Penicillin ResistancePenicillinsPenicillin GStreptococcus pneumoniaeDrug Resistance, MicrobialDrug Resistance, BacterialAnti-Bacterial AgentsMicrobial Sensitivity TestsPenicillin VPneumococcal InfectionsPenicillin-Binding ProteinsDrug ResistanceMuramoylpentapeptide CarboxypeptidaseHexosyltransferasesPeptidyl TransferasesDrug Resistance, MultipleDrug Resistance, Multiple, BacterialPenicillinaseDisease ResistancePenicillin G ProcaineBacterial ProteinsNeisseria gonorrhoeaeDrug Resistance, NeoplasmPenicillin AmidaseErythromycinTetracycline ResistanceDNA, BacterialPlant DiseasesGenes, BacterialLactamsPenicillin G BenzathineMolecular Sequence Databeta-LactamasesSerotypingTetracyclinePlasmidsR FactorsMacrolidesTransformation, BacterialAminoacyltransferasesMutationAmpicillinVascular ResistanceDrug Resistance, ViralStreptococcal InfectionsTransformation, GeneticCarrier Proteinsbeta-LactamsOxacillinStaphylococcusCefotaximeBase SequencePolymerase Chain ReactionStreptococcusEscherichia coliElectrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-FieldConjugation, GeneticStaphylococcus aureusNasopharynxPneumococcal VaccinesChloramphenicol ResistanceAmino Acid SequenceSequence Analysis, DNAGenes, MDRMoraxella (Branhamella) catarrhalisPneumonia, PneumococcalIntegronsStreptomycinBacteriaGenes, Plantbeta-Lactam ResistanceImmunity, InnateCarrier StateDNA Transposable ElementsAmpicillin ResistanceP-GlycoproteinCulture MediaDrug Resistance, FungalKanamycinKanamycin ResistancePhenotypeCommunity-Acquired InfectionsRespiratory Tract InfectionsSpainMolecular EpidemiologyDNA FingerprintingHaemophilus influenzaeGentamicinsBacteremiaNeisseria meningitidisCephalosporinsSpectinomycinGenotypeCloning, MolecularAminoglycosidesAirway ResistanceAnti-Infective AgentsBacterial Typing TechniquesChloramphenicolEnterobacteriaceae