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RibosomesRibosomal ProteinsRNA, RibosomalRibosome Subunits, Large, EukaryoticProtein SubunitsImidoestersPeptide Chain Initiation, TranslationalRibosome SubunitsPeptide Initiation FactorsEscherichia coliRibosome Subunits, Small, EukaryoticPoly UPolyribosomesProtein BiosynthesisRibosome Subunits, Small, BacterialCentrifugation, Density GradientProkaryotic Initiation Factor-3PuromycinRNA, TransferRNA, BacterialMolecular Sequence DataRibosome Subunits, Large, BacterialRNA, Ribosomal, 18SReticulocytesMacromolecular SubstancesPeptide BiosynthesisSaccharomyces cerevisiaeRNA, Transfer, MetEukaryotic Initiation Factor-3Ribosome Subunits, LargeAmino Acid SequenceBase SequenceRNA, FungalElectrophoresis, Polyacrylamide GelSaccharomyces cerevisiae ProteinsRNA PrecursorsProtein BindingRNA Processing, Post-TranscriptionalMolecular WeightEdeineRNA, Ribosomal, 23SRibosomal Protein S6RNA, Transfer, Amino AcylNucleic Acid ConformationCell NucleolusMagnesiumMutationBinding SitesRNA, Ribosomal, 5.8SKineticsRNA, MessengerCell FractionationGuanosine TriphosphatePhenylalanineRibosome Subunits, SmallViomycinRNA-Binding ProteinsEukaryotic Initiation Factor-1Peptide Elongation FactorsRNA, Ribosomal, 5SBacterial ProteinsCross-Linking ReagentsArtemiaPeptidyl TransferasesTrichoderminFungal ProteinsModels, MolecularPactamycinMethionineRabbitsRibonucleoproteinsRNA, Transfer, PheParomomycinGeobacillus stearothermophilusCytoplasmPolynucleotidesEukaryotic Initiation Factor-2Maleic AnhydridesProkaryotic Initiation FactorsRibonucleasesCentrifugation, ZonalEukaryotic Initiation FactorsPeptide Chain Elongation, TranslationalCloning, MolecularPeptide Elongation Factor GProtein ConformationSequence Homology, Amino AcidRibonuclease T1RNA, Ribosomal, 28STritiumLiverN-FormylmethionineOligoribonucleotidesRibosome Subunits, Large, ArchaealEscherichia coli ProteinsGenes, FungalCell NucleusCentrifugation, IsopycnicHaloarcula marismortuiRecombinant Fusion Proteins
ProteinsRRNAMitochondrialRibosomesEukaryotesGenesRibosome is composedLarge subunitsEukaryotic cellsBacteriaBacterialMRNA moleculeEIF6GeneNucleotideCytoplasmicBiogenesisSedimentationHaploinsufficiencySingle-strandedIntermediatesYeastCellularAssemblyTranslationNuclearBoundReactionComplexClinicalAssociation
Proteins23
  • The 50S subunit is primarily composed of proteins but also contains single-stranded RNA known as ribosomal RNA (rRNA). (wikipedia.org)
  • The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of constituent RNAs and proteins to form ribosomal subunits. (yeastrc.org)
  • Reconstitution of ribosomes in vitro from individual ribosomal proteins provides a powerful tool for understanding the ribosome assembly process including the sequential incorporation of ribosomal proteins. (elsevierpure.com)
  • In this study, we reconstituted 30S ribosomal subunits from individually purified ribosomal proteins in the presence of ribosome biogenesis factors. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Although GlcNAc modified proteins exist on both the nuclear and cytoplasmic sides of the nuclear pore complex, ribosomal subunit export was inhibited only when wheat germ agglutinin was injected into the nucleus. (silverchair.com)
  • Finally, we investigate the spatio-temporal stress signaling, revealing cellular relocation of ribosomal proteins in response to hypertonicity and muscle contraction. (nature.com)
  • A subunit of the enzymatic complex P-TEFb can induce compartmentalization of proteins into liquid-like droplets in cells. (natureasia.com)
  • Congenital mutations in RPS19 and other closely related ribosomal genes encoding ribosomal proteins have been implicated in patients with Diamond Blackfan anemia (DBA) a disorder characterized by moderate to severe macrocytic anemia, with erythroid hypoplasia and an increased risk of leukemia. (nih.gov)
  • Decreased expression of ribosomal proteins can have pathogenic consequences both within the bone marrow and during the development of other tissues. (nih.gov)
  • The mechanisms underlying these pathogenic mechanisms reveal potential interactions of renegade ribosomal proteins with signaling pathways controlling cell division and apoptosis. (nih.gov)
  • Ribosomes are made up of ribosomal proteins and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). (britannica.com)
  • Ribosomes are usually made up of three or four rRNA molecules and anywhere from about 40 to 80 different ribosomal proteins. (britannica.com)
  • The mitochondrial ribosomes (mitoribosomes) synthesize, almost exclusively, membrane proteins that are subunits of oxidative phosphorylation complexes. (molbiolcell.org)
  • Each subunit consists of one or more ribosomal RNA (rRNA) molecules and many ribosomal proteins (RPs or r-proteins). (wikipedia.org)
  • The ribosomal RNA (rRNA) is well-conserved, highly structured, and must bind dozens of ribosomal proteins to successfully assemble a ribosomal subunit. (nih.gov)
  • Physical interaction of La/SSB with representative proteins from the small or large subunits of ribosomes was found to increase in cells responding to H(2)O(2) treatment. (nih.gov)
  • The RPL35A gene provides instructions for making one of approximately 80 different ribosomal proteins, which are components of cellular structures called ribosomes. (nih.gov)
  • The specific functions of the RPL35A protein and the other ribosomal proteins within these subunits are unclear. (nih.gov)
  • Some ribosomal proteins are involved in the assembly or stability of ribosomes. (nih.gov)
  • Studies suggest that some ribosomal proteins may have other functions, such as participating in chemical signaling pathways within the cell, regulating cell division, and controlling the self-destruction of cells (apoptosis). (nih.gov)
  • Haploinsufficiency of ribosomal proteins and p53 activation in anemia: Diamond-Blackfan anemia and the 5q- syndrome. (nih.gov)
  • Diamond Blackfan anemia: ribosomal proteins going rogue. (nih.gov)
  • Mammalian mitochondrial ribosomal proteins are encoded by nuclear genes and help in protein synthesis within the mitochondrion. (sigmaaldrich.com)
RRNA7
  • At tertiary structure level, the large subunit rRNA is a single gigantic domain while the small subunit contains three structural domains. (wikipedia.org)
  • The 50S subunit contains a 108‐nucleotide insertion in its 5S rRNA, which at subnanometer resolution, is observed to emerge from a four‐way junction without affecting the parental canonical 5S rRNA structure. (wikipedia.org)
  • The most well-described yeast counterpart, Rrp17, is required for maturation of 5.8 and 25S rRNAs, whereas human hNOL12 is crucial for the separation of the large (LSU) and small (SSU) ribosome subunit rRNA precursors. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In eukaryotic cells, the processing of the long, polycistronic ribosomal RNA precursor (pre-rRNA) involves a series of events that begin co-transcriptionally and occur simultaneously with ribosome assembly to ensure timely and accurate formation of the ribosomes [ 1 , 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The primary rRNA transcript (35S in budding yeast, 47S in humans) is synthesized by RNA polymerase I (Pol I) and contains 5.8S, 18S and 25S ribosomal RNAs (rRNAs), as well as external and internal transcribed spacers (5′ETS, 3′ETS, ITS1, ITS2), which are removed during processing in a coordinated manner. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Cryo-EM structures of late intermediates in the assembly of human 40S ribosomal subunits help to define the principles by which immature rRNA conformations and ribosomal biogenesis factors shape the 40S maturation process. (natureasia.com)
  • Overall, the ribosome is about one-third protein and two-thirds ribosomal RNA (rRNA) . (khanacademy.org)
Mitochondrial2
Ribosomes4
  • Consistent with the usual subcellular distribution of ribosomes, transport was unidirectional, as subunits injected into the cytoplasm did not enter the nucleus. (silverchair.com)
  • Ribosomes consist of two major components: the small and large ribosomal subunits. (wikipedia.org)
  • Ribosomes are ribozymes , because the catalytic peptidyl transferase activity that links amino acids together is performed by the ribosomal RNA. (wikipedia.org)
  • Isolation of ribosomal fractions indicated that oxidants caused an association of La/SSB with ribosomes. (nih.gov)
Eukaryotes3
  • The joining of ribosomal subunits in eukaryotes requires eIF5B. (reactome.org)
  • In eukaryotes, ribosomal subunits are formed in the nucleolus of the cell's nucleus . (britannica.com)
  • We focus on assembly of the ribosomal subunits during transcription in bacteria and eukaryotes. (nih.gov)
Genes3
  • The use of information derived from secondary structure predictions combined with a new method to analyze DNA sequence data without multiple sequence alignments is proposed as a solution for analyzing sequence data that possess alternatively conservative and variable regions, such as ribosomal genes. (amnh.org)
  • Importantly, the absence of AtNOL12 alters the expression of many ribosomal protein and ribosome biogenesis genes. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Mutations in other ribosomal genes that disrupt ribosome biogenesis have been implicated in other rare congenital syndromes, Shwachman-Diamond Syndrome, Dyskeratosis Congenita, Cartilage Hair Hypoplasia, and Treacher Collins Syndrome. (nih.gov)
Ribosome is composed2
  • Each ribosome is composed of two subunits, a larger one and a smaller one, each of which has a characteristic shape. (britannica.com)
  • The ribosome is composed of a small and large subunit. (khanacademy.org)
Large subunits1
Eukaryotic cells1
  • 50S, roughly equivalent to the 60S ribosomal subunit in eukaryotic cells, is the larger subunit of the 70S ribosome of prokaryotes. (wikipedia.org)
Bacteria3
  • 50S is the larger subunit of the 70S ribosome of prokaryotes, i.e. bacteria and archaea. (wikipedia.org)
  • Additionally, we show that the manner of RbfA action on the small ribosomal subunit during its maturation is shared between bacteria and mitochondria. (rug.nl)
  • It inhibits protein synthesis and thus bacterial growth by binding to 30S and possibly 50S ribosomal subunits of susceptible bacteria. (medscape.com)
Bacterial3
  • One such assembly factor involved in bacterial 30S subunit maturation is ribosomal binding factor A (RbfA). (rug.nl)
  • Tetracycline inhibits bacterial protein synthesis by binding with 30S and possibly 50S ribosomal subunits. (medscape.com)
  • Doxycycline inhibits bacterial protein synthesis by binding to the 30S ribosomal subunit. (nih.gov)
MRNA molecule2
  • [4] When a ribosome finishes reading an mRNA molecule, the two subunits separate and are usually broken up but can be re-used. (wikipedia.org)
  • During translation, the two subunits come together around a mRNA molecule, forming a complete ribosome. (khanacademy.org)
EIF62
  • SBDS protein (deficient in the inherited leukemia-predisposition disorder Shwachman-Diamond syndrome) and the GTPase EFL1 (an EF-G homolog) activate nascent 60S ribosomal subunits for translation by catalyzing eviction of the antiassociation factor eIF6 from nascent 60S ribosomal subunits. (nih.gov)
  • 17. Discovery and Preliminary Characterization of Translational Modulators that Impair the Binding of eIF6 to 60S Ribosomal Subunits. (nih.gov)
Gene4
  • Gamma proteobacterium SCGC AAA044-D16 16S small subunit ribosomal RNA gene, part. (nih.gov)
  • The protein produced from the RPL35A gene is among those found in the large subunit. (nih.gov)
  • The RPL35A gene mutations that cause Diamond-Blackfan anemia are believed to cause problems with ribosomal function. (nih.gov)
  • This gene encodes a 28S subunit protein. (sigmaaldrich.com)
Nucleotide1
  • In the current study, we demonstrate for the first time that the over-expression of Rabin8, which functions as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rab8 GTPase, suppresses phosphorylation of Ser235/Ser236 in ribosomal protein S6. (actanaturae.ru)
Cytoplasmic2
  • Cytoplasmic transport of ribosomal subunits microinjected into the Xenopus laevis oocyte nucleus: a generalized, facilitated process. (silverchair.com)
  • To study the biochemistry of ribonucleoprotein export from the nucleus, we characterized an in vivo assay in which the cytoplasmic appearance of radiolabeled ribosomal subunits was monitored after their microinjection into Xenopus oocyte nuclei. (silverchair.com)
Biogenesis1
  • Ribosome biogenesis is a complex and highly accurate conservative process of ribosomal subunit maturation followed by association. (rug.nl)
Sedimentation1
Haploinsufficiency1
  • In 5q-syndrome, a subtype of myelodysplastic syndrome, the cause is a somatically acquired deletion of chromosome 5q that leads to haploinsufficiency of the ribosomal protein RPS14 and an erythroid phenotype similar to Diamond Blackfan anemia. (nih.gov)
Single-stranded1
  • Nop9 recognizes structured and single-stranded RNA elements of pre-ribosomal RNA. (nih.gov)
Intermediates1
  • The GEN-PROBE TMA reaction replicates a specific region of the small ribosomal subunit from trichomonas vaginalis via DNA and RNA intermediates and generates RNA amplicon molecules. (cdc.gov)
Yeast3
  • We have solved the structure of the yeast mitoribosomal large subunit using single-particle cryo-electron microscopy. (nih.gov)
  • Overview of the yeast 54S ribosomal subunit. (nih.gov)
  • Finally, we found that ribosomal subunits from yeast and Escherichia coli were efficiently exported from Xenopus oocyte nuclei, suggesting that export of some RNP complexes may be directed by a collective biochemical property rather than by specific macromolecular primary sequences or structures. (silverchair.com)
Cellular1
  • This FOA issued by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute and the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases encourages applications from institutions/organizations that propose collaborative research projects by multi-disciplinary teams to advance our understanding of molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying ribosomal dysfunction. (nih.gov)
Assembly3
  • In this system, two GTPases (Era and YjeQ) facilitated assembly of a 30S subunit exhibiting poly(U)-directed polyphenylalanine synthesis and native protein synthesis under physiological conditions. (elsevierpure.com)
  • The EMG1 protein is involved in the assembly of a part of the ribosome called the small subunit (SSU). (medlineplus.gov)
  • We study how all of these factors work together to ensure successful ribosomal subunit assembly. (nih.gov)
Translation2
  • The 60S subunit joins - a reaction catalyzed by eIF5 or eIF5B - resulting in a translation-competent 80S ribosome. (reactome.org)
  • Untranslated Region (5'UTR) of Nrf2 allows the mRNA to undergo an Internal Ribosomal Entry Site (IRES) mediated protein translation. (nih.gov)
Nuclear1
  • Transport of injected subunits was likely a process associated with the nuclear pore complex, since export was also inhibited by prior or simultaneous injection of wheat germ agglutinin, a lectin known to inhibit active nuclear transport by binding to N-acetyl glucosamine-containing glycoproteins present in the NPC (Hart, G. W., R. S. Haltiwanger, G. D. Holt, and W. G. Kelly. (silverchair.com)
Bound1
  • The amino group of an aminoacyl-tRNA (binds to A site) attacks the carbon of a carbonyl group of a peptidyl-tRNA (binds to P site) and finally yields a peptide extended by one amino acid esterified to the A site tRNA bound to the ribosomal A site and a deacylated tRNA in the P site. (wikipedia.org)
Reaction1
  • Hydrolysis of eIF2-GTP occurs after the Met-tRNAi has recognized the AUG. This reaction is catalyzed by eIF5 (or eIF5B) and is thought to cause dissociation of all other initiation factors and allow joining of the large 60S ribosomal subunit. (reactome.org)
Complex1
  • Function of eukaryotic initiation factor 5 in the formation of an 80 S ribosomal polypeptide chain initiation complex. (reactome.org)
Clinical1
  • OBJECTIVE To assess the prevalence and clinical and serological associations of anti-ribosomal P protein antibodies (anti-P antibodies) in patients with connective tissue diseases (CTDs) and investigate the immunobiological nature of autoantibody clustering in which anti-P antibodies play a part. (bmj.com)
Association1
  • 4. Impaired ribosomal subunit association in Shwachman-Diamond syndrome. (nih.gov)