Reveal a brain. Medical search. Frequent questions

First, the team selected for larger and smaller brains from the natural variation in guppies. (scientificamerican.com)
Those with duplications are born with smaller brains and tend to have lower body weight and developmental delays. (rsna.org)
Birds are generally small and, without exception, have smaller brains than mammals. (lu.se)

CHICAGO , Nov. 21, 2023 /PRNewswire/ -- Soccer fans exhibit different patterns of brain activation while watching a match that may trigger positive and negative emotions and behaviors, according to research being presented next week at the annual meeting of the Radiological Society of North America ( RSNA ). (whnt.com)

Now, researchers reporting in Current Biology on May 25 have mapped the changes in the network organization of the brain that underlie those improvements in executive function. (eurekalert.org)
They could also lead to the identification of biomarkers of abnormal brain development that could predict a person's risk for psychosis and major mood disorders, the researchers say. (eurekalert.org)
The researchers suggest that a globally integrated network architecture may be critical for supporting specialized processing and reducing interference between brain systems. (eurekalert.org)
The researchers say they are now combining structural and functional imaging techniques to examine how structural brain networks constrain and shape functional brain networks and activation patterns. (eurekalert.org)
Now researchers in California have used brain scans to gauge how much of an impression the ads from 2006's sporting spectacle might have had on the brain. (newscientist.com)
The researchers found that the ads produced variable effects in the reward-related areas of the brain, such as the ventral striatum and the orbitofrontal cortex. (newscientist.com)
In an initial analysis of two of the five volunteers, the researchers found that this sketch caused mirror neurons in the female brain to fire, indicating empathy. (newscientist.com)
In what could be the grooviest medical study ever, volunteers agreed to take Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) while researchers mapped changes in their brain activity 'under the influence' , revealing some trippy results. (rt.com)
The research is expected to help researchers develop better animal models of human brain diseases like Alzheimer's and ALS. (npr.org)
They and a team of researchers at the Institute used functional magnetic resonance imaging and behavioural measures to assess the impact on brain function in healthy male volunteers. (kcl.ac.uk)
In the first paper published in Biological Psychiatry in December 2008, 'Neural Basis of Δ-9-Tetrahydrocannabinol and Cannabidiol: Effects During Response Inhibition' the researchers considered the effects of THC and CBD on brain function during a Go/No Go task which requires subjects to over-ride a regular button pressing response. (kcl.ac.uk)
The first atlas of the surface of the human brain based upon genetic information has been produced by a national team of scientists, led by researchers at the University of California, San Diego School of Medicine and the VA San Diego Healthcare System. (medicalnewstoday.com)
For the first time, researchers used functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging to investigate how the brain processes images of cigarettes after exercise. (sciencedaily.com)
The researchers do not know exactly what caused the difference in brain activity following exercise. (sciencedaily.com)
Using a targeted sequencing method called retrotransposon capture sequencing , or RC-seq, the researchers look for L1, Alu, and SVA family retrotransposon insertion sites in two areas of the human brain. (genomeweb.com)
I]t is not known where somatic L1 insertions occur in the genome," the researchers wrote, "nor, considering that open chromatin is susceptible to Li integration, whether these events disproportionately affect protein-coding loci expressed in the brain. (genomeweb.com)
To look at this in more detail, the researchers isolated genomic DNA from five parts of the brain each in samples from three individuals who donated their brains post-mortem to the Netherlands Brain Bank. (genomeweb.com)
Moreover, many of these potential insertions sites corresponded to parts of the genome containing protein-coding genes, particularly genes that tend to be active and/or differentially expressed in the brain, researchers reported, a pattern not detected for the germline insertions. (genomeweb.com)
Strikingly, the researchers believe that the fNIRS technology could assist players to perform better under pressure by letting them know how their brains are behaving. (frontiersin.org)
Now, 36 months after Ramsey began the trial that partially reconnected his isolated mind to the rest of the world, the researchers who implanted the device in Ramsey's brain have revealed how they produced this nearly miraculous outcome. (popsci.com)
Writing in The Public Library of Science , the researchers detail how their device hones in on areas of the brain related to speech, as opposed to thought or spacial reasoning. (popsci.com)
The researchers at The Picower Institute for Learning and Memory compared measurements of brain cell activity in an animal performing a working memory task with the output of various computer models representing two theories on the underlying mechanism for holding information in mind. (scienceblog.com)
The researchers found that only computer models that allowed for synapses to change connections transiently, known as "short-term synaptic plasticity," produced neural activity patterns that matched what was observed in real brains during the working memory task. (scienceblog.com)
the researchers then analyzed any whole-brain or region-of-interest (specifically, the brain's right angular gyrus and parietal operculum) differences between the pilots and the nonpilot controls. (auntminnie.com)
They found differences in brain connectivity between experienced and less experienced pilots, an effect of more flight hours, the researchers hypothesized. (auntminnie.com)
Researchers from Uppsala University in Sweden were able to use their numerical abilities to test whether brain size affects intelligence in these simple fish. (scientificamerican.com)
To further understand the brain pathology of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) , researchers performed RNA-sequencing analysis on 112 post-mortem samples. (additudemag.com)
Researchers have now found that the time spent in front of digital devices can affect the shape of children's brains. (medicaldaily.com)
In the first major study of its kind, researchers using MRI have identified structural abnormalities in the brains of people with one of the most common genetic causes of autism, according to a new study in Radiology . (rsna.org)
The project began more than six years ago when two young researchers at a scientific conference began talking about a simple question: How does a person's brain change during their lifespan? (wvxu.org)
Few brain training programs have been subjected to such rigorous research evaluation to reveal such a transfer of benefits, the researchers say. (ucsf.edu)
The researchers recorded participants' brain activity before and after the visual perception training, and found a direct link between improved performance and changes in brain activity. (ucsf.edu)
Gazzaley's team collaborated with researchers at Posit Science Corp., a producer and promoter of brain fitness programs. (ucsf.edu)
The researchers swiftly adjusted the BSI within a few minutes by asking the participant to envisage walking while recording his brain signals and applying different simulation patterns to his spinal cord. (co.ke)
Researchers led by the University of Edinburgh studied images from an existing bank of chimpanzee brain scans held in the US. (phys.org)
Researchers found that in utero opioid exposure resulted in seven out of 14 2D biometric measurements of the fetal brain being smaller on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans in comparison to fetuses without opioid exposure. (diagnosticimaging.com)
1,2 With the data coming from single MRI scans obtained during the third trimester, the researchers said they could not assess the potential impact of opioid exposure on longitudinal brain development or during earlier time periods of pregnancy. (diagnosticimaging.com)
For the first time, researchers have been able to make this in vivo comparison with healthy participants, helping them better understand how each subregion of the hippocampus - the brain region tied to memory and learning - functionally connects to other parts of the brain in patients with DS. (diagnosticimaging.com)
The structure of a fundamental electrical switch in the brain has been revealed, thanks to PNNL researchers working together with counterparts at Oregon Health & Science University (OHSU). (pnnl.gov)
Researchers at the Stanford University School of Medicine and Lucile Packard Children's Hospital have used a novel method for analyzing brain-scan data to distinguish children with autism from typically developing children. (stanford.edu)
While autism diagnoses are now based entirely on clinical observations and a battery of psychiatric and educational tests, researchers have been making advances toward identifying anatomical features in the brain that would help to determine whether a person is autistic. (stanford.edu)
A biological mechanism has been identified by researchers at Linköping University in Sweden that increases the strength with which fear memories are stored in the brain The research, conducted in rats, was published in the scientific journal Molecular Psychiatry . (scitechdaily.com)
Researchers believe that some people are predisposed to developing pathological fears, which are caused by problems with how the brain processes fearful memories. (scitechdaily.com)
Researchers at Linköping University, including Riccardo Barchiesi and Estelle Barbier, have discovered a biological mechanism that increases the strength with which fear memories are stored in the brain. (scitechdaily.com)
Reporting in Nature on July 1, researchers describe for the first time how relationships between different odors are encoded in the olfactory cortex, the region of brain responsible for processing smell. (harvard.edu)
Researchers looked for activity differences within the default-mode network: a network of brain regions that are active when the brain is not focused on visual stimuli from the outside world. (amenclinics.com)
The importance of physical activity in brain protection is emphasised by the researchers. (webindia123.com)
The researchers discovered that even without receiving a foot shock, the rats that had a brain injury showed a fear response to the noise. (ucla.edu)
The researchers discovered that five times as many neurons in the amygdala were active during the white noise in the rats with the brain injury than in the control group, Hoffman said. (ucla.edu)
Another new discovery the researchers report is that after the traumatic brain injury, the brain processes sounds from a more primitive part of the brain - the thalamus - than from a more sophisticated, highly evolved area of the brain - the auditory cortex. (ucla.edu)
NFL levels in blood appear more tightly linked to acute traumatic brain injury , whereas tau may be a better measure of cumulative damage over time, the researchers report. (medscape.com)

A look at the brain's wiring can often reveal whether a person has trouble staying focused, and even whether he or she has attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, known as ADHD. (chadd.org)
While the participants viewed the match compilation, their brain activity was measured using fMRI, a noninvasive imaging technique that detects changes in the brain's blood flow. (whnt.com)

Scientists at the Allen Institute for Brain Science uncovered differences among human brain cells (left) those of the marmoset monkey (middle) and mouse in a brain region that controls movement, the primary motor cortex. (npr.org)
Other atlases have mapped the brain by cytoarchitecture - differences in tissues or function. (medicalnewstoday.com)
differences in brain connectivity compared with nonpilots. (auntminnie.com)
The differences included less connectivity in areas of the brain that process sensorimotor information, "which may indicate the brain adapting to cope with the extreme conditions experienced during flight. (auntminnie.com)
The results showed some striking differences in the brain structures of deletion and duplication carriers compared with non-carriers. (rsna.org)
This study, published in Brain Communications , marks the first demonstration of how high-field MRI can pick up subtle differences in individuals with DS, offering gains in sensitivity and image resolution, said Costa's colleague and first author Katherine Koenig, Ph.D., assistant professor of radiology at the Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University. (diagnosticimaging.com)
The new findings give a uniquely comprehensive view of brain organization in children with autism and uncover a relationship between the severity of brain-structure differences and the severity of autism symptoms,' said Vinod Menon , PhD, a professor of psychiatry and behavioral sciences and of neurology and neurological sciences, who led the research. (stanford.edu)
This study took a different approach and discovered several autism-associated differences in the Default Mode Network, a set of brain structures important for social communication and self-related thoughts. (stanford.edu)
These findings align well with recent theoretical and functional MRI studies of the autistic brain, which also point to differences in the Default Mode Network, Menon said. (stanford.edu)
Once Menon and his team had found where the differences in autistic brains were located, they were able to use their analysis to classify whether individual children in the study had autism. (stanford.edu)
An exciting study from MIT , published in the journal, Brain , looked at brain activity differences using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in adults who had recovered from typical childhood ADD/ADHD and those who had not. (amenclinics.com)

Scientists also reported "a more unified brain" with areas that control vision, movement, hearing, and attention working in a more connected way. (rt.com)
Scientists have created detailed maps of the brain area that controls movement in mice, monkeys and people. (npr.org)
An international consortium involving hundreds of scientists has unveiled highly detailed maps of the brain area that controls movement. (npr.org)
A complete map will help scientists understand how cells in different brain areas "work together to carry out a particular function or behavior, like moving your arm," Zeng says. (npr.org)
By quickly transporting brain tissue from the operating room to the lab, scientists were able to compare living human brain cells with the living cells found in monkeys and mice. (npr.org)
The genetic atlas provides scientists with a new tool for studying and explaining how the brain works, particularly the involvement of genes. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Kremen said the genetic brain atlas may be especially useful for scientists who employ genome-wide association studies, a relatively new tool that looks for common genetic variants in people that may be associated with a particular trait, condition or disease. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Scientists continue to find evidence that what we eat has a significant impact on the health of our brains. (iol.co.za)
In an attempt to allow Ramsey to communicate with the outside world, scientists implanted a device in his brain linking it directly to a speech synthesizer. (popsci.com)
The size of animal brains is extravagantly well-studied, as scientists have long sought to understand why our ancestors developed such complex and energetically costly neural circuitry. (scientificamerican.com)
Back in the early 1990s, scientists were looking to explain how brain size evolves. (scientificamerican.com)
Scientists have analyzed a huge number of brain scans to learn more about how the brain develops, from infancy all the way until the end of life. (wvxu.org)
But for now, the results are meant for scientists who study typical brain growth or brain disorders like schizophrenia and Alzheimer's disease. (wvxu.org)
If improvements in a simple perception skill can transfer to a higher level function such as memory, as this research found, then other interventions might further improve brain function in aging people, the scientists say. (ucsf.edu)
They could help scientists understand how our brains evolved and why asymmetry is vital to human development. (phys.org)
So they reviewed data on 113 children and adolescents whose brains had been scanned by scientists in China as part of an unrelated study. (keranews.org)
The new findings expand scientists' basic knowledge of the core brain deficits in autism, he added. (stanford.edu)
Such efforts have generated news headlines but scant success, due in part to a limited understanding of how the brain translates odor chemistry into perceptions of smell - a phenomenon that in many ways remains opaque to scientists. (harvard.edu)

The project is part of the BRAIN initiative's Cell Census Network, which launched a $250 million effort to create a "parts list" for human and animal brains in 2017. (npr.org)
The first step was to conduct an exhaustive inventory of the types of cells in human and animal brains, says Hongkui Zeng , director of the Allen Institute for Brain Science. (npr.org)

The study reveals that the maturing brain becomes increasingly segregated into distinct network modules for greater efficiency. (eurekalert.org)
They capitalized upon a large sample of 882 youths between the ages of 8 and 22 who completed diffusion imaging as part of the Philadelphia Neurodevelopmental Cohort, a community-based study of brain development that includes rich neuroimaging and cognitive data. (eurekalert.org)
The study also explains the experience of "seeing with their eyes shut" after the imagination area of the brain lit up in addition to the visual cortex. (rt.com)
The gold standard is to study functional magnetic resonance images of the brain as an individual receives various stimuli, such as instructions to think about playing tennis. (technologyreview.com)
To find out its practical value, Muñoz and co study the brain signals produced by 13 fruit flies both when they are awake and when they are anesthetized. (technologyreview.com)
One involves finding a way to study human brain tissue that is still alive. (npr.org)
The study shows how exercise changes the way the brain processes information among smokers, thereby reducing their cravings for nicotine. (sciencedaily.com)
Results of the current study "indicate that somatic L1 and Alu mobilization fundamentally alters the genetic landscape of the human brain," the authors added, "and that retrotransposition is the primary mechanism underlying this phenomenon. (genomeweb.com)
To gain some insight into the brain mechanisms behind the behaviors of the fans, Dr. Zamorano and colleagues recruited 43 healthy male volunteers who support Chilean football teams for a functional MRI (fMRI) study. (whnt.com)
A new study is the first to examine the brain activity behind successful and missed penalty kicks under real-world conditions. (frontiersin.org)
Understanding the brain activity behind choking is the driving force behind a new study in Frontiers in Computer Science . (frontiersin.org)
The study is the first to measure brain activity during penalty shots in a soccer pitch environment. (frontiersin.org)
By providing empirical evidence for the physiological costs of brains, this study provides the 﫿rst direct support for the expensive-tissue hypothesis, and can provide us with insights into how our own big brains evolved. (scientificamerican.com)
Obesity risk factors of family background are associated with changes in the brain function, finds a study conducted at the Finnish Turku PET Centre. (utu.fi)
Kantonen's study investigated changes in the brain in pre-obesity by studying the insulin, opioid, and cannabinoid function through PET imaging. (utu.fi)
The most differential changes occur in the primary visual cortex, according to a recent study published in Nature that analyzed 11 cortical areas of the brain. (additudemag.com)
Moderate exercise for 20 minutes after a sleepless night can improve brain power, a new study has found. (medicaldaily.com)
Over 20% of patients taking Nirmatrelvir-ritonavir therapy, commonly known as Paxlovid, suffer from the rebound, compared to less than the 2% chance seen in other treatment groups, a Harvard Medical School study revealed. (medicaldaily.com)
People with deletions tend to have brain overgrowth, developmental delays and a higher risk of obesity," said study author Julia P. Owen, PhD, a brain researcher at the University of Washington in Seattle, who was at the University of California in San Francisco (UCSF) during the study. (rsna.org)
Access the study, "Brain MR Imaging Findings and Associated Outcomes in Carriers of the Reciprocal Copy Number Variation at 16p11.2. (rsna.org)
A formal meta-analysis is not currently possible because of the varied outcome measures and study designs, but all 8 studies point in the same direction: Acetaminophen is neurotoxic to the developing brain. (greenmedinfo.com)
The ongoing study could eventually lead to brain growth charts that would allow doctors to look for signs of atypical development in young patients. (wvxu.org)
However, a new study published in Nature reveals that an innovative device called a brain-spine interface (BSI) can reinstate natural walking in a person with chronic tetraplegia, the result of severe spinal cord injury. (co.ke)
The study explores the phenomenon of brain torque, in which the human brain shows slight twisting. (phys.org)
A new study of particular brain areas related to language using the same image bank could aid understanding of this. (phys.org)
In-utero opioid exposure may lead to smaller fetal brain size and increased risk for breech presentations, according to a new prospective, multicenter, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) study. (diagnosticimaging.com)
After performing 14 two-dimensional biometric fetal brain measurements, the study authors found that seven of the measurements were smaller in fetuses with opioid exposure in comparison to those without opioid exposure. (diagnosticimaging.com)
Noting that 71 percent of the opioid-exposed fetuses were also exposed to nicotine, the study authors conceded the possible effect of this exposure on the study findings as previous research has demonstrated a link between prenatal nicotine exposure and smaller brain size. (diagnosticimaging.com)
MRI findings in third-trimester opioid-exposed fetuses with focus on brain measurements: a prospective multicenter case-control study. (diagnosticimaging.com)
A new study indicates that children who develop brain injury due to non-fatal drowning often experience severe motor deficits but maintain relatively intact perceptual and cognitive capabilities. (brainline.org)
The study adds to our understanding of the processes behind anxiety-related disorders and reveals commonalities between anxiety and alcohol dependence. (scitechdaily.com)
The connections between these brain structures are altered in people with PTSD and other anxiety disorders," says Estelle Barbier, assistant professor in the Center for Social and Affective Neuroscience (CSAN), and the Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences (BKV) at Linköping University, who led the study. (scitechdaily.com)
Microglia are a minority among brain cells, but a new study in mice is adding to the evidence that these "trash collector" cells may have a mightier role in brain health and disease, and could provide clues to new treatment targets for neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's. (nih.gov)
You and I both think lemon and lime smell similar and agree that they smell different from pizza, but until now, we didn't know how the brain organizes that kind of information," said senior study author Sandeep Robert Datta , associate professor of neurobiology in the Blavatnik Institute at HMS. (harvard.edu)
The results open new avenues of study to better understand how the brain transforms information about odor chemistry into the perception of smell. (harvard.edu)
Datta, along with study first author Stan Pashkovski , research fellow in neurobiology at HMS, and colleagues approached this challenge by focusing on the question of how the brain identifies related but distinct odors. (harvard.edu)
The study participants were scanned in a resting, or unfocused state to reveal the basic functional architecture of the brain. (amenclinics.com)
Physically active individuals exhibited reduced bleeding in both the deep regions of the brain, which are often associated with high blood pressure, and the surface regions, which are linked to age-related conditions like dementia.The study creates scope for further research on intracerebral hemorrhages and physical activity. (webindia123.com)
Charles Bernick, MD, from the Cleveland Clinic Lou Ruvo Center for Brain Health in Las Vegas, Nevada, presented the study in a poster session July 14 at the American Academy of Neurology (AAN) 2017 Sports Concussion Conference in Jacksonville, Florida. (medscape.com)
This study is part of the larger ongoing Professional Fighters Brain Health study designed to detect "not just individual concussions but permanent brain injury overall at its earliest stages and to determine which fighters are at greatest risk of long-term complications," Dr Bernick explains in a conference statement. (medscape.com)
Our study looked at data over a 5-year period and found elevated levels of two brain injury markers in the blood. (medscape.com)
mean age, 45.3 years) and 103 controls (mean age, 29.58 years) who participate in the Professional Fighters Brain Health Study. (medscape.com)

She announced in 2017 that she was in remission, but in 2020 she was diagnosed with stage 4 breast cancer, which has now spread to her brain. (healthline.com)
Xiang Li et al, Human torque is not present in chimpanzee brain, NeuroImage (2017). (phys.org)
Cite this: Blood Biomarkers Reveal Repetitive Head Injury in MMA Fighters - Medscape - Jul 18, 2017. (medscape.com)

They also found that some commercials caused more activity in the brain regions known to contain "mirror neurons", indicating empathy. (newscientist.com)
Previous studies have revealed that mirror neurons fire in an animal's brain when it completes a task or sees a counterpart from the same species complete that same task. (newscientist.com)
Neurons, which make up about 50% of brain cells, have long been viewed as the drivers of brain processes, such as thoughts and behavior. (nih.gov)
If you look at marine mammals such as dolphins and whales, they have large brains, but they have fewer neurons than humans. (lu.se)
The article describes how it has been possible to count the number of neurons in the brain, revealing that the brains of certain birds have a very high neuron density, even higher than humans. (lu.se)

The brains of autistic individuals experience widespread molecular changes across the cerebral cortex. (additudemag.com)
These results suggest cortical regions are more molecularly homogeneous in autistic individuals and pronounced in the posterior region of the brain. (additudemag.com)
Our approach allows us to examine the structure of the autistic brain in a more meaningful manner. (stanford.edu)

Actress Shannen Doherty has revealed she has brain cancer. (healthline.com)
Beverly Hills, 90210" and "Charmed" actress Shannen Doherty revealed on June 7 in an emotional Instagram post that her breast cancer has spread to her brain. (healthline.com)

Professor Philip McGuire concludes, 'These studies show that THC and CBD have distinct effects on brain function in humans, and these may underlie their correspondingly different effects on cognition and psychiatric symptoms. (kcl.ac.uk)
There's a lot to be said for smarts-at least we humans, with some of the biggest brains in relation to our bodies in the animal kingdom, certainly seem to think so. (scientificamerican.com)
When it comes to humans, for example, though our brains are only 2% of our bodies, they take up a whopping 20% of our energy requirements. (scientificamerican.com)
d) Acetaminophen substantially alters brain chemistry and temporarily impairs awareness of social issues in adult humans. (greenmedinfo.com)
Findings are based on brain scans of humans and previously collected data from chimpanzees. (phys.org)
Comparisons were made with the brains of humans who were scanned using similar equipment - known as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) - and identical experimental procedures. (phys.org)
Imaging studies in humans point to a number of possible mechanisms underlying the acute effects of psychedelics, including changes in neuronal firing rates and excitability as well as alterations in functional connectivity between various brain nodes. (lu.se)
Among the mammals, it is humans who have the most advanced brains. (lu.se)

After screening the five sub-regions of the brain for L1-related copy number changes, they focused in on the hippocampus and caudate nucleus, regions that seemed to have the highest and lowest L1 copy number variation in the initial screening experiment. (genomeweb.com)
The team captured whole-brain T1-weighted images to create a whole-brain functional connectivity map for the left and right hippocampus, revealing the strength of these regions to the whole brain. (diagnosticimaging.com)
Here, we conducted proteomic, phosphoproteomic, and acetylomic analyses of human postmortem tissue samples from AD (Braak stage III-IV, n=11) and control brains (n=12), covering all anatomical areas affected during the limbic stage of the disease (total hippocampus, CA1, entorhinal and perirhinal cortices). (lu.se)
Hoarding birds have a highly developed part of the brain that is very well adapted for this -- the hippocampus. (lu.se)

The findings suggest that modular brain architecture is critical for the development of complex cognition and behavior. (eurekalert.org)
These new findings further develop scientific understanding in this area by indicating how the two main psychoactive constituents of cannabis act on the brain to alter cognitive function and induce psychiatric symptoms. (kcl.ac.uk)
Because low CSF Aβ correlates with the presence of brain amyloid deposits, this data agrees with previous imaging findings, and supports the idea that Aβ disrupts neurotransmission. (alzforum.org)
NEW YORK (GenomeWeb News) - An international team has found evidence that retrotransposons from three different families are active in somatic brain cells, the group described its findings online yesterday in Nature . (genomeweb.com)
NEW ORLEANS - New findings presented today report the important role sleep plays, and the brain mechanisms at work as sleep shapes memory, learning, and behavior. (sfn.org)
The findings were presented at Neuroscience 2012, the annual meeting of the Society for Neuroscience and the world's largest source of emerging news about brain science and health. (sfn.org)
Neil Roberts, Professor of Medical Physics and Imaging Science at the University of Edinburgh, said: "Our findings highlight a special, subtle feature of the human brain that distinguishes us from our closest primate cousins and may have evolved rapidly. (phys.org)
The findings were made using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging to assess brain integrity in 11 children with quadriplegia due to drowning-induced brain injury. (brainline.org)

A commercial brain fitness program has been shown to improve memory in older adults, at least in the period soon after training. (ucsf.edu)
This confirms our understanding that the brains of older adults, like those of young people, are 'plastic' - the brain can change in response to focused training," said Adam Gazzaley, MD, PhD, director of the Neuroscience Imaging Center at UCSF and senior author of the research paper. (ucsf.edu)

This imaging measure, called resting-state functional connectivity MRI, reveals synchronized activity within brain networks. (alzforum.org)

We are excited by the development of this new atlas, which we hope will help us understand aging-related changes in brain structure and cognitive function now occurring in the VETSA participants,' said Jonathan W. King, PhD, of the National Institute on Aging, part of the NIH. (medicalnewstoday.com)
The participants completed a battery of cognitive and behavioral tests, and neuroradiologists reviewed the brain images for development-related abnormalities. (rsna.org)
During the test, the team measured the strength of thousands of connections throughout the participants' brains. (keranews.org)

Chimpanzee brains were shown to be made up of equal halves, or hemispheres, whereas in human brains a subtle twist was present. (phys.org)
The closest relative, the chimpanzee, has a brain roughly half the size of a human brain", states Anders Brodin. (lu.se)

The assumption has always been that the brain and its capacity are linked to the size of the body - large organism, larger brain and better cognition. (lu.se)
Chemo brain describes problems with thinking (cognition, memory, attention) that may occur as a result of receiving chemotherapy to treat cancer. (cdc.gov)

The atlas reveals that the cerebral cortex - the sheet of neural tissue enveloping the brain - is roughly divided into genetic divisions that differ from other brain maps based on physiology or function. (medicalnewstoday.com)
The idea that brain cells maintain memories by constantly being "on" may be simpler, but it doesn't accurately represent the sophisticated flexibility of thought that can arise from intermittent neural activity supported by short-term synaptic plasticity. (scienceblog.com)
This suggests that "plastic" neural network models, which are more brain-like and have additional functional benefits in terms of robustness, may be the key to understanding how working memory works in nature. (scienceblog.com)
These factors are a potent cocktail, and previous research has suggested that the brain may undergo structural and functional changes after space flight and astronaut training, in a process called neural plasticity," the investigators explained. (auntminnie.com)
Disturbance in the neural networks controlling satiation and appetite can therefore be observed already before a person develops obesity, and these brain changes are connected to family-related risk factors of obesity. (utu.fi)
The people who improved the most in the visual training showed the biggest drop in neural activity - as if the brain didn't have to work as hard to take in information. (ucsf.edu)
By delivering odors with carefully selected molecular structures and analyzing neural activity in awake mice, the team showed that neuronal representations of smell in the cortex reflect chemical similarities between odors, thus enabling scents to be placed into categories by the brain. (harvard.edu)
Unlike light or sound, stimuli easily controlled by tweaking characteristics such as frequency and wavelength, it is difficult to probe how the brain builds neural representations of the small molecules that transmit odor. (harvard.edu)
The fact that we all think a lemon and lime smell similar means that their chemical makeup must somehow evoke similar or related neural representations in our brains," Datta said. (harvard.edu)

This changes the patterns of activity in the brain in a measurable way. (technologyreview.com)
Brain imaging experiments found patterns associated with attention span. (keranews.org)

image: This image is a rendering of diffusion tractography, which was used to reconstruct the anatomical pathways in each participant's brain. (eurekalert.org)

In some cases, it will spread to the brain or other organs. (healthline.com)

While the males seemed to gain no benefits from possessing larger noggins, the females with bigger brains were significantly better at the task. (scientificamerican.com)
Gut size was 20% smaller in large-brained males and 8% smaller in large-brained females. (scientificamerican.com)
Furthermore, we identify local cell type distributions with more cells in the female brain in 10 out of 11 sexually dimorphic subcortical areas, in contrast to the overall larger brains in males . (bvsalud.org)

Loss of less than half a night's sleep can impair memory and alter the normal behavior of brain cells (Ted Abel, PhD, abstract 807.13, see attached summary). (sfn.org)
We also observed inhibition of the brain hub that connects the limbic system with frontal cortices, hampering the mechanism that regulates cognitive control and increasing the probability to fall into disruptive or violent behavior. (whnt.com)
The OHSU team used cryo-electron microscopy to look at the detailed architecture of AMPA receptors, molecules in the brain associated with mood, memory, learning, and behavior. (pnnl.gov)
The new research marks an important step toward understanding the structure and behavior of the brain in healthy people and compared to those with neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, or Huntington's disease. (pnnl.gov)

Does Screen Time Impact Shape Of Children's Brains? (medicaldaily.com)
Despite the current widespread availability, overall ease of performance, and safety profile of fetal MRI, studies of the brain on fetal MRI in opioid-exposed fetuses are scarce," wrote lead author Usha D. Nagaraj, MD, a pediatric neuroradiologist affiliated with the Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, and colleagues. (diagnosticimaging.com)

How Does Autism Affect the Brain? (additudemag.com)
Samples were collected through the Harvard Brain Bank as part of the Autism Network Project, in addition to the University of Maryland Brain Banks. (additudemag.com)
Her research team has found that the male brain is considerably more sensitive to acetaminophen than the female brain, possibly accounting for the gender bias in autism. (greenmedinfo.com)
Their discovery reveals that the gray matter in a network of brain regions known to affect social communication and self-related thoughts has a distinct organization in people with autism. (stanford.edu)
We are getting closer to being able to use brain-imaging technology to help in the diagnosis and treatment of individuals with autism,' said child psychiatrist Antonio Hardan , MD, who is the study's other senior author and an associate professor of psychiatry and behavioral sciences at Stanford. (stanford.edu)
Brain scans are not likely to completely replace traditional methods of autism diagnosis, which rely on behavioral assessments, Hardan added, but they may eventually aid diagnosis in toddlers. (stanford.edu)
The analysis method, called 'multivariate searchlight classification,' divided the brain with a three-dimensional grid, then examined one cube of the brain at a time, and identified regions in which the pattern of gray matter volume could be used to discriminate between children with autism and typically developing children. (stanford.edu)
Earlier studies, for instance, suggested that people with autism may have larger brains in toddlerhood or have a large defect in one brain structure. (stanford.edu)

The atlas plots genetic correlations between different points on the cortical surface of the twins' brains. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Brain-wide Maps Reveal Stereotyped Cell-Type-Based Cortical Architecture and Subcortical Sexual Dimorphism. (bvsalud.org)

Their brain activity was monitored using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) as they watched more than 20 commercials which had aired during Super Bowl. (newscientist.com)
Two recently published research papers have used functional MRI (fMRI) to show how the two main constituents of cannabis Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and Cannabidiol (CBD) act on the brain to modulate cognitive function and psychiatric symptoms. (kcl.ac.uk)
The brain images captured by the fMRI show a difference between the two conditions. (sciencedaily.com)
The fMRI results showed that brain activity changed when the fan's team succeeded or failed. (whnt.com)

The magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan measured blood flow in the medial orbitofrontal cortex, part of the brain associated with pleasure and desire. (telegraph.co.uk)
Initially, the Yale team used functional MRI , a form of magnetic resonance imaging, to monitor the brains of 25 typical people while they did something really boring. (keranews.org)
CT scanning and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can be used in the diagnosis of peliosis hepatis, while chest and abdominal CT scans may reveal mediastinal, retroperitoneal, or mesenteric lymph node enlargement. (medscape.com)
magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain indicated diffuse, patchy white matter lesions, alongside patchy, enhancing lesions in both cerebellar hemispheres. (cdc.gov)

The results showed that family-related risk factors such as parents' obesity or diabetes were associated with altered insulin signalling in the subject's brain as well as reduced function of the opioid and cannabioid systems. (utu.fi)
b) Family-related risk factors were associated with decreased opioid receptor availability in regions related to producing pleasure in the subject's brain. (utu.fi)

Human guinea pigs underwent brain scans while being shown a series of 30 paintings by some of the world's greatest artists. (telegraph.co.uk)

Senior author Michael Fanselow and a team of psychologists and neurologists discovered that a traumatic brain injury causes changes in a brain region called the amygdala. (ucla.edu)
Repeated mild traumatic brain injury triggers pathology in asymptomatic C9ORF72 transgenic mice. (medscape.com)
Now the question is whether they may signify permanent traumatic brain injury with long-term consequences," he said. (medscape.com)
More research needs to be done to see how these may be used to monitor traumatic brain injury and the neurological consequences over time," said Dr Bernick. (medscape.com)

There are measurable ways that their brains are different," he says. (keranews.org)

The team also looked at how the Super Bowl ads sparked activity in the visual and auditory regions of the brain. (newscientist.com)
They hypothesize that players could train themselves to activate beneficial brain regions in high-pressure situations. (frontiersin.org)
A research team led by Denis Le Bihan (CEA) at the NeuroSpin neuroimaging center has just demonstrated that water diffusion slows down in activated regions of the brain. (cea.fr)
a) Family-related risk factors (parents' obesity and diabetes) were associated with altered insulin signalling in the subject's widespread brain regions. (utu.fi)
When compared to control samples, ASD brains demonstrated significantly reduced gene expression between regions of the cerebral cortex. (additudemag.com)
Neuronal changes (GeneM9), astrocyte reactivity (GeneM32), and blood-brain barrier disruption (GeneM24) were found to extend beyond the frontotemporal regions. (additudemag.com)
Some brain regions are especially important for processing fear-related memories. (scitechdaily.com)
A research team at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai performed a series of experiments in mice, including the removal of microglia from specific brain regions. (nih.gov)
The qBrain resource can be further mined to link stereotyped aspects of neuronal distributions to known and unknown functions of diverse brain regions. (bvsalud.org)
In addition, animal studies using invasive recordings, have suggested synchronous high-frequency oscillations involving several brain regions as another key feature of the psychedelic brain state. (lu.se)

The deletion carriers displayed features of brain overgrowth, including the extension of the cerebellum toward the spinal cord. (rsna.org)
The BSI comprises of electrodes implanted on the brain and spinal cord that communicate wirelessly. (co.ke)
The BSI deciphers the brain signals pertaining to walking intention and converts them into electrical simulation of the spinal cord. (co.ke)
which is the fluid that surrounds the brain and spinal cord (central nervous system). (medlineplus.gov)
On autopsy, gross examination revealed massive cerebral edema with uncal herniation and intracytoplasmic inclusions in the brain and spinal cord. (cdc.gov)

Successful kicks involved activation of 'useful' areas of the brain, such as the motor cortex which is involved in movement. (frontiersin.org)
For players who tended to experience more anxiety and miss penalties, another area of the brain was more active - the pre-frontal cortex. (frontiersin.org)
Water diffusion in brain cortex closely tracks underlying neuronal activity. (cea.fr)
When threatened, the amygdala is activated and collaborates with parts of the frontal brain lobes, known as the "prefrontal cortex," which are critical for emotion regulation. (scitechdaily.com)
Bird's brains are different to those of mammals, as they lack, among other things, a cortex - the thin, folded outer layer in mammals' brains, says Anders Brodin. (lu.se)

Everyone who comes to the hospital with a suspected intracerebral hemorrhage undergoes a computerized tomography (CT) scan of the brain. (webindia123.com)

What we found is when you look at art - whether it is a landscape, a still life, an abstract or a portrait - there is strong activity in that part of the brain related to pleasure. (telegraph.co.uk)
But in the male subject the commercial produced activity in reward-centres of the brain. (newscientist.com)
Another option is to measure the electrical activity of the brain using EEG scans. (technologyreview.com)
Research reveals for the first time, that changes in brain activity, triggered by physical exercise, may help reduce cigarette cravings. (sciencedaily.com)
After no exercise the smokers showed heightened activity in response to the images in areas of the brain associated with reward-processing and visual attention. (sciencedaily.com)
This is the first time that anyone has investigated brain activity during this process. (sciencedaily.com)
Along with integration sites that seem to correspond to germline activity of these mobile genetic elements, they also saw thousands of potential insertion sites stemming from somatic retrotransposons activity in the brain, including many retrotransposition events affecting protein-coding sequences that are typically expressed in the brain. (genomeweb.com)
But recent studies suggest there are exceptions to this somatic suppression, they added, with L1 transposons showing activity in some brain cells. (genomeweb.com)
We tried to answer this by measuring the brain activity of football players during the physical execution of a penalty kick. (frontiersin.org)
Slutter and colleagues recruited 22 volunteers to kick penalties and measured their brain activity using a technique called functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). (frontiersin.org)
This involves wearing a headset, and can measure brain activity on the move. (frontiersin.org)
You need these kinds of mechanisms to give working memory activity the freedom it needs to be flexible," said Earl K. Miller, Picower Professor Neuroscience in MIT's Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences (BCS). (scienceblog.com)
Senior author Earl K. Miller, Picower Professor of Neuroscience in MIT's Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, added that short-term synaptic plasticity is crucial in giving working memory activity the flexibility it needs to be dynamic, like our thoughts. (scienceblog.com)
After the training, activity had decreased in a key brain area involved in processing visual input. (ucsf.edu)
On March 13, an EEG revealed moderate to severe generalized slowing of cerebral activity. (cdc.gov)
Our data suggest that the altered brain states of LSD and ketamine are caused by different underlying mechanisms, where LFP power shifts indicate increased neuronal activity but reduced connectivity following ketamine, while LSD also leads to reduced connectivity but without an accompanying change in LFP broadband power. (lu.se)

This is a significantly better success rate than the spelling system, which an Esquire profile from last year revealed Ramsey could no long use. (popsci.com)

This photomicrograph of a section of brain tissue, revealed the hemorrhage of a blood vessel. (cdc.gov)

Pixyl.Neuro reportedly leverages generative artificial intelligence (AI) technology to accelerate brain MRI assessment and improve early detection of abnormal atrophy. (diagnosticimaging.com)
Targeting the microglia system could potentially be a therapeutic protecting the brain from abnormal activation seen in neurodegenerative diseases. (nih.gov)
Affected individuals also have abnormal deposits of calcium (calcification) in the brain. (medlineplus.gov)

On January 5th, my CT scan showed [metastases] in my brain," read the caption of the video, which showed her being fitted for a mask worn while receiving radiation to the brain. (healthline.com)
Eventually, they had brain scan data from more than 100,000 individuals, ranging from a fetus to a centenarian. (wvxu.org)
On January 5th, my CT scan showed Mets in my brain. (gulfnews.com)

Research shows that the best brain foods are the same ones that protect your heart. (iol.co.za)
According to research, eating high-flavanol chocolate can enhance blood flow to the brain in young individuals. (iol.co.za)
Five years after a 1999 car crash left Eric Ramsey a victim of locked-in syndrome-essentially a conscious mind trapped inside a completely unresponsive body, unable even to blink-he soon found himself on the cutting edge brain research. (popsci.com)
Brain MRI results that show the effects of flight on the brains of F-16 fighter jet pilots could also shed light on the impact of space travel on astronauts, according to research published February 15 in Frontiers in Physiology . (auntminnie.com)
This makes sense, but despite over a century of research on the evolution of brain size, there is still controversy, largely stemming from the fact that evidence for the expensive tissue hypothesis is based entirely on between species comparisons and correlations, with no empirical tests. (scientificamerican.com)
Posit Science was co-founded by Michael Merzenich, PhD, a leader in brain plasticity research and professor emeritus, Keck Center for Integrative Neuroscience and Otolaryngology at UCSF. (ucsf.edu)
They also relate to Milestone 2.B , "Establish new research programs that employ data-driven, systems-based approaches to understand the interaction between peripheral systems (in particular: immune, metabolic, microbiome) and the brain and the impact of this interaction on brain aging and neurodegeneration. (nih.gov)
These efforts should integrate human and animal model research and characterize the extent to which molecular (epigenomic, transcriptomic and metabolomic) variation identified in peripheral tissues can be used as a proxy for inter-individual variation in the trajectories of brain aging, AD and AD-related dementias. (nih.gov)
Sensitivity to noise is a common symptom after concussion, which suggested to us that this might partly explain why fear reactions to certain stimuli are increased after brain injury," said Ann Hoffman, a UCLA researcher in psychology and lead author of the research, which is published in the journal Scientific Reports. (ucla.edu)

Since this time series is correlated with the mechanisms that integrate information in the brain, it should offer some insight into the level of consciousness behind it. (technologyreview.com)
Neurophysiological mechanisms of deep brain stimulation across spatiotemporal resolutions. (medscape.com)
In the human brain, it can be seen that certain mechanisms and functions that belong together are far closer to each other. (lu.se)

and the brain processes fear differently after such an injury. (ucla.edu)

Brain imaging and behavioral studies are illuminating the brain pathways that are blocked or contorted by sleep deprivation, and the risks this poses to learning, memory, and mental health. (sfn.org)
The finding adds to the evidence that people with ADHD have a true brain disorder, not just a behavioral problem, says Mark Mahone , director of neuropsychology at the Kennedy Krieger Institute in Baltimore. (keranews.org)
asked senior author Michael Fanselow, who holds the Staglin Family Chair in Psychology at UCLA and is the director of UCLA's Staglin Music Festival Center for Brain and Behavioral Health. (ucla.edu)

Currently, doctors don't recommend routine monitoring for metastatic brain tumors - even in people with HER2-positive or triple-negative breast cancers - who don't have symptoms. (healthline.com)
However, Chalasani said certain newer medications are able to cross the blood-brain barrier, which has improved the outlook for people with metastatic brain tumors . (healthline.com)

Ultrasound also revealed a left referred to the department of urology. (who.int)

Necropsy of the brain did not reveal any abnormalities. (cdc.gov)

They then differentiated between germline and somatic insertions by comparing RC-seq data from the brain samples and from pooled donor blood samples. (genomeweb.com)
The brain data also reveals whether the relationship between the person touching and the one being touched is close or not. (aalto.fi)
They used a subset of their data to 'train' the mathematical algorithm, then ran the remaining brain scans through the algorithm to classify the children. (stanford.edu)

Several labs in the consortium arranged with local hospitals to obtain healthy brain tissue removed by surgeons in order to reach a tumor or other diseased area. (npr.org)
One of the most interesting evolutionary hypotheses about brain size is The Expensive Tissue Hypothesis . (scientificamerican.com)
At the Washington State Department of Health Public Health Laboratories a specimen of brain tissue obtained at autopsy also was positive by DFA, and rabies virus was isolated by mouse inoculation. (cdc.gov)
Analysis at CDC also included viral isolation from sputum obtained on March 14 and a positive DFA and nucleotide sequence analysis result from brain tissue obtained at autopsy. (cdc.gov)

Another possibility is that exercise causes a shift in blood flow to areas of the brain less involved in anticipation of reward and pleasure generated by smoking images. (sciencedaily.com)
It finds that people who choked activated areas of the brain involved in long-term thinking, suggesting that they were overthinking the consequences of missing the shot. (frontiersin.org)
We found that players who were able to perform under pressure activated task-relevant areas of the brain," explains Dr Nattapong Thammasan, of the University of Twente. (frontiersin.org)
Compared with nonpilot peers, experienced pilots also showed higher connectivity in the vestibular and visual information areas of the brain that manage the cognitive demands of flight, according to the group. (auntminnie.com)

They successfully created smarty-pants guppies that had brains about 9% larger than their counterparts through artificial selection. (scientificamerican.com)
But what was really remarkable was the cost of these larger brains. (scientificamerican.com)
Our demonstration of a reduction in gut size and offspring number in the experimental populations selected for larger relative brain size provides compelling experimental evidence for the cost of increased brain size. (scientificamerican.com)
For example, the authors aren't entirely sure why females were the only ones to show cognitive improvement with larger brains. (scientificamerican.com)
The duplication carriers showed characteristics of brain undergrowth, such as decreased white matter volume and larger ventricles. (rsna.org)
Larger organisms usually have larger brains, but are they really more advanced? (lu.se)

Infectious diseases follow-up 3 weeks after hospital discharge revealed fatigue and occasional mild abdominal pain but normalized laboratory results. (cdc.gov)
Physical examination of the patient revealed a semifixed 6 cm mass on the abdominal epigastric area adjacent to the right inferior ribs. (who.int)

We were surprised to find that the developmental refinement of structural brain networks involved increased modular segregation and global integration, since highly modular systems have the potential to become fragmented," says Ted Satterthwaite (@sattertt), an assistant professor of Psychiatry in the Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania. (eurekalert.org)

Within the first year of life, most individuals with Aicardi-Goutières syndrome experience an episode of severe brain dysfunction (encephalopathy), typically lasting for several months. (medlineplus.gov)

These results show that as kids grow up, their brain becomes more segregated into specialized units, but also more integrated as a whole. (eurekalert.org)
Our results demonstrate that retrotransposons mobilize to protein-coding genes differentially expressed and active in the brain," corresponding author Geoffrey Faulkner, a genetics and genomics researcher at the University of Edinburgh, and co-authors wrote. (genomeweb.com)
A newly published article presented further results that songbird (Passeriformes), have a particularly well-developed brain. (lu.se)

Instead of comparing the sizes of individual brain structures, as prior studies have done, the new analysis generated something akin to a topographical map of the entire brain. (stanford.edu)

The hypothesis suggests that while brains are great and all, their extreme energetic cost limits their size and tempers their growth. (scientificamerican.com)

One of the challenges of treating breast cancer that has spread to the brain, said Peddi, is that many medications used to treat aggressive cancers don't cross the blood-brain barrier. (healthline.com)

They realized there was no good answer because most studies that involved MRI brain scans had been limited to a small number of people at a single point in time. (wvxu.org)
Their brains now look like those of people who never had ADHD," said Aaron Mattfeld, the study's lead author. (amenclinics.com)
Yet again, the use of brain imaging has paved the way for more targeted treatment plans for people with ADD. (amenclinics.com)

The stereotyped features of neuronal circuits are those most likely to explain the remarkable capacity of the brain to process information and govern behaviors , yet it has not been possible to comprehensively quantify neuronal distributions across animals or genders due to the size and complexity of the mammalian brain . (bvsalud.org)

Anatomy45

Organisms16

Diseases26

Chemicals and Drugs41

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment54

Psychiatry and Psychology13

Phenomena and Processes62

Disciplines and Occupations2

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena1

Humanities1

Information Science10

Health Care6

Smaller brains3

20231

Researchers51

Brain's2

Differences11

Scientists18

Animal brains2

Study42

20173

Neurons5

Autistic3

Shannen Doherty2

Humans8

Hippocampus4

Findings8

Adults2

Functional connectivity1

Participants3

Chimpanzee2

Cognition2

Neural9

Patterns2

Anatomical1

Organs1

Males3

Behavior4

Children's2

Autism8

Cortical2

FMRI4

Magnetic4

Opioid2

Underwent brain1

Traumatic brain4

Measurable1

Regions10

Spinal5

Cortex5

Computerized tomography1

Activity16

Significantly1

Hemorrhage1

Abnormal3

Scan3

Research9

Mechanisms3

Processes1

Behavioral3

Tumors2

Ultrasound1

Abnormalities1

Data3

Tissue4

Areas of the brain4

Larger6

Abdominal2

Structural1

Individuals1

Results3

Structures1

Suggests1

Blood-brain b1

People3

Neuronal1