Resistance to cytotoxic drugs drug resistance neoplasm. Medical search. Frequent questions

Specifically, the use of leukocyte-derived membrane proteins to functionalize nanovesicles (leukosomes) can enable their long circulation and target the inflamed endothelium present in many inflammatory pathologies and tumors, making them a promising and versatile drug delivery system. (frontiersin.org)
Thus, type I (low-grade serous G1, low-grade endometrioid G1/G2, mucinous or clear cell) tumors are associated with corresponding benign ovarian cystic neoplasms, often developing through an intermediate borderline step and have a better prognosis. (spandidos-publications.com)
Extending these promising findings to solid tumors faces substantial hurdles from drug uptake to clinical trial design. (aacrjournals.org)
Cancer is a multifaceted disease characterized by uncontrollable proliferation of cells to form tumors or neoplasms. (biomedcentral.com)

The human multidrug-resistance protein (MRP1), known to mediate cellular efflux of a wide range of xenobiotics, including anticancer drugs, has also been shown to transport antimony, thereby conferring resistance to this heavy metal. (nih.gov)
In in vivo experiments antiangiogenic agents with cytotoxic anticancer drugs formed a highly effective modulator combination for the treatment of the Lewis lung carcinoma against primary and metastatic disease. (elsevierpure.com)

Chemotherapy (often abbreviated to chemo and sometimes CTX or CTx) is a type of cancer treatment that uses one or more anti-cancer drugs (chemotherapeutic agents or alkylating agents) as part of a standardized chemotherapy regimen. (wikipedia.org)
Importantly, the use of drugs (whether chemotherapy, hormonal therapy or targeted therapy) constitutes systemic therapy for cancer in that they are introduced into the blood stream and are therefore in principle able to address cancer at any anatomic location in the body. (wikipedia.org)
Traditional chemotherapeutic agents are cytotoxic by means of interfering with cell division (mitosis) but cancer cells vary widely in their susceptibility to these agents. (wikipedia.org)
Induction chemotherapy is the first line treatment of cancer with a chemotherapeutic drug. (wikipedia.org)
55-59 Combined modality chemotherapy is the use of drugs with other cancer treatments, such as surgery, radiation therapy, or hyperthermia therapy. (wikipedia.org)
Angiogenesis, thymidine phosphorylase, and resistance of squamous cell head and neck cancer to cytotoxic and radiation therapy. (ox.ac.uk)
It is concluded that thymidine phosphorylase is associated with angiogenesis, with resistance to radiotherapy and cytotoxic therapy, and with poorer survival in squamous cell head and neck cancer. (ox.ac.uk)
Similarly other ABC proteins - Multidrug resistance associated protein 1 (ABCC1) and breast cancer resistance protein (ABCG2) are both capable of pumping out cytotoxic drugs. (solvobiotech.com)
The study shows the cytotoxic and apoptotic activity in A549 cancer cell line. (biomedcentral.com)
Multidrug resistance (MDR), whereby tumor cells simultaneously possess intrinsic or acquired cross-resistance to diverse chemotherapeutic agents, hampers the effective treatment of cancer. (wustl.edu)
Molecular investigations in MDR resulted in the isolation and characterization of genes coding for several proteins associated with MDR, including P-glycoprotein (P-gp), the multidrug resistance associated protein (MRP1), the lung resistance protein (LRP), and, more recently, the breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP). (wustl.edu)
Natural Products derived from plants are known as phytochemicals and serve as resources for novel drugs and cancer therapy. (bvsalud.org)
BACKGROUND/AIM: Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most frequent neoplasms in men around the world. (bvsalud.org)
Drug treatment regimens for cancer usually involve combinations of agents given intermittently. (doctorlib.info)
benzimidazole drugs are also found to prevent the radiation-induced transformation of cancer cells into radiation-resistant cells, and furthermore sensitize some drug-resistant cells. (cures.news)
Clinical trials are ongoing for cancer therapy with benzimidazole drugs. (cures.news)
benzimidazole drugs are also being combined with other chemotherapeutics, such as paclitaxel, trametinib, gemcitabine and methoxyestradiol, to enhance the anti-cancer treatment efficacy. (cures.news)
Two major approaches were suggested in order to enhance the uptake of chemotherapeutic drugs by cancer cells and increase tumor destruction. (tau.ac.il)
It is the only assay which involves direct visualization of the cancer cells at endpoint, allowing for accurate assessment of drug activity, discriminating tumor from non-tumor cells, and providing a permanent archival record, which improves quality, serves as control, and assesses dose response in vitro. (lungevity.org)
Antivascular activity of lapatinib and bevacizumab in primary microcluster cultures of breast cancer and other human neoplasms. (lungevity.org)
The National Cancer Institute maintains an up-to-date list of drugs used to treat cancer. (msdmanuals.com)
The ideal drug would target only cancer cells and have no adverse effects on normal cells. (msdmanuals.com)
Most cancer drugs are given systemically, usually intravenously or subcutaneously, but some are given by mouth. (msdmanuals.com)
Resistance to cancer drugs is common. (msdmanuals.com)
Cytotoxic drugs damage DNA and kill many normal cells as well as cancer cells. (msdmanuals.com)
In contrast, other drugs (eg, DNA cross-linkers, also known as alkylating agents) have a linear dose-response relationship, killing more cancer cells at higher doses. (msdmanuals.com)
Using cytotoxic and antioxidant studies, the study attempted to assess some of the commonly used medicinal plants used to cure cancer among Yoruba people in Ogun, Oyo, Osun, and Lagos (South-West, Nigeria). (who.int)

6] Case reports have described AN associated with hematologic malignancies, including acute myeloid leukemia, and even benign gastrointestinal neoplasms. (medscape.com)
oxidation modification of the genetic material may also participate in the progression of benign to malignant neoplasms. (bvsalud.org)

Multidrug resistance (MDR) is an unwanted phenomenon, that may cause therapy failure in several neoplasms including hematological malignancies. (solvobiotech.com)
The study group included 56.5 % of patients with hematological malignancies and 20.2 % with solid neoplasms [ 7 ]. (ijpsonline.com)

Impaired protein homeostasis, though well established in age-related disorders, has been linked in recent research with the pathogenesis of myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs). (stanford.edu)

The prototype of these proteins is the P-glycoprotein (Pgp, MDR1, ABCB1) that is a seven-membrane spanning transmembrane protein capable of extruding several cytotoxic drugs that are of key importance in the treatment of hematological disorders. (solvobiotech.com)
These transmembrane proteins cause MDR either by decreasing the total intracellular retention of drugs or redistributing intracellular accumulation of drugs away from target organelles. (wustl.edu)
These proteins are expressed at varying degrees in different neoplasms, including the AIDS-associated non-Hodgkin lymphoma and Kaposi sarcoma and are generally associated with poor prognosis. (wustl.edu)

The present study investigated the pattern of drug activity in type I and type II EOC for standard cytotoxic drugs and recently introduced tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), and assessed the association with treatment history and clinical outcome. (spandidos-publications.com)

In line with clinical experience, EOC type I samples were generally more resistant than type II samples to both standard cytotoxic drugs and the TKIs, reaching statistical significance for cisplatin (P=0.03) and dasatinib (P=0.002). (spandidos-publications.com)
Limitations to the use of these modulators include multiple and redundant cellular mechanisms of resistance, alterations in pharmacokinetics of cytotoxic agents, and clinical toxicities. (wustl.edu)
Cell culture detection of microvascular cell death in clinical specimens of human neoplasms and peripheral blood. (lungevity.org)

The treatment was applied to established subcutaneous solid lesions (5-15 mm in diameter) by percutaneously placed electrodes after local or systemic injection of various chemotherapeutic drugs such as: cisplatin, taxol, 5-fluorouracil, carmustine, doxorubicin, or bleomycin. (tau.ac.il)

Ex vivo assessment of drug activity is suggested to have a role in the optimization of drug therapy in EOC. (spandidos-publications.com)
Investigator Arance Fernandez pointed out that patients with advanced melanoma who progress on standard-of-care treatment with anti-PD-1 therapy or a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) inhibitor plus anti-PD-1 "have very limited therapeutic options available and there is no approved regimen in this indication. (medscape.com)
Immunohistochemistry confirmed the down-regulation of GPC3, c-Myc, and Ki-67, supporting its anti-proliferative effect.CONCLUSION: CYT997 is a potentially efficacious and non-toxic drug candidate for HCC therapy. (stanford.edu)
and mebendazole in combination with other antiprotozoal agents including albendazole for neoplasm therapy is in Phase 2 (NCT02366884). (cures.news)
Entecavir maybe the better antiviral drugs than Lamivudine, and antiviral therapy is maintained more than 6 months that maybe the optimal duration of prophylactic antiviral therapy. (scirp.org)

Identification and validation of microtubule depolymerizing agent, CYT997, as a potential drug candidate for hepatocellular carcinoma. (stanford.edu)

Drug activity was compared with respect to EOC subtype, preoperative chemotherapy, cross‑resistance and association with progression‑free survival (PFS). (spandidos-publications.com)

In conclusion, these findings demonstrated that MRP1 likely handled some, but not all, cytotoxic metals such as arsenic and mercuric ions in addition to antimony, therefore resulting in reduced toxicity of these compounds towards MRP1-overexpressing cells. (nih.gov)
Also, the drugs can often be used at lower doses, reducing toxicity. (wikipedia.org)
Current chemotherapy regimens apply drug treatment in cycles, with the frequency and duration of treatments limited by toxicity. (worldsbest.rehab)
More commonly, multidrug regimens incorporating drugs with different mechanisms of action and different toxicities are used to increase efficacy, reduce dose-related toxicity, and decrease the probability of drug resistance. (msdmanuals.com)

One protein, the expression of which was elevated in invasive ductal and lobular breast carcinomas when compared with normal breast tissue, was arylamine N-acetyltransferase-1 (NAT-1), a Phase II drug-metabolizing enzyme. (ox.ac.uk)

First-generation modulators such as verapamil, quinidine, and cyclosporin required high doses of drugs to reverse MDR and were associated with unacceptable toxicities. (wustl.edu)
Acute toxicities are rarely reported for these drugs. (cures.news)
End-organ function should be assessed before giving drugs with organ-specific toxicities. (msdmanuals.com)

New drugs target some of the stepwise genetic mutations the neoplastic cells gain to become masters of their growth and proliferation ( 9 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
Several neoplastic diseases can be cured with drugs alone or with a combination of drugs and other treatment modalities. (doctorlib.info)
2. Exposing viable tumor cells to anti-neoplastic drugs. (lungevity.org)

There are a number of strategies in the administration of chemotherapeutic drugs used today. (wikipedia.org)
These treatments are either based on electro-stimulation alone or in conjunction with chemotherapeutic drugs. (tau.ac.il)
Although older chemotherapeutic drugs are often toxic to normal cells, advances in genetics and cellular and molecular biology have led to development of more selective drugs. (msdmanuals.com)

Because of the effect on immune cells (especially lymphocytes), chemotherapy drugs often find use in a host of diseases that result from harmful overactivity of the immune system against self (so-called autoimmunity). (wikipedia.org)
Herbal plants are a promising source of drug targets for various acute and chronic diseases. (biomedcentral.com)
Chitosan nanoparticles (CS NPs) showed promising results in drug, vaccine and gene delivery for the treatment of various diseases. (researchgate.net)

Enkurin: A novel marker for myeloproliferative neoplasms from platelet, megakaryocyte, and whole blood specimens. (stanford.edu)

Multidrug regimens typically are given as repetitive cycles of a fixed combination of drugs. (msdmanuals.com)

Arylamine N-acetyltransferase-1 is highly expressed in breast cancers and conveys enhanced growth and resistance to etoposide in vitro. (ox.ac.uk)

As a pioneer in the drug transporter field for 20 years, SOLVO is dedicated to exploring the science of transporters and their role in xenobiotic efficacy and safety. (solvobiotech.com)

Thus, NAT-1 may not only play a role in the development of cancers through enhanced mutagenesis but may also contribute to the resistance of some cancers to cytotoxic drugs. (ox.ac.uk)
Single drugs may cure selected cancers (eg, choriocarcinoma, hairy cell leukemia). (msdmanuals.com)

Identifying novel antimicrobial agents from plant-based compounds may result in anti-microbial drugs effective against the resistant strains. (biomedcentral.com)
This review is a holistic picture on actinobacter-derived cytotoxic compounds against CRC that provides a good perspective for drug development and design in near future. (frontiersin.org)

Vesicle mediated uptake of actinomycin D into resistant cells produced inhibition of cellular RNA synthesis and cell growth at actinomycin D concentrations that had no inhibitory effect when added as free drug in the culture medium. (elsevierpure.com)
Selectivity Index value (SI) was determined as the ratio of cytotoxic concentration 50 (CC50) to inhibitory concentration 50 (IC50) for each compound. (who.int)

and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), seen in choriocarcinoma testicular germ cell neoplasms. (doctorlib.info)

In 3D prostate tumor spheroids, BrB also induced cytotoxic effects at higher concentrations after longer treatment (48, 72, and 168 h). (bvsalud.org)
Additional drug concentrations for the targeted/angiogenic agents, some of which have very steep dose response relationships. (lungevity.org)
The DC 3F/ADX cell line is resistant to actinomycin D as a result of its decreased capacity to transport actinomycin D across the plasma membrane and its able to grow in the presence of concentrations of actinomycin D that are cytotoxic for the sensitive parent cell line (DC 3F). (elsevierpure.com)
Incubation of resistant DC 3F/ADX cells with actinomycin D containing vesicles produced a 5 fold increase in intracellular drug concentration over that achieved by exposure to identical concentrations of the drug added to the culture medium. (elsevierpure.com)

3. Measuring absolute in vitro drug effect. (lungevity.org)
4. Finding a statistical comparision of in vitro drug effect to an index standard, yielding an individualized pattern of relative drug activity. (lungevity.org)

The rest had reduction/cessation of immunosuppressive drugs. (hku.hk)
This class of carcinogens includes various hormones (e.g., estrogen and diethylstilbestrol), immunosuppressive drugs (e.g., azathioprine), solid-state carcinogens (e.g., asbestos), and promoting agents (agents that increase tumor development when given after a genotoxic chemical). (doctorlib.info)

In addition, phytochemicals present promising options for overcoming chemotherapy-related problems, such as drug resistance and toxic effects on non-target tissues. (bvsalud.org)

The aim of the present study was to investigate whether other cytotoxic metals could be handled by MRPI using MRP1-overexpressing lung tumor GLC4/Sb30 cells. (nih.gov)
MK571, a potent inhibitor of MRP1 activity, almost totally reversed resistance of GLC4/Sb30 cells to mercuric ions and arsenic while it did not significantly alter sensitivity of GLC4 cells to metals. (nih.gov)

For chemotherapy drugs, one of the best characterized resistance mechanisms is overexpression of MDR1 , a cell membrane transporter that causes efflux of certain drugs (eg, vinca alkaloids, taxanes, anthracyclines). (msdmanuals.com)

Thus, the plant may act as a potent antimicrobial drug against resistant strains. (biomedcentral.com)
The discovery of novel antimicrobial drugs is sparked by the emergence of various antibiotic resistance strains. (biomedcentral.com)

Such cells were found to be 3.4-, 12.7- and 16.3-fold more resistant than parental GLC4 cells to mercuric ion, arsenite and arsenate, respectively, whereas they remained sensitive to other cytotoxic metals tested such as copper, chromium, cobalt or aluminium. (nih.gov)
The development of biomimetic nanoparticles (NPs) has revolutionized the concept of nanomedicine by offering a completely new set of biocompatible materials to formulate innovative drug delivery systems capable of imitating the behavior of cells. (frontiersin.org)
Many of the side effects of chemotherapy can be traced to damage to normal cells that divide rapidly and are thus sensitive to anti-mitotic drugs: cells in the bone marrow, digestive tract and hair follicles. (wikipedia.org)
Isolated EOC tumor cells obtained at surgery were investigated for their sensitivity to seven standard cytotoxic drugs and nine TKIs using a short‑term fluorescent microculture cytotoxicity assay (FMCA). (spandidos-publications.com)
The clinically observed relative drug resistance of EOC type I, as well as in patients previously treated, is at least partly due to mechanisms in the tumor cells. (spandidos-publications.com)
The results showed that the BrB flavonoid promotes cytotoxic effects from ≥1.50 µM after 24 h of treatment in DU145 cells in monolayers. (bvsalud.org)
We used an HCC patient-derived xenograft (PDX) mouse model to assess its invivo efficacy.RESULTS: CYT997 was significantly more cytotoxic against HCC cells than against primary human hepatocytes, and sensitized HCC cells to sorafenib. (stanford.edu)
Such cells are capable of tumour initiating, self-renewal, invasion and metastasis, resulting in tumour relapse and resistance. (researchgate.net)
In the colon carcinoma model (CT-26), it was established that the protective immune cells belong to the T helper and T cytotoxic lineage. (tau.ac.il)
Analysis of the effect of active NAT-1 overexpression in a normal luminal epithelial-derived cell line demonstrated enhanced growth properties and etoposide resistance relative to control cells. (ox.ac.uk)
The assay which has a morphological endpoint, allows for visualization of both tumor and microvascular cells and direct assessment of both anti-tumor and anti-microvascular drug effect. (lungevity.org)
Photomicrographs of the assay can show that some clones of tumor cells don't accumulate the drug. (lungevity.org)
The potential value of lipid vesicles for introducing other classes of drugs into cultured cells and their possible use in chemotherapy are also discussed. (elsevierpure.com)

Despite these precautions, adverse effects commonly result from cytotoxic chemotherapy. (msdmanuals.com)

Streptozocin-Based Chemotherapy in Patients with Advanced Neuroendocrine Neoplasms--Predictive and Prognostic Markers for Treatment Stratification. (cancerindex.org)
STZ-based chemotherapy is an effective and well-tolerated treatment option in patients with well differentiated neuroendocrine neoplasms. (cancerindex.org)
Previous studies have indicated that adding an anti-PD-1 drug to lenvatinib achieves superior antitumor activity than either treatment alone, with promising results in phase 1/2b data in pretreated metastatic melanoma. (medscape.com)
Most cases respond to reduction of immunosuppressive drug or specific treatment. (hku.hk)
Cured mice showed increased resistance to a tumor challenge, resistance which was abolished by treatment with an immunosuppresive drug. (tau.ac.il)

Samples of commonly utilized anticancer plants obtained from the chosen areas using physical and virtual oral seminars were studied for physiochemical composition and a possible antioxidant and cytotoxic potential to validate the basis for the use of the selected anticancer plants. (who.int)

Because of its bifunctional role, TP may have interactions with cytotoxic drugs or radiation via pathways requiring thymidine or prodrug activation. (ox.ac.uk)
It is important to remember that interactions do occur with all types of drugs, to a great or lesser extent and this article details the interactions of mixing chemotherapy and Weed. (worldsbest.rehab)

These old drugs, developed as cytotoxic agents and nearly abandoned decades ago were resurrected by the renewed interest in DNA methylation. (aacrjournals.org)
A potential use of these agents may be to enhance intestinal drug absorption and increase drug penetration to biologically important protective barriers, such as the blood-brain, blood-cerebrospinal fluid, and the maternal-fetal barriers. (wustl.edu)
The use of MDR modulators with drugs such as the antiviral protease inhibitors and cytotoxics may enhance drug accumulation in sanctuary sites that are traditionally impenetrable to these agents. (wustl.edu)
A major modification of the DISC (cell death) assay allows for the study of anti-microvascular drug effects of standard and targeted agents, such as Avastin, Nexavar and Sutent. (lungevity.org)
Antiangiogenic agents may thus be valuable for long-term administration to maintain tumor dormancy because drug resistance does not develop, and these agents have a sustained effect. (elsevierpure.com)

We aim to address this unmet need by using a proprietary computational drug discovery platform that identifies drug candidates with the potential to advance rapidly and successfully through preclinical studies.METHODS: We generated an in silico model of HCC biology to identify the top 10 small molecules with predicted efficacy. (stanford.edu)

These results lend strong support to the hypothesis that cellular resistance to actinomycin D is due to a lower capacity to take up actinomycin D as a result of a reduction in the permeability of the cellular plasma membrane to this drug. (elsevierpure.com)

Combining drugs with different mechanisms of action can produce larger therapeutic effects with fewer side effects. (doctorlib.info)

Our study reveals that the high diversity of actinobacterial strains and their NPs derivatives, described here provides a new perspective and direction for the production of new anti-CRC drugs and paves the way to innovation for drugs discovery in the future. (frontiersin.org)

The demand for the development of three-dimensional (3D) cell culture models in both/either drug screening and/or toxicology is gradually magnified. (bvsalud.org)

The AngioRx microvascular viability assay a laboratory test which identifies anti-angiogenic drug activity in live tumor microclusters. (lungevity.org)

Chemotherapy may be given with a curative intent (which almost always involves combinations of drugs) or it may aim to prolong life or to reduce symptoms (palliative chemotherapy). (wikipedia.org)
It is the only known technology which discriminates the effects of different types of anti-angiogenic drugs within the same class of drugs and within different classes of drugs, and is capable of identifying synergistic effects among different angiogenic and non-angiogenic drugs in specific drug combinations. (lungevity.org)

Chemotherapy with streptozocin (STZ) in combination with 5-FU or doxorubicin (Dox) represents a standard of care for patients with metastatic pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (pNEN). (cancerindex.org)

Anatomy7

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Chemicals and Drugs104

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment34

Phenomena and Processes68

Disciplines and Occupations2

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena1

Technology, Industry, Agriculture1

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Tumors4

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Cancer27

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Proteins3

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Clinical3

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