hip ratio is above 0.85 in women and 0.9 in men [5] . (ommegaonline.org)
  • The waist to height ratio is a simple measurement for assessment of abdominal fat mass and cardiovascular risk, with considered healthy values those under 0.5 [6,7] . (ommegaonline.org)
  • Compared to just measuring waist circumference, waist to height ratio is equally fair for men and women and also for short and tall persons. (ommegaonline.org)
  • Measuring waist to height ratio is gaining popularity in the scientific society as several studies have found that this is a more valid measurement than BMI. (ommegaonline.org)
  • Men and women with a large waist circumference and a large waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) have an increased risk of developing colon cancer. (news-medical.net)
  • Measures of waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio and body composition are also useful for this. (canyonranch.com)
  • In addition to your BMI and waist measurement, your doctor may compare your hip and waist circumferences, which is called your waist-to-hip ratio, as another tool for determining whether you are carrying too much belly fat. (canyonranch.com)
  • You can get a very accurate idea of whether or not you're in the healthy zone by looking at all three measures - your BMI, your waist circumference and your waist-to-hip-ratio. (livestrong.com)
  • If you're borderline, it's a good idea to also calculate your waist-to-hip ratio: Measure your waist at your belly button and your hips at their widest point, then divide your waist size by your hip size. (livestrong.com)
  • A healthy waist-to-hip ratio is under 0.9 for men and under 0.8 for women, according to the National Center for Biotechnology Information . (livestrong.com)
Hypertension18
Type 2 Diabet12
  • Obesity increases the risk of developing type 2 diabetes. (sdgln.com)
  • Obesity significantly increases the risk of developing type 2 diabetes. (sdgln.com)
  • Higher BMIs strongly predict type 2 diabetes risk as excessive weight strains the metabolic system. (sdgln.com)
  • Having three or more of these factors will result in a diagnosis of metabolic syndrome and will increase your risk of health complications including type 2 diabetes. (healthline.com)
  • High blood glucose (sugar) levels put you at greater risk of developing insulin resistance, prediabetes and type 2 diabetes . (bidmc.org)
  • Waist circumference (WC) is used to indirectly measure abdominal adipose tissue and the associated risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and cardiovascular disease (CVD). (nih.gov)
  • If you have been told you have coronary heart disease, symptomatic carotid artery disease, peripheral arterial disease, abdominal aortic aneurysm, type 2 diabetes, or sleep apnea, you are in the high-health-risk category for the purpose of determining whether you should lose weight. (clarksnutrition.com)
  • Recent studies continue to show a shocking 25% of people with type 2 diabetes don't even know they are at risk. (reliv.com)
  • Low adiponectin levels are a risk factor for the later development of type 2 diabetes . (news-medical.net)
  • Waist circumference actually plays a direct role in determining your risk of developing Type 2 diabetes. (doctory.net)
  • Excess abdominal fat has been linked to an increased risk of heart disease, high blood pressure, and type 2 diabetes. (fourthfrontier.com)
  • The recommendation applies to asymptomatic women with no previous diagnosis of type 1 or type 2 diabetes mellitus. (medscape.com)
Measurement15
  • A related measurement is supine abdominal height (SAH), the abdominal height as measured in the supine position. (wikipedia.org)
  • To identify abdominal obesity, BMI monitoring must be followed by waist circumference measurement. (gurze.com)
  • Waist circumference: a measurement to assess potential risk for disease based on intra-abdominal fat content. (drnamitajain.com)
  • Measurement 1 is waist circumference. (lightbearers.org)
  • Measurement 2 is measuring hip circumference and dividing that into waist circumference. (lightbearers.org)
  • It remains unclear whether SAD and its socio-economic correlates differ in women and men, which limits the epidemiological and clinical applications of the SAD measurement. (biomedcentral.com)
  • A measurement of 40 inches for men or 35 inches for women is considered a risk factor. (healthline.com)
  • The results support self-measured WC as a useful tool for large-scale populations and epidemiological studies when objective measurement is not feasible, but overestimation should be taken into account when screening adults at risk of T2DM and/or CVD. (nih.gov)
  • The tape should be snug but should not compress the skin, and the waist circumference measurement should be made at the end of a normal breath following exhalation. (clarksnutrition.com)
  • In addition to the assessment of probable sarcopenia, this measurement may point out the risk of fractures. (biomedcentral.com)
  • To determine if you're at risk, you need to first take a measurement of your waist. (doctory.net)
  • A normal waist measurement for men is below 34.6 inches. (doctory.net)
  • While you may weigh more than average or qualify as "overweight" according to the BMI chart, you may not be all that unhealthy if your waist measurement is within normal ranges. (doctory.net)
  • When your BMI is 27 or greater, or you have excess abdominal fat (a waist measurement of 35 inches or greater in women, or 40 inches or greater in men), you're more likely to develop high blood pressure, increased blood lipid levels and coronary heart disease. (canyonranch.com)
  • An ideal, healthy measurement for women is below 35 inches, and below 40 inches is the aim for men, says Dr. Bao. (livestrong.com)
Overweight20
Adipose tissue3
Measurements12
  • Among many baseline measurements and assessments conducted at the fourth follow-up exam, the women provided their age at menopause, and their weight was measured. (worldhealth.net)
  • More and more doctors prefer to use waist circumference measurements to determine the forms of obesity. (gurze.com)
  • Due to the limitations of BMI methodology, current reports by the World Health Organization and other organizations suggest combining the measurements of BMI and abdominal obesity [ 11 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • So, if your mid-section measurements put you at greater risk, there is no better time than today to start working on brining those inches down. (nutritionwithamy.com)
  • Girth measurements are used to assess the circumference of various body parts. (drnamitajain.com)
  • A total of 464 police officers participated in the study which involved questionnaires measuring demographic, lifestyle, and psychological factors, DEXA measurements to record bone density and body composition, ultrasounds of the brachial and carotid arteries, 18 salivary cortisol samples throughout the day and in response to a series of challenges, and blood samples. (cdc.gov)
  • Measurements of waist circumference and body weight can be used to calculate body mass index (BMI), a number that helps to determine healthy body weight and composition. (bidmc.org)
  • These measurements are extremely helpful in weight management , because they don't factor in overall body fat. (doctory.net)
  • Body mass index measurements were taken and blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, cholesterol and triglycerides measured. (who.int)
  • Therefore, doctors use body mass index (BMI), as well as other measurements and blood test results, to evaluate the risks involved with increased body fat. (expatliving.sg)
  • OBJECTIVE: To convert waist circumference (WC) measurements obtained by World Health Organization (WHO-WC) method to National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI-WC) method. (cdc.gov)
  • Patients with the identified risk factors should be encouraged to have regular blood pressure measurements at home and not only when they visit the HIV clinic. (bvsalud.org)
Diabetes23
  • According to the International Diabetes Federation (2), waist circumference should not exceed 94 cm in men and 80 cm in women. (gurze.com)
  • Those factors increase the risk of developing cardiovascular diseases of atherosclerotic etiology and diabetes mellitus type 2 [ 1 , 5 - 9 ], which are the main cause of premature deaths among most of the European and US population [ 10 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • It is well know that extra weight in the abdominal region increases the risk of diabetes, stroke and heart disease. (nutritionwithamy.com)
  • This study estimated trends in diabetes and prediabetes prevalence and determined risk factors in Vietnamese adults (over 45 years). (e-epih.org)
  • furthermore, diabetes even increases the risk of developing some types of cancer [ 1 , 2 ]. (e-epih.org)
  • As a result, prediabetes is a significant risk factor of diabetes, and this recognition should be combined with a thorough understanding of its natural history and interventions to control it. (e-epih.org)
  • Does Obesity Posses Higher Risk Of Diabetes? (sdgln.com)
  • This article explores the link between obesity and diabetes, the mechanisms behind the connection, complications that can arise, and preventive lifestyle measures and medical interventions to reduce diabetes risk. (sdgln.com)
  • Just a modest weight loss of 5-10% in obese individuals can sharply reduce diabetes risk by restoring insulin sensitivity and beta cell function. (sdgln.com)
  • Genetics influence both obesity and diabetes risk, but lifestyle factors play a major role. (sdgln.com)
  • Metabolic syndrome is a group of five risk factors, that when left untreated, increase the likelihood of developing heart disease, diabetes, and stroke. (healthline.com)
  • Abdominal fat, which translates to central obesity is the indicator of impaired glucose tolerance and is a major risk factor for various obesity-related diseases such as heart disease and diabetes. (assignology.com)
  • The American Diabetes Association recommends regular screening for diabetes risk beginning at age 45, with repeated tests every three years. (bidmc.org)
  • CARDIA objectively documented cardiorespiratory fitness using treadmill exercise testing to measure cardiorespiratory fitness at baseline (year 0: age 18-30 years), in early adulthood (year 7: age 25-37 years), and again at middle age (year 20: age 38-50 years), with documentation of incident prediabetes/diabetes over 25 years. (medscape.com)
  • Nevertheless, even after adjustment for these differences, better fitness was independently associated with lower risk of developing incident prediabetes or diabetes. (medscape.com)
  • in particular, MS gives an almost twice increased risk for coronary heart disease, 2 a two- to threefold increased risk for future ischaemic stroke 3 and an even greater risk for diabetes. (bmj.com)
  • Background: Metabolic syndrome increases the risk of cardiovascular outcomes and type II diabetes. (natap.org)
  • According to a study published by the PLoS Medicine journal, the combination of the BMI and your waist circumference is a much more accurate predicator of diabetes risk than just the BMI alone. (doctory.net)
  • Anything above 40 inches is big, however, and puts you at an elevated risk of diabetes. (doctory.net)
  • While there's no foolproof way to determine your risk of diabetes, taking waist circumference under consideration is yet another tool to add to your BMI and family history information for figuring out where you stand and what steps you need to do to enact proper weight management . (doctory.net)
  • Infants of mothers with preexisting diabetes mellitus experience double the risk of serious injury at birth, triple the likelihood of cesarean delivery, and quadruple the incidence of newborn intensive care unit (NICU) admission. (medscape.com)
  • Women with prediabetes identified before pregnancy should be considered at extremely high risk for developing gestational diabetes mellitus during pregnancy. (medscape.com)
  • Once the diagnosis of diabetes is established in a pregnant woman, continued testing for glycemic control and diabetic complications is indicated for the remainder of the pregnancy. (medscape.com)
Adiposity6
Large waist circumference1
Increases the risk6
  • We know that obesity increases the risk of developing heart failure, and the onset of menopause is associated with increased body fatness," said Ebong. (worldhealth.net)
  • Other factors that increase the risk of obesity include:a) Family history: Risk of obesity is higher if one or both the parents are obese.b) Childhood Obesity: Being obese during childhood increases the risk of being obese as an adult.c) Genes: Some gene mutations or genetic disorders may cause obesity. (medicscientist.com)
  • Having excess pericardial fat -- fat around the heart -- increases the risk of developing heart failure, especially in women, according to new Mount Sinai research. (worldhealth.net)
  • Furthermore, patients with breast cancer often use glucocorticoids to control symptoms associated with treatment, which increases the risk of fractures [ 6 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Obesity not only increases the risk of death, but it also increases the risk of developing many other health conditions, " says Dr Biffin. (expatliving.sg)
  • This markedly suppress HIV viral replication, reducing morbidity and increases the risk of drug interactions leading to possible mortality continuously. (bvsalud.org)
Significantly11
  • SAD measure of men in their 40s, greater than 25 cm, also predicts significantly higher risk of Alzheimer's disease 30 years later. (wikipedia.org)
  • While women who enter menopause before age 45 are known to be at higher risk of heart failure, obesity significantly increased heart failure risk among women who experienced late menopause - at age 55 or older, according to a new study. (worldhealth.net)
  • While women who enter menopause before age 45 are known to be at higher risk for heart failure, obesity significantly increased heart failure risk among women who experienced late menopause -- at age 55 or older, according to new research published today in the Journal of the American Heart Association , an open access, peer-reviewed journal of the American Heart Association. (worldhealth.net)
  • Body mass index (BMI) being the most studied anthropometric index has been reported to be significantly related to CVD risk factors as demonstrated by several prospective and cross-sectional studies [ 13 - 15 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Contrary to what one may assume, research has found that removing as much as 20 pounds of fat with liposuction did not significantly alter insulin sensitivity, did not lower levels of inflammation, and did not significantly alter other risk factors for heart disease. (lightbearers.org)
  • the factors were significantly more prevalent in women (68.2%) and increased with age. (bvsalud.org)
  • In men, depression symptoms significantly increased with increasing levels of BMI and abdominal height. (cdc.gov)
  • The risk of general and abdominal obesity and concomitant outcomes increased significantly with age in both sexes. (scielosp.org)
  • In studies with both males and females, significantly higher effects have been found in males 5 - 7 . (ersjournals.com)
  • Stepwise regression showed that only waist circumference significantly predicted metabolic syndrome. (cdc.gov)
  • Abdominal obesity was significantly associated with gender and high levels of sedentary behaviour, regardless of confounding factors. (bvsalud.org)
Sedentary9
  • A study among urban and rural settlers in a Ghanaian population found an increased cardiometabolic risk factors among urban settlers due to their increased sedentary and unhealthy dietary habits [ 7 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • The associations of gender, age, educational level, body mass index, smoking status, dietary habits, physical activity and sedentary behaviour with the discrepancies between self-measured and objectively measured WC were analysed using independents t-test and one-way ANOVA. (nih.gov)
  • Their analysis found that excess pericardial fat was associated with a higher risk of heart failure in both women and men, even after adjusting for established risk factors for heart failure such as age, cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption, sedentary lifestyle, high blood pressure, high blood sugar, high cholesterol, and heart attacks. (worldhealth.net)
  • About a quarter of adults-and an even greater percentage of women-report they are sedentary and engage in no physical activity during leisure time, and less than half exercise regularly. (healthywomen.org)
  • And as women age, their tendency to be sedentary steadily increases. (healthywomen.org)
  • Some habits, such as smoking, drinking excessive alcohol, and having a sedentary lifestyle, can increase your risk of heart disease. (fourthfrontier.com)
  • The association of abdominal obesity and independent variables was assessed using the chi-square test and the magnitude of associations was verified using Binary Logistic Regression in an unadjusted model and adjusted for confounders (gender, age, socioeconomic status, physical activity and sedentary behaviour). (bvsalud.org)
  • Adolescents with abdominal obesity had higher values of body weight, height, body mass index and sedentary behaviour compared to eutrophic individuals. (bvsalud.org)
  • This risk was two times higher in those with high levels of sedentary behaviour. (bvsalud.org)
Sagittal Abdomina1
  • Sagittal abdominal diameter (SAD) is a measure of visceral obesity, the amount of fat in the gut region. (wikipedia.org)
Epidemiology2
  • We observed a stronger positive relation with abdominal body fat than with total body fat and COPD," writes Dr. Gundula Behrens, Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany, with coauthors. (sciencedaily.com)
  • In addition we will address important areas of modern epidemiology such as the influence of early life factors on adult health and disease, but also the importance of the gene-diet-microbiota interaction for body function and health. (lu.se)
Insulin9
Predictor5
  • SAD is a strong predictor of coronary disease, with higher values indicating increased risk independent of BMI. (wikipedia.org)
  • A large waist was a robust predictor of COPD in smokers as well as in people who had never smoked. (sciencedaily.com)
  • 35 inches for women) has been shown to be an independent predictor of risk factors for obesity and increased morbidity. (psychiatrist.com)
  • In a study among South African blacks, WHtR was found as a significant predictor for all cardiometabolic risk components after 5 years in an adult population [ 18 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Waist circumference was a better predictor of metabolic syndrome than was BMI in our study sample of predominantly African American female adolescents living in an urban area. (cdc.gov)
Visceral fat6
  • Unknown is whether CRF attenuates health risk for a given level of abdominal visceral fat, subcutaneous fat, and/or waist circumference. (diabetesjournals.org)
  • 0.01) for blood pressure, indicating that the increase in blood pressure per unit increase in visceral fat or waist circumference was greater in men in the low-CRF group compared with the high-CRF group. (diabetesjournals.org)
  • The relative risks of having the metabolic syndrome were 1.8 (95% CI 1.0-3.1) and 1.6 (0.9-2.7) times higher in the low- and moderate-CRF groups, respectively, compared with the high-CRF group after adjusting for age, visceral fat, and subcutaneous fat ( P for trend = 0.06). (diabetesjournals.org)
  • Abdominal fat, otherwise called visceral fat, refers to the fat deposits found between the liver and the kidneys, and are packed into the abdominal cavity. (assignology.com)
  • The best way to tell how much visceral fat you have is to have a CT or MRI scan done on your abdominal area, says Dr. Bao. (livestrong.com)
  • Abdominal obesity (excess fat in the abdomen) is associated with increased visceral fat - the fat covers internal organs. (expatliving.sg)
Postmenopausal Women5
  • Investigators analyzed health data for nearly 4,500 postmenopausal women participating in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study. (worldhealth.net)
  • It is also sometimes found in postmenopausal women whose estrogen levels are decreasing. (gurze.com)
  • Among postmenopausal women, aromatase inhibitors (AI), used in endocrine therapy, are responsible for suppressing peripheral estrogen production. (biomedcentral.com)
  • A July 2019 study of more than 155,000 postmenopausal women in ‌ JAMA Network Open ‌ found that those with a normal BMI (between 18.5 and 24.9) whose waist circumference was over 35 inches were almost a third more likely to die from cancer or heart disease than those with smaller waists who were also at a healthy weight. (livestrong.com)
  • A quick note that the study authors used the term 'postmenopausal women,' so we've included that here. (livestrong.com)
Abstract2
  • ABSTRACT This study assessed the prevalence of the metabolic syndrome, and its components, as defined by Adult Treatment Panel III criteria in Jordanian patients attending a family practice clinic for management of cardiovascular risk factors. (who.int)
  • ABSTRACT Studies have shown that cardiovascular risk factors, such as obesity, blood lipid levels, start early in childhood and some are on the rise in children. (who.int)
Triglyceride2
Metabolic risk4
  • 31 The presence of abdominal obesity is more highly correlated with the metabolic risk factors than is an elevated BMI. (slideplayer.com)
  • This is a tool created to assess cardio-metabolic risk considering the joint effect of metabolic syndrome factors, and not their separated presence. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We performed crude and adjusted Poisson regression analyses for each obesity outcome and multinomial logistic regression for metabolic risk. (scielosp.org)
  • Metabolic syndrome is defined as clustering of several cardiovascular and metabolic risk factors. (cdc.gov)
Sexes2
  • Identification of the sex difference in SAD is crucial for better understanding heath disparities in cardiometabolic outcomes among men and women and improving health care for both sexes. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Height was also rather strongly associated with cancer risk in both sexes. (news-medical.net)
Atherosclerosis1
  • Researchers involved with a multi-institutional collaboration examined the association between pericardial fat and the risk of heart failure by using chest computed tomography (CT) scans from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA), a medical research study sponsored by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute of the National Institutes of Health. (worldhealth.net)
Aortic aneurysm1
  • Men between the ages of 65 and 75 who have ever smoked should have a one-time ultrasound screening for abdominal aortic aneurysm . (bidmc.org)
Coronary2
  • The Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) study is a prospective, multicenter cohort study designed to investigate trends and determinants of coronary heart disease risk factors in young adults. (medscape.com)
  • Risk of coronary heart disease halved, Quitting achieves immediate and long-term benefits. (who.int)
Intra-abdominal1
  • Intra-abdominal infections and infected fluid collections are the result of local infection typically involving the gastrointestinal or genitourinary tract. (bvsalud.org)
Excess abdominal fat2
Mortality5
  • OBJECTIVE -Moderate to high levels of cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) are associated with a lower risk of the metabolic syndrome and all-cause mortality. (diabetesjournals.org)
  • It is also reported that high levels of cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) are associated with lower risk of metabolic syndrome ( 3 ) and all-cause mortality ( 4 - 6 ). (diabetesjournals.org)
  • In this period of life, the presence of detrimental health habits can be consolidated until and into adulthood, and can be a precursor for higher risk of mortality and chronic diseases. (bvsalud.org)
  • As well as general obesity, fat concentration in the of detrimental health habits can be consolidated until and abdominal region has been associated with an increased into adulthood, and can be a precursor for higher risk of risk of metabolic diseases in the population in recent dec- mortality and chronic diseases2,3. (bvsalud.org)
  • Recent national assessments of mortality and causes of death in Viet Nam have identified stroke as the leading cause of death in both men and women (6). (cdc.gov)
Modifiable risk2
  • Identifying and mitigating modifiable risk factors through education and lifestyle interventions is crucial. (sdgln.com)
  • Lifestyle habits are important modifiable risk factors that can effectively contribute to the reduction of obesity from an early age. (bvsalud.org)
Assess7
  • Two common methods to assess the degree of obesity are measuring waist circumference, a surrogate for abdominal fat, and calculating the body mass index (BMI). (psychiatrist.com)
  • Measuring your waist circumference also helps to assess for "abdominal obesity. (sutterhealth.org)
  • This is one of the key measures used to assess obesity and is strongly associated with abdominal fat. (drnamitajain.com)
  • These measures allowed researchers to assess the effects of shift work and extended work hours on officer stress and fatigue, and examine the effects of work-related stress and fatigue on cardiovascular and metabolic disease risk. (cdc.gov)
  • There is a vital need for a more in-depth evaluation to assess the impact of health and related factors on climate change, and vice versa, considering the different scenarios of climate change and predictions of the demographic structure of the countries [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Waist circumference is the distance around the abdomen and this measure is used to assess the degree of abdominal obesity and also cardiovascular risk. (ommegaonline.org)
  • Your GP will first assess your risk," explains Dr Biffin. (expatliving.sg)
0.854
  • When the index obtained is greater than 1.0 for a man and 0.85 for a woman, it is a case of android obesity. (gurze.com)
  • Moderate risk is 0.90-1.0 in males and 0.81-0.85 in women and high risk is over that benchmark. (lightbearers.org)
  • 0.9 in men and 0.85 in women. (assignology.com)
  • The epidemiologists came to the following conclusions: Women with a WHR over 0.85 had a 52 percent higher risk of colon cancer than those with a WHR under 0.73. (news-medical.net)
Avoiding abdominal obesity1
  • The findings indicate that maintaining a healthy weight and avoiding abdominal obesity may protect against developing heart failure, especially among women who experience late menopause. (worldhealth.net)
Conclusion1
  • Conclusion: All measures of obesity were associated with increased risk of developing AF. (lu.se)
Central obesity1
  • The application of WHtR provides an alternative anthropometric index of central obesity that avoids the limitations of WC because the inclusion of height into the index enhances the avoidance of any potential confounding of cardiometabolic risk by height [ 19 ]. (hindawi.com)
Lipid1
Subcutaneous fat2
  • CONCLUSIONS -High levels of CRF are associated with a substantial reduction in health risk for a given level of visceral and subcutaneous fat. (diabetesjournals.org)
  • This type of stomach fat is known as subcutaneous fat, since it's right underneath your skin,' explains Pamela Peeke, MD, MPH , an assistant professor of medicine at the University of Maryland and author of ‌ Body for Life for Women ‌. (livestrong.com)
Belly9
  • Obesity, especially excessive belly fat, is a risk factor for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, according to a new article. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Excessive belly fat and low physical activity are linked to progression of the disease in people with COPD, but it is not known whether these modifiable factors are linked to new cases. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Abdominal obesity results in an enlarged belly. (gurze.com)
  • This often happens when someone has fat collected in their belly or abdominal region. (dhurandhar.com)
  • Belly fat is a sign that someone has fat build-up in their vital organs that reside in the abdominal region. (dhurandhar.com)
  • Also, in a smaller sample of participants who underwent abdominal CT scans to determine the amount of belly fat beneath the skin and in the abdomen, pericardial fat predicted the risk of heart failure even after taking excess belly fat into consideration. (worldhealth.net)
  • In light of this, it is safe to say that belly fat can be unattractive and a risk factor to your health. (betterme.world)
  • Since your waist circumference or size takes into account your belly fat, you will know when you shed it. (betterme.world)
  • Using a cloth measuring tape, measure your waist at your belly button. (livestrong.com)
Body Mass12
Weight23
  • Our findings suggest that next to smoking cessation and the prevention of smoking initiation, meeting guidelines for body weight, body shape and physical activity level may represent important individual and public health opportunities to decrease the risk of COPD. (sciencedaily.com)
  • It is measured by dividing weight in kg by height in square meters. (gurze.com)
  • Individuals who maintained a healthy weight but carried extra fat in the abdominal region were 1.9 times more likely to develop dementia. (nutritionwithamy.com)
  • So, the best way to lose that abdominal weight is to follow the same principles that apply for general weight loss. (nutritionwithamy.com)
  • Some clinicians measure ALT levels in at-risk children starting at around 10 years old, but our findings underscore the importance of acting earlier in a child's life to prevent excess weight gain and subsequent liver inflammation," says Woo Baidal, who is also director of pediatric weight management and a pediatric gastroenterologist in the Center for Adolescent Bariatric Surgery at NewYork-Presbyterian Morgan Stanley Children's Hospital. (nyp.org)
  • The recognition of the important link between body weight, body fat and risk of disease is crucial. (drnamitajain.com)
  • Those who are pear shaped and gain their weight in the hips and thighs do not have near the risk as apple-shaped individuals, who gain their weight around the middle. (lightbearers.org)
  • Having excess weight in your abdominal region can lead to fat accumulating in the liver and muscle cells. (healthline.com)
  • In 1998, a report containing the conclusions of a panel of health experts set guidelines for deciding when excess weight should be considered a health risk. (clarksnutrition.com)
  • What role do body weight and fitness level play in the risk for prediabetes among adults? (medscape.com)
  • By applying a statistical model analogous to that applied in the above mentioned paper, the present authors have previously found that weight at baseline and change in weight were significant predictors of D L,CO longitudinal increases over an 8-yr period, both in adult males and females from the Po river delta prospective epidemiological study in Italy 9 . (ersjournals.com)
  • Seventy- eight women who wanted to lose weight were recruited in the program and splitted into intervention or control group (food supplement plus diet or diet alone) and were monitored for 8 weeks. (ommegaonline.org)
  • This is probably because men gain weight primarily by increasing abdominal body fat, whereas in women, body fat normally also accumulates in other parts of the body", says Heiner Boeing, head of EPIC Potsdam. (news-medical.net)
  • Anyone with risk factors for health problems must be concerned about extra weight. (healthywomen.org)
  • One reason is that many factors other than overeating can play a part in weight, including your genetic makeup, cultural influences and natural hormonal and neurologic regulators. (healthywomen.org)
  • Instead, the success of your weight-management efforts should be evaluated not just by the number of pounds you lose, but by improvements in your chronic disease risk factors, such as reduced blood pressure, cholesterol and blood sugar levels, as well as by new, healthy lifestyle habits. (healthywomen.org)
  • On the flip side, some women are underweight, despite having tried to achieve or maintain a 'normal' weight. (healthywomen.org)
  • Undergoing efforts for weight management then need to focus on the abdominal area in particular, not just on overall weight loss. (doctory.net)
  • Doctors can use BMI as a good starting point for flagging those who may be at risk for many weight-related health concerns. (canyonranch.com)
  • Excess body weight can strain your heart and increase your risk of heart disease. (fourthfrontier.com)
  • It is body fat and not actual weight that carries the increased risk of disease," says Dr Biffin. (expatliving.sg)
  • BMI is calculated by dividing body weight (measured in kilograms) by height (measured in square metres). (expatliving.sg)
  • In fact, losing weight can help reduce all of the risks associated with it. (expatliving.sg)
Cholesterol6
Cardiometabolic3
  • The optimum cut-off range of WrC to identify individuals at increased cardiometabolic risk was 17.5 to -17.8 cm for men and 16.0 to 16.7 cm for women while that of WHtR was 0.52 to 0.61 for men and 0.53 to 0.59 for women. (hindawi.com)
  • However, the argument about the most effective anthropometric index associated with cardiometabolic risk factors among diabetics remains unresolved. (hindawi.com)
  • INT RODUCTIO N: Th e eld erly h ypert en si ve pa ti ent s of ten h aveincreased prevalence of cardiometabolic risk factors and their attendantco-morbidities. (bvsalud.org)
Symptoms1
  • The alarming statistics underscore the importance of an increased need for recognizing the associated risk factors and symptoms. (reliv.com)
High10
  • Recently, Ross and Katzmarzyk ( 7 ) reported that for a given BMI, individuals with high CRF had lower abdominal skinfold thickness and waist circumference compared with individuals with lower CRF, independent of sex. (diabetesjournals.org)
  • The risk of having high severe MetS was related to high CO 2 emissions. (biomedcentral.com)
  • High blood pressure greatly increases your risk of heart disease and stroke as well as damaged arteries," says Brett Carroll, MD , Director of Vascular Medicine in Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center's CardioVascular Institute and Medical Director of the Aortic Center . (bidmc.org)
  • We observed high prevalences of general and abdominal obesity in this population, which is consistent with the values found in urban populations. (scielosp.org)
  • After accounting for these risk factors for heart failure, high pericardial fat volume increased the risk of developing heart failure by approximately 100 percent, or double, in women and about 50 percent in men. (worldhealth.net)
  • For this study, the researchers defined excess or "high" pericardial fat volume as 70 cubic centimeters (2.4 fluid ounces) or more in women, and 120 cubic centimeters (4 fluid ounces) or more in men. (worldhealth.net)
  • Underlying conditions, like obesity and high blood pressure, are known to increase the risk for heart failure, but these findings help investigators further study these associations, while potentially advancing research that helps explain sex-based differences in cardiovascular disease outcomes," adds Cashell E. Jaquish, Ph.D., Project Officer for MESA within the Division of Cardiovascular Sciences at National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute. (worldhealth.net)
  • High blood pressure is a significant risk factor for heart disease. (fourthfrontier.com)
  • Very fit and muscular people, and people of certain ethnic groups, can have high BMIs and not be at high risk for the adverse consequences of obesity. (expatliving.sg)
  • Tobacco and alcohol use were high among men, and tobacco use may be increasing among Vietnamese women. (cdc.gov)
Methods1
  • METHODS: Participants aged 18 years and older (n = 4,689) in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES 2017-2018) had their blood pressure (BP) measured following two protocols: the legacy auscultation protocol [AP] and oscillometric protocol [OP]. The order of protocols was randomly assigned. (cdc.gov)
Skinfold1
  • While there are other ways to measure your body fat, like using skinfold calipers , these aren't always accurate and can be pricey. (livestrong.com)
Participants3
  • The researchers examined in 368,277 EPIC participants the associations between various body measures and the risk of colon and rectal cancer. (news-medical.net)
  • The waist circumference for 104 (56%) participants was above the cutpoint. (cdc.gov)
  • A questionnaire adapted from the WHO STEPwise approach to chronic disease risk-factor surveillance was used to collect study participants' data. (bvsalud.org)
Systolic1
Health19
  • Although both abdominal fat and low CRF are significant predictors of health risk, the independent contribution of these two factors is not firmly established. (diabetesjournals.org)
  • Upper or abdominal obesity is known to increase health risk. (drnamitajain.com)
  • Having a waist circumference over 35 inches for women or 40 inches for men is considered a risk factor for metabolic health issues, regardless of BMI status. (dhurandhar.com)
  • A complex stratified multistage clustered sampling design was used to select 6975 men and 7079 women aged 18 years or more from the National Health Nutrition and Examination Survey 2011-2016, representative of the US civilian non-institutionalized population. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Knowledge of sex-specific socio-economic factors associated with SAD could promote the development of sex specific interventions to prevent obesity-related health disparities. (biomedcentral.com)
  • For example, abdominal fat has more serious health consequences than fat located elsewhere. (slideplayer.com)
  • If you are diagnosed with metabolic syndrome, the goal of treatment will be to reduce your risk of developing further health complications. (healthline.com)
  • Even though abdominal fat is imperative for survival during a famine, it is a preceding factor for serious health conditions. (assignology.com)
  • The BCOPS study is an investigation of the early or subclinical health consequences of stress in police officers and examines associations between a variety of officer exposures and outcomes including stress, shift work, traumatic incidents, lifestyle factors, stress biomarkers, body measures, and subclinical metabolic and cardiovascular disease. (cdc.gov)
  • Abdominal fat has been recognized as the type of fat leading to the highest health risks compared with fat located elsewhere in the body. (clarksnutrition.com)
  • It also reduces our risk of several health conditions. (betterme.world)
  • Both male and female nurses were enrolled during an annual health surveillance programme performed by occupational physicians in three large hospitals (two teaching hospitals and one general hospital). (bmj.com)
  • It is also a critical factor associated with the progression of metabolic syndrome, which increases your risk of developing cardiovascular disease and other chronic health conditions. (reliv.com)
  • Objective: To determine the incidence and risk factors for metabolic syndrome in HIV-infected adults in the Nutrition for Healthy Living (NFHL) study (2000-2003) and prevalence relative to the findings of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) (1999-2002). (natap.org)
  • Your waist circumference can be a good indicator of your overall heart health. (fourthfrontier.com)
  • A BMI can give us important health information, but it's not a perfect indicator - our research indicates that what's deep within your abdominal area is just as, if not more, important,' study co-author Wei Bao, MD, PhD , an epidemiologist in the College of Public Health at the University of Iowa in Iowa City, tells LIVESTRONG.com. (livestrong.com)
  • Gore J, Denno B, Omura JD, Baumgart M, McGuire LC, O'Brien K. Promoting Healthy Aging to Reduce the Risk of Dementia: A Public Health Imperative. (cdc.gov)
  • Effective strategies to reduce risk factors for chronic disease are required to address these health concerns in Viet Nam. (cdc.gov)
  • Physical Activity and Health-Related Quality of Life in Women With Breast Cancer: A Meta-Analysis. (who.int)
Adult1
  • RÉSUMÉ La présente étude a évalué la prévalence du syndrome métabolique et ses composantes selon les critères de l' Adult Treatment Panel III chez des patients jordaniens consultant dans un établissement de soins en médecine familiale pour la prise en charge des facteurs de risque cardio-vasculaires. (who.int)
Cular risk factors1
  • information on changes in cardiovas- recorded at the highest point of the hip cular risk factors in children and ado- with a meter measuring tape. (who.int)
Chronic7
  • Ms A, a 49-year-old woman with a history of severe obesity, bipolar disorder, anxiety, and multiple medical problems, was admitted to the hospital with severe anasarca and a chronic pleural effusion. (psychiatrist.com)
  • Chronic stress can also lead to unhealthy coping mechanisms, such as overeating or smoking, increasing your risk of heart disease. (fourthfrontier.com)
  • Risk Factors for Chronic Disease in Viet Nam: A Review of. (cdc.gov)
  • We reviewed literature on chronic disease risk factors in Viet Nam to identify patterns and data gaps. (cdc.gov)
  • All population-based studies published from 2000 to 2012 that reported chronic disease risk factors were considered. (cdc.gov)
  • however, more recent and context-specific information is required for planning and monitoring interventions to reduce risk factors and chronic disease in this country. (cdc.gov)
  • The most common chronic diseases share risk factors (5), which are often classified as behavioral or biological. (cdc.gov)
Relation2
  • However, there is no relation between the body measures of the investigation and rectal cancer risk. (news-medical.net)
  • This agrees with our observation that BMI is rather inappropriate for predicting colon cancer in women because the relation between BMI and waist circumference is not as close as in men. (news-medical.net)
Height1
Obese1
Ethnicity1
  • Some ethnicities tend more to skinny fat than others which is why some authorities have established different waist to hip ratios based on ethnicity. (lightbearers.org)
Cardiovascular disease risk1
  • Over 25% of BCOPS study officers had the metabolic syndrome, a group of factors believed to increase cardiovascular disease risk, compared to 18.7% of the U.S. employed population. (cdc.gov)
Higher8
  • These analyses suggest that higher consumption of low-fat yogurt is associated with lower visceral and intermuscular fat in the whole sample, and women with higher dairy intake have lower waist circumference. (nyu.edu)
  • This work provides us with an important tool to stratify patients into higher and lower risk of heart failure, which can possibly lead to early intervention and heart failure prevention to ultimately save people's lives. (worldhealth.net)
  • The prevalence of modifiable cardiometabolicrisk factors burden was higher in the hypertensive subjects when comparedwith the controls. (bvsalud.org)
  • Men with a BMI over 29.4 had a 55 percent higher risk of colon cancer than slim men with a BMI under 23.6. (news-medical.net)
  • The risk was 80% higher among those with at least a 0.5-log increase in viral load in the previous 6 months. (natap.org)
  • Among our cohort of HIV-infected adults, the risk of developing metabolic syndrome was higher in those with a clinically relevant increase in viral load (≥0.5 log) in the previous 6 months. (natap.org)
  • But if your waist size is larger than normal, you could still be at a higher risk than other people. (doctory.net)
  • The abdominal obesity prevalence was 17.5% (CI = 15.4%-19.6%), and was higher in boys than in girls. (bvsalud.org)
Adults3
  • The aim of this study was to determine the accuracy of self-measured WC in adults at risk of T2DM and/or CVD, and to determine the anthropometric, demographic and behavioural characteristics associated with bias in self-measured WC. (nih.gov)
  • To evaluate the prevalence of general and abdominal obesity and the concomitant presence of both outcomes and their determinants among adults living in a rural area. (scielosp.org)
  • Characteristics of Asian American Family Caregivers of Older Adults Compared to Caregivers of Other Racial/Ethnic Groups: Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System 2015-2020. (cdc.gov)
Study25
  • In our study, we investigated if and how obesity affects the relationship between menopausal age and the future risk of developing heart failure. (worldhealth.net)
  • Women with a heart failure diagnosis before the fourth study visit were excluded from in the analysis for this study. (worldhealth.net)
  • Our family medicine clinic is a hos- study period, the number of selected pital-affiliated clinic located in Jordan patients totalled 730 (281 males and The metabolic syndrome is a cluster- University Hospital (the main teaching 449 females). (who.int)
  • The study group consisted of 839 patients with diagnosed metabolic syndrome: 345 men (41.1%) and 494 women (58.9%) aged 32-80. (hindawi.com)
  • The study found that bigger waist circumference at age 3 raises the likelihood that by age 8, children will have markers for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. (nyp.org)
  • In the current study, Woo Baidal and colleagues looked for fatty liver risk factors in younger children. (nyp.org)
  • The researchers measured blood levels of a liver enzyme called ALT-elevated ALT is a marker for liver damage and can occur in individuals with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and other conditions that affect the liver-in 635 children from Project Viva, an ongoing prospective study of women and children in Massachusetts. (nyp.org)
  • Socio-economic factors, such as age, sex, and education have been linked to the population distribution of SAD in a descriptive population study in Finland [ 15 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • OBJECTIVE: To study the prevalence of cardiovascular (CV) risk factors (RFs) in the rural population of the Chui region of Kyrgyzstan (Central Asia). (bvsalud.org)
  • Therefore, this cross-sectional study aims to investigate the prevalence and risk factors of MAFLD based on new diagnostic criteria, to better elucidate the association between MAFLD and multiple metabolic disorders, so as to provide a more accurate reference for the management and prevention of MAFLD. (researchsquare.com)
  • A unique feature of this study is the utilization of both objective sleep quality measures (obtained by an actigraph-an electronic device that measures the quantity and quality of sleep) and daily work history records which date back to 1960. (cdc.gov)
  • Police stress, particularly administrative and organizational pressure and lack of support, was associated with metabolic syndrome among female, but not male BCOPS study officers. (cdc.gov)
  • This prospective study used CT scans from nearly 7,000 women and men between 45 and 84 years of age across the United States with diverse racial backgrounds to measure pericardial fat. (worldhealth.net)
  • [ 2 ] The study began in 1985-1986, recruiting black and white women and men aged 18-30 years at baseline. (medscape.com)
  • This study investigates how different anthropometric measures correlate to the risk of developing clinical AF in the Malmö Diet and Cancer cohort (MDC-cohort). (lu.se)
  • Both overall obesity and abdominal obesity were related to incidence of AF in this population-based study, although the relationship for overall obesity was stronger. (lu.se)
  • The present study investigated the association between sarcopenia phenotypes and fracture risk, assessed by the Fracture Risk Assessment Tool (FRAX) in women with breast cancer. (biomedcentral.com)
  • 9 However, no prospective study has been performed until now to evaluate whether night-shift work actually represents a risk factor for the development of MS. The aim of the present study was therefore to evaluate whether the performance of night shifts may influence the incidence of MS in male and female nurses. (bmj.com)
  • A venous blood sample was taken of a set of risk factors for cardiovascular This study was conducted as a part of from each subject in a sitting position disease [3]. (who.int)
  • The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of abdominal obesity and its associated factors among adolescents, independent of confounders. (bvsalud.org)
  • We summarized relevant study information in tables listing available studies, risk factors measured, and the prevalence of these risk factors. (cdc.gov)
  • None of the studies evaluated measured dietary patterns or total caloric intake, and only 1 study measured dietary salt intake. (cdc.gov)
  • [ 1 , 2 ] A study by Stuebe et al found this condition to be associated with persistent metabolic dysfunction in women at 3 years after delivery, separate from other clinical risk factors. (medscape.com)
  • Statin Use and Skin Cancer Risk: A Prospective Cohort Study. (who.int)
  • Risk Stratification for Early-Onset Colorectal Cancer Using a Combination of Genetic and Environmental Risk Scores: An International Multi-Center Study. (who.int)