Resistance phenotypes. Medical search. Frequent questions

This has led to the hypothesis that clustering of risk factors such as insulin resistance and dyslipidaemia, may be an indication of an underlying metabolic disorder which increases the risk for premature atherosclerosis. (gla.ac.uk)

Current efforts to understand antibiotic resistance on the whole genome scale tend to focus on known genes even as high throughput sequencing strategies uncover novel mechanisms. (datadryad.org)
we sequenced genomic DNA from pools of E. coli clinical isolates with similar antibiotic resistance phenotypes using SOLiD technology to uncover SNPs unanimously conserved in each pool. (datadryad.org)
Alleles of the latter three genes are tightly linked among most sequenced E. coli genomes, and had not been implicated in antibiotic resistance previously. (datadryad.org)
Our approach uncovered evidence that additional DNA binding enzymes may contribute to fluoroquinolone resistance and further implicate environmental bacteria as a reservoir for antibiotic resistance. (datadryad.org)
The Antibiotic Resistance & Patient Safety Portal (AR&PSP) is an interactive web-based application that was created to innovatively display data collected through CDC's National Healthcare Safety Network (NHSN), the Antibiotic Resistance Laboratory Network (AR Lab Network), and other sources. (cdc.gov)
It offers enhanced data visualizations on Antibiotic Resistance, Use, and Stewardship datasets as well as Healthcare-Associated Infection (HAI) data. (cdc.gov)
AR data helps inform, but does not replace, national estimates of cases of infection reported by CDC in the Antibiotic Resistance Threats in the United States, 2019 (2019 AR Threats Report). (cdc.gov)
CDC's AR Lab Network supports nationwide lab capacity to rapidly detect antibiotic resistance and inform local responses to prevent spread and protect people. (cdc.gov)
Therefore, continuous inspections and monitoring of E. coli in minks are essential for detecting and controlling emerging E. coli with different serovars as well as antibiotic resistance. (hindawi.com)
The level of antibiotic resistance among pathogenic and commensal E. coli has steadily increased and has become a global health concern [ 7 , 8 ]. (hindawi.com)
This R-plasmid reservoir may contribute to the spread of multiple antibiotic resistance in our Region. (who.int)
As a result of antibiotic resistance, there are now limited options for treating patients. (peerj.com)
The target of this work was to generate information on circulating serotypes, antibiotic resistance and the presence of simultaneous resistance to multiple drugs in Salmonella from human clinical samples and food samples in the period from 2017 to 2019. (bvsalud.org)

About 80% of all newly diagnosed breast cancers have luminal cell phenotype and they express estrogen receptor (ERα). (nature.com)
We have discovered that Smac mimetics can induce long-term changes in the breast cancer cell phenotype which includes inflammatory signaling. (lu.se)

We present data on the occurrence and characterization of the resistance mechanisms of Nal S -Cip DS isolates in 685 Salmonella Typhi isolates of the French National Reference Center for Salmonella (FNRC-Salm). (cdc.gov)
among children in a pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) and reveal the role of hospitalization in the alteration of resistance phenotypes and clonal diversity of the isolates during admission and discharge periods. (biomedcentral.com)
High frequencies of the fecal Enterococcus isolates with vancomycin-resistance (VR, 32.6% and 41.9%), high-level of gentamicin-resistance (HLGR, 25.6% and 27.9%), and multi-drug resistance phenotypes (MDR, 48.8% and 65.1%) were detected at admission and discharge times, respectively. (biomedcentral.com)
Resistance to vancomycin, ampicillin, and rifampicin was higher among E. faecium , but resistance to ciprofloxacin was higher in E. faecalis isolates. (biomedcentral.com)
Assessment of Diversity of Antimicrobial Resistance Phenotypes and Genotypes of Mannheimia haemolytica Isolates From Bovine Nasopharyngeal Swabs. (tamu.edu)
Phenotype was determined by measuring minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) for 11 antimicrobials and classifying isolates as resistant or not. (tamu.edu)
Other common resistance determinants included mef (475 isolates), ermB (191 isolates), ermB + mef (48 isolates), tetM (261 isolates) and cat (51 isolates). (johnshopkins.edu)
Additional accessory resistance genes (tetS, tet32, aphA-3, sat4) were rarely detected (one to three isolates). (johnshopkins.edu)
Rare core genome mutations conferring erythromycin-resistance included a two-codon rplD insertion (rplD69-KG-70) and the 23S rRNA A2061G substitution (six isolates). (johnshopkins.edu)
Intermediate cotrimoxazole-resistance was associated with one or two codon insertions within folP (238 isolates) or the folA I100L substitution (38 isolates), whereas full cotrimoxazole-resistance was attributed to alterations in both genes (172 isolates). (johnshopkins.edu)
Active Bacterial Core surveillance team 2016, ' Using whole genome sequencing to identify resistance determinants and predict antimicrobial resistance phenotypes for year 2015 invasive pneumococcal disease isolates recovered in the United States ', Clinical Microbiology and Infection , vol. 22, no. 12, pp. 1002.e1-1002.e8. (johnshopkins.edu)
ABSTRACT We investigated antimicrobial resistance patterns and plasmid profiles of uropathogenic Escher- ichia coli isolates from inpatients and outpatients at Jordan University Hospital in 2000 and 2001. (who.int)

Characterization of AMR in M. haemolytica by culture and susceptibility testing is complicated by uncertainty regarding the number of colonies that must be selected to accurately characterize AMR phenotypes (antibiograms) and genotypes in a culture. (tamu.edu)

We report Salmonella enterica serotype Typhi strains with a nonclassical quinolone resistance phenotype (i.e., decreased susceptibility to ciprofloxacin but with susceptibility to nalidixic acid) associated with a nonsynonymous mutation at codon 464 of the gyrB gene. (cdc.gov)
Plasmid- encoded complementation of null strains with either allelic variant of mutM or ligB resulted in variable responses to ultraviolet light or hydrogen peroxide treatment as markers of induced DNA damage, indicating their importance in DNA metabolism and revealing a potential mechanism for fluoroquinolone resistance. (datadryad.org)
In this study, the prevalence, phenotypes, and clonal relationships of Escherichia coli ( E. coli ) strains isolated from minks were investigated. (hindawi.com)
In all the samples, 50 E. coli strains were isolated and then assigned to serotyping, antimicrobial susceptibility test, detection of antimicrobial resistance genes and the Class 1 integrons, and multilocus sequence typing (MLST). (hindawi.com)
We collected draft genome sequence data and associated metadata data on 76 N. gonorrhoeae strains from around the globe and searched for known determinants of antibiotics resistance within the strains. (peerj.com)
Strains with resistance phenotypes to more recent antibiotics ( azithromycin and cefixime ) were mostly found in two of the five population subgroups. (peerj.com)
The 16.9% the strains presented multiple resistance (3 or more antibiotics) with 37 different phenotypes. (bvsalud.org)

A genetic interaction is inferred when mutations or deletions in separate genes, each of which alone causes a minimal phenotype, result in lethality when combined in the same cell under a given condition. (thebiogrid.org)
The only specific treatment available for patients with genetic disorders causing GH resistance with growth failure due to GHRD, STAT5b mutations, ALS mutations, or IGF1 gene mutation is rhIGF-I. (medscape.com)
Thus, LYSET is required for correct functioning of the M6P trafficking machinery, and mutations in LYSET can explain the phenotype of the associated disorder. (stanford.edu)
Antimicrobial resistance occurs through different mechanisms, which include spontaneous (natural) genetic mutations and horizontal transfer of resistant genes through deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). (who.int)

Furthermore, poorer prognosis in cancer patients who display a glycolytic phenotype characterized by metabolic alterations, such as obesity and diabetes, is now well established, providing another link between metabolic pathways and cancer progression. (springer.com)
RESULTS: We found that different in vitro models of fulvestrant resistance show variable stability in their phenotypes, which corresponded with distinct genomic alterations. (lu.se)

The percent resistance describes the proportion of all pathogens that are resistant to certain antibiotics. (cdc.gov)

Diversity of M. haemolytica on bovine NPS was limited, suggesting that selection of few colonies might adequately identify relevant phenotypes and genotypes. (tamu.edu)

Our results showed that farmed minks could be reservoirs of antimicrobial-resistant E. coli with Class 1 integron cassettes and resistance genes, which were likely to pose a threat to public health. (hindawi.com)
The acquisition of resistance genes through a mechanism involving mobile genetic elements, such as plasmids and transposons, is considered a major contributor to antimicrobial resistance [ 9 , 10 ]. (hindawi.com)
A previous study also demonstrated that E. coli can carry resistance plasmids and can easily acquire resistance transfer genes [ 9 , 10 ]. (hindawi.com)
While the genetic architecture of NCLB has been well characterized, the pathogen is known to overcome currently deployed resistance genes, and the role of hormones in resistance to NCLB is an area of active research. (frontiersin.org)
Both qualitative resistance, conferred by a single gene, and quantitative resistance, conferred by multiple genes, have been characterized in maize. (frontiersin.org)
1. Advance three populations derived from the wheat accessions that carry three different Hessian fly (HF) resistance genes. (usda.gov)
3. Genotype the populations using GBS markers to determine the regions harboring resistance genes/QTLs. (usda.gov)
Findings from his research include the transporter molecule responsible for P. falciparum chloroquine resistance (PfCRT), the molecules responsible for antigenic variation and immune evasion by P. falciparum (var genes), a mechanism for sickle-cell trait protection against malaria, and the PfHRP-II protein used for malaria rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs). (nih.gov)
This report presents the status of AMR in Africa by analysing the main types of resistance and the underlying genes where possible. (who.int)

In addition, resistin mRNA was positively and independently correlated with insulin resistance and hepatic fat as measured by liver X-ray attenuation. (diabetesjournals.org)
Inactivation of TCF7L2 protein attained by removing the high-mobility group (HMG)-box DNA binding domain in mature adipocytes in vivo leads to whole-body glucose intolerance and hepatic insulin resistance. (medscape.com)

Because of the easily contaminated property of gastric samples and the limitations of primary culture, the functions of gastric CAFs (GCAFs) with specific phenotypes in malignant progression of gastric cancer are poorly understood. (biomedcentral.com)
This study was designed to understand the mechanism of tissue invasion and drug resistance in AML, including the possible role of Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal (EMT) in AML progression. (assignology.com)
Aggressive tumors typically demonstrate a high glycolytic rate, which results in resistance to radiation therapy and cancer progression via several molecular and physiologic mechanisms. (springer.com)
Moreover, overexpression of this cyclin was found to be a prognostic factor determining resistance to fulvestrant and shorter progression-free survival. (lu.se)

Using molecular characterization of treatment resistance and metastatic relapse we aim to identify new approaches for targeting resistant tumors with novel drugs and drug combinations. (lu.se)
This scenario is further complicated by the altered molecular phenotype featuring AT in obesity-induced inflammation and insulin resistance. (medscape.com)

In particular, dendritic cells and macrophages show markedly altered phenotypes during parasite infections. (york.ac.uk)
Maizels, RM & Hewitson, JP 2016, ' Myeloid Cell Phenotypes in Susceptibility and Resistance to Helminth Parasite Infections ', Microbiology spectrum , vol. 4, no. 6. (york.ac.uk)

The presence of neurotransmitter receptors in microglia illustrates their functional connection to neurons and this receptor activation could cause microglial cells to perform different activation phenotypes ( Pocock and Kettenmann, 2007 ). (frontiersin.org)
The results indicate that therapeutic drugs induce a migratory EMT phenotype that may facilitate the interaction of AML cells with microglial cells. (assignology.com)

Intriguingly, perivascular tumor cells can also express HIF-2α, thereby forming a "pseudohypoxic" phenotype that further contributes to tumor aggressiveness. (lu.se)
Comparison of pre- and post-treatment paired tumor biopsies from patients treated with fulvestrant revealed an upregulation of cyclin E2 upon development of resistance. (lu.se)

The assessed biomarkers and phenotypes allow for risk stratification (OS, PFS), diagnostic classification and enhance the biological understanding of the different subtypes of neuroendocrine tumors revealing potential new therapy options and clarifying known resistance mechanisms. (oncotarget.com)
The Warburg phenotype provides tumors an enhanced resistance against cytotoxic insults. (springer.com)

Lyset knockout mice exhibited MLII-like phenotypes and human pathogenic LYSET alleles failed to restore lysosomal sorting defects. (stanford.edu)

The prevalence of insulin resistance and the atherogenic lipoprotein phenotype in Singapore may be higher than other population because of the high prevalence of diabetes mellitus. (gla.ac.uk)
The threat of bovine respiratory disease (BRD) for cattle operations is exacerbated by increasing prevalence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in Mannheimia haemolytica, a leading cause of BRD. (tamu.edu)
There are many resistance mechanisms underlying the emergence and prevalence of antimicrobial resistance. (hindawi.com)

We screened 252 lines from the exotic-derived double haploid BGEM maize population for resistance to NCLB in both field and greenhouse environments. (frontiersin.org)
We conducted a greenhouse assay in which we inhibited ethylene to examine the role of ethylene in resistance to NCLB. (frontiersin.org)
2. Phenotype the F4 populations in greenhouse for HF resistance. (usda.gov)
The preferential appearance in the field and in the greenhouse of new RAPD-PCR phenotypes of S. avenae on cv. (cambridge.org)

In this proof-of-concept study, we investigated the effect of modulating dietary macronutrient composition according to muscle insulin-resistant (MIR) or liver insulin-resistant (LIR) phenotypes on cardiometabolic health. (ljmu.ac.uk)

Activated gastric CAFs correlate with a poor prognosis of cancer patients and may contribute to the malignant phenotype and the development of resistance to 5-fluorouracil via paracrine action in gastric cancer. (biomedcentral.com)

At the genic level, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in noncoding regions of the human resistin gene were either not significantly associated with insulin resistance ( 4 , 5 ) or associated with an insulin sensitivity index in the case of a different promoter SNP from the one that we present in this article ( 6 ). (diabetesjournals.org)
Compared with other types of lipodystrophy, acquired partial lipodystrophy is seldom associated with insulin resistance and its related metabolic derangements. (medscape.com)

Thrifty phenotype refers to the correlation between low birth weight of neonates and the increased risk of developing metabolic syndromes later in life, including type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. (wikipedia.org)

This phenotype is associated with increased subcutaneous adipose tissue mass, adipocyte hypertrophy, and inflammation. (medscape.com)

Our data suggest that organ-specific resistance might result directly from transcriptional regulation of the resistance gene itself. (unina.it)
For those with secondary forms of GH resistance, other than that due to GH inactivating antibodies in rhGH-treated patients with GH1 gene deletion who require rhIGF-I treatment, the underlying cause (eg, malnutrition, liver disease) should be identified and treated appropriately. (medscape.com)

Our whole genome sequence (WGS) pipeline was assessed for accurate prediction of antimicrobial phenotypes. (johnshopkins.edu)

Our study confirms the potential of the BGEM population as a source of novel alleles for resistance. (frontiersin.org)

Treatment with appropriate antimicrobial drugs has become hampered by gradual plasmid-mediated resistance to ampicillin, chloramphenicol, and cotrimoxazole, particularly in southern and Southeast Asia ( 2 ). (cdc.gov)
Nalidixic, Ampicillin and Nitrofurantoin, to a lesser degree resistance to cephalosporins (C3ªG) and ciprofloxacin was evidenced. (bvsalud.org)

We investigate determinants of Smac-responsiveness and ways to circumvent resistance to Smac mimetics. (lu.se)

Two thirds of breast cancers express the luminal estrogen receptor-positive (ERα + ) phenotype that is initially responsive to antihormonal therapies, but drug resistance emerges. (nature.com)
METHODS: To study the complexity of the mechanisms involved in the resistance to the selective estrogen receptor degrader (SERD) fulvestrant, we performed comprehensive biomarker analyses using several in vitro models that recapitulate the heterogeneity of developed resistance. (lu.se)
CONCLUSIONS: These data highlight the complexity of estrogen receptor positive breast cancer and suggest that the development of diverse resistance mechanisms dictate levels of ER independence and potentially cross-resistance to CDK inhibitors. (lu.se)

Rabson-Mendenhall syndrome is a rare disorder characterized by severe insulin resistance, a condition in which the body's tissues and organs do not respond properly to the hormone insulin. (medlineplus.gov)
Severe insulin resistance in people with Rabson-Mendenhall syndrome affects the development of many parts of the body. (medlineplus.gov)
Rabson-Mendenhall syndrome is one of a group of related conditions described as inherited severe insulin resistance syndromes. (medlineplus.gov)

RESUME Nous avons étudié la résistance aux antimicrobiens et les profils plasmidiques des isolats d' Escherichia coli uropathogénique chez des malades hospitalisés et des malades externes à l'Hôpital universitaire jordanien en 2000 et 2001. (who.int)

This unmet need is mainly due to the heterogeneity underlying both the mechanisms involved in resistance development and breast cancer itself. (lu.se)

This paradox generates doubts about whether the thrifty phenotype is adaptive for human offspring. (wikipedia.org)

For a full list of pathogen-drug combinations, read the Phenotype Definitions pdf icon [PDF - 5 pages] document available in the "About the Data" section of the AR&PSP. (cdc.gov)

In 2001, Hales and Barker updated the hypothesis by positing that the thrifty phenotype may be an evolutionary adaptation: the thrifty phenotype responds to fetal malnutrition by selectively preserving more vital organs of the body and preparing the fetus for a postnatal environment where resources will be scarce. (wikipedia.org)

The CAD patients also demonstrated some features of insulin resistance, such as hyperinsulinaemic and hyperglycaemic response, both after the standardised fat meal as well as after a modified glucose meal carried in almost fat free yoghurt. (gla.ac.uk)
There were also ethnic differences in markers of insulin resistance such as fasting insulin and fasting glucose and these difference paralleled that seen in LDL-III concentration. (gla.ac.uk)
The adipocyte secreted hormone resistin has been proposed as a link between the adipocyte and insulin resistance by inhibition of insulin-stimulated glucose uptake and/or blocking adipocyte differentiation. (diabetesjournals.org)
In people with Rabson-Mendenhall syndrome, insulin resistance impairs blood glucose regulation and ultimately leads to a condition called diabetes mellitus, in which blood glucose levels can become dangerously high. (medlineplus.gov)
This severe resistance to the effects of insulin impairs blood glucose regulation and affects many aspects of development in people with Rabson-Mendenhall syndrome. (medlineplus.gov)

El objetivo de este trabajo fue generar información sobre los serotipos circulantes, resistencia a los antibióticos y presencia de resistencia simultánea a múltiples fármacos en Salmonella provenientes de muestras clínicas humanas y muestras de alimentos en el periodo desde 2017 a 2019. (bvsalud.org)
Fueron analizadas un total de 668 cepas de Salmonella aisladas en los años 2017, 2018 y 2019 a partir de muestras clínicas humanas y de alimentos, en el Laboratorio Central de Salud Pública y/o remitidas por Laboratorios de la Red de Enteropatógenos. (bvsalud.org)

The finding that the matrix stiffness is a central cue to the ERα phenotype reveals a mechanobiological component in breast tissue hormonal signaling and enables the development of novel therapeutic interventions. (nature.com)

Consequently, our in vitro study revealed the possible roles of GCAFs in the malignant phenotype and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) drug resistance in gastric cancer. (biomedcentral.com)
The mechanism of HBV resistance to nucleoside analogs are described as well as the concept for multiple drug therapy and combination with immunostimulatory approaches. (nih.gov)
These findings mean that EMT causes drug resistance in AML treatment because of its ability to influence cell adhesiveness. (assignology.com)
Although the findings of this study are pivotal to understanding the mechanism of drug resistance, the focus has only been on tissue invasion. (assignology.com)
The report also includes a summary on the status of drug resistance for TB, HIV and malaria. (who.int)
Clinical tools to predict both drug resistance and possible treatment combination approaches to overcome it are lacking. (lu.se)
PDX models are clinically relevant models which can be used to decipher treatment resistance and for preclinical drug testing. (lu.se)

Our overall goals are to investigate mechanisms of treatment resistance and to identify and test novel therapies against high-risk neuroblastoma. (lu.se)

BACKGROUND: Resistance to endocrine treatment in metastatic breast cancer is a major clinical challenge. (lu.se)

observing greater resistance to Tetracycline, Ác. (bvsalud.org)

A more explicit definition of the features of chemotherapy resistance in HB represents a fundamental urgent need. (bvsalud.org)

Our results indicate that the presence of the transgene has a positive yet only marginally significant effect on tuber disease resistance on average. (unina.it)
We also confirm the role of ethylene in resistance to NCLB and contribute to the growing body of literature on ethylene and disease resistance in monocots. (frontiersin.org)

The increase in bacterial resistance constitutes a threat to public health. (bvsalud.org)

Lewis phenotypes, insulin resistance, and risk of ischaemic heart disease. (bmj.com)
Genetic counseling regarding mode of transmission, the contribution of consanguinity, and the risk of future offspring having conditions causing GH resistance is an important aspect of education and prevention. (medscape.com)

Other endocrine abnormalities, such as TSH resistance, could be associated findings. (medscape.com)

Anatomy7

Organisms31

Diseases14

Chemicals and Drugs87

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment38

Phenomena and Processes86

Disciplines and Occupations1

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena2

Information Science4

Health Care2

Geographicals3

Underlying metabolic1

Antibiotic resistance13

Cell phenotype2

Isolates12

Characterize1

Strains7

Mutations4

Alterations2

Pathogens1

Genotypes1

Genes9

Hepatic2

Progression4

Molecular2

Infections2

Microglial cells2

Tumor2

Tumors2

Pathogenic1

Prevalence3

Greenhouse4

Insulin-resistant1

Development of resistance1

Associated with insulin resistance2

Correlation1

Subcutaneous1

Gene2

Whole genome1

Alleles1

Ampicillin2

Determinants1

Estrogen receptor3

Severe insulin resistance3

Escherichia1

Heterogeneity1

Adaptive1

Definitions1

Evolutionary1

Glucose5

20192

Therapeutic1

Drug7

Neuroblastoma1

Metastatic1

Tetracycline1

Chemotherapy1

Disease resistance2

Threat to public health1

Risk2

Endocrine1