Resistin adipocytes. Medical search. Frequent questions

In addition to their main functions, adipocytes have endocrine functions and can secrete a variety of adipokines such as leptin, adiponectin, and resistin ( 2 - 4 ). (frontiersin.org)
Simultaneously, adipocytes secrete various cytokines including leptin, resistin, TNF-α and IL-6 to regulate the differentiation and function of T and B lymphocytes. (frontiersin.org)
Other adipokines, such as leptin and adiponectin and, to a lesser extent, resistin and retinol binding protein-4 are also involved. (wjgnet.com)
This review will address the biology, actions, and regulation of three adipocyte hormones-leptin, acylation stimulating protein (ASP), and adiponectin-with an emphasis on the most recent literature. (diabetesjournals.org)
Leptin production is primarily regulated by insulin-induced changes of adipocyte metabolism. (diabetesjournals.org)
A recent example of the importance of adipocyte function to have profound systemic effects is provided by the report that mice specifically lacking insulin signaling in adipocytes (FIRKO mouse) are not only lean, leptin sensitive, and obesity resistant ( 1 ), but live almost 20% longer than wild-type control animals ( 2 ). (diabetesjournals.org)
Work in our laboratory has primarily focused on the biology and regulation of three key adipocyte hormones: leptin, acylation-stimulating protein, and adiponectin. (diabetesjournals.org)
In addition, curcumin downregulates the inflammatory cytokines, resistin and leptin, and upregulates adiponectin as well as other associated proteins. (greenmedinfo.com)
Adipose tissue is not only a site of energy storage, but also an active endocrine organ that secretes a number of hormones and cytokines including leptin, resistin, adiponectin, IL-6, TNF a , MCP-1, PAI-1 and others. (lincoresearch.com)
This multiplex assay kit manufactured by LINCO Research, Inc. is to be used for the simultaneous quantification of the following 7 mouse adipokines in any combination: Insulin, Leptin, Resistin, IL-6, TNFα, MCP-1, and PAI-1 (total). (lincoresearch.com)
Among these, adipocytes secrete polypeptides like leptin, resistin, and adiponectin, which orchestrate a delicate balance crucial for glucose and lipid metabolism homeostasis. (biyokimya.vet)
In this review, I assess the evidence for the direct regulation of beta cell function by the adipokines leptin, adiponectin, extracellular nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase, apelin, resistin, retinol binding protein 4, fibroblast growth factor 21, nesfatin-1 and fatty acid binding protein 4. (dundee.ac.uk)
White fat cells secrete resistin , adiponectin , and leptin . (wikidoc.org)

While its concentration is higher in subcutaneous white adipose tissue, visceral white adipose tissue and hypertrophic adipocytes are inversely correlated with circulating adiponectin levels. (biyokimya.vet)

Obesity can be viewed as a state of long-term lipid disequilibrium that is marked by massive adipocyte hypertrophy and is a major risk factor for developing insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. (jci.org)

In this report we show that resistin expression is significantly decreased in the white adipose tissue of several different models of obesity including the ob/ob, db/db, tub/tub, and KKA(y) mice compared with their lean counterparts. (nih.gov)
Furthermore, in response to several different classes of antidiabetic peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma agonists, adipose tissue resistin expression is increased in both ob/ob mice and Zucker diabetic fatty rats. (nih.gov)
While the physiological role of adipose tissue in cholesterol and oxLDL metabolism remains to be established, the induction of OLR1 is a potential means by which PPARγ ligands regulate lipid metabolism and insulin sensitivity in adipocytes. (jci.org)
Resistin also known as adipose tissue-specific secretory factor (ADSF) or C/EBP-epsilon-regulated myeloid-specific secreted cysteine-rich protein (XCP1) is a cysteine-rich peptide hormone derived from adipose tissue that in humans is encoded by the RETN gene. (wikipedia.org)
Resistin was found to be produced and released from adipose tissue to serve endocrine functions likely involved in insulin resistance. (wikipedia.org)
Adipocytes are the main constituent cells of adipose tissue. (frontiersin.org)
Numerous factors regulate the adipose tissue activity including adipocyte-specific genes such as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors gamma (PPARγ) [ 16 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Studies investigating mammary adipocytes and breast adipose tissue in women with obesity versus women without obesity are, however, sparse and further research is needed. (lu.se)
Adipocytes are the cells that primarily compose adipose tissue , specialized in storing energy as fat . (wikidoc.org)

Adipocytes secrete more hormones like resist in and cytokines like TNF-alpha that both impede insulin action. (sdgln.com)
Adipocytes secrete hormones known as adipokines which act on multiple cell types to regulate metabolism. (dundee.ac.uk)

Human Resistin promotes lipolysis by human and mouse adipocytes, but mouse Resistin does not promote lipolysis by adipocytes of either species (10). (rndsystems.com)
0.05) and a 52% increase in the sensitivity of peripheral adipocytes to the inhibitory effects of insulin on lipolysis ( P = 0.04). (diabetesjournals.org)
Recombinant human FIZZ3/resistin stimulates lipolysis in cultured human adipocytes, mouse adipose explants, and regular mice. (primary-antibodiescom.com)
On the contrary, lipolysis entails the catabolic breakdown of stored TGs within adipocytes, liberating free fatty acids and glycerol. (biyokimya.vet)
Insulin, in turn, regulates lipolysis and promotes glucose uptake and lipid storage in adipocytes. (dundee.ac.uk)

Elevated levels of the hormone resistin, which is secreted by fat cells, are proposed to cause insulin resistance and to serve as a link between obesity and type 2 diabetes. (nih.gov)
These data demonstrate that experimental obesity in rodents is associated with severely defective resistin expression, and decreases in resistin expression are not required for the antidiabetic actions of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma agonists. (nih.gov)
Resistin is an adipose-derived hormone (similar to a cytokine) whose physiologic role has been the subject of much controversy regarding its involvement with obesity and type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM). (wikipedia.org)
This idea primarily stems from studies demonstrating that serum resistin levels increase with obesity in several model systems (humans, rats, and mice). (wikipedia.org)
In accordance, it is expected that, if resistin does serve as a link between obesity and T2DM while at the same time contributing to the inflammatory response, then proportional increases in chronic inflammation in association with obesity and insulin resistance should be observed. (wikipedia.org)
Recent data has shown that this is possible by demonstrating positive correlations between obesity, insulin resistance, and chronic inflammation, which is believed to be directed in part by resistin signaling. (wikipedia.org)
Much of what is hypothesized about a resistin role in energy metabolism and T2DM can be derived from studies showing strong correlations between resistin and obesity. (wikipedia.org)
In fact, recent data have shown that this possibility is indeed the case by demonstrating positive correlations between obesity, insulin resistance, and chronic inflammation, [21] [22] which is believed to be directed in part by resistin signaling. (wikidoc.org)
Natural News) Increased levels of resistin, an adipocyte hormone that regulates glucose metabolism, may cause obesity leading to insulin resistance and Type 2 diabetes. (naturalnews.com)
8. Shuldiner AR, Yang R. Gong D-W. Resistin, obesity, and insulin resistance-theemerging role of the adipocyte as an endocrine organ. (ijrpp.com)
Mouse resistin is produced by adipocytes and may be an important link between obesity and insulin resistance. (cellgs.com)
The study included 56 individuals with obesity, of whom 30 individuals underwent Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery (RYGB) and twenty-six underwent sleeve gastrectomy (SG). (biomedcentral.com)
Serum adipocyte fatty acid binding protein levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and obesity: the influence of fenofibrate treatment. (osu.eu)

These actions are mediated by both the actions of a number of nonsecreted proteins and hormones produced in adipocytes. (diabetesjournals.org)
Curcumin interacts with specific proteins in adipocytes, pancreatic cells, hepatic stellate cells, macrophages, and muscle cells, where it suppresses several cellular proteins such as transcription factor NF-kB, STAT-3, Wnt/β-catenin and activates PPAR-γ, Nrf2 cell signaling pathway. (greenmedinfo.com)
Our data suggest gender specific interactions between the diet's fatty acid source, the adipocyte-secreted proteins and metabolic disorders. (biomedcentral.com)
These adipocyte-derived proteins (adipocytokines/adipokines) play critical roles in body energy homeostasis and metabolism. (lincoresearch.com)
Resistin is a peptide hormone belonging to a class of cysteine-rich secreted proteins, termed the resistin-like molecules (RELM) family. (cellgs.com)

In addition, various adipokines secreted by adipocytes regulate the proliferation and differentiation of T cells. (frontiersin.org)
The nature of dietary fat determines the extent of metabolic alterations reflected in adipocytes through modifications in the pattern of adipokines secretion and modulation of key genes mRNA expression. (biomedcentral.com)

Resistin, also known as adipocyte-specific secretory factor (ADSF) and found in inflammatory zone 3 (FIZZ3), is a member of a family of secreted cysteine-rich peptide hormones that also includes Resistin-like molecules RELM alpha, beta, and gamma. (rndsystems.com)
Resistin is cysteine-rich polypeptide produced by adipocytes and macrophages. (thesciencein.org)

Perilipin, a major hormonally regulated adipocyte-specific phosphoprotein associated with the periphery of lipid storage droplets. (nature.com)

Results DIM, but not I3C, increased adipocyte differentiation through upregulation of peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor γ and CCAAT/enhancer‐binding protein α. (researchgate.net)

Adipocytes produce a number of hormones that have wide-ranging effects on energy intake, energy expenditure, and carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, including nutrient partitioning and fuel selection. (diabetesjournals.org)

The underlying belief among those in support of this theory is that serum resistin levels will increase with increased adiposity. (wikipedia.org)
Resistin levels of serum and follicular fluid in non-obese patients with polycystic ovary syndrome during IVF cycles[J]. Journal of Zhejiang University Science B, 2005, 6(9): 897-902. (zju.edu.cn)
25 kg/m 2 ) and tubal infertility during the years 2002 to 2004 and compared the serum and follicular fluid resistin levels, estradiol (E 2 ), progesterone (P), testosterone (T) levels in 20 PCOS and 20 healthy, age-matched women without PCOS during IVF-stimulated cycles. (zju.edu.cn)
Results: No significant differences in resistin levels of either serum or follicular fluid between PCOS and control group were found. (zju.edu.cn)
However, resistin levels in serum were higher than that in follicular fluid in both groups. (zju.edu.cn)
Multiple regression analysis showed that resistin levels in serum did not correlate with BMI, estradiol, LH (luteinizing hormone) and insulin level in fasting blood. (zju.edu.cn)

The imbalance between caloric intake and energy expenditure leads to hyperplasia and hypertrophy of adipocytes depending on the type as much as the amount of dietary lipids [ 14 , 15 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

Next, we summarize various cytokines produced by adipocytes that regulate the survival, activation and differentiation of B cells. (frontiersin.org)
locus makes long-range chromatin interactions with selected tissue-specific gene loci during adipocyte differentiation in a protein kinase A dependent manner. (umassmed.edu)
Obese individuals exhibit mitochondrial dysfunction and impaired adipocyte differentiation that negatively impact glucose metabolism. (sdgln.com)

This is in contrast to human Resistin which is produced by macrophages and monocytes but not by adipocytes (9 - 12). (rndsystems.com)
Both mouse and human Resistin promote vascular endothelial cell sprouting in vitro and inflammatory reactions in vivo (13 - 16). (rndsystems.com)

Not only do Adipocytes have energy storage and endocrine functions, but they also play an immunological role. (frontiersin.org)

In sandwich immunoassays, less than 0.05% cross-reactivity with recombinant human (rh) Resistin is observed. (rndsystems.com)

Polypeptides produced by the ADIPOCYTES. (harvard.edu)

This article discusses the current research proposing to link resistin to inflammation and energy homeostasis, including its alleged role in insulin resistance in obese subjects, a subject reviewed by Vidal-Puig and O'Rahilly in 2001, and by M.A. Lazar in 2007. (wikipedia.org)
Obese adipocytes overexpress MHC class II molecules and costimulators to act as antigen-presenting cells (APCs) and promote the activation of CD4 + T cells. (frontiersin.org)
This article discusses the current research proposing to link resistin to inflammation and energy homeostasis, including its alleged role in insulin resistance in obese subjects. (wikidoc.org)

The adipocyte was reported as an antigen-presenting cell (APC) which expresses CD1d and MHC class I and II molecules. (frontiersin.org)
Moreover, like other nucleated cells, adipocytes express MHC class I molecules. (frontiersin.org)
In our recent research, we observed that adipocytes express MHC class II molecules and co-stimulatory molecules CD80/CD86, and that their expression significantly increases in response to high fat diet (HFD) challenges ( 8 ). (frontiersin.org)
Fat cells release fatty acids, resistin, and other molecules that impair glucose uptake and insulin signaling. (sdgln.com)

MÉTHODES: Des kératinocytes épidermiques humains normaux ont été exposés à une source de PM2,5 rurale en présence et en l'absence d'un mélange antioxydant de resvératrol, de niacinamide et de peptide GHK. (bvsalud.org)

This study aimed to determine whether I3C or DIM could increase glucose uptake via enhanced insulin sensitivity in 3T3‐L1 adipocytes, as well as the mechanism involved. (researchgate.net)
DIM also enhanced glucose uptake by increasing expression of glucose transporter 4 in adipocytes. (researchgate.net)
3,3′-diindolylmethane (DIM)-a natural compound produced from indole-3-carbinol, found in cruciferous vegetables-enhances glucose uptake by increasing the activation of the insulin signaling pathway in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. (researchgate.net)

As cited, it has recently been discovered that resistin also participates in the inflammatory response. (wikipedia.org)
In further support of its inflammatory profile, resistin has been shown to increase transcriptional events, leading to an increased expression of several pro-inflammatory cytokines including (but not limited to) interleukin-1 (IL-1), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-12 (IL-12), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in an NF-κB-mediated (nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells-mediated) fashion. (wikipedia.org)
Notwithstanding, regarding resistin and the inflammatory response, it can be concluded that resistin does bear features of a pro-inflammatory cytokine, and could act as a key node in inflammatory diseases with or without associated insulin resistance. (wikipedia.org)
Adipocytes are involved in adaptive immunity to mediate the pathological processes of a variety of chronic inflammatory diseases and autoimmune syndromes. (frontiersin.org)
Thus, we discuss the role of adipocytes in adaptive immunity in the context of inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. (frontiersin.org)
increased vasoconstriction along with loss of antioxidant capacity, IL-6 = interleukin 6, resistin, and angiotensinogen affecting the endothelium reducing vasodilating nitric oxide (NO) which results in increased CRP that is a direct and important inflammatory agent. (thepmc.org)

A plays an important role in development of T2DM through its effect on resistin levels in the circulation that considered as a major factor for developing T2DM. (thesciencein.org)

Here we report that antidiabetic thiazolidinediones (TZDs) and other ligands for the nuclear receptor PPARγ dramatically upregulate oxidized LDL receptor 1 (OLR1) in adipocytes by facilitating the exchange of coactivators for corepressors on the OLR1 gene in cultured mouse adipocytes. (jci.org)
TZDs markedly stimulate the uptake of oxidized LDL (oxLDL) into adipocytes, and this requires OLR1. (jci.org)

Mouse Resistin induces proinflammatory molecule production in adipocytes and promotes hepatic gluconeogenesis and insulin resistance (5, 7). (rndsystems.com)

Adipocytes can regulate adaptive immunity, which is involved with various metabolic diseases. (frontiersin.org)
Since there have been many reports on the regulation of metabolic diseases through adaptive immunity ( 9 - 11 ), we focus on how adipocytes regulate adaptive immunity in this review. (frontiersin.org)
25 kg/m 2 ), to assess possible correlations of resistin to hormonal and metabolic parameters and to analyze the clinical outcomes of in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET) in women with PCOS and tubal infertility. (zju.edu.cn)
Conclusion: Our results show that resistin does not have correlation with the hormonal and metabolic parameters as well as the outcomes of IVF. (zju.edu.cn)

The intricate interplay of these adipocytokines emanating from adipocytes fundamentally contributes to sustaining optimal energy levels. (biyokimya.vet)

Here we show that in adipocytes, chronically high insulin levels inhibit β-adrenergic receptors (but not other cAMP-elevating stimuli) from activating PKA. (nature.com)
On the other hand, insulin levels were only increased in AD-fed group in both sexes associated with increased resistin levels. (biomedcentral.com)

Since these observations, further research has linked resistin to other physiological systems such as inflammation and energy homeostasis. (wikipedia.org)
Taken together, because resistin is reputed to contribute to insulin resistance, results such as those mentioned suggest that resistin may be a link in the well-known association between inflammation and insulin resistance. (wikipedia.org)
This idea has recently been challenged by a study showing that increased levels of resistin in people with chronic kidney disease are associated with lowered renal function and inflammation, but not with insulin resistance. (wikipedia.org)
This adipokine is associated with markers of inflammation in seminal plasma and the concentrations of seminal resistin correlate positively with those of proinflammatory mediators such as interleukin-6 (IL-6), elastase and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). (wikipedia.org)
OBJECTIF: Il est bien établi que l'exposition de la peau humaine à la pollution atmosphérique, en particulier sous forme de particules d'une taille de 2,5 µm (PM2,5 ), est associée à un stress oxydatif, à des dommages à l'ADN et à une inflammation entraînant des signes prématurés de vieillissement cutané. (bvsalud.org)
Adipo IR = − 16%, p = 0.009) and inflammation [log resistin = − 6%, p = 0.07] were observed 3 months post-surgery. (biomedcentral.com)

Further, ADP-1 beneficially affected lipid metabolism by enhancing lipid globule formation in mouse 3T3-L1 adipocytes. (phoenixpeptide.com)

Egan, J. J., Greenberg, A. S., Chang, M. K. & Londos, C. Control of endogenous phosphorylation of the major cAMP-dependent protein kinase substrate in adipocytes by insulin and beta-adrenergic stimulation. (nature.com)
Mature mouse Resistin is a 12 kDa protein with an N-terminal alpha -helical domain and a C-terminal beta -sandwich domain that is stabilized by multiple intrachain disulfide bonds (3). (rndsystems.com)

Increased OLR1 expression, resulting either from TZD treatment or adenoviral gene delivery, significantly augments adipocyte cholesterol content and enhances fatty acid uptake. (jci.org)
The seminal concentrations of resistin were significantly higher in cases of leukocyte spermia or if the patients were smokers. (wikipedia.org)

In conclusion, these results support the hypothesis that thiazolidinediones enhance insulin sensitivity in patients with type 2 diabetes by promoting increased insulin sensitivity in peripheral adipocytes, which results in lower plasma fatty acid concentrations and a redistribution of intracellular lipid from insulin responsive organs into peripheral adipocytes. (diabetesjournals.org)

In rodents, Resistin is expressed by adipocytes and in the pituitary and arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus (5 - 9). (rndsystems.com)

Resistin can also form multimers with RELM beta (4). (rndsystems.com)

The correlations between the resistin levels and the outcomes of IVF-ET were evaluated. (zju.edu.cn)

A study published in the journal BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine reveals that tomato and broccoli can reduce resistin levels and restores insulin sensitivity. (naturalnews.com)

The adipocyte is the major site of fatty acid storage in the body and plays a critical role in maintaining normal glucose and lipid homeostasis. (jci.org)

These data identify OLR1 as a novel PPARγ target gene in adipocytes. (jci.org)

If the capacity of the adipocyte to store lipids is exceeded, it can no longer regulate the release of FFAs into the circulation, which ultimately leads to the abnormal accumulation of lipid in nonadipose depots. (jci.org)
Inhibition of CRABP-1 impairs the production of retinoic acid, leading to decreased fat storage and adipocyte apoptosis, with the subsequent release of lipids into the circulation. (medscape.com)

We examined the effect of three months of rosiglitazone treatment (4 mg b.i.d.) on whole-body insulin sensitivity and in vivo peripheral adipocyte insulin sensitivity as assessed by glycerol release in microdialysis from subcutaneous fat during a two-step (20 and 120 mU · m −2 · min −1 ) hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp in nine type 2 diabetic subjects. (diabetesjournals.org)

Mature mouse Resistin shares 56% and 72% amino acid (aa) sequence identity with human and rat Resistin, respectively. (rndsystems.com)

Detects mouse Resistin in ELISAs and Western blots. (rndsystems.com)
Induced production of IL-8 by human PBMC cells in response to Mouse Resistin. (cellgs.com)
Mouse Resistin is fully biologically active when compared to standard. (cellgs.com)

Enlarged adipocytes are less responsive to insulin resulting in the beginning of these multiple cascades. (thepmc.org)

Recently, an increasing number of studies have shown that adipocytes have immunological functions capable of recruiting and activating immune cells. (frontiersin.org)
First, we introduce adipocytes as APCs to participate in T cell-mediated adaptive immune response. (frontiersin.org)

resistin increases the production of LDL in human liver cells and also degrades LDL receptors in the liver . (wikidoc.org)
ASP increases the efficiency of triacylglycerol synthesis in adipocytes leading to enhanced postprandial lipid clearance. (diabetesjournals.org)

It has also been demonstrated that resistin upregulates intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM1) vascular cell-adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM1) and chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2 (CCL2), all of which are occupied in chemotactic pathways involved in leukocyte recruitment to sites of infection. (wikipedia.org)

Concentrations of cholesterol and triglycerides are strongly correlated in the adipocyte, but little is known about mechanisms regulating cholesterol metabolism in fat cells. (jci.org)
One study showed that there was a negative correlation between the concentrations of seminal resistin and spermatic motility and vitality. (wikipedia.org)

This review describes how adipocytes participate in adaptive immunity from the perspective of T cells and B cells, and discusses their role in the pathogenesis of various diseases. (frontiersin.org)
Several studies have shown that adipocytes highly express CD1d, which presents lipid antigens to invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells and stimulates the activation of iNKT cells ( 5 - 7 ). (frontiersin.org)
However, there is no clear evidence that adipocytes interact directly with CD8 + T cells through antigen:MHCI complex. (frontiersin.org)
Adipocytes can directly activate CD4 + T cells through antigen:MHCII complex in a contact-dependent manner. (frontiersin.org)
Chromium inhibits resistin, the hormone that causes insulin resistance in fat cells (adipocytes). (brettelliott.com)
Mesenchymal stem cells can differentiate into adipocytes, connective tissue , muscle or bone . (wikidoc.org)

Anatomy12

Organisms3

Diseases3

Chemicals and Drugs42

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment2

Phenomena and Processes12

LEPTIN13

ADIPONECTIN1

Developing insulin resistance1

Adipose tissue9

Secrete2

Lipolysis5

Obesity13

Proteins5

Adipokines2

Cysteine-rich2

Regulated adipocyte-specific1

Increased adipocyte differentiation1

Hormones1

Serum6

Hypertrophy1

Differentiation3

Human Resistin2

Endocrine1

Recombinant human1

Polypeptides1

Obese3

Molecules4

Peptide1

Glucose uptake3

Inflammatory6

T2DM1

TZDs2

Hepatic1

Metabolic4

Adipocytokines1

Insulin levels2

Inflammation6

Lipid metabolism1

Protein2

Significantly2

Thiazolidinediones1

Rodents1

RELM1

Correlations1

Levels1

Homeostasis1

Gene1

Lipids2

Peripheral1

Amino acid1

Mouse3

Responsive1

Immune2

Increases2

Vascular1

Concentrations2

Cells6