• Xenotropic murine leukemia virus-related gammaretrovirus (XMRV) gag sequences derived from respiratory tract secretions. (cdc.gov)
  • Fischer N , Hellwinkel O , Schulz C , Chun FK , Huland H , Aepfelbacher M , Prevalence of human gammaretrovirus XMRV in sporadic prostate cancer. (cdc.gov)
  • Stieler KSC , Lavanya M , Aepfelbacher M , Stocking C , Fischer N . Host range and cellular tropism of the human exogenous gammaretrovirus XMRV. (cdc.gov)
  • Lombardi VC , Ruscetti FW , Das Gupta J , Pfost MA , Hagen KS , Peterson DL , Detection of an infectious retrovirus, XMRV, in blood cells of patients with chronic fatigue syndrome. (cdc.gov)
  • Erlwein O , Kaye S , McClure MO , Weber J , Wills G , Collier D , Failure to detect the novel retrovirus XMRV in chronic fatigue syndrome. (cdc.gov)
  • An important question about the retrovirus XMRV, which has been implicated in prostate cancer and chronic fatigue syndrome, is where the virus replicates in humans. (virology.ws)
  • Reviewing the transmission of another human retrovirus, HIV-1, is instructive in understanding the pathogenesis of XMRV infection. (virology.ws)
  • FDA is updating the committee on XMRV, the newly identified human retrovirus (a gammaretrovirus), and FDAs collaborative efforts with other public health agencies and blood establishments to determine whether XMRV poses a safety concern for the blood supply. (phoenixrising.me)
  • XMRV is a simple retrovirus with gag, pol and env genes and unlike HIV or HTLV, has no accessory or regulatory genes. (phoenixrising.me)
  • Although the associations of the XMRV infection with human diseases appear unlikely, the XMRV is a retrovirus of undefined pathogenic potential, able to replicate in human cells in vitro. (x-rx.net)
  • Conclusions: Overall, the replication-competent retrovirus XMRV, present in a high number of laboratories, is able to infect human lymphoid tissue and produce infectious viruses, even though they were unable to establish a new infection in fresh tonsillar tissue. (x-rx.net)
  • Between 2009 and 2012, the controversy over the retroviruses XMRV/XMLV and their role in ME/CFS involved a tumultuous roller-coaster ride for patients and scientists around the world. (meresearch.org.uk)
  • As it points out, the finding that XMRV was a "cell culture contaminant" as opposed to a clinically important pathogen highlighted an important fact: that murine endogenous gammaretroviruses were infecting commonly used laboratory human cell lines. (meresearch.org.uk)
  • In fact, since XMRV was discovered, many additional cell lines have been shown to harbour these gammaretroviruses, threatening not only the invalidation of experimental results but also the cross-contamination of uninfected cell lines grown in the same laboratory. (meresearch.org.uk)
  • Infection of Xenotransplanted Human Cell Lines by Murine Retroviruses: A Lesson Brought Back to Light by XMRV. (meresearch.org.uk)
  • Note: I plan to begin posting blogs about the XMRV retrovirus on Addi and Cassi's website. (addiandcassi.com)
  • Retrovirologist Stephen Goff joins Vincent, Rich, and Alan for a discussion of recent papers on the retrovirus XMRV and its association with chronic fatigue syndrome and prostate cancer. (microbe.tv)
  • This gammaretrovirus called Tursiops truncates endogenous retrovirus, was thought to be from extant mammalian endogenous gammaretroviruses. (wikipedia.org)
  • Results of the in silico computational analysis suggest that endogenous retroviruses have a long history of switching hosts - in particular, hopping back and forth between different mammalian species. (genomeweb.com)
  • We have investigated the maturation sites of avian and mammalian C-type retroviruses in polarized epithelial cells. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Lentivirus or gamma retrovirus-based CAR delivery was used in multiple CART cell productions. (labroots.com)
  • Furthermore, the viral vector market is mainly bifurcated into the lentivirus, adeno-associated virus, retrovirus & gammaretrovirus, modified herpes simplex virus, and adenovirus. (dreampirates.us)
  • In cattle, known retroviruses are bovine leukemia virus (BLV) of the genus Deltaretrovirus , bovine immunodeficiency virus (BIV) of the genus Lentivirus , and bovine foamy virus (BFV) of the genus Bovispumavirus [ 16 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Several retroviruses, including members of the genera Lentivirus , Gammaretrovirus , and Deltaretrovirus have been shown to cause disease in the CNS. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Using data for almost 90,000 retroviruses that have worked their way into dozens of vertebrate host genomes, the researchers assessed relationships between viruses in a genus called Gammaretrovirus . (genomeweb.com)
  • When retroviruses infect germ cells (sperm or egg), heritable forms of the viruses can arise. (meassociation.org.uk)
  • This gamma retrovirus shared a lot of RNA with a family known as the xenotropic murine leukemia viruses (MuLVs). (perfecthealthdiet.com)
  • Delta retroviruses and lenti viruses, like HIV-1 and HIV-2 are less well represented, indicating these are recent additions, in evolutionary time. (phoenixrising.me)
  • Retroviruses are single-stranded positive-sense RNA viruses that incorporate their genomes as proviruses into host chromosomal genomes after reverse transcription to cDNA. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Never mind that we've been mainlining attenuated viruses cultured in animal cells which express exogenous retroviruses for eighty years now. (x-rx.net)
  • We will concentrate at first on m6A and m5C post-transcriptional modifications, and on three retroviral genera: lentiviruses (HIV and SIV, human and simian immunodeficiency viruses), the oncogenic deltaretroviruses (HTLV and BLV, human T-lymphotropic virus and bovine leukemia virus), and the oncogenic gammaretrovirus (MLV, mouse leukemia virus). (unil.ch)
  • This retrovirus belongs to the genus Betaretrovirus , which comprises both B- and D-type primate retroviruses. (gydb.org)
  • Fv1 is definitely a saturable gag-like component indicated from a murine endogenous retrovirus-L (MuERV-L) [4] carefully related to the human being ERV-L [5,6]. (siamtech.net)
  • For every exogenous retrovirus which becomes endogenous there must be many that infect some host populations without becoming widespread and endogenous throughout the entire species. (phoenixrising.me)
  • The genesis of these endogenous retroviruses (ERVs) necessitates establishment of provirus by the ancestral, exogenous retrovirus within host germ cells, such that these elements are maintained as heritable genetic elements in the host species. (biomedcentral.com)
  • By comparison with DNA sequences from exogenous retrovirus families, three main classes of HERVs, gamma, beta, and delta have been identified [ 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The Tursiops truncates endogenous retrovirus original invasion dates back to approximately 10-19 million years ago, and was identified in killer whale endogenous gammaretrovirus which invaded over 3 million years ago. (wikipedia.org)
  • We examined the evolutionary history of a cervid endogenous gammaretrovirus (CrERVγ) in mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus). (psu.edu)
  • Integrated retrovirus DNA (provirus) derived from infection of the germline of an ancestral animal. (nationalacademies.org)
  • En ocasiones, después de la integración no se expresa, pero se mantiene en estado latente (PROVIRUS). (bvsalud.org)
  • Retroviruses have the ability to integrate into host cell genomes very well, which allows for the long term expression of their genome. (wikipedia.org)
  • In 2009, another endogenous gammaretroviruses were detected in a species of killer whale, as well as nine other cetacean genomes. (wikipedia.org)
  • So gammaretrovirus genomes are present in both aquatic and terrestrial mammal species. (wikipedia.org)
  • NEW YORK (GenomeWeb News) - In the early, online edition of the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences , an Uppsala University team reported on findings from a computational study of retrovirus phylogeny in host genomes. (genomeweb.com)
  • A new gamma retrovirus was found in 8 of 20 prostate cancer patients with double R462Q mutations, but only 1 of 66 patients without the double mutation. (perfecthealthdiet.com)
  • This could apply to a beta or gamma retrovirus. (phoenixrising.me)
  • Certain post-translational modifications to histones, including H3K4me3, as well as binding sites for the transcription factor STAT1, predict the site of integration of exogenous gamma-retroviruses with great accuracy and cell-type specificity. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Statistical methods that were used to identify chromatin features that predict exogenous gamma-retrovirus integration site selection were exploited here to determine whether cell type-specific chromatin markers are enriched in the vicinity of endogenous retroviruses (ERVs). (biomedcentral.com)
  • Proximity of HERV-H to binding sites for pluripotency transcription factors within ES cells might be due to retention of the same chromatin features that determined the site of integration of the ancestral, exogenous, gamma-retrovirus that gave rise to HERV-H in the distant past. (biomedcentral.com)
  • June 17, 2010 - Concern that a new human gamma-retrovirus may be transmissible through blood has led one infectious diseases specialist to recommend new steps to protect the US blood supply against possible infection with the virus. (medscape.com)
  • In preclinical studies the transduction of murine anti-tumor T cells with a gamma-retrovirus encoding IL-12 substantially increased the ability of low numbers of cells to mediate the destruction of invasive cancers in the absence of IL-2 administration. (ecologicalsgardens.com)
  • Gammaretroviruses are widespread in vertebrates, but do not establish infection readily in immunocompetent hosts. (phoenixrising.me)
  • Gammaretroviruses are very popular retroviral vectors in laboratory studies. (wikipedia.org)
  • One specific gammaretrovirus that is commonly used as a retroviral vector is the Moloney murine leukemia virus. (wikipedia.org)
  • Therefore, our research project aims at characterizing in detail the major epitranscriptomic modifications of viral RNAs of different retroviruses, assessing their implication on viral replication, and comparing the epitranscriptomic strategies used among the different retroviral genera. (unil.ch)
  • A good example of emerging science is the progress made since 2002 in understanding a retrovirus family that is now firmly linked to cancer and chronic fatigue syndrome and may soon be linked to other diseases. (perfecthealthdiet.com)
  • Researchers also looked into several different types of bat species to solidify the claim that bats are the main reservoir for gammaretroviruses. (wikipedia.org)
  • This study demonstrates the potential of the genomic record as an important resource for improving understanding of the long term co-evolution among retroviruses and host species," senior author Patric Jern, a biochemistry and microbiology researcher at Uppsala University, said in a statement. (genomeweb.com)
  • A species of GAMMARETROVIRUS causing leukemia, lymphosarcoma, immune deficiency, or other degenerative diseases in cats. (harvard.edu)
  • To become fully endogenous a retrovirus must insert its genes in germ-line cells without damaging their ability to reproduce. (phoenixrising.me)
  • Indeed, the ability to express antisense transcripts appears to be phylogenetically more widespread among endogenous and exogenous retroviruses than the presence of a functional antisense open reading frame within these transcripts. (bvsalud.org)
  • Dong B , Kim S , Hong S , Das Gupta J , Malathi K , Klein EA , An infectious retrovirus susceptible to an IFN antiviral pathway from human prostate tumors. (cdc.gov)
  • HTLV-1, the first human retrovirus identified, causes adult T cell leukemia. (meassociation.org.uk)
  • The second human retrovirus, HTLV-2 has not been associated with any disease. (meassociation.org.uk)
  • As it happens, both groups are well represented as human endogenous retroviruses (HERV). (phoenixrising.me)
  • Human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs) are not uncommon, and account for at least 8% of the total human DNA. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Scientists in a power postition at the NIH have closed their minds to retroviruses other than HIV and HTLV contributing to human disease. (x-rx.net)
  • Dr. Mikovits argument that the human retroviruses have been, in the early stages of our understanding of them, difficult to assess using PCR and that antibody tests are more appropriate appeared to fall on deaf ears - at least in that group. (phoenixrising.me)
  • Many endogenous retroviruses, closely related to exogenous gammaretroviruses, are present in the DNA of mammals (including humans), birds, reptiles and amphibians. (wikipedia.org)
  • Retroviruses are found in a wide range of mammals, and they can contribute to the development of cancers, such as leukemia or lymphoma, as well as neurological diseases. (meassociation.org.uk)
  • So far, I've covered several stages in the life cycle of a retrovirus infecting mammals. (phoenixrising.me)
  • A retrovirus is a type of virus that has RNA instead of DNA as its genetic material. (meassociation.org.uk)
  • Fv1 hindrances MLV computer virus previous to incorporation and will not really block out illness by additional retroviruses [7]. (siamtech.net)
  • The new virus is a retrovirus similar to HIV, but with apparent differences, including fewer cycles of virus replication. (medscape.com)
  • Using high-throughput sequencing (HTS) and bioinformatics, we discovered a new retrovirus, bovine retrovirus CH15 (BoRV CH15), in the CNS of a cow with non-suppurative encephalitis. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Gammaretrovirus is a spherical, enveloped virion ranging from 80-100 nm in diameter. (wikipedia.org)
  • This study demonstrates the utility of endogenous retroviruses to elucidate and provide novel insight into both ERV evolutionary history and the history of contemporary host populations. (psu.edu)
  • A key feature of retrovirus biology is the synthesis of a DNA copy of the genome which is integrated into cellular DNA. (bvsalud.org)
  • Proviruses are often associated with neoplastic cell transformation and are key features of retrovirus biology. (lookformedical.com)
  • Gammaretroviruses in animals are implicated in a wide range of diseases including cancers, immunodeficiency, and neurological disorders. (phoenixrising.me)
  • Moreover, even in the case of retroviruses that do express an antisense protein, such as HTLV-1 and the pandemic strains of HIV-1, the 3' LTR-driven antisense transcript shows both protein-coding and noncoding activities. (bvsalud.org)
  • Gammaretroviruses are similar to other retroviruses and reverse transcribe a positive single strand RNA into double stranded DNA. (wikipedia.org)
  • It is unrelated to HIV but highly similar to mouse retroviruses. (phoenixrising.me)
  • Endogenous retroviruses are LTR-retrotransposons derived from retroviruses that have become stably integrated in the host genome during past infections and transmitted vertically to subsequent generations. (psu.edu)
  • subjects for studying the evolution of the host-retrovirus relationship. (stanleylab.org)
  • Gene delivery in a mouse xenograft of a retargeted retrovirus to a solid 143B osteosarcoma. (harvard.edu)
  • Gammaretroviruses have a wide range of implications for animals. (wikipedia.org)
  • History Retroviruses can trigger a range of illnesses in their sponsor varieties. (siamtech.net)
  • Most proteins expressed by endogenous and exogenous retroviruses are encoded in the sense (positive) strand of the genome and are under the control of regulatory elements within the 5' long terminal repeat (LTR). (bvsalud.org)
  • As a potential vector for gene therapy, gammaretroviruses have some advantages over HIV as a lentiviral vector. (wikipedia.org)
  • All animals are thought to carry numerous endogenous (but nonfunctional) retroviruses, some of which were inserted many millions of years ago. (nationalacademies.org)
  • There have also been claimed discoveries of murine gammaretroviruses in lung cancer cell lines. (wikipedia.org)