Responses mononuclear cells. Medical search. Frequent questions

Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated from the blood of 83 adult CF patients in stable clinical condition. (nih.gov)
C. parapsilosis -stimulated human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) produced similar quantities of tumor necrosis factor α and interleukin 6 and slightly lower amounts of interleukin 1β, compared with C. albicans-stimulated cells. (bath.ac.uk)
Our established semi-automated system allows evaluation of the structure-activity relationship using native RIPK1 in culture cell lines, and also enables estimation of drug occupancy ratio in mouse peripheral blood mononuclear cells. (nature.com)
No statistically significant differences were observed between the frailty groups in vaccine-induced modulation of leukocyte populations, cytokine responses, and gene expression profiles of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). (frontiersin.org)
The objective of this study is to explore the long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and messenger RNAs (mRNAs) expression profiles of monocyte-derived dendritic cells (DCs) obtained from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). (frontiersin.org)
The peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) have a round nucleus ( Delves, 2016 ). (frontiersin.org)
The single-cell transcriptome and chromatin accessibility datasets of peripheral blood mononuclear cells in Chinese Holstein cattle. (usda.gov)
Single-cell transcriptomic and chromatin accessibility analyses of dairy cattle peripheral blood mononuclear cells and their responses to lipopolysaccharide. (usda.gov)
We hypothesized that this poor response is associated with a reduced effect of corticosteroids to inhibit cytokine release from activated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). (nih.gov)
Flow cytometry was used to investigate the percentage of Th17 and Th1 cells in peripheral blood mononuclear cells. (spandidos-publications.com)
The results revealed that the prevalence of Th17 cells in patients with LSCC was elevated in their primary tumors, as well as in peripheral blood, compared with that in healthy controls. (spandidos-publications.com)
The present study revealed that patients with LSCC have elevated levels of Th17 cells in their primary tumors and peripheral blood compared with those in healthy controls. (spandidos-publications.com)
Phenotypic transcriptional and functional examination of the peripheral mononuclear cells revealed age-, time, and disease severity-specific adaptations. (medrxiv.org)
Vasculogenically conditioned peripheral blood mononuclear cells inhibit mouse immune response to induced pluripotent stem cell-derived allogeneic cardiac grafts. (stembook.org)
DEFA1A3-CNV was measured using droplet digital PCR after DNA extraction from peripheral blood mononuclear cells. (ecco-ibd.eu)
Chemokine/cytokine responses in immune complex triggered IFN-α activity was studied in healthy donor peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). (lu.se)
These cells expand in the periphery, causing tissue infiltration and damage due to breakdown of both central (e.g., autoimmune regulator, AIRE protein dysfunction) and peripheral (FOXP3 + deficiency) tolerance mechanisms [ 3 ]. (hindawi.com)
For example, Omenn syndrome, a typical case of impaired T-cell differentiation with abnormal self-reactive cells, is invariably characterized by autoimmune features such as generalized scaly exudative erythroderma, enlarged lymphoid tissues, and peripheral expansion of oligoclonal T-cells, in addition to increased susceptibility for severe infections [ 3 , 4 ]. (hindawi.com)
Mn, serum Mn, urine Mn, Centromere-positive micronuclei in periphery blood lymphocytes, DNA protein-crosslinks in peripheral white blood cells, oxidative stress as urinary 8OHdG, and long-term oxidative damage measured as erythrocytic superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity (measure of systemic oxidative stress) and serum malondialdehyde (MDA) (product of lipid peroxidation and reflect tissue injuries). (who.int)
Viallard et al demonstrated that, when stimulated, peripheral blood mononuclear cells of eosinophilic fasciitis patients produce significantly higher amounts of 5 cytokines, including interleukin (IL)-5 and interferon (IFN)-gamma. (medscape.com)

PBMCs stimulated with C. parapsilosis displayed a skewed T-helper cell response, producing more interleukin 10 and less interferon γ than cells stimulated with C. albicans . (bath.ac.uk)

Our main goal was to evaluate if YKL-40 can modulate the expression of major cytokines (IL-6, IL-10, IL-13) implicated in the inflammatory response in CF. A secondary goal was to explore the interactions between YKL-40 and other circulating proteins to determine the impacts on cytokine modulation. (nih.gov)
Macrophages participate in all the different phases of tissue repair: they can promote phagocytosis of cellular debris and apoptotic neutrophils and produce cytokines that may help orchestrate the healing response. (hindawi.com)
They have proinflammatory functions: they produce effector molecules (reactive oxygen and nitrogen intermediates) and inflammatory cytokines (IL-1 β , TNF α , and IL-6) and participate as inducer and effector cells in polarized Th1 responses. (hindawi.com)
The present study investigated the expression of T helper (Th)17 cytokines in patients with laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) and their clinical significance in providing new therapeutic insights. (spandidos-publications.com)
Furthermore, the proliferation of Th17 cells and Th17‑associated cytokines, including interleukin (IL)17, IL23 and RAR‑related orphan receptor γt, was analyzed by reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction. (spandidos-publications.com)
It was further demonstrated that Th17 cells could be induced and expanded in the tumor microenvironment through cytokines produced by the tumor cells. (spandidos-publications.com)
Examination of T cells showed profound lymphopenia, that worsened over time and correlated with lower levels of plasma cytokines important for T cell survival in aged patients with severe disease. (medrxiv.org)
Angiopoietin‑like protein 7 (Angptl7) is one of the main paracrine cytokines in cord blood stem cells, and is capable of stimulating human hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell expansion. (spandidos-publications.com)
Angptl7 has been shown to be one of the most abundant paracrine cytokines secreted by stem cells, which is capable of stimulating human hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell expansion ( 15 , 16 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
PTX3 is induced in response to LPS and inflammatory cytokines including TNF-alpha and IL-1 beta. (rndsystems.com)
Regulation of the inflammatory response in bacterial pneumonia depends on a complex interaction between immune cells and inflammatory cytokines. (karger.com)
CD4 and CD8 T lymphocytes play an import role in the inflammatory response, as these cells may manage the profile of cytokines produced against an infectious agent 4 . (bvsalud.org)
Progression of periodontal lesions is caused by dysregulation of molecules (cytokines) released by specific cell populations 5 . (bvsalud.org)
They can be distinguished based on the profile of cytokines produced: Th1 cells produce characteristic cytokines such as IL-2, IFN-γ, TNF-β, IL-12, while active Th2 cells secrete IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-10 and IL-136. (bvsalud.org)
These cytokines amplify the immune response, resulting in formation of mononuclear cell infiltrates and noncaseating granulomas in target organs where beryllium has deposited. (msdmanuals.com)

Largely the product of mononuclear phagocyte activation, it is unclear whether TNF-α production at disease sites is a feature of all mononuclear phagocytes that accumulate there or whether it is secreted by a subset of these cells. (ersjournals.com)
This study has demonstrated that a subset of mononuclear phagocytes, mature macrophages, are responsible for tumour necrosis factor secretion and this could have implications for targeted management in sarcoidosis in the future. (ersjournals.com)
Mononuclear phagocytes are key cells that mediate the inflammatory and innate immune response after dust exposure. (cdc.gov)

Pathologically, at an early stage, there is an influx of mononuclear cells followed by lymphocytes. (ersjournals.com)
While the autoreactive cells displayed significantly reduced Tregs numbers, the alloreactive transplacentally acquired maternal lymphocytes had high functional Tregs. (hindawi.com)
In some cases, T cells may present, as a result of residual autologous cells or transplacentally acquired maternal lymphocytes [ 1 ]. (hindawi.com)
The origin of the reactive cells in such patients are either thymic release of T-cells that expand at the periphery or transplacentally transfers of maternal T lymphocytes. (hindawi.com)
A distinctive feature of SCID patients, which sometimes can clinically resemble Omenn, [ 6 ] is the presence of alloreactive cells originated from transplacentally maternal T lymphocytes. (hindawi.com)
Toquet et al investigated the phenotype of the lesional inflammatory cell infiltrate in patients with eosinophilic fasciitis and demonstrated a predominance of macrophages, CD8 + lymphocytes, and few eosinophils. (medscape.com)

TLRs are localized in the endosomal compartment of cells, such as DCs and macrophages. (wikipedia.org)
Macrophages, which are functional plasticity cells, have the ability to phagocytize and digest foreign substances and acquire pro-(M1-like) or anti-inflammatory (M2-like) phenotypes according to their microenvironment. (frontiersin.org)
The large number of macrophages in the intestinal tract, play a significant role in maintaining the homeostasis of microorganisms on the surface of the intestinal mucosa and in the continuous renewal of intestinal epithelial cells. (frontiersin.org)
A clear understanding of the function of macrophages, as well as their role in pathogens and inflammatory response, will delineate the next steps in the treatment of intestinal inflammatory diseases. (frontiersin.org)
In this review, we discuss the origin and development of macrophages and their role in the intestinal inflammatory response or infection. (frontiersin.org)
In addition, the effects of macrophages in the occurrence and development of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and their role in inducing fibrosis, activating T cells, reducing colitis, and treating intestinal inflammation were also reviewed in this paper. (frontiersin.org)
On the other hand, phagosomes are formed when the pathogen is engulfed by macrophages and fuse with lysosomes to release enzymes and toxic substances, resulting in killing or having cytotoxic effects on bacteria and tumor cells. (frontiersin.org)
The lamina propria of the small intestine is the main site of the intestinal immune system, which contains a large number of macrophages, CD4 T cells, and dendritic cells. (frontiersin.org)
A greater number of alveolar macrophages produced TNF-α compared to autologous monocytes in sarcoidosis but not in controls and, based on cell size, it was confirmed that this was the product of more mature macrophages and that the secretion of TNF-α by monocytes and macrophages was heterogeneous: not all monocytes and macrophages secrete TNF-α. (ersjournals.com)
Indeed, several human diseases are characterized by attenuated repair responses and imbalances in the inflammatory response with increased number of infiltrating macrophages [ 3 - 5 ]. (hindawi.com)
Alternatively activated M2 macrophages comprise cells exposed to low concentrations of M-CSF in the presence of IL-4, IL-13, or IL-10. (hindawi.com)
In vivo , the identification of macrophage phenotype is complicated since macrophages are obviously exposed to a microenvironment that is more complex respect to cell culture conditions, and they display characteristics that do not conform to the in vitro defined phenotypic categories. (hindawi.com)
These features may be responsible for the recruitment and activation of T cells, macrophages and dendritic cells, characterizing the stromal component of this lymphoma, and may point towards innate immunity and a tumor tolerogenic immune response in T-cell/histiocyte-rich large B-cell lymphoma. (haematologica.org)
IFN-gamma activates tissue macrophages and T cells. (medscape.com)

We also detected changes in energy utilization and immune responses in leukocytes from older cows. (biomedcentral.com)

The gut needs to produce a strong protective immune response to resist the invasion of pathogenic antigens, while similar reactions to harmless antigens such as dietary proteins or symbiotic microorganisms, may lead to chronic inflammatory diseases. (frontiersin.org)
We previously determined that signals from the microbiota promote intestinal homeostasis by both facilitating mucosal healing and limiting the induction of inflammatory immune responses against intestinal antigens. (bcm.edu)
These include decreased or absent delayed-type hypersensitivity in some patients with HIES and decreased lymphoproliferative responses to S aureus, Candida species, and tetanus antigens. (medscape.com)
Sixty percent of cases express 1 or more T-cell antigens (CD3 + , CD43, or CD45RO). (medscape.com)

In this study, we compared the cytokine responses evoked by Candida albicans and C. parapsilosis . (bath.ac.uk)
ODE-challenged MDMs had significantly diminished cytokine responses (TNF-alpha, IL-6, and IL-10) after repeat challenge with high-dose ODE. (cdc.gov)
Cross-tolerant cytokine responses were also observed. (cdc.gov)

The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis found 16 significant regulated pathways in imDCs and 10 significant regulated pathways in mDCs, including the phagosome, cell adhesion signaling pathway, and inflammatory mediator regulation of TRP channels pathway. (frontiersin.org)
Be it for development, differentiation, stemness, or sex chromosome dosage compensation, stable, cell specific regulation of gene expression is essential for normal function ( 1 ). (aacrjournals.org)
The T-cell/histiocyte-rich large B-cell lymphoma signature is hallmarked by up-regulation of CCL8, interferon-γ, indoleamine 2,3 dioxygenase, VSIG4 and Toll-like receptors. (haematologica.org)
Intestinal Mononuclear Phagocyte Regulation of Intestinal T Cell Responses. (bvsalud.org)

There has been speculation that exposure to these microbial agents in early life could play an important role in maturation of type 1 T helper cell immune responses 9 and could inhibit the development of allergic type 2 T helper cell responses and allergic (IgE) antibody production. (bmj.com)

The manuscript is one of the first studies that have identified the pattern recognition receptors and pathways that are important for the induction of the Th17 response against Mycobacterium tuberculosis in humans. (sciencewatch.com)
During the experimental process of elucidating the pathways that are essential for the induction of the Th17 response, it became apparent that the IL-1 pathway played a dominant role in the mycobacterial-induced Th17 response in humans. (sciencewatch.com)
I was working on the fungal pathogen Candida albicans and wanted to identify the components of its cell wall, and the receptors of the human host response that were important for the development of Candida -specific Th17 responses in humans. (sciencewatch.com)
This experimental setup opened an opportunity to study the Th17 response in humans. (sciencewatch.com)

Despite its clinical importance, little is known about the human immunological response to C. parapsilosi s. (bath.ac.uk)
Immunological responses across frailty strata were also studied in terms of leukocyte cellular distribution, cytokine levels and gene expression. (frontiersin.org)
Here, we describe initial characterization of experimental infection in Syrian hamsters, including kinetics of virus dissemination and replication, and the corresponding clinical parameters, immunological responses, and histopathology. (cdc.gov)

These outcomes reveal that in women, low- to moderate-intensity aerobic trekking induces CD69 T cell activation and promotes anti-stress effects on the high-altitude-induced impairment of the immune responses and the oxidative balance. (unich.it)
Sodium butyrate induces mitophagy and apoptosis of bovine skeletal muscle satellite cells through the mammalian target of rapamycin signaling pathway. (usda.gov)
Butyrate induces modifications of the CTCF-binding landscape in cattle cells. (usda.gov)
This signal together with the T Cell Receptor (TCR) induces the expression of GATA-3. (bvsalud.org)

While the percentages of CD56 (dim) cells and their CD16 expression were lower in the chronic group, this was not statistically significant. (who.int)

The extent to which immune responses to natural infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and immunization with vaccines protect against variants of concern (VOC) is of increasing importance. (nature.com)
Accordingly, here we analyse antibodies and T cells of a recently vaccinated, UK cohort, alongside those recovering from natural infection in early 2020. (nature.com)
We show that neutralization of the VOC compared to a reference isolate of the original circulating lineage, B, is reduced: more profoundly against B.1.351 than for B.1.1.7, and in responses to infection or a single dose of vaccine than to a second dose of vaccine. (nature.com)
Previous SARS-CoV-2 infection substantially increased antibody responses after one vaccine and antibody and cellular responses remained 28-fold and 3-fold higher, respectively, after dual vaccination. (elifesciences.org)
Objectives: The overall aim was therefore, to elucidate the impact of S. mansoni infection on protective T helper immune responses on P. falciparum and S. mansoni co-infection. (scirp.org)
Methodology: This study evaluated the T helper immune responses in individuals with independent S. mansoni infection, independent P. falciparum infection, co-infection and non-infection in school attending children in a co-endemic area along Lake Victoria shores, Uganda. (scirp.org)
S. mansoni infection is a major contributor of a reduced effective T helper immune response against P. falciparum in P. falciparum and S. mansoni co-infection. (scirp.org)
This study captures the longitudinal immune response to SARS-CoV-2 infection in a cohort of young and aged patients with varying disease severity. (medrxiv.org)
In summary, the data presented here provide novel insights into the impact of aging on the host response to SARS-CoV2 infection. (medrxiv.org)
This paper has particularly focused on Th17 cells, which are called "17" since they produce the cytokine called IL-17, which recruits immune cells such as neutrophils to the site of inflammation and regulates these proinflammatory cells at the site of infection. (sciencewatch.com)
Bacterial infection of the lower respiratory tract initiates an acute inflammatory response. (karger.com)
Our results confirm a potential role of NK cells and the different subsets in the pathogenesis of chronic HCV infection. (who.int)
et 20 témoins en bonne santé ne présentant pas d'infection par le virus de l'hépatite C. Une réduction importante de la fréquence des cellules tueuses naturelles totales dans le groupe des patients porteurs d'une infection chronique a été observée par rapport au groupe des témoins ( P = 0,001) ou au groupe des patients dont l'infection a connu une résolution spontanée ( P = 0,01). (who.int)
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection has impaired cellular immune response and circulating NK cells, NK subsets (in- the ability to establish chronic infection virus persistence [8]. (who.int)
The elimination or persistence (NKRs) and mediate functions of both cells and CD56+NT cells was charac- of the infection depends on a balance T cells and NK cells [13]. (who.int)
Here, we report the discovery of human monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) from the circulating memory B cells of the only known human case and survivor of SOSV infection. (cdc.gov)

Viral infections usually elicit a mononuclear cell response. (medscape.com)
Immune responsiveness declines in the elderly as a consequence of alterations in the distribution and function of immune cells with age and changes induced by chronic viral infections (such as cytomegalovirus) and inflammatory diseases ( 1 , 2 ). (frontiersin.org)
Of 2 glycoproteins on the surface of the RNA viral envelope, one mediates neuraminidase and hemagglutination activity, whereas the other is responsible for fusion to the lipid membrane of the host cell. (medscape.com)

The prevalence of Th17 cells and their receptors in patients with LSCC was studied using immunohistochemical analysis via tissue microarray technology. (spandidos-publications.com)
M. tuberculosis is recognized by some of the same receptors as C. albicans and by using the same approach as with the C. albicans -induced Th17, I was able to identify the major pathways involved in the induction of the MTB-specific Th17 response. (sciencewatch.com)
Differentiation into Th1 depends on the presence of IFN-γ and IL-12, which bind to receptors on the surface of CD4 T cells 5 . (bvsalud.org)

Dendritic cells (DCs), which are the most important antigen-presenting cells (APCs) that send signals to the T cells, mainly participate in the pathogenesis of many diseases with immunoregulatory mechanisms, such as AR. (frontiersin.org)
Kinnebrew MA, Buffie CG, Diehl GE, Zenewicz LA, Leiner I, Hohl TM, Flavell RA, Littman DR, Pamer EG " Interleukin 23 production by intestinal CD103(+)CD11b(+) dendritic cells in response to bacterial flagellin enhances mucosal innate immune defense . (bcm.edu)

Notably, autologous cord blood mononuclear cells (ACBMNCs) can substantially prevent severe BPD and decrease the inflammatory response in surviving very preterm neonates. (spandidos-publications.com)
Our previous study demonstrated that autologous cord blood mononuclear cells (ACBMNCs), which are rich in stem cells, could substantially prevent moderate or severe BPD in surviving very preterm neonates, and that the immunomodulatory effect of MNCs contributed in mitigating the severity of BPD ( 13 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
Residual autologous T cells are usually emerging from partial thymic maturation impairment such as in the case of Major histocompatibility complex class II (MHC-II) deficiency. (hindawi.com)

In conclusion, Th17 cells have a substantial impact on the carcinogenesis of LSCCs, and could serve as a potential therapeutic target to modulate the anti‑tumor response in these carcinomas. (spandidos-publications.com)
Considering these facts, it could be concluded that pro-inflammatory Th17 cells may have extensive effects on LSCC pathogenesis and anti-tumor response. (spandidos-publications.com)
The aggressive T-cell/histiocyte-rich large B-cell lymphoma and the indolent nodular lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin's lymphoma are both characterized by a paucity of tumor cells embedded in an overwhelming background. (haematologica.org)
The tumor cells of both lymphomas share several characteristics, while the cellular composition of their microenvironment is clearly different. (haematologica.org)
8 , 10 - 12 Recently, genome-wide analysis of isolated tumor cells from NLPHL and THRLBCL revealed further similarities between the tumors cells of the two lymphomas. (haematologica.org)
Gene expression profiling of lymphomas clearly illustrated that apart from the characteristics of the tumor cells, the microenvironment of the tumor also defines the profile of the lymphoma, and, more importantly, plays a role in predicting the prognosis. (haematologica.org)
ALCL was recognized in 1985, when tumor cells consistently demonstrated labeling by the monoclonal antibody Ki-1, a marker later shown to recognize the CD30 antigen. (medscape.com)

PTX3 acts as a pattern recognition receptor with non-redundant roles in the innate immune response to several microbial agents including the fungal pathogen Aspergillus fumigatus. (rndsystems.com)

Cluster of differentiation (CD) 4 + T cells are essential organizers of cell-mediated immunity, participating in each stage of the immune response. (spandidos-publications.com)
Alpha-defensin 1-3 (DEFA1A3) is an antimicrobial peptide found in phagocytic cells such as neutrophils, functioning as an effector factor in innate immunity. (ecco-ibd.eu)
In addition to immune defects that affect IgE synthesis, defects of cell-mediated immunity have also been reported, consistent with impaired TH 1 responses. (medscape.com)

IL-6 and IL-13 are coexpressed, but this response was different in male and female patients. (nih.gov)
Patients with severe asthma have a poor therapeutic response to corticosteroid therapy, and corticosteroid responsiveness cannot be easily measured in these patients. (nih.gov)
miRNAs can help increase the accuracy of diagnosis, identify patients at risk of developing schizophrenia, and possibly predict drug response. (psychiatrist.com)
Gene expression signatures within memory B cells suggest qualitative differences in the antibody responses in aged patients with severe disease. (medrxiv.org)
Several of these critical changes, such as the reduction of surface HLA-DR on myeloid cells, were reversed in young but not aged patients over time. (medrxiv.org)
Clinical background and white blood cell count and serological marker were collected from the medical records of included patients. (ecco-ibd.eu)
Patients with severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) may present with residual circulating T cells. (hindawi.com)
The latter includes patients with autoreactive clonal expanded T cell and patients with alloreactive transplacentally maternal T cells. (hindawi.com)
MHC-II deficient patients had slightly reduced T-cell function, normal TRECs, TCR repertoires, and normal Tregs enumeration. (hindawi.com)
In contrast, patients with reactive T cells exhibited poor T-cell differentiation and activity. (hindawi.com)
SCID patients presenting with circulating T cells show different patterns of T-cell activity and regulatory T cells enumeration that dictates the immunodeficient and autoimmune manifestations. (hindawi.com)
Moreover, while the mainstay of the diagnosis of MHC-II deficiency is the absence of constitutive and inducible expression of MHC-II molecules on all cell types, other tests for T-cell function are less informative in such patients. (hindawi.com)
In contrast, patients with self-reactive cells have significant autoimmune features in addition to their clinical and molecular immunodeficient state. (hindawi.com)
of various populations of NKR+ T cells whole blood were withdrawn from Natural killer (NK) cells are potent have been reported to be impaired in each participant on ethylenediamine- antiviral cells which eliminate the vi- chronic hepatitis C patients [16,21]. (who.int)

Her team is developing innovative culture methods for avian primary epithelial and endothelial cells to study the understanding of the host species-specificity of HPAIVs genesis. (erasmusmc.nl)
Design and Methods We collected 33 cases of T-cell/histiocyte-rich large B-cell lymphoma and 56 cases of nodular lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin's lymphoma and performed microarray gene expression profiling on ten cases of each lymphoma, to obtain a better understanding of the lymphoma host response. (haematologica.org)

Stem cells exert paracrine effects by secreting various bioactive substances. (spandidos-publications.com)

Immune responses were categorized into Th1, Th2, and Th17 based on unique cytokine(s) produced by the T helper subpopulation in ex vivo. (scirp.org)
Suboptimal T helper immune responses were detected in independent S. mansoni infections characterized by significantly down regulated Th1 (Z = -1.425, p = 0.0313) response in comparison to the non-infected group. (scirp.org)
Suboptimal T helper immune responses were also recorded in the co-infected individuals characterized by significantly down regulated Th1 (Z = -3.260, p = 0.0273) and Th2 (Z = -1.180, p = 0.0078) responses compared to independent P. falciparum . (scirp.org)
P. falciparum and S. mansoni infections initiate a T helper immune response [4] [5] , which links the innate and adaptive immune responses against the parasites. (scirp.org)
The T helper human immune response to infections can be categorized into Th1, Th2 and Th17. (scirp.org)
It has been confirmed that naïve (uncommitted) CD4 + T cells can be induced to different specific lineages according to the local cytokine, including towards T helper (Th)1, Th2, Th17 and T regulatory (Treg) cells ( 7 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
To identify new key elements that are important for this development, this study has elucidated the parts of the immune system that are important for the development of potent proinflammatory responses induced by cells of the immune system such as T helper cells. (sciencewatch.com)
T helper (Th) cells can be divided into Th1, Th2, and Th17. (sciencewatch.com)
MHC-II molecules drive the development, activation, and homeostasis of CD4 + T-helper cells. (hindawi.com)

Macrophage activation has been described as a dynamic process: the same cell may initially induce proinflammatory and cytotoxic reactions and later may take part in the resolution of inflammation and wound healing [ 9 ]. (hindawi.com)

In fact, examination of muscle biopsy specimens reveals a dramatic inflammatory infiltrate that is predominantly composed of mononuclear cells and activated T cells. (medscape.com)

Sarcoidosis is a granulomatous disease of unknown aetiology characterised by the presence of multiple epithelioid cell granulomas at disease sites. (ersjournals.com)

The cellular thermal shift assay (CETSA) has recently been reported to monitor the binding of ligand to its target protein in cells and tissue samples. (nature.com)
However, the immune response mechanisms and process of mRNA vaccine recognition by cellular sensors and the mechanism of sensor activation are still unclear. (wikipedia.org)
We determined the serological and cellular response to spike protein in 100 people aged 80-96 years at 2 weeks after the second vaccination with the Pfizer BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine. (elifesciences.org)
Spike-specific cellular immune responses were detectable in only 63% and correlated with humoral response. (elifesciences.org)
We undertook an analysis of serological and cellular immune responses to spike protein in 100 independently living people aged between 80 and 96 years who received BNT162b2 vaccine with a 3-week interval between the first and second doses. (elifesciences.org)
However, the analysis of neopterin alone neglects the cellular reactions that generate it in response to interferon-γ. (mdpi.com)
6- , 8 The rationale for this approach is based on the well recognised effects of bacteria on cellular immune responses. (bmj.com)

Interleukin (IL)17-producing Th17 cells, which are different from Th1 and Th2 cells, have been described as serving critical roles in inflammation and autoimmune diseases, as well as in cancer development ( 8 - 11 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
In addition, the LSCC microenvironment was identified as a strong Th17-cell inducer. (spandidos-publications.com)
Therefore, the Th17 response is a very potent response and could cause collateral damage if it is not tightly controlled. (sciencewatch.com)
In addition to Th1 and Th2 cells, Th17, Treg and T Fh cells have also been described 7 , Treg cells are associated with reduction of clinical scores of disease in soft and hard tissues 8 . (bvsalud.org)
Usually, protective and destructive roles are assigned to the Th1 and Th17 3,9-11 cells, while Th2 and Treg cells are more involved in processes that reduce the destruction of the periodontium 10 . (bvsalud.org)

Single cell RNA sequencing revealed augmented signatures of activation, exhaustion, cytotoxicity, and type-I interferon signaling in memory T cells and NK cells. (medrxiv.org)

The majority of the elderly subjects seroconverted for seasonal influenza upon vaccination, and importantly, influenza vaccination-induced humoral immune responses and seroprotection were similar across the frailty strata, indicating that frail individuals may also benefit from influenza vaccination. (frontiersin.org)

De Bruin ACM, Spronken MI, Bestebroer TM, Fouchier RAM, Richard M . Reduced Replication of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Virus in Duck Endothelial Cells Compared to Chicken Endothelial Cells Is Associated with Stronger Antiviral Responses. (erasmusmc.nl)

Abnormal innate and adaptive immune responses play a major role in the pathogenesis of AR. (frontiersin.org)

CD8+ T Cell Differentiation Status Correlates with the Feasibility of Sustained Unresponsiveness Following Oral Immunotherapy. (stanford.edu)
pubMedId':'36333296','pubMedUrl':'https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36333296','publicationId':'861787','title':'CD8+ T cell differentiation status correlates with the feasibility of sustained unresponsiveness following oral immunotherapy. (stanford.edu)
Indeed, early cancer research focused on the fact that neoplastic cells have aberrant gene expression and differentiation states, pointing to shared mechanisms between normal development and cancer ( 2 ). (aacrjournals.org)
CXCL4/PF4 is a predictive biomarker of cardiac differentiation potential of human induced pluripotent stem cells. (stembook.org)
This binding initiates a cascade of events that culminates in differentiation into Th1 cells, by increasing the transcription factor T-bet 12 . (bvsalud.org)
Th2 cells have a differentiation process which is dependent on IL-4, which causes the activation of the transcription factor STAT 6 . (bvsalud.org)

A decrease in T cells that express CD45RO, the marker for memory T cells, was also reported by other investigators. (medscape.com)

However, the impact of DEFA1A3 on the pathogenesis of UC, and treatment response has not been fully investigated. (ecco-ibd.eu)
Conclusions: These results indicate that the Th2 response may have a protective role during the pathogenesis of experimental periodontal disease, and that the IFN-γ R1 subunit may not be associated with periodontal disease progression. (bvsalud.org)

In general, the pathophysiology underlying eosinophilic fasciitis is postulated to involve an inflammatory response resulting in an activated inflammatory cell infiltrate of affected tissues and subsequent dysregulation of extracellular matrix production by lesional fibroblasts. (medscape.com)
In the tissues, the end effector cell of fibrosis is the fibroblast. (medscape.com)

Here we compared T-cell functions including the number of circulating CD3 + T cells, in vitro responses to mitogens, T-cell receptor (TCR) repertoire, TCR excision circles (TREC) levels, and regulatory T cells (Tregs) enumeration in several immunodeficinecy subtypes, clinically presenting with nonreactive residual cells (MHC-II deficiency) or reactive cells. (hindawi.com)

Notably, stem cell-based paracrine cytokine treatment, with its anti-inflammatory and immunoregulatory ability ( 9 , 10 ) has been regarded as a promising therapy for BPD in preclinical models and clinical studies ( 10 - 12 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
13 Despite the similarities of their malignant cells, an important difference between the two lymphomas lies in their clinical presentation and prognosis. (haematologica.org)

In response to environmental cues they display a proinflammatory (M1) or an alternative anti-inflammatory (M2) phenotype. (hindawi.com)
Taken together, the findings of these studies suggest a mechanistic framework marked by a proinflammatory and fibrogenic cytokine response with resultant tissue inflammatory cell infiltration. (medscape.com)

Of the four types, mRNA-based therapy is the only type which is based on triggering synthesis of proteins within cells, making it particularly useful in vaccine development. (wikipedia.org)
Importantly, high magnitude T cell responses are generated after two vaccine doses, with the majority of the T cell response directed against epitopes that are conserved between the prototype isolate B and the VOC. (nature.com)
Pre-existing antibodies due to natural exposure appeared to positively influence vaccine-induced antibody responses. (frontiersin.org)
However, vaccine responses are often suboptimal in this age group and few people over the age of 80 years were included in vaccine registration trials. (elifesciences.org)
Postexposure prophylaxis (PEP) with hepatitis B immune globulin (HBIG) and/or hepatitis B vaccine series should be considered for occupational exposures after evaluation of the hepatitis B surface antigen status of the source and the vaccination and vaccine-response status of the exposed person. (cdc.gov)
The identification of pathways that are important for this response could help to design a safe and effective vaccine or could be used to develop safe and novel treatment strategies against TB. (sciencewatch.com)

Subsequently, a part of the exogenous naked mRNA or complexed mRNA will go through cell-specific mechanisms. (wikipedia.org)

3] This is believed to constitute an important mechanism of resistance to topoisomerase I inhibitors in malignant cells. (cancernetwork.com)

In order to differentiate into Th1 or Th2 cells, CD4 T cells must become antigen-activated. (bvsalud.org)
Beryllium is presented to CD4 + T cells by antigen-presenting cells, principally in HLA-DP molecules. (msdmanuals.com)
Anaplastic large cell lymphomas (ALCLs) are distinguished from other lymphomas by their anaplastic cytology and constant membrane expression of the CD30 antigen (an activation marker for B or T cells). (medscape.com)

Studies sug- terized by flow cytometry using anti between the immune response and the gest that HCV inhibits receptor genes in CD3, CD56 and CD16 monoclonal virus replication rate [5] and play a cru- the activation of NK cells [20], and the antibodies. (who.int)

7,8 The lack of tests highlights the role of biological markers, which can aid in the understanding of normal biological processes, pathogenic processes, or pharmacologic responses to a therapeutic intervention. (psychiatrist.com)

Cells have built in machinery to turn off and on gene expression permanently. (aacrjournals.org)
Background Gene expression profiling has successfully identified the prognostic significance of the host response in lymphomas. (haematologica.org)
Conclusions The gene expression profile of T-cell/histiocyte-rich large B-cell lymphoma, in comparison with that of nodular lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin's lymphoma, shows features suggestive of a distinct tolerogenic host immune response that may play a key role in the aggressive behavior of this lymphoma, and that may serve as a potential target for future therapy. (haematologica.org)

Serologic assays determine the presence of an antibody response and assess differences between acute and convalescent titers. (medscape.com)

An mRNA molecule transfers a portion of the DNA code to other parts of the cell for making proteins. (wikipedia.org)
At the current time, there is insufficient evidence to assess the potential impact of immune senescence on response to the mRNA-based COVID-19 vaccines. (elifesciences.org)

Bacterial cell components appear to be driving these impaired responses. (cdc.gov)

This will allow selective manipulation of the intestinal immune system to either increase immune responses (in the case of infectious diseases) or limit them (in the case of inflammatory disorders such as IBD). (bcm.edu)

Anatomy49

Organisms17

Diseases21

Chemicals and Drugs98

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment39

Phenomena and Processes35

Disciplines and Occupations1

Information Science3

Health Care2

Peripheral20

PBMCs1

Cytokines15

Phagocytes3

Lymphocytes6

Macrophages14

Leukocytes1

Antigens4

Cytokine responses3

Regulation4

Inhibit1

Humans4

Immunological3

Induces4

Statistically significant1

Infection16

Viral3

Receptors3

Dendritic2

Autologous3

Tumor7

Innate immune r1

Immunity3

Patients14

Methods2

Substances1

Helper9

Induce1

Predominantly1

Granulomas1

Cellular7

Th175

Interferon1

Humoral1

Endothelial cells1

Role in the pathogenesis1

Differentiation6

Decrease1

Pathogenesis2

Tissues2

Mitogens1

Clinical2

Proinflammatory2

Vaccine6

Mechanisms1

Malignant cells1

Antigen3

Antibodies1

Therapeutic1

Gene expression3

Antibody response1

MRNA2

Bacterial1

Immune system1