• Importantly, activated MDMs in turn mediate strong activation of plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs), leading to the secretion of high levels of IFN-α and TNF. (nature.com)
  • This was shown to be dependent on efficient MHC II presentation by minor Clec9A-expressing DC subtypes in the environment of the Batf3 -/- mice, namely early cells of the CD8 DC lineage and the plasmacytoid-related CD8 + DC subset, but not by plasmacytoid cells themselves. (monash.edu)
  • The most common division of dendritic cells is conventional dendritic cells (a.k.a. myeloid dendritic cells) vs. plasmacytoid dendritic cell (most likely of lymphoid lineage) as described in the table below: The markers BDCA-2, BDCA-3, and BDCA-4 can be used to discriminate among the types. (wikipedia.org)
  • These subtypes include conventional dendritic cells (cDC1 and cDC2), plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs), monocyte-derived dendritic cells (moDCs), and Langerhans cells (LCs). (origene.com)
  • Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs), are round plasma-shaped cells specialized for the production of large amounts of type I and type III interferon in response to viral infection. (origene.com)
  • They discovered that both vaccines could activate a particular kind of dendritic cell (plasmacytoid), but only the trivalent vaccine could induce antiviral interferon responses in other types of dendritic cells. (jax.org)
  • Blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm (BPDCN) is a rare and aggressive disease with historically poor outcomes. (medpagetoday.com)
  • For years the disease known as BPDCN had many different names, including natural killer cell leukemia/lymphoma, and only with the discovery that the disease is derived from plasmacytoid dendritic cells was the term established as blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm by the World Health Organization in 2008, and listed as its own entity in 2016. (medpagetoday.com)
  • Blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm (BPDCN) is a malignancy derived from plasmacytoid dendritic cells. (medscape.com)
  • How much do you know about the presentation and diagnosis of blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm (BPDCN)? (medscape.com)
  • During her Master's, in the Pereira Lab, Abby identified the transcription factor combination necessary to induce plasmacytoid dendritic cell identify from fibroblasts. (lu.se)
  • These cells, including macrophages and neutrophils, were found to provide a rapid response to virtually all pathogens and to initiate inflammation at sites of local infection. (aacrjournals.org)
  • In fact, in patients suffering from severe COVID-19, massive infiltration of proinflammatory immune cells, including activated macrophages, was detected in infected lung tissue. (nature.com)
  • Analysis of the tumor-infiltrating myeloid populations at days 3, 7, and 14 post tumor inoculation revealed that the majority of myeloid cells were macrophages, which far outnumbered cross-presenting dendritic cells (DCs). (acir.org)
  • Most intratumoral PD-L1 + myeloid cells were macrophages (~75%), while cross-presenting DCs accounted for less than 2% of this population by day 14 post tumor inoculation. (acir.org)
  • Together, these results indicated that despite their lower frequency, DCs played a bigger, and crucial role as a source of PD-L1 in PD-L1/PD-1 regulation of the antitumor response compared with the more abundant macrophages. (acir.org)
  • Furthermore, PD-L1/B7-1 interactions in cis on DCs, but not on macrophages, played a role in limiting PD-1 signaling and in activating T cells. (acir.org)
  • Kupffer cells, hepatic stellate cells and sinusoidal endothelium) and infiltrating leukocytes (e.g., monocytes, monocyte-derived macrophages, neutrophils and lymphocytes). (mdpi.com)
  • Two decades later, pioneering studies suggested that lectin-like molecules constitutively expressed on the surface of macrophages can selectively recognize changes on glycans decorating the surface of apoptotic thymocytes, 4 , 5 although these studies likewise did not provide substantial insight into the mechanisms by which lectin-glycan interactions regulate cell death. (nature.com)
  • Most tissues harbor resident mononuclear phagocytes, that is, dendritic cells and macrophages. (hindawi.com)
  • Mononuclear phagocytes are a group of phenotypic distinct members, often referred to as either macrophages or dendritic cells (DC), that derive from myeloid precursors and that contribute to the functions of peripheral tissues [ 1 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • In this paper we apply the tissue-centric perspective to discuss the role of resident and infiltrating macrophages and dendritic cells in different organs. (hindawi.com)
  • Macrophages and dendritic cells can produce 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D within the microenvironment. (springer.com)
  • RESULTS: CD4-Eff cells, CD8-Eff cells and M1 macrophages were the most abundant immune cells invading the tumour cell compartment and indicated a patient group with a favourable prognosis in the cluster analysis. (lu.se)
  • The mucosal immune system is uniquely regulated to manage its constant exposure to viruses, parasites, and bacterial antigens, all of which are in close proximity to a large reservoir of lymphocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells. (medscape.com)
  • We now understand that adaptive immunity is the purview of a second set of leukocytes, T and B lymphocytes, which are responsible not only for antibody production but also for the generation of T cells that can directly identify and kill host cells infected by pathogens (e.g., viruses). (aacrjournals.org)
  • For the activation of CD4 + T-helper lymphocytes, dendritic cells were further incubated with the PAN-DR-binding peptide PADRE. (aacrjournals.org)
  • Isolation of T cell clones by limiting dilution from tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) permitted functional validation regarding neoantigen specificity. (nih.gov)
  • Using tumor cells constitutively expressing a cytomegalovirus (CMV) antigen, we show that expansion of CMV-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) restricted by DCs' MHC class I molecules was higher when DC-tumor hybrids were the stimulators. (ox.ac.uk)
  • T lymphocytes recovered from immunized mice injected with the adenoviral vector (ad-vIL-10) were unable to transfer the DTH response, but were not inhibitory. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Paradoxically, while we have known for a long time the key role played by these cells in the activation of B and T lymphocytes, and we identified the sensors that allow them to detect danger signals emitted by pathogens, operation of this interface remains partly a mystery. (univ-mrs.fr)
  • To deliver these immunological instructions, antigen (in practice a peptide a few amino acids in length) is not presented in isolation to T lymphocytes by dendritic cells but is nestled in a pocket formed by a molecule, known as the Major Histocompatibility Complex (called HLA in humans). (univ-mrs.fr)
  • Lymphocytes, B and T cells, can respond selectively to thousands of non-self materials. (lu.se)
  • CD4 and CD8 T lymphocytes play an import role in the inflammatory response, as these cells may manage the profile of cytokines produced against an infectious agent 4 . (bvsalud.org)
  • Infection of immature dendritic cells (DCs) by virus stimulates their maturation into APC. (pasteur.fr)
  • Immature dendritic cells phagocytose pathogens and degrade their proteins into small pieces and upon maturation present those fragments at their cell surface using MHC molecules. (wikipedia.org)
  • In this sequence of events, the team of Philippe Pierre and Evelina Gatti is particularly interested in the key stage of maturation of dendritic cells. (univ-mrs.fr)
  • The maturation pathway involves several stages, with differentiating cells passing through a monocyte-like stage before fully maturing into dendritic cells. (origene.com)
  • Teclistamab is a bispecific antibody that activates T cells to attack multiple myeloma cells expressing BCMA, or B cell maturation antigen. (sciencedaily.com)
  • A lack of DOCK8 protein also impairs B cell maturation and the production of certain antibodies. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Although defects may occur in many steps in B-cell development and maturation, resulting in agammaglobulinemia, the most common and well-described defect is the impaired maturation of the pro-B cells to pre-B cells. (medscape.com)
  • Functionally, cDC1 cross-present exogenous antigens to activate CD8 + T cells and can promote IL-12 dependent Th1 responses ( 1 , 5 - 7 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • Importantly, DCs also help guide the immune system to respond to foreign antigens while avoiding the generation of autoimmune responses to self. (aacrjournals.org)
  • Upon completion of this activity, the participant should understand the critical roles of dendritic cells in guiding host immune responses, and the details of how they mature, process, and present antigens. (aacrjournals.org)
  • DCs transfected with tumor-associated antigens are capable of stimulating antigen-specific T cells, but cytolytic responses have been disappointing. (duke.edu)
  • Injection of antigens coupled to antibodies against the dendritic cell (DC) surface molecule Clec9A has been shown to produce strongly enhanced antibody responses even without co-administration of adjuvants, via antigen presentation by DC on MHC class II and consequent production of follicular helper T cells. (monash.edu)
  • Here they act as antigen-presenting cells: they activate helper T-cells and killer T-cells as well as B-cells by presenting them with antigens derived from the pathogen, alongside non-antigen specific costimulatory signals. (wikipedia.org)
  • DCs present antigens to T cells and stimulate potent cytotoxic T-cell responses. (nih.gov)
  • Once the intruder has been digested, dendritic cells also expose on their surface fragments of the pathogen: the antigens. (univ-mrs.fr)
  • Here the MHC encounter antigens from pathogens or peptides from the self to orient the response of the immune system, either to mount an attack or to signal that they are harmless. (univ-mrs.fr)
  • First discovered by Ralph Steinman and Zanvil A. Cohn in the 1970s, named for their tree-like branches or "dendrites", these cells patrol our bodies, ingest pathogens, process them, and present fragments (antigens) to T-cells, thus initiating a targeted immune response [2]. (origene.com)
  • They play an essential role in the induction of adaptive immune response against infectious agents and in generating tolerance against self-antigens [3]. (origene.com)
  • cDC1: These cells are very effective at presenting antigens to CD8+ T cells, a type of cytotoxic T cell that can kill infected or cancerous cells. (origene.com)
  • cDC2: These cells are specialized in presenting antigens to CD4+ T cells, a type of helper T cell that helps coordinate the immune response. (origene.com)
  • In dendritic cells, actin regulatory proteins control the uptake and presentation of antigens, migration of antigen-bearing cells from sites of infection to lymphoid organs, and defining the outcome of T cell stimulation. (upenn.edu)
  • By using direct reprogramming strategies, I could induce the expression of tumor antigens on the surface of cancer cells, making them visible to the immune system again. (lu.se)
  • when it comes to cancer they are critical as they present tumor antigens to the killer cells of the immune system and orchestrate the anti-tumor immune response. (lu.se)
  • Potential y neoplastic cel s that of the effect increases with increasing tem to respond effectively to foreign arise natural y, or that have been dose or continuing exposure - and is antigens, including surface antigens transformed by carcinogens acting usually transient: immune function on tumour cells. (who.int)
  • Understanding the paradoxical importance of dendritic cells in immunity and tolerance will inform the development of successful cancer immunotherapies. (aacrjournals.org)
  • set out to explore the role of different myeloid cell populations in the regulation of T cell immunity and PD-1/PD-L1 blockade. (acir.org)
  • The impact of intratumoral heterogeneity (ITH) and the resultant neoantigen landscape on T cell immunity are poorly understood. (nih.gov)
  • However, spontaneous antitumor CD8+ T cell immunity in peripheral blood and tumors was restricted to a few clonal neoantigens featuring an oligo-/monoclonal T cell-receptor (TCR) repertoire. (nih.gov)
  • Our findings implicate immunological ignorance of clonal neoantigens as the basis for ineffective T cell immunity to melanoma and support the concept that therapeutic vaccination, as an adjunct to checkpoint inhibitor treatment, is required to increase the breadth and diversity of neoantigen-specific CD8+ T cells. (nih.gov)
  • Dendritic cells (DCs) are the main antigen presenting cells and therefore indispensable in both priming of protective immunity and maintaining immune tolerance to harmless antigen by inducing FoxP3+ regulatory T cells (Treg). (rwth-aachen.de)
  • Dendritic cells (DCs) bridge the connection between innate and adaptive immunity. (nih.gov)
  • How do C-type lectins tailor adaptive immunity following phagocytosis of apoptotic cells? (nature.com)
  • Bladder Cancer Extracellular Vesicles Elicit a CD8 T Cell-Mediated Antitumor Immunity. (rochester.edu)
  • Different vaccines trigger immunity through different mechanisms, and that the ability of a vaccine to induce a specific immune response in dendritic cells may compensate for the absence of adjuvants and increase the vaccine's efficacy. (jax.org)
  • Local inflammatory response in vivo was accompanied by modified systemic immunity as documented by decreased proliferation of splenic T cells. (cdc.gov)
  • To assess if DC could be responsible for modulation of systemic immunity in SWCNT-treated mice, we evaluated the ability of SWCNT-exposed DC to alter T cell responses in vitro. (cdc.gov)
  • Alexandra Gabriela Barros Ferreira defends her Ph.D. thesis "Restoring antitumor immunity with dendritic cell reprogramming strategies" on Friday, 17 November, 2023. (lu.se)
  • My Ph.D. studies have focused on restoring anti-tumor immunity with dendritic cell reprogramming strategies. (lu.se)
  • Deficiencies are highly variable with regard to symptoms, phenotype, genotype, severity, etc, because many cells and molecules are required for both natural and adaptive immunity . (lu.se)
  • Therefore, it is not surprising that GI disorders are common manifestations, and often the initial presenting symptom, in patients with dysfunction in humoral immunity or cell-mediated immunity ( Table 1 ). (medscape.com)
  • Maintaining the homeostasis of the multiple functionally distinct conventional dendritic cells (cDC) subsets that exist in vivo is crucial for regulating immune responses, with changes in numbers sufficient to break immune tolerance. (frontiersin.org)
  • How dendritic cell (DC) subsets regulate humoral immune responses. (jefferson.edu)
  • Influenza vaccines differentially regulate the interferon response in human dendritic cell subsets. (jax.org)
  • Likewise, single densities of lymphocytic subsets (CD4-Eff, CD4-Treg, CD8-Treg, B-cells and pDCs) were independently associated with longer survival. (lu.se)
  • Our results confirm a potential role of NK cells and the different subsets in the pathogenesis of chronic HCV infection. (who.int)
  • Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection has impaired cellular immune response and circulating NK cells, NK subsets (in- the ability to establish chronic infection virus persistence [8]. (who.int)
  • The objective of this study is to explore the long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and messenger RNAs (mRNAs) expression profiles of monocyte-derived dendritic cells (DCs) obtained from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). (frontiersin.org)
  • Mouse PBMCs were differentiated into immature mouse dendritic cells by culturing for 5 days in reagents included in the CellXVivo ™ Mouse Monocyte-derived Dendritic Cells Differentiation Kit. (rndsystems.com)
  • Most myeloid cells within tumors and tumor-draining lymph nodes expressed PD-L1 without co-expressing B7-1 (but still expressing B7-2, which does not interact in cis with PD-L1), thus leaving plenty of PD-L1 free to interact with PD-1 on T cells. (acir.org)
  • Interestingly, however, mature DCs in NSCLC tumors had the highest level of PD-L1 (and B7-1) expression on a per cell basis among intratumoral myeloid populations. (acir.org)
  • Conventional dendritic cells (cDCs), also known as myeloid dendritic cells or classical dendritic cells, are a type of antigen-presenting cell (APC), cDCs originate from hematopoietic stem cells, specifically from the common myeloid progenitor in the bone marrow. (origene.com)
  • Immunization with a lentivector that targets tumor antigen expression to dendritic cells induces potent CD8+ and CD4+ T-cell responses. (ox.ac.uk)
  • They also upregulate CCR7, a chemotactic receptor that induces the dendritic cell to travel through the blood stream to the spleen or through the lymphatic system to a lymph node. (wikipedia.org)
  • By looking under the microscope at the behavior of MHC molecules in dendritic cells we found that the addition of microbial products induces dramatic changes in all cells in our culture," says Evelina Gatti, co-leader on this team subject. (univ-mrs.fr)
  • This signal together with the T Cell Receptor (TCR) induces the expression of GATA-3. (bvsalud.org)
  • And one year later, the patients were showing signs of a modified immune response to the donor liver, said senior researcher Angus Thomson , a professor of immunology and surgery at the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Abnormal innate and adaptive immune responses play a major role in the pathogenesis of AR. (frontiersin.org)
  • DCs link the innate and adaptive immune responses. (frontiersin.org)
  • Dendritic cells (DCs) are key mediators of both innate and adaptive immune responses. (rndsystems.com)
  • Vitamin D receptors are expressed on the principal cell populations involved in the innate and adaptive immune responses. (springer.com)
  • PD-1 axis blockade has been proven time and again to be a successful immunotherapy for a wide variety of cancer types, and it is assumed to work by reversing or preventing T cell exhaustion. (acir.org)
  • Scholars@Duke publication: CD40 ligand is essential for generation of specific cytotoxic T cell responses in RNA-pulsed dendritic cell immunotherapy. (duke.edu)
  • BACKGROUND: Dendritic cell (DC)-based immunotherapy is a promising form of adjuvant therapy for high-risk tumors. (duke.edu)
  • My findings shed light on how CTL-mediated DC killing and inter-DC antigen transfer regulate immune responses and how DC vaccine regimens for immunotherapy can be improved. (wgtn.ac.nz)
  • BACKGROUND AIMS: Dendritic cell (DC)-tumor cell hybrids have been used clinically in cancer immunotherapy, but their advantage over the simple mixture of tumor cells and DCs is still a matter of controversy. (ox.ac.uk)
  • We sought to identify any biomarkers associated with the immune responses in this immunotherapy trial. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Topics could include analyzing regulation of T cell actin dynamics at the immunological synapse, analyzing actin function during antigen presentation in dendritic cells, or manipulating cytoskeletal signaling pathways to modify T cell migration during T cell immunotherapy. (upenn.edu)
  • Immunotherapy can fail in patients with cancer when certain cancer cells can hide from the immune system. (lu.se)
  • However, cDC1 can be compromised in cancer patients and some cancer cells lack these antigen-presenting proteins on their surface, impacting immunotherapy response. (lu.se)
  • As such, they are the master regulators of the immune response and serve this function by linking the microbial sensing features of the innate immune system to the exquisite specificity of the adaptive response. (aacrjournals.org)
  • It has long been appreciated that the innate and adaptive arms of the immune system must be coordinated, but it was not until the discovery of dendritic cells (DC) by Ralph Steinman at The Rockefeller University in the early 1980s that we truly understood conceptually how the immune system functions as a coherent unit. (aacrjournals.org)
  • Once activated, they migrate to the lymph nodes, where they interact with T cells and B cells to initiate and shape the adaptive immune response. (wikipedia.org)
  • For discovering the central role of dendritic cells in the adaptive immune response, Steinman was awarded the Albert Lasker Award for Basic Medical Research in 2007 and the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2011. (wikipedia.org)
  • Overall, 85% of patients had either a T-cell response or an antibody response against survivin," said Locke. (medicalxpress.com)
  • Consistent with in vitro observations, in mice with PD-L1-deficient MC38 colorectal tumors where only host cells were the source of PD-L1, antibody blockade of both PD-1/PD-L1 and PD-L1/B7-1 interactions reduced tumor growth, while blocking only PD-L1/B7-1 interactions slightly accelerated tumor growth due to an increased availability of PD-L1. (acir.org)
  • We previously demonstrated that the combination of an allogeneic tumour-lysate dendritic cell (DC) vaccine with an anti-CD40 agonistic antibody resulted in robust antitumour responses with survival benefit in a murine PDAC model. (iozk.de)
  • This study will determine the safety of DC/anti-CD40 agonistic antibody combination treatment, and treatment-induced tumour-specific immunological responses. (iozk.de)
  • Each TrueMAB antibody is specifically developed with full-length human proteins produced in HEK293T cells and validated for critical research and diagnostic needs requiring improved antibody sensitivity and specificity. (news-medical.net)
  • these mice did not give enhanced antibody production, confirming the response was dependent on Clec9A-expressing DC. (monash.edu)
  • However targeting of antigen to Clec9A in batf3 null mice produced enhanced antibody responses despite the marked reduction in CD8 + DC, the major Clec9A-expressing DC subtype. (monash.edu)
  • To study the production of IgA within the lungs, the researchers used mouse models to isolate specialized cells called dendritic cells and cultured them with antibody-producing B cells. (sciencedaily.com)
  • After four to five days of culture, the B cells started producing the IgA antibody in a process called "IgA class switch recombination. (sciencedaily.com)
  • In systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), many genetic-susceptibility factors, environmental triggers, antigen-antibody responses, B-cell and T-cell interactions, and immune clearance processes interact to generate and perpetuate autoimmunity. (medscape.com)
  • However, murine models, including knockout and transgenic mice, have been useful in understanding the mechanisms of B lymphopoiesis, B-cell differentiation, and antibody formation. (medscape.com)
  • 1) Antibody deficiency disorders are defects in immunoglobulin-producing B cells . (lu.se)
  • 3) T cell deficiencies result usually in combined immunodeficiencies (CIDs), where both T cells and antibody production are defective. (lu.se)
  • The cellular or innate immune system was first described by the pathologist Elie Metchnikoff who recognized the existence of cells in the blood and tissues whose role was to identify, capture, and destroy invading pathogens. (aacrjournals.org)
  • The rapid activation of effector T cells by antigen-presenting dendritic cells (DCs) is necessary to contain and eradicate pathogens. (wgtn.ac.nz)
  • Upon eradication of the pathogens by effector T cells, the immune response eventually resolves, and the clearance of residual antigen is necessary to prevent immune cell exhaustion or immunopathology. (wgtn.ac.nz)
  • Hiding in the entryways used by pathogens, dendritic cells locate infectious agents, ingest them and release biochemical signals to alert the first line of defensive cells in the body and draw them to the site of the infection. (univ-mrs.fr)
  • She quickly realized she was more interested in immune responses over pathogens and moved across the Atlantic to Sweden to pursue a Master's degree at Lund University. (lu.se)
  • In contrast, infection fector cells or from blockage of intra- of action associated with oncogenic with certain pathogens, such as hu- cel ular pathways essential for anti- viruses, may escape immune sur- man immunodeficiency virus type 1 gen recognition or of other elements veillance in immunosuppressed indi- (HIV-1) or malaria parasites, is per- of the immune response. (who.int)
  • To gather further knowledge on the true potential of future constructs, in particular to assess their immune-modulatory action, we evaluate carbon nanotubes interactions with human dendritic cells (DCs). (fmach.it)
  • Furthermore, the treatment landscape for myeloma is rapidly evolving, with new-generation therapies such as CAR T-cell therapy and bispecific antibodies being tested before transplant. (medicalxpress.com)
  • One group of these proteins is called immunoglobulins, or antibodies, that are produced by specialized cells called B cells. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Flu vaccines trigger the development of antibodies in key immune cells known as dendritic cells. (jax.org)
  • B cells produce proteins called antibodies, which attach to foreign particles and germs and mark them for destruction. (medlineplus.gov)
  • The DOCK8 protein is also involved in chemical signaling pathways that stimulate B cells to mature and produce antibodies. (medlineplus.gov)
  • However, a significant contributing factor is the deceptively poor inflammatory response seen in the absence of antibodies. (medscape.com)
  • In the absence of mature B cells, patients lack lymphoid tissue and fail to develop plasma cells, the cells that manufacture antibodies. (medscape.com)
  • Studies sug- terized by flow cytometry using anti between the immune response and the gest that HCV inhibits receptor genes in CD3, CD56 and CD16 monoclonal virus replication rate [5] and play a cru- the activation of NK cells [20], and the antibodies. (who.int)
  • In addition to proinflammatory cytokines, the interferon type I (IFN-I) response is a key factor in determining the outcome of COVID-19. (nature.com)
  • Interestingly, the SARS-CoV infected DCs showed low expression of antiviral cytokines (IFN-α, IFN-β, IFN-γ and IL-12p40), moderate upregulation of proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL-6) but significant upregulation of inflammatory chemokines (macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-1α/CCL3, regulated upon activation, normal T cell expressed and secreted (RANTES)/CCL-5, interferon-inducible protein of 10 kD (IP-10)/CXCL10 and monocyte chemotactic protein (MCP)-1/CCL2. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Cytokines produced by DCs can also promote the differentiation of CD4 + T helper cells as part of immune activation. (rndsystems.com)
  • Progression of periodontal lesions is caused by dysregulation of molecules (cytokines) released by specific cell populations 5 . (bvsalud.org)
  • They can be distinguished based on the profile of cytokines produced: Th1 cells produce characteristic cytokines such as IL-2, IFN-γ, TNF-β, IL-12, while active Th2 cells secrete IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-10 and IL-136. (bvsalud.org)
  • 2 To determine beta expression on in vitro and in vivo T cell priming by DCs. (dtic.mil)
  • In some respects, dendritic cells cultured in vitro do not show the same behaviour or capability as dendritic cells isolated ex vivo. (wikipedia.org)
  • We established a photoconversion-based experimental model of in vivo T cell tracking and use it to demonstrate that oral administration of cognate antigen leads to T cell migration to distinct organs, dependent on the inductive LN compartment. (rwth-aachen.de)
  • Here we use the conditional in vivo ablation of CD11c high DC to investigate the role of these cells in T-independent type 2 immune responses. (uni-luebeck.de)
  • Interestingly, we found plasma blasts to express CD11c and to be diphtheria toxin-sensitive in CD11c-diphtheria toxin receptor-transgenic mice, providing a unique tool for future analysis of in vivo aspects of plasma cell biology. (uni-luebeck.de)
  • A classification that sufficiently covers their phenotypic heterogeneity and plasticity during homeostasis and disease does not yet exist because cell culture-based phenotypes often do not match those found in vivo . (hindawi.com)
  • Why Differentiate Dendritic Cells ex vivo ? (rndsystems.com)
  • The present study provides in vivo evidence that a GSH mediated pathway underlies asthma-like eosinophilic inflammatory responses to respiratory tract isocyanate exposure. (cdc.gov)
  • In this study, we compared DC-tumor cell hybrids with the non-fused mixture of DC and tumor cells directly in their ability to induce a specific immune response. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Mechanistically, PTPN22 mediates cDC2 homeostasis in a cell intrinsic manner by restricting cDC2 proliferation. (frontiersin.org)
  • As a consequence, cDC2 dependent CD4 + T cell proliferation and T follicular helper cell responses are increased. (frontiersin.org)
  • Surprisingly, efficient CTL-mediated DC killing that completely prevented the accumulation of injected DCs in the lymph nodes did not abolish T cell proliferation, indicating that other antigen presenting cells (APCs) were inducing the residual T cell proliferation when the antigen-bearing DCs were eliminated by CTLs. (wgtn.ac.nz)
  • In the absence of direct antigen presentation by injected DCs, host DCs stimulated local T cell proliferation but did not induce a systemic effector T cell response. (wgtn.ac.nz)
  • In contrast, in the presence of efficient CTL-mediated DC killing, inter-DC antigen transfer enabled the host DCs to stimulate T cell proliferation. (wgtn.ac.nz)
  • Understanding the function of lectin-glycan recognition systems in cell death will facilitate the implementation of novel therapeutic strategies aimed at controlling unbalanced cell proliferation and survival in several pathologic conditions. (nature.com)
  • Kit-derived Mature Mouse Dendritic Cells Induce Proliferation of Allogeneic T Cells. (rndsystems.com)
  • This active form of vitamin D can inhibit immune cell proliferation, promote an anti-inflammatory cytokine profile, expand regulatory T cells, enhance glucocorticoid actions, increase glutathione production, and inhibit hepatic stellate cells. (springer.com)
  • Vitamin D inhibits proliferation and profibrotic marker expression in hepatic stellate cells and decreases thioacetamide-induced liver fibrosis in rats. (springer.com)
  • We show that CCN1 (also known as CYR61), a matricellular protein that dampens and resolves liver fibrosis, also mediates cholangiocyte proliferation and ductular reaction, which are repair responses to cholestatic injury. (jci.org)
  • Here we demonstrate that co-culturing of T cells with SWCNT- exposed DC suppressed the T cell proliferation response upon re-stimulation with freshly generated, unexposed DC. (cdc.gov)
  • When LPS-exposed DC were mixed with T cells we observed facilitated T cell proliferation. (cdc.gov)
  • Indeed, when T cells were mixed with LPS+SWCNT treated DC we observed decreased proliferation. (cdc.gov)
  • A dendritic cell vaccine administered before and after autologous stem cell transplant (ASCT) was safe and immunogenic and was associated with durable clinical responses in patients with high-risk multiple myeloma, according to research published in Clinical Cancer Research . (medicalxpress.com)
  • To produce the vaccine, the researchers engineered the patients' own dendritic cells to express survivin and induce an immune response against the protein. (medicalxpress.com)
  • Locke and colleagues designed a dendritic cell vaccine targeting a protein called survivin and tested this vaccine in a phase I clinical trial involving 13 patients with multiple myeloma. (medicalxpress.com)
  • Furthermore, the vaccine induced survivin-specific immune responses. (medicalxpress.com)
  • Our study showed that we can target survivin with a vaccine-based approach and induce immune responses, and it suggested that this strategy could ultimately help improve patient outcomes," added Locke. (medicalxpress.com)
  • As immunization with the optimal dose of the dectin-2 lentivector was similar to that stimulated by a lentivector containing a strong constitutive viral promoter, targeting antigen expression to dendritic cells can provide a safe and effective vaccine. (ox.ac.uk)
  • A new process for creating a personalized vaccine may become a crucial tool in helping patients with colorectal cancer develop an immune response against their own tumors. (news-medical.net)
  • This dendritic cell (DC) vaccine, developed at Dartmouth and described in a research paper published this week in the journal Clinical Cancer Research, was used after surgical resection of metastatic tumors to try to prevent the growth of additional metastases. (news-medical.net)
  • A trivalent flu vaccine outperforms a monovalent one produced by the same manufacturer, in part by triggering early interferon responses in the blood, according to Jackson Laboratory researchers and their collaborators. (jax.org)
  • Moreover, the trivalent vaccine triggered an early interferon response in immunized people, whereas those receiving the monovalent vaccine did not. (jax.org)
  • In the blood, mucous membranes and lymphoid organs, dendritic cells provide a dual role as sentinels, but also as conductors of the immune orchestra. (univ-mrs.fr)
  • This is the moment when the cells detect the microbes or danger, change their biological functions and begin their migration to secondary lymphoid organs. (univ-mrs.fr)
  • Dendritic cells (DCs) are bone-marrow-derived immune cells found in blood, lymphoid organs, and various tissue of the body. (origene.com)
  • Described here are some of the general requirements of in vitro test methods for skin sensitization, and progress that has been made in developing suitable approaches with particular emphasis on the utility of dendritic cell culture systems. (cdc.gov)
  • In mice GFP expression was detected in splenic dectin-2(+) cells after intravenous injection and in CD11c(+) dendritic cells in the draining lymph node after subcutaneous injection. (ox.ac.uk)
  • We show that CD11c high DC are dispensable for the initiation and maintenance of a primary immune response against the T-independent type 2 antigen (4-hydroxy-3-nirophenyl)acetyl-Ficoll. (uni-luebeck.de)
  • Conversely, nearly all CD11c(+)Her2/neu(+) hybrids expressed CD80, CD86, CD83, HLA-DR and MHC class I from both tumor cells and DCs. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Mature dendritic cells have the phenotype of CD11c + , with increased expression of B7-2/CD86, MHC class II, and CD40. (rndsystems.com)
  • Early and strong interferon type I (IFN-I) responses are usually associated with mild COVID-19 disease, whereas persistent or unregulated proinflammatory cytokine responses are associated with severe disease outcomes. (nature.com)
  • Cell phenotype was evaluated by flow cytometry and antigen-presenting ability by co-culture with syngeneic T cells followed by tetramer analysis and interferon (IFN)-γ ELISPOT. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Our team was also able to show that brain and DC-associated LAMP associated molecule (BAD-LAMP, C20orf103, LAMP5) is a chaperone for endocytic toll-like receptors (TLR) specifically expressed in the human type-I Interferon producing plasmacytoïd dendritic cells, which are specialized in the detection of nucleic acids potentially of viral or bacterial origin. (univ-mrs.fr)
  • Dendritic cell vaccinations were done s.c. every 2 weeks for four times and repeated monthly until tumor progression. (aacrjournals.org)
  • Blocking both interactions increased the number of tumor-infiltrating CD8 + T cells, including CD8 + T cells specific for the tumor neoantigen M86. (acir.org)
  • Mature dendritic cell (mDC) vaccination with tumor-encoded amino acid-substituted (AAS) peptides revealed diverse neoantigen-specific CD8+ T responses, each composed of multiple TCR clonotypes. (nih.gov)
  • Dendritic-tumor cell hybrids induce tumor-specific immune responses more effectively than the simple mixture of dendritic and tumor cells. (ox.ac.uk)
  • METHODS: Hybrids were obtained by electrofusion of tumor cells and monocyte-derived DCs. (ox.ac.uk)
  • CONCLUSIONS: These data show the superiority of DC-tumor cell hybrids over their simple mixture as T-cell stimulators. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Thus, these data offer further support for cancer immunotherapeutic approaches using DC-tumor cell hybrids. (ox.ac.uk)
  • For example, when a cytotoxic T cell recognizes a tumor cell for lysis, specific receptor interactions trigger capping of the cortical actin cytoskeleton, creating a specialized membrane domain that is important for T cell signaling events leading to lysis of the tumor cell. (upenn.edu)
  • began by exploring how disrupting this interaction would affect the endogenous antitumor response. (acir.org)
  • Together, these experiments showed that PD-L1 expression on antigen-presenting cells (APCs) played a role in antitumor T cell responses via PD-1 interactions. (acir.org)
  • Invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells possess potent antitumor effects after activation with a specific glycolipid antigen, α-galactosylceramide (αGalCer). (elsevierpure.com)
  • In humans, pDCs can be identified by the expression of several specific cell surface proteins, including CD123 (the IL-3 receptor alpha chain), BDCA-2, and BDCA-4. (origene.com)
  • They take up foreign proteins, break them down, and present the fragments (peptides) to other immune cells to stimulate an immune response, Locke explained. (medicalxpress.com)
  • For years, science has generally considered the phosphorylation of proteins -- the insertion of a phosphorous group into a protein that turns it on or off -- as perhaps the factor regulating a range of cellular processes from cell metabolism to programmed cell death. (news-medical.net)
  • Glycans, either alone or complexed with glycan-binding proteins, can deliver intracellular signals or control extracellular processes that promote initiation, execution and resolution of cell death programs. (nature.com)
  • Herein, we review the role of glycans and glycan-binding proteins as essential components of the cell death machinery during physiologic and pathologic settings. (nature.com)
  • At that time, glycobiology, which is the study of carbohydrates and their recognition by motif-specific carbohydrate-binding proteins or lectins, lagged far behind the studies that defined the structural and cellular biology of cell death. (nature.com)
  • Proteins of current interest in the lab include WASP, an actin regulatory protein involved in immunodeficiency disease, HS1, a related protein implicated in autoimmune disease, and Crk family adapter proteins, proteins that control T cell adhesion and migration. (upenn.edu)
  • GEFs turn on (activate) proteins called GTPases, which play an important role in chemical signaling within cells. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Signaling stimulated by DOCK family proteins are typically involved in the arrangement of the structural framework inside cells (the cytoskeleton). (medlineplus.gov)
  • By controlling the shape of the cytoskeleton, DOCK family proteins play a role in cell structure and movement (migration). (medlineplus.gov)
  • Intestinal and hepatic dendritic cells in the induction of tolerogenic response. (rwth-aachen.de)
  • Vitamin D deficiency has been commonly present in patients with immune-mediated liver and non-liver diseases, and it has been associated with histological severity, advanced hepatic fibrosis, and non-response to conventional glucocorticoid therapy in autoimmune hepatitis. (springer.com)
  • Vitamin D ameliorates stress ligand expression elicited by free fatty acids in the hepatic stellate cell line LX-2. (springer.com)
  • CCN1 also induced Jag1 expression in hepatic stellate cells, whereupon they interacted with hepatic progenitor cells to promote their differentiation into cholangiocytes. (jci.org)
  • This lentivector expressed a green fluorescent protein (GFP) transgene in mouse bone marrow-derived dendritic cell cultures and in human skin-derived Langerhans and dermal dendritic cells. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Dendritic cells are present in tissues that are in contact with the body's external environment, such as the skin (where there is a specialized dendritic cell type called the Langerhans cell), and the inner lining of the nose, lungs, stomach and intestines. (wikipedia.org)
  • citation needed] Dendritic cells were first described by Paul Langerhans (hence Langerhans cells) in the late nineteenth century. (wikipedia.org)
  • To initially investigate a model system, the researchers generated Jurkat cells with chimeric receptors comprising an extracellular PD-1 domain, an intracellular human CD3ζ signaling chain, and a luciferase reporter gene. (acir.org)
  • Simultaneously, they upregulate cell-surface receptors that act as co-receptors in T-cell activation such as CD80 (B7.1), CD86 (B7.2), and CD40 greatly enhancing their ability to activate T-cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • Notably, T cell homing correlated to a site-specific expression of chemotactic receptors. (rwth-aachen.de)
  • DCs express a wide range of receptors for the recognition of conserved pathogen patterns as well as the induction of subsequent immune responses. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Glycosylation of classical death receptors fine-tunes cell death programs. (nature.com)
  • BAD-LAMP allows the addressing of TLR receptors in intracellular compartments that specifically define the out-put of the signals emitted by these receptors and therefore drives the type of immune response adapted to the detected microbial threat. (univ-mrs.fr)
  • It binds to CD2 and 2B4 (CD244) receptors to activate and modulate the immunologic response. (bvsalud.org)
  • Differentiation into Th1 depends on the presence of IFN-γ and IL-12, which bind to receptors on the surface of CD4 T cells 5 . (bvsalud.org)
  • Dendritic cells (DCs) are specialized antigen presenting cells that instruct T cell responses through sensing environmental and inflammatory danger signals. (frontiersin.org)
  • Under polarizing inflammatory conditions, cDC2 induce Th2 responses in the lung ( 9 , 10 ), drive Th17 responses through IL-23 secretion ( 11 - 17 ), and initiate SIRPα dependent induction of T follicular helper cells (T FH ) and germinal center (GC) formation ( 18 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • Fibrotic livers are characterized by an inflammatory microenvironment that is composed of various immunologically active cells, including liver-resident populations (e.g. (mdpi.com)
  • The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis found 16 significant regulated pathways in imDCs and 10 significant regulated pathways in mDCs, including the phagosome, cell adhesion signaling pathway, and inflammatory mediator regulation of TRP channels pathway. (frontiersin.org)
  • Asthma results from complex interactions among inflammatory cells, their mediators, airway epithelium and smooth muscle, and the nervous system. (medscape.com)
  • Together, the data support a possible thiol mediated transcarbamoylating mechanism linking MDI exposure to pathogenic eosinophilic inflammatory responses. (cdc.gov)
  • Immune-related gastrointestinal diseases can be classified as those that develop primarily via autoimmunity, infection, an inflammatory response, or malignancy. (medscape.com)
  • In comparison, cDC2s are potent activators of CD4 + T cells ( 8 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • Lentivectors stimulate potent immune responses to antigen transgenes and are being developed as novel genetic vaccines. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Overall, the present study describes a novel and potent pathway of pDC activation that is linked to the macrophage-mediated clearance of infected cells. (nature.com)
  • of various populations of NKR+ T cells whole blood were withdrawn from Natural killer (NK) cells are potent have been reported to be impaired in each participant on ethylenediamine- antiviral cells which eliminate the vi- chronic hepatitis C patients [16,21]. (who.int)
  • In contrast, blocking only the PD-L1/B7-1 interactions led to a smaller increase in CD8 + T cells, and no increase in M86-specific CD8 + T cells. (acir.org)
  • 10 Galectins can function inside the cells by modulating signaling pathways, 11 although they also act extracellularly by establishing multivalent interactions with cell surface glycans and delivering signals that lead to disruption of cellular homeostasis. (nature.com)
  • We discuss here the contribution of glycan-lectin interactions to the initiation, execution and resolution of apoptosis and their emerging roles in other cell death programs including autophagy. (nature.com)
  • DC and niche cells interactions. (jefferson.edu)
  • Newer strategies recognize the close biologic interactions between the skeletal cells and the immune cells. (medscape.com)
  • Optimal protection from HSV-1 infection provided by interactions between innate and acquired immune responses. (drexel.edu)
  • Our long-term goals in the lab are to understand how receptor-ligand interactions at the cell surface trigger remodeling of the cytoskeleton, and how the cytoskeleton in turn affects the immune response. (upenn.edu)
  • SWCNT-induced inflammation facilitated the recruitment of dendritic cells (DC) to the lung tissues, increasing chances of direct DC/SWCNT interactions. (cdc.gov)
  • We can speculate that SWCNT exposure may intervene with antigen capture/processing and/or presentation, thereby leading to compromised DC/T cell interactions. (cdc.gov)
  • However, in addition to directed homing, we found that a large proportion of T cells activated by oral antigen adopted a LN-resident phenotype. (rwth-aachen.de)
  • Here, we mapped metabolomic and lipidomic signatures associated with the activation phenotype of human conventional DC type 1, a DC subset specialized in cross-presentation and therefore of major importance for the stimulation of CD8 + T cells. (nih.gov)
  • A more tissue-centric view of these processes, claiming that the tissues define phenotype and function of resident and infiltrating immune cells to meet tissues needs during homeostasis and disease, seems provocative [ 4 , 5 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • CTL-mediated DC killing prevented antigen-bearing DCs from stimulating naive CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in the draining lymph nodes. (wgtn.ac.nz)
  • Once they have come into contact with a presentable antigen, they become activated into mature dendritic cells and begin to migrate to a lymph node. (wikipedia.org)
  • To address this, we examined if DCs of SI, colon and liver are able to pick up orally delivered antigen, migrate to draining lymph nodes (LNs) and activate T cells to become Treg. (rwth-aachen.de)
  • Dendritic cells (DCs) recovered from the draining lymph nodes of mice injected with ad-vIL-10 behaved similarly. (elsevierpure.com)
  • While the skin is the most commonly involved site of the disease (usually presenting as dark and purplish skin lesions) it can progress with bone marrow involvement and a decrease in red blood cell, white blood cell, and platelet counts, as well as possible lymph node and spleen involvement, and the involvement of other extramedullary organs. (medpagetoday.com)
  • Now researchers report that microbiota regulate the ability of lung dendritic cells to generate immune responses. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Microbiota--the trillions of bacteria that co-exist in the body--regulate the ability of lung dendritic cells to generate immune responses, according to a study led by researchers from the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, published online in the Journal of Experimental Medicine . (sciencedaily.com)
  • Serial dilutions of TNF-α-treated mature dendritic cells were incubated with allogeneic mouse T cells for 3 days. (rndsystems.com)
  • Of 23 patients in the study, 52% had at least two prior therapies, 52% had received prior intensive therapies, 22% had prior allogeneic stem cell transplant, and 43% had prior exposure to tagraxofusp. (medpagetoday.com)
  • Thus, organ- and disease phase-specific microenvironments determine macrophage and dendritic cell heterogeneity in a temporal and spatial manner, which assures their support to maintain and regain homeostasis in whatever condition. (hindawi.com)
  • In humans and mice, conventional dendritic cells are divided into two main subtypes: cDC1 and cDC2, each with distinct functions and markers [2]. (origene.com)
  • In 2018, our research group identified the three transcription factors that allow us to convert fibroblasts, for example from the skin, into type 1 conventional dendritic cells (cDC1). (lu.se)
  • A phase I trial was conducted to evaluate the feasibility, safety, and efficacy of a dendritic cell-based vaccination in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC). (aacrjournals.org)
  • The peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) have a round nucleus ( Delves, 2016 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • We extended the previous study and performed a microarray-based gene expression analysis using peripheral blood CD56 + cells and CD56 - CD3 + T cells from patients enrolled in the above-mentioned clinical study. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Maintenance of cDC homeostasis is crucial for regulating immune responses, with deregulation resulting in infection and autoimmunity ( 19 - 22 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • Relatively little is known about how secreted factors modify the early response to virus infection. (pasteur.fr)
  • These findings suggest that a high infection rate by SARS-CoV-2 may lead to exaggerated cytokine responses, which may contribute to tissue damage and severe disease. (nature.com)
  • Different stages of pathogenic infection were investigated: (i) colonization of the mucus layer, and (ii) adhesion to and (iii) invasion of the epithelial cells. (cranberryinstitute.org)
  • T cells and NK cells recognize and attack foreign invaders, such as viruses, to prevent infection. (medlineplus.gov)
  • It also aids in the movement of these immune system cells to sites of infection, particularly the skin. (medlineplus.gov)
  • In this study, formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues from a previous experiment in which KASV infection was confirmed in 18 experimentally infected ERBs were used for an in-depth analysis using histopathology, in situ hybridization (ISH) for detection of viral RNA, immunohistochemistry (IHC) to assess the mononuclear phagocyte system response, and quantitative digital image analysis to investigate virus clearance from the liver and spleen within a spatial context. (cdc.gov)
  • et 20 témoins en bonne santé ne présentant pas d'infection par le virus de l'hépatite C. Une réduction importante de la fréquence des cellules tueuses naturelles totales dans le groupe des patients porteurs d'une infection chronique a été observée par rapport au groupe des témoins ( P = 0,001) ou au groupe des patients dont l'infection a connu une résolution spontanée ( P = 0,01). (who.int)
  • The elimination or persistence (NKRs) and mediate functions of both cells and CD56+NT cells was charac- of the infection depends on a balance T cells and NK cells [13]. (who.int)
  • A similar PD-L1 expression distribution was observed in RNASeq data from human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) tumors. (acir.org)
  • Analysis of T cell responses at day 10 post inoculation revealed increased frequency and number of CD8 + T cells within PD-L1-deficient MC38 tumors of PD-L1 KO and PD-L1 ΔDC mice compared to WT controls. (acir.org)
  • Combination of NKG2A and PD-1 Blockade Improves Radiotherapy Response in Radioresistant Tumors. (rochester.edu)
  • Dendritic cells that circulate in blood do not have all the typical features of their counterparts in tissue, i.e. they are less mature and have no dendrites. (wikipedia.org)
  • In the absence of functional Btk, mature B cells that express surface Ig and the marker CD19 are few to absent. (medscape.com)
  • A new study reports that dendritic cells actively shape the CCL19 chemokine gradient to which they respond and that the chemokine receptor CCR7 both senses CCL19 and mediates its internalisation. (bvsalud.org)
  • We found SI DCs to be most efficient in metabolising vitamin A derivatives which enhances their capacity to induce the retinoic acid (RA) dependent gut-homing factors CC type motif chemokine receptor (CCR) 9 and integrin alpha 4 beta 7 (Intα4β7) on newly activated T cells. (rwth-aachen.de)
  • Thus, recently activated T cells that had migrated to the SI, colon and liver expressed high levels of CCR9, G protein coupled receptor (GPR) 15 and CXC-type motif chemokine receptor (CXCR) 3 respectively, suggesting a directed migration process to specific tissues orchestrated during T cell differentiation. (rwth-aachen.de)
  • In the current study, we focused on the receptor responses in SARS-CoV infected DCs and compared adult and cord blood (CB) DCs to establish possible explanation for the age dependent severity of SARS. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Aim: To evaluate the involvement of Th2 cells in different periods of the active phase of experimental periodontal disease and expression of the R1 subunit of the receptor for IFN-γ during the early and advanced progression of the disease. (bvsalud.org)
  • RESULTS: Less than half the cells in the mixture expressed DC co-stimulatory molecules. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Hybrids expressed more co-stimulatory and MHC molecules, induced higher antigen-specific T-cell expansion and were the only cells able to induce IFN-γ-producing antigen-specific T cells. (ox.ac.uk)
  • The surface of the living cells is decorated by a complex layer of glycosylated molecules that store relevant biological information. (nature.com)
  • Logically, the team is interested in finding out whether and by what means the dendritic cell redirects the transport of MHC molecules depending on the nature of microbial products that it has detected. (univ-mrs.fr)
  • Initially on the inside of the cells, MHC molecules were suddenly exposed on the outside of the cell. (univ-mrs.fr)
  • We tried to understand how the dendritic cell organized trafficking of MHC molecules. (univ-mrs.fr)
  • Dendritic cell activation (MHC II molecules in green, Lysosomes in red, nuclei in grey). (univ-mrs.fr)
  • This allows the molecules to have a "ticket" for restricted access into specialized compartments of the cell. (univ-mrs.fr)
  • Change in the distribution of MHC class II molecules within a dendritic cell in the presence (top) or absence (bottom) of the ubiquitin ligase MARCH1. (univ-mrs.fr)
  • A particular PID can be caused by defects in any one of several molecules that are required for certain responses, because a defect in any of the sequential steps can impair the system. (lu.se)
  • In mice, they express the cell surface protein XCR1, while in humans, they can be identified by the presence of CD141 (or BDCA-3). (origene.com)
  • Nanomaterials interact with cells and modify their function and biology. (fmach.it)
  • Dendritic cells are an essential component of the immune system. (medicalxpress.com)
  • To increase the number of survivin peptides presented to the immune system, and therefore the likelihood of triggering a survivin-specific response, Locke and team engineered the dendritic cells to express a version of the entire protein, with a mutation to increase safety without compromising immunogenicity. (medicalxpress.com)
  • A dendritic cell (DC) is an antigen-presenting cell (also known as an accessory cell) of the mammalian immune system. (wikipedia.org)
  • A DC's main function is to process antigen material and present it on the cell surface to the T cells of the immune system. (wikipedia.org)
  • [ 1 ] All implanted materials can be recognized by the patient's immune system as foreign bodies causing cellular and tissue immune responses. (medscape.com)
  • Previous strategies to avoid the negative results of the immune response to implants primarily involved hiding the implant from the immune system by using relatively inert or biocompatible implants to prevent or mitigate the negative aspects of chronic inflammation. (medscape.com)
  • The DOCK8 protein is found most abundantly in cells of the immune system. (medlineplus.gov)
  • This protein plays a critical role in the survival and function of several types of immune system cells, including T cells, NK cells, and B cells. (medlineplus.gov)
  • The protein is also involved in the normal development and survival of other types of immune system cells. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Her research involves direct reprogramming approaches, which function like a Trojan horse, enabling cancer cells to be targeted by the immune system. (lu.se)
  • Direct reprogramming strategies with cDC1-specific factors can induce antigen-presentation in cancer cells, making cancer cells visible to the immune system and easier to fight. (lu.se)
  • A week before the transplant, the recipient receives an infusion of specific immune system cells from the donor -- ones that, in theory, could tone down any immune system attack on the new "foreign" liver. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Its response is one of suppression or tolerance, unlike the systemic immune system. (medscape.com)
  • Teclistamab takes a similar approach to cellular therapies, which genetically engineer a patient's T cells to find and destroy cancer cells," Garfall said. (sciencedaily.com)
  • However, cellular and molecular mechanisms of immune responses elicited by NP are poorly understood. (cdc.gov)
  • We focused particularly on harnessing reprogramming, or direct cellular reprogramming, to induce antigen presentation in cancer cells. (lu.se)
  • Dendritic cells (DC) are responsible for initiating all antigen-specific immune responses. (aacrjournals.org)
  • An immune-centric view assumes that a particular priming of phagocytes then causes a particular type of pathology in target tissues, conceptually similar to antigen-specific T-cell priming. (hindawi.com)
  • What is the precise role of intracellular and extracellular galectins in the control of cell death programs? (nature.com)
  • They are particularly involved in responses to extracellular bacteria and fungi. (origene.com)
  • Dendritic cells are derived from hematopoietic bone marrow progenitor cells (HSC). (wikipedia.org)
  • a positive immune response can lead to successful biointegration of the implant and (for orthopedic implants) bone remodeling. (medscape.com)
  • Bone marrow transplantation (BMT) or cord blood stem cell transplantation has been tried in a few patients, with variable outcome. (medscape.com)
  • Leukocytes are produced in stem cells in bone marrow. (lu.se)
  • Results: Light microscopy analysis revealed a decreased expression of GATA-3-positive cells when bone loss progressed. (bvsalud.org)