Responses receptors odorant. Medical search. Frequent questions

The potential strategy involved would be to create small molecules that mimic the Or83b mutation and inhibit the receptor and disperse them, since it would be impractical to mutate the gene for the receptor in an entire population of disease-spreading insects. (wikipedia.org)
Olfactory receptors interact with odorant molecules in the nose, to initiate a neuronal response that triggers the perception of a smell. (nih.gov)
However, it is sensitive also to some common odorant molecules, which have no clear implication in intraspecific chemical communication. (frontiersin.org)
To determine what turns the receptors on, his team cloned more than 500 receptors each from 20 people that had slight variations of only one or two amino acids and systematically exposed them to odor molecules that might excite the receptors. (duke.edu)
The main aim of the project is to study the genes that encode the olfactory receptors [ proteins that bind to odorant molecules ]. (fapesp.br)
Proteins, usually projecting from the cilia of olfactory receptor neurons , that specifically bind odorant molecules and trigger responses in the neurons . (lookformedical.com)
This means that beyond smell, odorant molecules excerpt their own biochemical and physiological effects independently. (dr-lobisco.com)
Mediates response to a wide range of signaling molecules including hormones, neurotransmitters, odorants, tastants etc. (nonstopneuron.com)
To stimulate the olfactory receptors, airborne molecules must pass through the nasal cavity with relatively turbulent air currents and contact the receptors. (medscape.com)

Responses of olfactory sensory neurons to odorants are intensely enhanced with the addition of small endogenous and engineered zinc nanoparticles, as shown by physiological experiments. (nist.gov)
The fruit-piercing moth (Calyptrata thalictri) has been known to draw blood from mammalian hosts when the number of a particular group of olfactory sensing neurons that generally produce a repellent response to vertebrate volatiles is reduced. (wikipedia.org)
We find that while medium-chain alcohols inhibit the AWC olfactory neurons to drive attraction, these alcohols instead activate AWC to promote avoidance when presented in the background of a second AWC-sensed odorant. (plos.org)
Although mechanisms operating at the level of single sensory neuron types or sensilla in the periphery have also been implicated in this process [ 14 - 21 ], the contributions of sensory neurons to mediating odorant discrimination and olfactory behavioral plasticity are not fully understood. (plos.org)
G Protein-coupled odorant receptors underlie mechanosensitivity in mammalian olfactory sensory neurons. (upenn.edu)
In vertebrates, odors are sensed by olfactory sensory neurons (OSN) in the nose, each of which expresses one out of ~1000 odorant receptors. (harvard.edu)
responses to limonene and to localize and identify the olfactory sensory neurons responsible for detecting citrus. (mpg.de)
The authors simultaneously used a natural behavioral response and optical imaging to measure responses of neurons in the olfactory bulb, where odor signals sent from the nose are processed. (science20.com)
Measurements of neural responses confirm that very little processing takes place in these neurons. (science20.com)
In A Natural Polymorphism Alters Odour and DEET Sensitivity in an Insect Odorant Receptor , an article appearing in the Sept., 21, 2011, edition of Nature , the researchers suggest that the compound interferes with smell-sensing neurons in insect antennae. (cosmeticsandtoiletries.com)
The team found that an odorant receptor (OR59B) on the olfactory neurons in the insensitive flies differs from the receptors in sensitive strains by just one amino acid, but they think this is enough to make the flies insensitive to DEET. (cosmeticsandtoiletries.com)
The whole-cell voltage clamp recordings of odorant-stimulated olfactory neurons indicate that endogenous Gi protein negatively regulates odorant-evoked intracellular signaling. (auburn.edu)
EOG recordings were made from dissected rat olfactory receptor neurons under control conditions (in the presence of extra cellular fluid -ECF) and experimental conditions (in the presence of PNC and Zn and Cu).The metal nano particles were integrated with the odorants of interest and were delivered onto the odor receptors. (auburn.edu)
Most Drosophila olfactory neurons express two types of odorant receptor genes: Or83b, a broadly expressed receptor of unknown function, and one or more members of a family of 61 selectively expressed receptors. (ox.ac.uk)
The human sense organs contain receptors that relay information through sensory neurons to the appropriate places within the nervous system. (mukemmellokma.com)
Cutaneous receptors are at the ends of afferent neurons. (mukemmellokma.com)
Sensory neurons, also known as afferent neurons, are neurons in the nervous system, that convert a specific type of stimulus, via their receptors, into action potentials or graded potentials. (mukemmellokma.com)
A sensory system consists of sensory neurons (including the sensory receptor cells), neural pathways, and parts of the brain involved in sensory perception.Commonly recognized sensory systems are those for vision, hearing, touch, taste, smell, and balance. (mukemmellokma.com)
Neurons in the OLFACTORY EPITHELIUM with proteins ( RECEPTORS, ODORANT ) that bind, and thus detect, odorants. (lookformedical.com)
These neurons send their DENDRITES to the surface of the epithelium with the odorant receptors residing in the apical non-motile cilia . (lookformedical.com)
The ability to detect scents or odors , such as the function of OLFACTORY RECEPTOR NEURONS . (lookformedical.com)
It is formed by the axons of OLFACTORY RECEPTOR NEURONS which project from the olfactory epithelium (in the nasal epithelium) to the OLFACTORY BULB . (lookformedical.com)
A ubiquitous, cytoplasmic protein found in mature OLFACTORY RECEPTOR NEURONS of all VERTEBRATES. (lookformedical.com)
The receptor cells are actually bipolar neurons, each possessing a thin dendritic rod that contains specialized cilia extending from the olfactory vesicle and a long central process that forms the fila olfactoria. (medscape.com)
The small, unmyelinated axons of the olfactory receptor cells form the fine fibers of the first cranial nerve and travel centrally toward the ipsilateral olfactory bulb to make contact with the second-order neurons. (medscape.com)

Odorant receptors (ORs), the largest subfamily of G proteincoupled receptors, detect odorants in the nose. (bmbreports.org)
A synthetic peptide from c-terminal region of mouse olfactory receptor family 132, subfamily 1 (MOR132-1) conjugated to blue carrier protein was used as the antigen. (osenses.com)

In vivo calcium imaging of the flies' brains stimulated with citrus enabled the researchers to identify the corresponding odorant receptor. (mpg.de)

Or83b mutation disrupts behavioral and electrophysiological responses to many odorants, which supports the second model that OR plays a general rather than specific role in olfaction. (wikipedia.org)
Personal receptor repertoires: olfaction as a model. (nih.gov)
In addition, ORs were recently shown to be expressed in many nonolfactory tissues and cells, indicating that these receptors have physiological and pathophysiological roles beyond olfaction. (bmbreports.org)
DFG Priority Programme SPP1392: 'Integrative Analysis of Olfaction' (first funding period), subproject ' Testing olfactory bulb chemotopy and deorphanizing olfactory receptors by combining in vivo functional imaging and virtual screening ' in collaboration with Hartwig Spors (MPI for Biophysics, Frankfurt/Main). (fu-berlin.de)
Or83b therefore encodes an atypical odorant receptor that plays an essential general role in olfaction. (ox.ac.uk)
Odorants can also be perceived by entering the nose posteriorly through the nasopharynx to reach the olfactory receptor via retronasal olfaction. (medscape.com)

The other proposes that it could act with other ORs to mediate responses to all odors. (wikipedia.org)
Since Or83b responds not to specific odors but to odors in general the Or83b receptor must respond to a feature of other ORs that it has coevolved with. (wikipedia.org)
Food preference in insects is not always about attraction to certain odors but the lack of repellant response to the odor. (wikipedia.org)
The timing of behavioral responses to odors shows that odor discrimination must take place before the activity pattern in the olfactory bulb has fully developed. (science20.com)
These receptors control the sensors that determine how we smell odors. (duke.edu)
Only 18 strains later, the scientists identified one from Brazil that was not affected by DEET, although its responses to odors were otherwise normal. (cosmeticsandtoiletries.com)
Two models could account for Or83b function: it could interact with specific odor stimuli independent of conventional odorant receptors, or it could act in concert with these receptors to mediate responses to all odors. (ox.ac.uk)
Odors have been demonstrated to effect psychology, physiology, and biochemistry through their interactions with receptors in the body. (dr-lobisco.com)
Certain odors can also trigger memories based on one's previous associations and evoke specific behavioral responses. (dr-lobisco.com)
OlfactionBase: a repository to explore odors, odorants, olfactory receptors and odorant-receptor interactions. (iiita.ac.in)
These signals, which are not detected consciously as odors by the olfactory system, mediate human autonomic, psychological, and endocrine responses. (medscape.com)

The olfactory receptor proteins are members of a large family of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) arising from single coding-exon genes. (nih.gov)
The nomenclature assigned to the olfactory receptor genes and proteins for this organism is independent of other organisms. (nih.gov)
The nomenclature assigned to theolfactory receptor genes and proteins for this organism isindependent of other organisms. (prosci-inc.com)
In addition to G proteins involvement in the enhancement, modulation and inhibition of Odorant signals, there is evidence that metals like zinc enhances odorant induced response of Rat OE are exposed to crystalline metallic nanoparticles which are found in proteon nucleating centers (PNC) and metallic Zinc nanoparticles (artificial PNC). (auburn.edu)

Additionally, these receptors are expressed in other tissues, where they have functions outside the canonical smell response. (nih.gov)
We found that individuals can be very different at the receptor levels, meaning that when we smell something, the receptors that are activated can be very different (from one person to the next) depending on your genome. (duke.edu)
To do that, we need to know which receptors are being activated by certain chemicals and the consequences of those activations in terms of how we feel and smell. (duke.edu)
CITATION: The missense of smell: functional variability in the human odorant receptor repertoire, Joel D Mainland, Andreas Keller, et al. (duke.edu)
to establish the Gai involvement in the modulation of adenylyl cyclase (AC) and to demonstrate the participation of zinc in odorant stimulated enhancement of smell. (auburn.edu)
The sense of smell is mediated through stimulation of the olfactory receptor cells by volatile chemicals. (medscape.com)

Hiroaki Matsunami led a team of scientists who systematically explored the triggers for specific odor receptors in the nose. (duke.edu)
The study didn't look at the promoter regions of the genes, which are highly variable, or gene copy number variation, which is very high in odor receptors, so the 30 percent figure for the difference between individuals is probably conservative, Matsunami said. (duke.edu)
While researchers had earlier identified the genes that encode for odor receptors, it has been a mystery how the receptors are activated, Matsunami said. (duke.edu)
There are odor receptors throughout the whole body. (dr-lobisco.com)

This olfactory receptor gene is a segregating pseudogene, where some individuals have an allele that encodes a functional olfactory receptor, while other individuals have an allele encoding a protein that is predicted to be non-functional. (nih.gov)
The functional insect odorant receptor complex consists of the common co-receptor (ORCO) and one or more variable odorant receptor subunits that confer odor selectivity. (cosmeticsandtoiletries.com)
Heart failure is accompanied by severely impaired beta-adrenergic receptor (betaAR) function, which includes loss of betaAR density and functional uncoupling of remaining receptors. (duke.edu)
Functional desensitization of the isolated beta-adrenergic receptor by the beta-adrenergic receptor kinase: potential role of an analog of the retinal protein arrestin (48-kDa protein). (duke.edu)
An excess of SNP-level similarity was observed in class I of the MHC, and in a locus on chromosome 9 near eight consecutive functional odorant receptor genes. (biomedcentral.com)

We have recently applied the NanoString digital platform to study expression of mouse odorant receptor genes, which form with 1,200 members the largest gene family in the mouse genome. (biomedcentral.com)
Gene-wise statistical analyses of gene expression data, for which the significance relative to a fold change threshold is important, give reproducible and reliable results on NanoString data of mouse odorant receptor genes. (biomedcentral.com)

When mutating the Or83b gene, larval Drosophila do not travel towards an area of ethyl acetate which is an important odorant related to rotting fruit. (wikipedia.org)
Scholars@Duke publication: Identification of multiple odorant receptors essential for pyrethrum repellency in Drosophila melanogaster. (duke.edu)
In this study, we found that pyrethrum spatially repels and activates olfactory responses in Drosophila melanogaster, a genetically tractable model insect, and the closely-related D. suzukii which is a serious invasive fruit crop pest. (duke.edu)
We performed a forward genetic screen and identified novel neuropeptide receptors involved in controlling growth in Drosophila , and are now characterising the mechanisms by which they control growth in response to environmental signals. (edu.au)

Or83b, also known as Orco (short for "odorant receptor co-receptor"), is an odorant receptor and the corresponding gene that encodes it. (wikipedia.org)

Non-PEGylated and PEGylated zinc nanoparticles were tested by electroolfactogram with isolated rat olfactory epithelium and odorant responses evoked by the mixture of ethyl butyrate, eugenol, and (+) and (-) carvone. (nist.gov)

The researchers suggest that DEET functions as a modulator of the odor-gated ion channel formed by the insect odorant receptor complex. (cosmeticsandtoiletries.com)
While the conventional odorant receptors are highly divergent, Or83b is remarkably conserved between insect species. (ox.ac.uk)
We are studying the signalling mechanisms of the insect odorant receptors, and their evolution and functions in the pest species the Australian sheep blowfly. (edu.au)

We show that these opposing responses are driven via engagement of distinct odorant-directed signal transduction pathways within AWC. (plos.org)

Olfactory receptors are G protein-coupled receptors that serve to detect odorants in the nose. (nih.gov)
Increasing evidence highlights the importance of sniffing behavior in olfactory coding after the olfactory receptor sheet within the nose is exposed to an odor molecule (odorant). (science20.com)
A given odor will activate a suite of receptors in the nose, creating a specific signal for the brain. (duke.edu)

The valence and salience of individual odorants are modulated by an animal's innate preferences, learned associations, and internal state, as well as by the context of odorant presentation. (plos.org)
The cultured OE of different ages were exposed to charcoal-filtered air, individual odorants, and an odorant mixture of (+)carvone, (-)carvone, eugenol, and ethyl butyrate at vi varying concentrations or with varying inter pulse periods to explore the system's ability to respond to and adapt to odorant presentation. (auburn.edu)

The human olfactory receptor gene family. (nih.gov)
Veithen A, Wilkin F, Philippeau M. OR1D2 is a broadly tuned human olfactory receptor. (iiita.ac.in)

The respiratory trace (red, above) of a rat recorded during odor discriminations is overlaid on a main olfactory bulb calcium response map (below) of the odorant eugenol (from clove oil). (science20.com)

The discovery of spatial pyrethrum repellency and olfactory response to pyrethrum in D. melanogaster facilitated our identification of four odorant receptors, Or7a, Or42b, Or59b and Or98a that are responsive to pyrethrum. (duke.edu)

One proposes are that it could interact with specific odor stimuli independently of other odorant receptors (ORs). (wikipedia.org)
High frequency stimulation with inter pulse intervals of 200 ms, the EOG responses appeared to be a summative effect due to closely spaced inter stimuli intervals. (auburn.edu)
At longer durations of the inter-stimuli intervals (800 ms), adaptation was clearly apparent with the second and succeeding responses of lower amplitude than the initial response. (auburn.edu)
This trend continued until the duration of the inter-stimuli intervals reached 20 seconds, where the second and succeeding response amplitudes were equal to that of the first EOG amplitude. (auburn.edu)
In response to stimuli the sensory receptor fires off a nerve fibre which goes to the central nervous system. (mukemmellokma.com)
These categories are based on the nature of the stimuli that each receptor class transduces. (mukemmellokma.com)
The stimuli that each receptor type conveys a distinct sensory modality to integrate into a canal or sac the! (mukemmellokma.com)

After establishing a baseline, they monitored changes in behavior, stress hormones and neuronal activation in response to chronic social stress. (sciencedaily.com)

Mice use ~1000 odorant receptor types in the main olfactory system to probe chemical space. (harvard.edu)

His interests and those of his research groups have included exploring the mechanisms of ion permeation and selectivity in ion channels, the relationship between the molecular structure and the physiological function of channels, such as those of the inhibitory neurotransmitter receptor glycine channel and the olfactory cyclic nucleotide-gated channel, and investigating the factors that determine their ion permeation, selectivity and conductance. (edu.au)
This review describes OR expression in various types of cancer and the association of these receptors with various types of signaling mechanisms. (bmbreports.org)

According the article, DEET has been previously reported to either affect an insect's gustatory receptors to act as a chemorepellent or to affect an insect's olfactory system. (cosmeticsandtoiletries.com)
We have previously shown that second-messenger-dependent kinases (cAMP-dependent kinase, protein kinase C) in the olfactory system are essential in terminating second-messenger signaling in response to odorants. (duke.edu)

There are about 400 genes coding for the receptors in our noses, and according to the 1000 Genomes Project, there are more than 900,000 variations of those genes. (duke.edu)

Olfactory receptor 1393 (Olfr1393) was recently identified as a novel regulator of Na + -glucose cotransporter 1 (Sglt1) localization in the renal proximal tubule. (nih.gov)
Dendritic localization of conventional odorant receptors is abolished in Or83b mutants. (ox.ac.uk)

Our results indicate that context-dependent recruitment of alternative intracellular signaling pathways within a single sensory neuron type conveys opposite hedonic valences, thereby providing a robust mechanism for odorant encoding and discrimination at the periphery. (plos.org)
Responsiveness of G protein-coupled odorant receptors is partially attributed to the activation mechanism. (upenn.edu)
These stage-specific changes in behaviour were paralleled by changes in the responsiveness of mosquito odourant receptors, providing a possible neurophysiological mechanism for the responses. (datadryad.org)

Olfactory receptors share a 7-transmembrane domain structure with many neurotransmitter and hormone receptors and are responsible for the recognition and G protein-mediated transduction of odorant signals. (nih.gov)

The olfactory receptor gene family is the largest in the genome. (nih.gov)
Expression of a beta-adrenergic receptor kinase 1 inhibitor prevents the development of myocardial failure in gene-targeted mice. (duke.edu)
9, 2020 A team of scientists is shedding new light on the gene regulatory pathways activated by cortisol, a hormone secreted in response to stress. (sciencedaily.com)
The large number of different odorant receptors appears to arise from several gene families or subfamilies rather than from DNA rearrangement. (lookformedical.com)

G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) belong to the largest class of drug targets. (mdpi.com)
Odorant receptors (ORs) are G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) that are essential for detecting and distinguishing among odorants. (bmbreports.org)

The beta-adrenergic receptor kinase is an enzyme, possibly analogous to rhodopsin kinase, that multiply phosphorylates the beta-adrenergic receptor only when it is occupied by stimulatory agonists. (duke.edu)
Benzoxazinones as Human Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor Gamma (PPARÎ³) Agonists: A Docking Study Using Glide. (cmdm.tw)
Here we show that agonists of α2-adrenergic receptors (α2-AR) have very strong anti-tumour activity when used as monotherapies in multiple immunocompetent tumour models, including ICB-resistant models, but not in immunodeficient models. (bvsalud.org)

ethyl butyrate elicited the strongest response on average. (auburn.edu)

Bbeta-adrenergic receptor kinase-1 levels in catecholamine-induced myocardial hypertrophy: regulation by beta- but not alpha1-adrenergic stimulation. (duke.edu)
Direct evidence that Gi-coupled receptor stimulation of mitogen-activated protein kinase is mediated by G beta gamma activation of p21ras. (duke.edu)
Stimulation of Gi-coupled receptors leads to the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAP kinases). (duke.edu)
Functionally active targeting domain of the beta-adrenergic receptor kinase: an inhibitor of G beta gamma-mediated stimulation of type II adenylyl cyclase. (duke.edu)

This showed the researchers that DEET can directly interact with odorant receptors. (cosmeticsandtoiletries.com)

In contrast, antibodies raised against Gaisubunits caused a strong enhancement of the odorant-induced currents. (auburn.edu)

Incorporation of the azobenzene derivative gluazo, a synthetic photochromic ligand, into a kainate receptor allows for the optical control of neuronal activity. (cipsm.de)

The odorant receptor Or83b is not exclusively expressed in insects. (wikipedia.org)
Consistent with this cellular defect, the Or83b mutation disrupts behavioral and electrophysiological responses to many odorants. (ox.ac.uk)

Cadmium exposures inhibited behavioral responses towards L-cysteine and conspecific odorants, with effects persisting following the depuration. (cdc.gov)

The OR genes appear to be a single lineage nested within the gustatory receptor (GR) family. (wikipedia.org)
The beta-adrenergic receptor kinase 1 (beta ARK1) is a member of the G protein-coupled receptor kinase (GRK) family that mediates the agonist-dependent phosphorylation and desensitization of G protein-coupled receptors. (duke.edu)
We found significant similarity between spouses in the MHC at class I region in chromosome 6p21, and at the odorant receptor family 13 locus in chromosome 9. (biomedcentral.com)
The largest family of cell surface receptors. (nonstopneuron.com)

Chemical substances, excreted by an organism into the environment, that elicit behavioral or physiological responses from other organisms of the same species. (lookformedical.com)
This psychological influence interacts with the odorants properties to additionally alter physiological responses. (dr-lobisco.com)

This modulation depends on the specific odorant receptor and the concentration and identity of the odor ligand. (cosmeticsandtoiletries.com)

Conserved residues control activation of mammalian G Protein-coupled odorant receptors. (upenn.edu)
beta2-Adrenergic receptor regulation by GIT1, a G protein-coupled receptor kinase-associated ADP ribosylation factor GTPase-activating protein. (duke.edu)
G protein-coupled receptor activation leads to the membrane recruitment and activation of G protein-coupled receptor kinases, which phosphorylate receptors and lead to their inactivation. (duke.edu)

2022) Context-dependent reversal of odorant preference is driven by inversion of the response in a single sensory neuron type. (plos.org)

A beta-adrenergic receptor kinase-like enzyme is involved in olfactory signal termination. (duke.edu)
Chronic human heart failure is characterized by abnormalities in beta-adrenergic receptor (betaAR) signaling, including increased levels of betaAR kinase 1 (betaARK1), which seems critical to the pathogenesis of the disease. (duke.edu)
Essential role of beta-adrenergic receptor kinase 1 in cardiac development and function. (duke.edu)
The beta-adrenergic receptor kinase (beta ARK) phosphorylates its membrane-associated receptor substrates, such as the beta-adrenergic receptor, triggering events leading to receptor desensitization. (duke.edu)
Lots of adrenergic receptors (ARs) are widely present across the auditory pathways and are positioned to affect auditory and vestibular functions. (bvsalud.org)
In this study, a rat model of noise-induced hearing loss was developed to investigate the expression of α2A-adrenergic receptor (AR) after acoustic trauma, then, we investigated the expression of α2A-AR in the developing rat cochlea using immunofluorescence, qRT-PCR, and Western blotting. (bvsalud.org)
aged 20-50) to perform direct quantification of regional alpha 2 adrenergic receptors' (α2-ARs) availability in the living human brain. (bvsalud.org)

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