Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) is a family of proteins involved in a number of cellular processes such as DNA repair, genomic stability, and programmed cell death. (wikipedia.org)
Once PARP detects a SSB, it binds to the DNA, undergoes a structural change, and begins the synthesis of a polymeric adenosine diphosphate ribose (poly (ADP-ribose) or PAR) chain, which acts as a signal for the other DNA-repairing enzymes. (wikipedia.org)
Upon activation, PARP-1 synthesizes a structurally complex polymer composed of ADP-ribose units that facilitates local chromatin relaxation and the recruitment of DNA repair factors. (nature.com)
Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) is an abundant and ubiquitous nuclear protein that uses NAD + to synthesize a multibranched polyanion composed of ADP-ribose moieties, giving rise to poly(ADP-ribose) (PAR), onto itself or a variety of target proteins. (nature.com)
PARP-1 and PARP-2 belongs to a large family of enzymes that, using NAD+ as a substrate, synthesizes and transfers ADP-ribose onto aspartic and glutamic acid residues of acceptor proteins, including PARPs, histones, transcription factors and DNA repair proteins. (imim.es)
A Phase I, Pharmacokinetic and Biological Evaluation of a Small Molecule Inhibitor of Poly ADP-Ribose Polymerase-1 (PARP-1), KU-0059436, in Patients with Advanced Tumours. (astrazenecaclinicaltrials.com)
Poly(adenosine diphosphate [ADP]-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors have recently been found to be remarkably toxic to cells with defects in homologous recombination, particularly cells with BRCA-mutated backgrounds. (ac.ir)
Tankyrase 1 is a poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) which localizes to multiple subcellular sites, including telomeres and mitotic centrosomes. (bris.ac.uk)
In this review , an alternative intrinsic cell death pathway, mediated by poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase -1 (PARP-1) and apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF), is described. (bvsalud.org)
Purpose: This study evaluated the role for poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) in diabetes-induced cataractogenesis and early retinal changes. (johnshopkins.edu)
Discovery and SAR of novel, potent and selective hexahydrobenzonaphthyridinone inhibitors of poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase-1 (PARP-1). (irbm.com)
Focal cerebral ischemia activates the nuclear protein poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP). (utmb.edu)
The PARP inhibitor reduced the accumulation of poly(ADP-ribose) in the ischemic/reperfused hemisphere and reduced the accumulation of APP in the white matter of the affected hemisphere, consistently with protection against neuronal necrosis and axonal damage, respectively. (utmb.edu)
In addition, LPS also activates the DNA-repair and protein modifying enzyme poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1). (essex.ac.uk)
Background: Poly ADP-ribose glycohydrolase (PARG) is responsible for the catabolism of PARP-synthesized PAR to free ADP-ribose. (mssm.edu)
Background Poly-(ADP-Ribose)-Polymerase (PARP) inhibitors have become important stars of anti-neoplasic providers landscape, with latest but slim FDA's approvals for ovarian BRCA mutated malignancies and prostatic tumor. (cancerhugs.com)
Rucaparib is a PARP (poly [adenosine diphosphate-ribose] polymerase) inhibitor. (medscape.com)
Emflex) integrity via DNA damage repair then becomes essential in both germ-line and somatic cells [2 5 6 Poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation is a post-translational modification mediated by poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) enzymes in which negatively charged ADP-ribose units are transferred from donor nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) molecules onto target proteins [7]. (bio2009.org)
We recently published a preliminary assessment of the activity of a poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitor, stenoparib, also known as 2X-121, which inhibits viral replication by affecting pathways of the host. (nau.edu)
PCA treatment induced cell cycle arrest in G 2 /M phase, the activation of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) and caspase-3, the upregulation of Bax and downregulation of Bcl-2 in OVCAR-3 cells. (nih.gov)
Olaparib, a poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitor, is used for maintenance therapy in pancreatic adenocarcinoma. (medscape.com)
Olaparib is a poly (DP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitor. (medscape.com)
As poly adenosine diphosphate (ADP)-ribose polymerase 1 (PARP-1) is overexpressed in various cancer types, and is localized to the nucleus, PARP-1 can be safely targeted with Auger emitters to induce DNA damage in tumors. (osti.gov)
Olaparib is a type of drug called a PARP (poly [adenosine diphosphate-ribose] polymerase) inhibitor. (cancersa.org.au)
Rucaparib is in a class of medications called poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors. (medlineplus.gov)
The poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) is involved in cell recovery from DNA damage, such as methylation of N3-adenine, which activates the base excision repair process. (novusbio.com)
PARP [Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase] is a 116 kDa nuclear chromatin-associated enzyme that is cleaved during apoptosis by caspase-3 into a 24 kDa fragment containing the DNA binding domain and an 89 kDa fragment containing the catalytic and automodification domains. (novusbio.com)
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved BRCA genetic tests as companion diagnostics to guide cancer treatment with poly adenosine diphosphate-ribose polymerase (PARP) inhibitors . (cdc.gov)
Inhibitors1
Results from this work suggest that inhibitors of telomerase and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases can cooperate to limit the lifespan of pancreatic cancer cells. (oncotarget.com)
Glycohydrolase4
After repairing, the PAR chains are degraded via Poly(ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase (PARG). (wikipedia.org)
The dynamic turnover of PAR within seconds to minutes is executed by poly(ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase, the main PAR-degrading enzyme, which possesses both endoglycosidic and exoglycosidic activities, thereby enabling a new round of DNA damage signaling 14 . (nature.com)
ADP-ribose polymers are then subjected to degradation by poly-ADP-ribose-glycohydrolase. (imim.es)
For poly(ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase (PARG) enzymes we find that Arabidopsis PARG1 and not PARG2 is the major contributor to poly(ADP-ribose) removal from acceptor proteins. (bio2009.org)
Inhibitor of Poly1
Combined treatment of the GRN163L-resistant L3.6pl cells with GRN163L and 3-aminobenzamide (3AB), a general inhibitor of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases, led to additional telomere shortening and limited the lifespan of the resistant cells. (oncotarget.com)
PARPs1
The diverse biological roles of mammalian PARPs, a small but powerful family of poly-ADP-ribose polymerases. (edu.pl)
Inhibition2
Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibition protect neurons and the white matter and regulates the translocation of apoptosis-inducing factor in stroke. (utmb.edu)
Moreover, pharmacological inhibition of HDACs I/II activity in rd1 organotypic retinal explants decreased activity of poly-ADP-ribose-polymerase and strongly reduced photoreceptor cell death. (lu.se)
PARP12
We provide evidence for potential influences of E3 ligase and poly adenosine diphosphate (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1) activity on neurodegenerative pathology. (frontiersin.org)
Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1) plays important roles in single strand DNA repair. (oncotarget.com)
Enzymes1
Target enzymes include DNA ligase III (LigIII), DNA polymerase beta (polβ), and scaffolding proteins such as X-ray cross-complementing gene 1 (XRCC1). (wikipedia.org)
Acceptor proteins1
We also show that Arabidopsis PARG1 rather than PARG2 is the major contributor to removal poly(ADP-ribose) from acceptor proteins. (bio2009.org)
Proteins1
EC 2.4.2.30) is an abundant nuclear enzyme, activated by DNA strand breaks to attach up to 200 ADP-ribose groups to nuclear proteins. (johnshopkins.edu)
Ligase1
It binds sites with single-strand breaks through its N-terminal zinc fingers and will recruit XRCC1, DNA ligase III, DNA polymerase beta, and a kinase to the nick. (wikipedia.org)
Substrate1
NAD+ is required as substrate for generating ADP-ribose monomers. (wikipedia.org)
Polymer1
Poly(ADP-ribose) (PAR) polymer is a death signal. (edu.pl)
Synthesis1
It is a pyrimidine antimetabolite that nhibits DNA polymerase and ribonucleotide reductase, which in turn inhibit DNA synthesis. (medscape.com)
Cell death4
Jog NR, Caricchio R. Differential regulation of cell death programs in males and females by Poly (ADP-Ribose) Polymerase-1 and 17? (umassmed.edu)
Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 is a mediator of programmed-necrotic cell death and appears to be also involved in the apoptosis. (edu.pl)
Mediation of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1-dependent cell death by apoptosis-inducing factor. (edu.pl)
Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 mediated caspase-independent cell death after ischemia/reperfusion. (bvsalud.org)
Role1
The role of Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase in the regulation of innate recognition of immunological receptors expressed on human macrophages. (essex.ac.uk)
Major1
This graph shows the total number of publications written about "Poly (ADP-Ribose) Polymerase-1" by people in this website by year, and whether "Poly (ADP-Ribose) Polymerase-1" was a major or minor topic of these publications. (umassmed.edu)
Groups1
This leaves a pyrophosphate as the linking group between ribose sugars rather than single phosphate groups. (wikipedia.org)
Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors have recently been introduced in the therapy of several types of cancers not responding to conventional treatments. (nih.gov)
Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) is a family of proteins involved in a number of cellular processes such as DNA repair, genomic stability, and programmed cell death. (wikipedia.org)
Once PARP detects a SSB, it binds to the DNA, undergoes a structural change, and begins the synthesis of a polymeric adenosine diphosphate ribose (poly (ADP-ribose) or PAR) chain, which acts as a signal for the other DNA-repairing enzymes. (wikipedia.org)
After repairing, the PAR chains are degraded via Poly(ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase (PARG). (wikipedia.org)
Loss of amplified genes by poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors. (nih.gov)
Niraparib is an oral poly(ADP ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitor that is currently approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration (US FDA) as well as recently approved by the European Medicines Agency (EMA) for the maintenance treatment of women with recurrent ovarian cancer who are in complete or partial response to platinum-based chemotherapy. (nih.gov)
Mechanistic rationale for inhibition of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase in ETS gene fusion-positive prostate cancer. (nih.gov)
We investigate the mechanisms by which ETS fusions mediate their effects, and find that the product of the predominant ETS gene fusion, TMPRSS2:ERG, interacts in a DNA-independent manner with the enzyme poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1) and the catalytic subunit of DNA protein kinase (DNA-PKcs). (nih.gov)
In this study, research was conducted on the H9c2 (2-1) cardiomyocyte cell line derived from the embryonic myocardium of rattus norvegicus to assess its competency for evaluation of the change in poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) activity. (usf.edu)
Recombinant human poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase I (PARP1) was expressed in Sf9 cells and purified by an affinity column in combination of other chromatograph methods. (ascentgene.com)
Analysis of knockout mutants reveals non-redundant functions of poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase isoforms in Arabidopsis. (mpg.de)
The nuclear enzyme poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP)-1 has an important role in regulating cell death and cellular responses to DNA repair. (utmb.edu)
Structural Basis for Potency and Promiscuity in Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerase (PARP) and Tankyrase Inhibitors. (scilifelab.se)
Selective inhibitors could help unveil the mechanisms by which inhibition of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARPs) elicits clinical benefits in cancer therapy. (scilifelab.se)
Poly(adeno sine diphosphate [ADP]-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors (PARPi) have emerged as a promising class of chemotherapeutic agents in cancers associated with defects in DNA repair. (ncl.ac.uk)
Objective:Activation of the constitutive nuclear and mitochondrial enzyme poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of cell dysfunction, inflammation, and organ failure in various forms of critical illness. (utmb.edu)
Poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase-1 modulates microglial responses to amyloid β. (cornell.edu)
The nuclear enzyme poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) regulates microglial activation in response to several stimuli through its interactions with the transcription factor, NF-κB. (cornell.edu)
Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 mediated caspase-independent cell death after ischemia/reperfusion. (bvsalud.org)
In this review , an alternative intrinsic cell death pathway, mediated by poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase -1 (PARP-1) and apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF), is described. (bvsalud.org)
Our lab previously reported an unexpected sensitivity of HER2 þ breast cancer cells to poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors (PARPi), agents that target homologous recombination (HR)-deficient tumors, independent of a DNA repair deficiency. (uky.edu)
High levels of NO disrupt energy metabolism, induce DNA damage, activate poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP), and/or dysregulate cytosolic calcium leading to cell necrosis and apoptosis [ 12 , 13 ]. (hindawi.com)
As single agents, chemical inhibitors of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) are nontoxic and have clinical efficacy against BRCA1- and BRCA2-deficient tumors. (figshare.com)
Efficient retroviral infection of mammalian cells is blocked by inhibition of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase activity. (ox.ac.uk)
The nuclear enzyme poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP), which is dependent on DNA strand breaks for its activity, is involved in the efficient repair of DNA strand breaks, and maintenance of genomic integrity, in nucleated eukaryotic cells. (ox.ac.uk)
Launch Veliparib (or ABT-888) can be an orally bioavailable little molecule inhibitor of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) and PARP-2. (bio-biz-navi.com)
The specific killing of cells impaired in BRCA2 function upon treatment with poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors has recently been reported by two groups. (johnshopkins.edu)
Gallmeier, E & Kern, SE 2005, ' Absence of specific cell killing of the BRCA2-deficient human cancer cell line CAPAN1 by poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibition ', Cancer Biology and Therapy , vol. 4, no. 7, pp. 703-706. (johnshopkins.edu)
When DNA is damaged by stress, cells activate Poly ADP Ribose Polymerase 1 (PARP1) as part of the repair process. (buffalo.edu)
Gibson, B. A. & Kraus, W. L. New insights into the molecular and cellular functions of poly(ADP-ribose) and PARPs. (nature.com)
Olaparib is a small molecule inhibitor of poly ADP-ribose polymerase and is used as an antineoplastic agent in the therapy of refractory and advanced ovarian carcinoma. (nih.gov)
Olaparib (oh lap' a rib) is a small molecule inhibitor of poly adenine diphosphate (ADP)-ribose polymerase (PARP), an enzyme involved in DNA transcription and repair. (nih.gov)
Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) superfamily members covalently link either a single ADP-ribose (ADPR) or a chain of ADPR units to proteins using NAD as the source of ADPR. (nih.gov)
This is the first regulatory submission for a poly ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP) inhibitor in breast cancer in Europe. (businesswire.com)
AKEEGA is a combination of niraparib, a poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitor, and abiraterone acetate, a CYP17 inhibitor indicated with prednisone for the treatment of adult patients with deleterious or suspected deleterious BRCA -mutated ( BRCA m) metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). (nih.gov)
Luminol was reported to inhibit poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase, with greater efficiency than 3-aminobenzamide. (nih.gov)
Niraparib is in a class of medications called poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors. (medlineplus.gov)
NEW YORK, November 13, 2023 - Pfizer Inc. (NYSE: PFE) announced today that the Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use (CHMP) of the European Medicines Agency (EMA) issued a positive opinion for TALZENNA® (talazoparib), an oral poly ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP) inhibitor, in combination with XTANDI® (enzalutamide), for the treatment of adult patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) in whom chemotherapy is not clinically indicated. (pfizer.com)
The polyamine analogue, N1-ethyl-N11-[(cycloheptyl)methyl]-4,8-diazaundecane (CHENSpm)-induced programmed cell death in NCI H157 cells is accompanied by cytochrome c release, the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, activation of caspase-3, caspase-mediated poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase cleavage, G2-M arrest, and DNA and nuclear fragmentation. (nih.gov)
Overexpression of Bcl-2 completely inhibits CHENSpm-induced cytochrome c release, caspase-3 activation, and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase cleavage. (nih.gov)
3. Histone deacetylase inhibitor, suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA), enhances anti-tumor effects of the poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitor olaparib in triple-negative breast cancer cells. (nih.gov)
4. [Effect and Mechanism of Radiosensitization of Poly (ADP-Ribose) Polymerase Inhibitor n Lewis Cells and Xenografts]. (nih.gov)
6. Co-targeting poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) and histone deacetylase (HDAC) in triple-negative breast cancer: Higher synergism in BRCA mutated cells. (nih.gov)
19. Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors sensitize cancer cells to hypofractionated radiotherapy through altered selection of DNA double-strand break repair pathways. (nih.gov)
Poly(ADP-Ribose) Polymerase 1 Promotes Inflammation and Fibrosis in a Mouse Model of Chronic Pancreatitis. (dife.de)
Repair1
We also show that thymine-linked ADP-ribose DNA adducts reversed by DarG antitoxin (functioning as a noncanonical DNA repair factor) are used not only for targeted DNA damage to induce toxicity, but also as a signalling strategy for cellular processes. (nature.com)
Single2
This leaves a pyrophosphate as the linking group between ribose sugars rather than single phosphate groups. (wikipedia.org)
It binds sites with single-strand breaks through its N-terminal zinc fingers and will recruit XRCC1, DNA ligase III, DNA polymerase beta, and a kinase to the nick. (wikipedia.org)