• KDM5A-mediated histone H3 lysine 4 demethylation contributes to silencing of retinoblastoma target genes (Chicas et al. (atlasgeneticsoncology.org)
  • Briefly, miRNAs are expected to account for 1-5% of the human genome and to interfere with at least 30% of the protein-coding genes ( 4 , 5 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • The most widely held concept of histogenesis of retinoblastoma holds that it generally arises from a multipotential precursor cell (mutation in the long arm of chromosome 13 band 13q14) that could develop into almost any type of inner or outer retinal cell. (medscape.com)
  • The bar plot below shows the proportion of tumor samples that have any kind of altering mutation(s) in the given protein. (phosphosite.org)
  • The first mutation of RB1 in cases of retinoblastoma can be either constitutional or somatic, whereas the second mutation is always somatic. (medscape.com)
  • This study showed several sides of structure and function of heterochromatin through analysis of HP1 and its binding proteins, as follows. (nii.ac.jp)
  • Cystatin A (Cys A), a cysteine protease inhibitor, is a precursor of proteins involves in keratinocyte keratinization, and is expressed during the late phase of differentiation of these cells. (bvsalud.org)
  • The p16INK4A protein is a cell-cycle inhibitor that acts by inhibiting activated cyclin D:CDK4/6 complexes, which play a crucial role in the control of the cell cycle by phosphorylating Rb protein. (medscape.com)
  • A transient expression assay suggested that pp71 and IE1 were also involved in this process, and this suggestion was significant, since both proteins have been reported to interact with components of promyelocytic leukemia (PML) bodies (ND10) and also interact functionally with retinoblastoma pocket proteins (RB). (elsevierpure.com)
  • The cell cycle is a tightly regulated process that is controlled by the conserved cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK)-cyclin protein complex 1 . (nature.com)
  • Although the senescent cells remain viable, they show typical changes with enlarged and flattened cell bodies, apoptosis resistance, increased activity of senescence-associated β -galactosidase (SA- β -gal), and upregulation of cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitors including p16 INK4A , ARF proteins, and p21 [ 13 - 16 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • The various markers that enable assessment of the progression of preneoplastic lesions to spindle cell carcinoma include the p16 protein, which halts the cell cycle and induces apoptosis by pRb-mediated phosphorylation of cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4). (bvsalud.org)
  • p38γ and δ promote heart hypertrophy by targeting the mTOR-inhibitory protein DEPTOR for degradation. (nature.com)
  • The mechanism, which is based on the synthesis and degradation of three ''master regulator'' proteins (CtrA, GcrA, and DnaA), is converted into a quantitative model, in order to study the temporal dynamics of these and other cell cycle proteins. (ebi.ac.uk)
  • It promotes proteasome-dependent ubiquitin-independent degradation of retinoblastoma RB1 protein. (researchandmarkets.com)
  • 11. Amsel, A. & Roussel, J. Motivational properties of ences in post-transcriptional processes spark interest in the development of frustration: I. Effect on a running response of the (protein redistribution, degradation), pharmacotherapies that selectively reg- addition of frustration to the motivational com- plex. (lu.se)
  • Proteins associated with PML bodies were examined by Western blot analysis, and pUL97 appeared to specifically affect the phosphorylation of RB in a kinase-dependent manner. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Western Blot: cleaved Retinoblastoma 1 Antibody (172C1094) [NB100-56598] - Analysis in HL60 cells were treated with camptothecin for 24 hours. (novusbio.com)
  • Retinoblastoma (RB) is a malignant childhood intraocular tumor. (molvis.org)
  • Although its common function is seen as binding and repressing E2F targets, pRb is likely a multifunctional protein as it binds to at least 100 other proteins. (wikipedia.org)
  • The crystal structure of the Rb pocket bound to a nine-residue E7 peptide containing the LxCxE motif, shared by other Rb-binding viral and cellular proteins, shows that the LxCxE peptide binds a highly conserved groove on the B domain. (nih.gov)
  • The encoded protein binds directly to retinoblastoma protein, which regulates cell proliferation. (fishersci.com)
  • Retinoblastoma-binding protein 1 (RBBP1) is a tumor and leukemia suppressor that binds both methylated histone tails and DNA. (rcsb.org)
  • This explains why sufferers of sporadic retinoblastoma are not at increased risk of cancers later in life, as both alleles are functional in all their other cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • RB1 deletion in retinoblastoma protein pathway-disrupted cells results in DNA damage and cancer progression" Molecular and Cellular Biology Vol. 39 Iss. (bepress.com)
  • Activation of a retinoblastoma-protein-dependent pathway by sphingosine. (musc.edu)
  • 1) Various complex formation of Histone methyltransferases for repressive chromatin and the molecular basis of their formation, 2) Relationship between heterochromatin formation and repressive histone modification on inactive X chromosome, 3) Involvement of an HP1 binding protein in pathway choice for repairing double-strand breaks. (nii.ac.jp)
  • The protein interaction landscape of the human CMGC kinase group. (nature.com)
  • Characterization of protein kinase C beta isoform's action on retinoblastoma protein phosphorylation, vascular endothelial growth factor-induced endothelial cell proliferation, and retinal neovascularization. (bvsalud.org)
  • Activation of protein kinase C (PKC) enhances the angiogenic process and is involved in the signaling of vascular endothelial growth factor ( VEGF ). (bvsalud.org)
  • Cells infected with human cytomegalovirus in the absence of UL97 kinase activity produce large nuclear aggregates that sequester considerable quantities of viral proteins. (elsevierpure.com)
  • PML bodies have been linked to the formation of nuclear aggresomes, and colocalization studies suggested that viral proteins were recruited to these structures and that UL97 kinase activity inhibited their formation. (elsevierpure.com)
  • They further link to the activation of protein kinase C- (PKC-) induced generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) [ 6 , 7 ], which further mediates the activation of downstream transcription factor nuclear factor kappa-light-chain enhancer of activated B cells (NF- κ B). Thus, the main treatments of DN refer to modulate glycemic and blood pressure through insulin and RAS inhibitors. (hindawi.com)
  • PB-RB1 tumors show alterations in the RB1 gene and may develop in the setting of congenital retinoblastoma, a condition known as "trilateral retinoblastoma. (nih.gov)
  • Immunohistochemistry: cleaved Retinoblastoma 1 Antibody (172C1094) [NB100-56598] - Analysis in sections of primary human breast tumors. (novusbio.com)
  • Conclusion: p63, p16, MIB, Cal A, Cys A are markedly expressed and p16 is strongly suppressed in oral cavity tumors, which suggests that the latter protein may play a role in negative regulation of cell cycle progression. (bvsalud.org)
  • Results: Intriguingly, these results show that Rb expression was unchanged, while the level of the phosphorylated protein increased significantly in a dose-dependent manner, suggesting an involvement of this regulator protein in the pathogenesis of the lung diseases induced by mineral fibres. (unict.it)
  • The pRb-E2F/DP complex also attracts a histone deacetylase (HDAC) protein to the chromatin, reducing transcription of S phase promoting factors, further suppressing DNA synthesis. (wikipedia.org)
  • Members of this family of proteins are often found associated with histone-modifying enzymes and protein complexes that regulate gene expression. (bvsalud.org)
  • The c-myc protein is localized in the nucleus and can physically associate with RB protein in vitro, hence c-myc may functionally antagonize RB function. (wdv.com)
  • It interacts preferentially with the underphosphorylated retinoblastoma protein via the E1A-binding pocket B. Three alternatively spliced transcript variants that encode different protein isoforms have been described for this gene. (fishersci.com)
  • In mouse hepatocytes, p38γ induces proliferation after partial hepatectomy by promoting the phosphorylation of retinoblastoma tumour suppressor protein at known CDK target residues. (nature.com)
  • In humans, the protein is encoded by the RB1 gene located on chromosome 13-more specifically, 13q14.1-q14.2. (wikipedia.org)
  • This gene is located in a cluster of closely related salivary proline-rich proteins on chromosome 12. (cancerindex.org)
  • For example, the TP53 gene, located on chromosome 17, encodes a 53-kd nuclear protein that functions as a cell cycle checkpoint. (medscape.com)
  • This gene encodes a ubiquitously expressed nuclear protein which belongs to a highly conserved subfamily of WD-repeat proteins. (fishersci.com)
  • Our results indirectly support the theory that p16 expression is negatively regulated by the functional Rb protein. (nih.gov)
  • Replacement of wild-type RB can suppress the tumorigenicity of some of these cells, suggesting that the RB protein (Rb) may negatively regulate cell growth. (wdv.com)
  • pRb belongs to the pocket protein family, whose members have a pocket for the functional binding of other proteins. (wikipedia.org)
  • Lundberg, A. S. & Weinberg, R. A. Functional inactivation of the retinoblastoma protein requires sequential modification by at least two distinct cyclin-cdk complexes. (nature.com)
  • Should an oncogenic protein, such as those produced by cells infected by high-risk types of human papillomavirus, bind and inactivate pRb, this can lead to cancer. (wikipedia.org)
  • Reacts with human Retinoblastoma protein (pSer612). (covalab.com)
  • Introduction: In this study we addressed the expression of Rb and pRb protein in human lung epithelial A549 and MeT-5A cell cultures treated with three concentrations of fluoro-edenite fibres to gain insights into the biomolecular mechanisms underlying the interaction between these environmental particulates/fibres and human respiratory epithelium. (unict.it)
  • However, biological and molecular mechanisms linked to cancer development after mineral fibres exposure were not fully investigated.Methods: In the present study, mesothelial (MeT-5A) and human bronchoalveolar alveolar epithelial (A549) cell lines were incubated with rising concentrations of fluoro-edenite to evaluate the expression of retinoblastoma (Rb) protein, which has been demonstrated to play an important role in cell cycle control and tumour progression. (unict.it)
  • Neuron-associated class III beta-tubulin isotype, microtubule-associated protein 2, and synaptophysin in human retinoblastomas in situ. (unil.ch)
  • The effects of POP inhibition and knockdown on the proliferation of cultured human estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) MCF7 and T47D, and ER-negative (ER-) MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell lines and the MCF12A non-tumorigenic epithelial cell line were tested by analyzing their influence on cell proliferation (WST-1 assay), cell viability (trypan blue exclusion assay), and cell cycle arrest (cell cycle analysis, cell cycle regulator proteins expression). (cancerindex.org)
  • Carbonic Anhydrase I from human erythrocytes is a protein which is used as a standard pI (isoelectric point) marker for isoelectric focussing experiments. (sigmaaldrich.com)
  • Sufferers of the former were over six times more likely to develop other types of cancer later in life, compared to individuals with sporadic retinoblastoma. (wikipedia.org)
  • Retinoblastoma is the most common primary ocular malignancy (eye cancer) of childhood. (medscape.com)
  • [ 10 ] The major importance of this discovery is the idea that retinoblastoma can arise from fully matured nerves in the retina called horizontal interneurons, disproving the long-held scientific principle that fully formed, mature nerves cannot multiply like young immature cells. (medscape.com)
  • It reproduces protein time courses in wild-type cells, mimics correctly the phenotypes of many mutant strains, and predicts the phenotypes of currently uncharacterized mutants. (ebi.ac.uk)
  • Association of PKC beta 2 isoform with retinoblastoma protein was discovered in retinal endothelial cells , and PKC beta 2 isoform increased retinoblastoma phosphorylation under basal and VEGF -stimulated conditions. (bvsalud.org)
  • In particular, hormonal activation of a conditional v-Jun-estrogen receptor fusion protein in quiescent, growth factor-deprived cells stimulates cyclin E-cdk2 activity and triggers Rb phosphorylation and DNA synthesis. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Furthermore, because MGMT protein loss may be a result of promoter hypermethylation, it was reported that methylation of the MGMT promoter in gliomas is a useful predictor of the responsiveness to alkylating agents ( 7 ). (aacrjournals.org)
  • We examined the expression of p16 and Rb protein by means of immunohistochemistry in 61 non-small cell lung cancers and have demonstrated an inverse relationship between the expression of p16 and Rb protein: 28/30 specimens that did not stain for p16 stained for Rb and 21/31 p16-positive specimens did not stain for Rb. (nih.gov)
  • v-Jun overrides the mitogen dependence of S-phase entry by deregulating retinoblastoma protein phosphorylation and E2F-pocket protein interactions as a consequence of enhanced cyclin E-cdk2 catalytic activity. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Abrogation by c-myc of G1 phase arrest induced by RB protein but not by p53. (wdv.com)
  • Since many of the proteins involved in regulating the cell cycle of C. crescentus are conserved among many genera of a-proteobacteria, the proposed mechanism may be applicable to other species of importance in agriculture and medicine. (ebi.ac.uk)
  • Addgene: Expression cloning of a cDNA encoding a retinoblastoma-binding protein with E2F-like properties. (addgene.org)
  • In this work we studied the relative contribution of the retinoblastoma family members to the regulation of Sox2 expression. (oncotarget.com)
  • By means of oligonucleotide microarray and RNA interference, we reveal that the sensitizing effect of IFN-β was possibly due to attenuation of MGMT expression via induction of the protein p53. (aacrjournals.org)
  • This locus, however, also encodes a protein from an alternative reading frame, designated p19ARF. (medscape.com)
  • In October of 2007, a team of investigators at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital (Memphis, Tenn) claimed to have identified the specific cell that gives rise to retinoblastoma. (medscape.com)
  • Another protein, calgranulin A (Cal A), is involved in the regulation of several cell processes, including the cell cycle and cell differentiation. (bvsalud.org)
  • The CDK4-cyclinD complex normally phosphorylates the retinoblastoma protein (Rb protein), leading to release of the E2F transcription factor and cell cycle progression. (medscape.com)
  • The p19ARF protein, which is encoded by the same locus as p16, also leads to cell cycle arrest by inhibiting the ability of MDM2 to inactivate TP53. (medscape.com)
  • The DNA-binding residues are conserved in Tudor domains of the RBBP1 protein family, resulting in conservation of the DNA-binding function in the RBBP1 Tudor domains. (rcsb.org)
  • Small non-protein-coding RNA molecules, composed of around 22 nucleotides, are commonly named as miRNAs ( 1 - 3 ). (frontiersin.org)