Residues phosphate binding proteins. Medical search. Frequent questions

Protein tyrosine kinases are enzymes that catalyze the transfer of phosphate from ATP to tyrosine residues in polypeptides. (aacrjournals.org)
1 Insulin receptor functions as an enzyme that transfers phosphate groups from ATP to tyrosine residues on intracellular target proteins. (sputnic-group.ru)
Transiently phosphorylates GTF2I on tyrosine residues in response to B cell receptor crosslinking. (lu.se)

As both enzymes bind biphosphate substrates, each half barrel has a phosphate-binding motif, and HisF even exhibits limited HisA catalytic activity. (the-scientist.com)
Furthermore, two Asp residues, conserved in the majority of Argonaute sequences, align spatially with the catalytic Asp residues of RNase H-like catalytic sites, suggesting that in eukaryotic Argonaute proteins the RNase H-like domain may possess nuclease activity. (rcsb.org)
The second part is focused on a new family of two-component response regulator proteins that lack the catalytic aspartate residue that mimics the phosphorylation mechanism of typical 2-component response regulators. (uwm.edu)
The protein encoded by this gene belongs to a large family of proteins defined by an alpha/beta hydrolase fold, and contains three sequence motifs that correspond to a catalytic triad found in the esterase/lipase/thioesterase subfamily. (thermofisher.com)
It differs from other members of this subfamily in that its putative catalytic triad contains an asparagine instead of the serine residue. (thermofisher.com)
Binding of insulin to the alpha subunits causes the beta subunits to phosphorylate themselves (autophosphorylation), thus activating the catalytic activity of the receptor. (sputnic-group.ru)
Cyclic AMP binds to specific locations on the regulatory units of the protein kinase, and causes dissociation between the regulatory and catalytic subunits, thus enabling those catalytic units to phosphorylate substrate proteins. (wikipedia.org)

Pleckstrin, the protein where this domain was first detected, is the major substrate of protein kinase C in platelets. (embl.de)
Pfp (Cthe_0347) was previously characterized as pyrophosphate dependent with fructose-6-phosphate (F6P) as its substrate. (biomedcentral.com)
An example of enzymes that bind a single substrate and release multiple products are proteases , which cleave one protein substrate into two polypeptide products. (wikipedia.org)
in such cases, it is helpful to determine the enzyme structure with and without bound substrate analogues that do not undergo the enzymatic reaction. (wikipedia.org)
Several intracellular proteins have been identified as phosphorylation substrates for the insulin receptor, the best-studied of which is insulin receptor substrate 1 or IRS-1. (sputnic-group.ru)
The kinetic analysis revealed that the mutant is able to bind the substrate and a competitive inhibitor, such as inorganic phosphate. (unifi.it)
PLP and the substrate glycine bind in the active site of this reduced enzyme and appear to cause further conformational changes involving a flexible surface loop. (nih.gov)
The pattern of conserved amino acids in the putative substrate binding pocket of the enzyme reveals that it is most closely related to a hyperthermophilic aromatic residue aminotransferase from the archeon Pyrococcus horikoshii. (unipr.it)

In collaboration with Dr. Cathy Drennan (MIT), we have determined the structure of the enzyme from E. coli with substrates bound. (hawaii.edu)
Dihydrofolate reductase from E. coli with its two substrates dihydrofolate (right) and NADPH (left), bound in the active site. (wikipedia.org)
for example, glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase has three substrates and two products. (wikipedia.org)
When enzymes bind multiple substrates, such as dihydrofolate reductase (shown right), enzyme kinetics can also show the sequence in which these substrates bind and the sequence in which products are released. (wikipedia.org)
The active subunits catalyze the transfer of phosphate from ATP to specific serine or threonine residues of protein substrates. (wikipedia.org)

Both DNA variants affect highly conserved residues of S1PR2 and are predicted to be damaging by multiple bioinformatics tools. (omicsdi.org)
These substitutions either create premature termination codons, which lead to truncated proteins, or substitute highly conserved residues in the bHLH region. (biomedcentral.com)

The major subunits of the TOC complex (Toc75, Toc90 and Toc34) and TIC complex (Tic214, Tic20, Tic100 and Tic56), three chloroplast translocon-associated proteins (Ctap3, Ctap4 and Ctap5) and three newly identified small inner-membrane proteins (Simp1-3) have been located in the supercomplex. (nature.com)
Fig. 4: Arrangement of protein subunits and lipid molecules in the inner-membrane complex. (nature.com)
Coexpressed subunits of dual genetic origin define a conserved supercomplex mediating essential protein import into chloroplasts. (nature.com)
2 The GTP probe specifically labels small GTPases and G-protein coupled receptor GTPase subunits. (thermofisher.com)
The resultant protein (BfrB), which assembles into a 445.3 kDa complex0020from 24 identical subunits, binds 12 molecules of heme axially coordinated by two Met residues. (ku.edu)
Based on primary sequence comparisons, β subunits are predicted to be modular structures composed of five domains (A-E) that are related to the large family of membrane-associated guanylate kinase proteins. (jneurosci.org)

The PX domain is a phosphoinositide (PI) binding module present in many proteins with diverse functions such as cell signaling, vesicular trafficking, protein sorting, and lipid modification, among others. (nih.gov)
Using tobacco pollen tubes as a model, we addressed the signaling effects of PA by probing the functions of three most relevant enzymes that regulate the production and degradation of PA, namely, phospholipases D (PLD), diacylglycerol kinases (DGKs), and lipid phosphate phosphatases (LPPs). (frontiersin.org)
1994). High-res- belongs to the family of intracellular lipid bind- olution crystal structures (Sacchetti ni et al. (lu.se)
Lipid synthesis requires bulk carbon skeleton acyl-CoAs, the transport of which depends on the acyl-CoA binding protein (ACBP). (biomedcentral.com)
Before entering lipid synthesis pathways, different kinds of acyl-CoA transporters which acts as the major carrier of acyl-CoAs, such as fatty acid binding protein (FABP), sterol carrier protein 2 (SCP2) and acyl-CoA-binding protein (ACBP), would activate and convert fatty acids to fatty acyl-CoA esters via a reaction catalyzed by fatty acyl-CoA synthetase and transported to various metabolic locations [ 11 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
There are two types of hormones secreted in the endocrine system: Steroidal (or lipid based) and non-steroidal, (or protein based) hormones. (diabetestalk.net)

The phosphate is bound to the protein backbone through phosphorylated serine or threonine amino acid residues. (wikipedia.org)
Thermo Scientific Active Site Probes covalently bind to the active sites of kinases, GTPases and serine hydrolases to enable selective enrichment and profiling of target enzyme classes. (thermofisher.com)
Thermo Scientific Pierce Active Site Probes are chemical probes that covalently bind to the active sites of specific enzyme classes such as kinases, GTPases, and serine hydrolases. (thermofisher.com)
Glycine decarboxylase, or P-protein, is a pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP)-dependent enzyme in one-carbon metabolism of all organisms, in the glycine and serine catabolism of vertebrates, and in the photorespiratory pathway of oxygenic phototrophs. (nih.gov)

As many kinases, GTPases, and other nucleotide binding proteins bind nucleotides or inhibitors even when they are enzymatically inactive, these reagents allow both inactive and active enzymes to be profiled in a complex sample. (thermofisher.com)
In addition, cAMP binds to and regulates the function of ion channels such as the HCN channels and a few other cyclic nucleotide-binding proteins such as Epac1 and RAPGEF2 . (wikipedia.org)

A majority of PX domain containing proteins binds phosphatidylinositol-3-phosphate (PI3P) at this site. (nih.gov)
Mutations identified in many SH2 domain-containing proteins as well as the SH2 domain itself are associated with human diseases ranging from cancers, diabetes, to immunodeficiencies. (eu.org)

and binds plasminogen, via lysine residues. (leibniz-hki.de)
A. Nucleotide analogues bind to the active sites of ATPases or GTPases and the biotin affinity tag is irreversibly transferred to highly conserved lysine residues in the active site. (thermofisher.com)

The first part of my work is a mechanistic enzymology project aimed at understanding the structure and mechanism of the novel pyridoxal-5'-phosphate (PLP)-dependent L-arginine hydroxylase/deaminase, MppP, from Streptomyces wadayamensis (SwMppP). (uwm.edu)
Sequence comparison with several pyridoxal 5'-phosphate- containing proteins reveals the presence of a lysine residue assumed to be involved in cofactor binding. (unipr.it)
Sequence analysis showed moderate homology to several vitamin B(6) dependent enzymes, suggesting that it may bind pyridoxal-5'-phosphate. (unipr.it)
The active site contains a bound pyridoxal-5'-phosphate, covalently attached to the conserved active site lysine residue Lys236. (unipr.it)

propose that an ancestral protein motif was duplicated and fused to produce the HisA isomerase enzyme, before a second duplication and further evolution yielded the more complex HisF synthase activity. (the-scientist.com)
Dr. Silvaggi Lab is working on many proteins (like ADC family, RitR) and exploring the mechanisms based on their structure and enzyme kinetics. (uwm.edu)
My work spans two important areas of biochemistry: enzyme catalysis and regulation of gene expression by DNA-binding proteins. (uwm.edu)
The extent of production is 25-fold higher than in chloroplast from spinach leaves and the recombinant protein presents the relative molecular mass and immunological properties of the natural enzyme from spinach leaf chloroplast. (unipr.it)
On the basis of this structure, and related mechanistic studies, we have proposed that the biotin thiophane sulfur is derived from a [2Fe-2S] cluster bound within the core of the enzyme. (hawaii.edu)
We now demonstrate that this enzyme can also phosphorylate sedoheptulose-7-phosphate (an intermediate in the pentose phosphate pathway), with the V max and K m of F6P being approximately 15 folds higher and 43 folds lower, respectively, in comparison to sedoheptulose-7-phosphate. (biomedcentral.com)
Candidates for each step are identified by using ublast (a fast alternative to protein BLAST) against a database of manually-curated proteins (most of which are experimentally characterized) or by using HMMer with enzyme models (usually from TIGRFam ). (lbl.gov)
Abstract: The crystal structure of the bovine liver low M(r) phosphotyrosine protein phosphatase suggests the involvement of aspartic acid-129 in enzyme catalysis. (unifi.it)
The structure analysis of YbdL to 2.35 A resolution by protein crystallography verifies that it is a PLP dependent enzyme of fold type I, the typical aspartate aminotransferase fold. (unipr.it)

The conserved region around the C-terminus of the PIWI domain, which is required for small interfering RNA (siRNA) binding to AfPiwi, may function as the receptor site for the obligatory 5' phosphate of siRNAs, thereby specifying the cleavage position of the target mRNA. (rcsb.org)
leading to recessive, early-onset progressive hearing loss was detected and exome sequencing revealed a Thr289Arg substitution in Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Receptor-2 (S1pr2). (omicsdi.org)
Employing various pharmacological S1PR (S1P receptor) agonists and antagonists, along with siRNA (small interfering RNA) techniques and genetic knockout approaches, we identify the S1PR2 as the specific and necessary receptor to induce phosphorylation of ERM proteins and subsequent filopodia formation. (omicsdi.org)
NCK is a major adaptor protein involved in membrane receptor signalling and modulation of actin cytoskeleton dynamics. (eu.org)
Ser/Thr protein kinases such as the Akt/Rac family, the beta-adrenergic receptor kinases, the mu isoform of PKC and the trypanosomal NrkA family. (embl.de)
Here the possibility that this is accompanied by a corresponding episode of accelerated evolution of IGF1 receptor (IGF1R), insulin receptor (IR) and/or IGF binding proteins (IGFBPs) was investigated. (figshare.com)
Analysis of receptor sequences from a range of primates and some non-primate mammals showed that accelerated evolution did indeed occur on this branch in the case of IGF1R and IR, but not for the similar insulin receptor-related receptor (IRRR) which does not bind insulin or IGF1. (figshare.com)
Marked accelerated evolution on this branch was also seen for some IGFBPs, but not the mannose 6-phosphate/IGF2 receptor or epidermal growth factor receptor. (figshare.com)
Application of the branch-sites method showed dN/dS ratios significantly greater than 1.0 for both receptor ectodomains and for IGFBP1, and allowed identification of residues likely to have been subject to selection. (figshare.com)
For the most part, the residues that change on this branch could not be associated with specific functional aspects (ligand binding, receptor dimerization, glycosylation) and the physiological significance of this coevolution remains to be established. (figshare.com)
The activated receptor then phosphorylates a number of intracellular proteins, which in turn alters their activity, thereby generating a biological response. (sputnic-group.ru)
Anti-Phospho-Insulin Receptor (Tyr960) specifically detects endogenous levels of phosphorylated insulin receptor-beta protein. (sputnic-group.ru)
The cloning of cDNA and genomic DNA encoding the PTH/parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) receptor. (massgeneral.org)

What protein catalyses Direct Reversal of Guanine methylation? (goconqr.com)
Regulators of small G-proteins like guanine nucleotide releasing factor GNRP (Ras-GRF) (which contains 2 PH domains), guanine nucleotide exchange proteins like vav, dbl, SoS and Saccharomyces cerevisiae CDC24, GTPase activating proteins like rasGAP and BEM2/IPL2, and the human break point cluster protein bcr. (embl.de)
In 1998 a family of cAMP-sensitive proteins with guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) activity was discovered. (wikipedia.org)

Tyrosine protein kinases belonging to the Btk/Itk/Tec subfamily. (embl.de)
It is also involved in the activation of protein kinases . (wikipedia.org)
Not all protein kinases respond to cAMP. (wikipedia.org)
Several classes of protein kinases , including protein kinase C, are not cAMP-dependent. (wikipedia.org)

Domain commonly found in eukaryotic signalling proteins. (embl.de)
PCC 6803 is an α2 homodimer with high homology to eukaryotic P-proteins. (nih.gov)

Preincubation of samples with small molecule inhibitors that compete for active site probes can be used to determine inhibitor binding affinity. (thermofisher.com)
Point mutations cluster into the positively charged end of the molecule around the predicted binding site for phosphatidylinositol lipids. (embl.de)
BfrB, isolated with 5-10 iron atoms per protein molecule, was reconstituted with ferrous ions to prepare samples with a core mineral containing 600 ± 40 ferric ions per BfrB molecule and approximately one phosphate molecule per iron atom. (ku.edu)

SCOP: Structural Classification of Proteins and ASTRAL. (berkeley.edu)
SCOPe: Structural Classification of Proteins - extended. (berkeley.edu)

We are using biophysical tools to determine the regulatory mechanisms of proteins with redox-sensitive ALR domains. (uwm.edu)
Variants produced by substitution of Cys(972) and Cys(353) by Ser using site-directed mutagenesis have distinctly lower specific activities, supporting the crucial role of these highly conserved redox-sensitive amino acid residues for P-protein activity. (nih.gov)

SH2 domains are phosphotyrosine recognition domains, often mediating transient interactions with target proteins. (eu.org)

Our structural and functional assays demonstrate the different binding modes of chemically distinct agonists of S1PRs, reveal the mechanical switch that activates these receptors, and provide a framework for understanding ligand selectivity and G protein coupling. (rcsb.org)
The crystal structure of an archaeal Piwi protein (AfPiwi) is organised into two domains, one resembling the sugar-binding portion of the lac repressor and another with similarity to RNase H. Invariant residues and a coordinated metal ion lie in a pocket that surrounds the conserved C-terminus of the protein, defining a key functional region in the PIWI domain. (rcsb.org)
Our results indicate a significant functional role of APP and amyloid precursor-like protein 2 (APLP2) in the development of synaptic function by the regulation of glutamatergic neurotransmission. (phoenixpeptide.com)
Our approach relies on the selective introduction of two different functional moieties in a protein by mutually orthogonal copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) and oxime ligation. (beilstein-journals.org)

The human NCK1 (Nckα) and NCK2 (Nckβ/GRB4) SH2 domains show a degree of partner specificity but share the same mode of ligand binding ( Frese,2006 ) and belong to the class IA family which contains an aromatic residue (Phe) at the specificity-determining βD5 position ( Kaneko,2010 ). (eu.org)

Fermentation of cellulosic biomass goes through an atypical glycolytic pathway in this thermophilic bacterium, with various glycolytic enzymes capable of utilizing different phosphate donors, including GTP and inorganic pyrophosphate (PP i ), in addition to or in place of the usual ATP. (biomedcentral.com)
In addition, we hypothesized that there different phosphate sensing mechanisms might occur in S. moellendorffii and P. sumniferum . (biomedcentral.com)

We show here that photosynthesis is stimulated by a novel, intracellular alpha-CA bound to the chloroplast thylakoids. (lookformedical.com)

These findings along with previous proteomic data suggest that Pfp, plays a role in both glycolysis and the pentose phosphate pathway, while PfkA and PfkB may phosphorylate sugars in glycolysis but is responsible for sugar metabolism elsewhere under conditions outside of growth on sufficient cellobiose. (biomedcentral.com)
The Endocrine Unit focuses on metabolic bone diseases and mineral metabolism and ranges from trials of novel therapies for osteoporosis to use of genetically altered mice and cell biology to understand calcium and phosphate metabolism. (massgeneral.org)

Results from additional experimentation indicate that Bfd must bind to BfrB to promote heme mediation of electrons from the surface to the core to support the efficient mobilization of ferrous ions from BfrB. (ku.edu)

E. coli-derived human Abhd5 recombinant protein (Position: R169-D349). (thermofisher.com)
The NcACBP recombinant protein was able to specifically bind acyl-CoA esters in vitro . (biomedcentral.com)

The derived amino acid sequence indicates that the protein precursor consists of 383 amino acid residues including a N-terminal presequence peptide of 52 residues. (unipr.it)

The amyloid precursor protein (APP), the source of the neurotoxic amyloid beta (A beta) peptide involved in Alzheimer's disease (AD), belongs to a conserved family of related proteins. (phoenixpeptide.com)
Three loops surround the peptide binding pocket and are important for specificity: Because these loops can be flexible, considerable variation in peptide binding can apply for any given SH2 domain. (eu.org)
Supporting Information: LC-MS characterization of GSH-MDI reaction products, Tables of peptides matched to albumin or modified albumin, and MS/MS data on the GSH-MDI modified albumin peptide containing residues 411-428. (cdc.gov)

The sphingosine-1-phosphate receptors (S1PRs) are a well-studied class of transmembrane G protein-coupled sphingolipid receptors that mediate multiple cellular processes. (omicsdi.org)
These residues were concentrated in the N-terminal half of the IGF1R ectodomain but the C-terminal half of the IR ectodomain, which could have implications for the formation of hybrid receptors. (figshare.com)
[1] Adenylate cyclase is activated by a range of signaling molecules through the activation of adenylate cyclase stimulatory G ( G s )-protein-coupled receptors. (wikipedia.org)
Adenylate cyclase is inhibited by agonists of adenylate cyclase inhibitory G ( G i )-protein-coupled receptors. (wikipedia.org)

The primase pUL70 contains several conserved motifs or regions, including a region (residues 881-920) that corresponds to a putative zinc-finger pattern shown to play essential role in HSV-1 ( Biswas and Weller, 1999 ). (frontiersin.org)
They are able to bind specific motifs containing a phosphorylated tyrosine residue, propagating the signal downstream by promoting protein-protein interactions and/or modifying enzymatic activities. (eu.org)
Several different binding motifs are known, for example: pYEEI (Src-family SH2 domains), pY [IV]. (eu.org)
The C-terminal half of the SH2 domain exhibits greater structural variability and provides a platform for accommodating different kinds of SH2-binding motifs. (eu.org)

There are no totally invariant residues within the PH domain. (embl.de)

Herein, we present five cryo-electron microscopy structures of S1PRs bound to diverse drug agonists and the heterotrimeric Gi protein. (rcsb.org)
I like crystallography, which is an important tool to determine protein structures. (uwm.edu)
Table 4-1 Idealized φ and ψ angles for common secondary structures in proteins. (cedarhurstevents.org)

By using sequence alignment of herpesviruses homologs, we identified conserved amino acids in the putative pUL105 ATP binding site and in the putative pUL70 zinc finger pattern. (frontiersin.org)
The sequence encoded a novel protein rich in alanine (25%) and proline (20%), which contained regions similar to proteins of comparable amino acid composition such as extracellular matrix components or the membrane-cytoskeletal linker synapsin. (lookformedical.com)

Although simple iron-sulfur clusters are spontaneously assembled in solution, virtually all known organisms contain specific proteins that function to guide the controlled assembly of [2Fe-2S] and [4Fe 4S] clusters. (hawaii.edu)
Protein kinase A can also phosphorylate specific proteins that bind to promoter regions of DNA, causing increases in transcription. (wikipedia.org)

Taken together, the results demonstrate a novel mechanism by which S1P regulates cellular architecture that requires S1PR2 and subsequent phosphorylation of ERM proteins. (omicsdi.org)
and even the role of particular amino acid residues in the mechanism. (wikipedia.org)

Richardson, L. G. L. & Schnell, D. J. Origins, function, and regulation of the TOC-TIC general protein import machinery of plastids. (nature.com)
Several S. cerevisiae proteins involved in cell cycle regulation and bud formation like BEM2, BEM3, BUD4 and the BEM1-binding proteins BOI2 (BEB1) and BOI1 (BOB1). (embl.de)
The involvement of viral DNA-binding proteins in the regulation of virulence genes, transcription, DNA replication, and repair make them significant targets. (mdpi.com)

Mouse protein citron, a putative rho/rac effector that binds to the GTP-bound forms of rho and rac. (embl.de)

Previously we demonstrated that the sphingolipids ceramide and S1P (sphingosine 1-phosphate) regulate phosphorylation of the ERM (ezrin/radixin/moesin) family of cytoskeletal proteins [Canals, Jenkins, Roddy, Hernande-Corbacho, Obeid and Hannun (2010) J. Biol. (omicsdi.org)
Cytoskeletal proteins such as dynamin (see IPR001401 ), Caenorhabditis elegans kinesin-like protein unc-104 (see IPR001752 ), spectrin beta-chain, syntrophin (2 PH domains) and S. cerevisiae nuclear migration protein NUM1. (embl.de)

The binding affinity of an SH2 domain to a pTyr containing ligand is moderate, with the typical affinity range between 0.1 µМ to 10 µМ for equilibrium dissociation constant values (Kd) ( Kaneko,2012 ). (eu.org)
In the canonical mode of SH2 binding, regions on either side of the central β sheet are involved in ligand binding. (eu.org)
These so-called aspartate-less receiver domain (ALR) proteins are not regulated by phosphorylation, but by other factors such as binding of a ligand. (uwm.edu)
Despite these fluctuations, Lysine Surface Cluster (KSC), and the third residue of Phosphate Binding Sites (PBS) showed complete conservation in almost all of SPXs except few proteins in Selaginella moellendorffii and Papaver sumniferum, suggesting they might have different ligand preferences. (biomedcentral.com)

In the present article, we show that exogenously applied or endogenously generated S1P (in a sphingosine kinase-dependent manner) results in significant increases in phosphorylation of ERM proteins as well as filopodia formation. (omicsdi.org)
Our structure showed that N53 takes the place of the phosphorylatable aspartate residue of typical response regulators, and the Mg 2+ -binding site required for phosphorylation is disrupted in RitR. (uwm.edu)
The tyrosine phosphorylation of Tyr-223 may create a docking site for a SH2 containing protein. (lu.se)

Sphingosine 1-phosphate induces filopodia formation through S1PR2 activation of ERM proteins. (omicsdi.org)
Molecular modeling predicts that these variants affect binding of sphingosine-1-phosphate (p.Arg108Pro) and G protein docking (p.Tyr140Cys). (omicsdi.org)

Osteonectin is a 40 kDa acidic and cysteine-rich glycoprotein consisting of a single polypeptide chain that can be broken into 4 domains: 1) a Ca2+ binding domain near the glutamic acid-rich region at the amino terminus (domain I), 2) a cysteine-rich domain (II), 3) a hydrophilic region (domain III), and 4) an EF hand motif at the carboxy terminus region (domain IV). (wikipedia.org)
The Tir protein of EPEC binds NCK1/NCK2 SH2 domains through a high affinity pYDEV motif ( Frese,2006 ). (eu.org)

Osteonectin is an acidic extracellular matrix glycoprotein that plays a vital role in bone mineralization, cell-matrix interactions, and collagen binding. (wikipedia.org)
In NCK SH2 domains, the EF loop is positioned away from the BG loop, exposing the pY+3 binding pocket where the side chain of Val forms tight interactions. (eu.org)
The residue at pY+2 does not make direct side chain interactions with the SH2 domain, but aromatic residues are not allowed. (eu.org)
Structural Basis for Biological Function (DNA-Protein Interactions) Quiz on Protein-DNA Interactions- DNA Repair, created by gina_evans0312 on 24/12/2013. (goconqr.com)
Through these interactions, PH domains play a role in recruiting proteins to different membranes, thus targeting them to appropriate cellular compartments or enabling them to interact with other components of the signal transduction pathways. (embl.de)
A protein's structure is stabilized largely by weak interactions. (cedarhurstevents.org)
Protein complexes, which are formed as a result of these interactions, consist of two or more components that associate along specific pathways - protein association pathways. (lu.se)

In a previous study, we highlighted the predictive value of in silico molecular dynamics (MD) simulations in deciphering the molecular function of TWIST1 residues. (biomedcentral.com)
Here, since the substitution of the arginine 154 amino acid by a glycine residue (R154G) is responsible for the SCS phenotype and the substitution of arginine 154 by a proline experimentally decreases the dimerizing ability of TWIST1, we investigated the molecular impact of this point mutation using MD approaches. (biomedcentral.com)
DNA in chromatin is organized in arrays of nucleosomes 1 .Two copies of each histone protein, H2A, H2B, H3 and H4, are assembled into an octamer that has 145?147 base pairs (bp) of DNA wrapped around it to form a nucleosome core (of relative molecular mass 206K). (nature.com)

These are termed Exchange proteins activated by cAMP (Epac) and the family comprises Epac1 and Epac2 . (wikipedia.org)

Instead, a neck-linker element of 15 amino acid residues at the carboxyl terminus of the motor domain undergoes a nucleotide-dependent conformational change between a structured, docked state in the ATP-bound form and a more mobile conformation attained following phosphate release Rice et al, testoviron fass. (cedarhurstevents.org)

Val and Pro confer high-affinity binding at pY+3 - Ala and Ile are tolerated but confer weaker binding. (eu.org)
Recently, high-affinity, high-specificity single-chain variable fragment (scFv) antibodies against pThr-231 tau were generated and the most promising variant (scFv 3.24) displayed 20-fold increased binding affinity to pThr-231 tau compared to the wild-type. (uconn.edu)
The increased affinity was hypothesized to occur due to allosteric communication between the framework region and binding site. (uconn.edu)

Src Homology 2 (SH2) domains are small modular domains found within a great number of proteins involved in different signalling pathways. (eu.org)
The Src Homology 2 (SH2) domain is a major protein interaction module that is central to tyrosine kinase signaling. (eu.org)
Pleckstrin homology (PH) domains are small modular domains that occur in a large variety of proteins. (embl.de)

Which residues bind to the phosphate backbone in photolyase? (goconqr.com)

Oxysterol binding proteins OSBP, S. cerevisiae OSH1 and YHR073w. (embl.de)
S. cerevisiae hypothetical proteins YBR129c and YHR155w. (embl.de)

Candida albicans uses human complement regulators such as factor H and factor H-like protein 1 (FHL-1) for immune evasion. (leibniz-hki.de)
The 3 human complement regulators, when attached to candida Gpd2, became functionally active, and the attached host proteins assist in inactivation of the complement cascade or cleave fibrinogen in the extracellular matrix component fibrinogen. (leibniz-hki.de)
Thus, candida Gpd2 is a novel fungal immune evasion protein that binds several human complement regulators and, in addition, binds human cells. (leibniz-hki.de)

Osteonectin (ON) also known as secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC) or basement-membrane protein 40 (BM-40) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SPARC gene. (wikipedia.org)

New drugs targeting essential viral proteins other than pUL54 are therefore urgently needed. (frontiersin.org)
In addition to the use of chemical labeling methods to study structure and function of proteins in vitro and in vivo, chemoselective conjugation techniques are also used to functionalize artificial protein scaffolds, such as viral capsids [5-7] . (beilstein-journals.org)

Structure of the homodimeric glycine decarboxylase P-protein from Synechocystis sp. (nih.gov)
The presence of the disulfide bridge isolates the active site from solvent and hinders the binding of PLP and glycine in the active site. (nih.gov)

The fundamental engines of RNA silencing are RISC and RITS complexes, whose common components are 21-25 nt RNA and an Argonaute protein containing a PIWI domain of unknown function. (rcsb.org)
TWIST1 proteins can form either homodimeric (TWIST1/TWIST1) or heterodimeric complexes, mainly in association with E2A proteins. (biomedcentral.com)

To add new tools to the repertoire of protein-based multivalent scaffold design, we have developed a novel dual-labeling strategy for proteins that combines residue-specific incorporation of unnatural amino acids with chemical oxidative aldehyde formation at the N -terminus of a protein. (beilstein-journals.org)

Inspection of known binders reveals that weak residues are tolerated at pY+3 when pY+1 is strong and vice-versa, but are not tolerated at both positions. (eu.org)
The X-ray structure of the casposase bound to DNA representing the product of integration reveals a tetramer with target DNA bound snugly between two dimers in which single-stranded casposon end binding resembles that of spacer 3'-overhangs. (elifesciences.org)

In eukaryotes, cyclic AMP works by activating protein kinase A (PKA, or cAMP-dependent protein kinase ). (wikipedia.org)
Further effects mainly depend on cAMP-dependent protein kinase , which vary based on the type of cell. (wikipedia.org)

Embryonic stem cell-derived neurons as a cellular system to study gene function: lack of amyloid precursor proteins APP and APLP2 leads to defective synaptic transmission. (phoenixpeptide.com)
Although the amyloid precursor protein (APP) and its proteolysis are regarded as key elements of the pathology of Alzheimer's disease, the physiological function of APP is not well understood and mice lacking App and the related gene Aplp2 die early postnatally without any obvious histopathological abnormalities. (phoenixpeptide.com)
Mechanisms of pathway activation other than mutation have been discovered in recent years, and include overexpression mediated by gene amplification or by amplification of a dinucleotide repeat in the EGFR promoter, mutation of an extracellular region on EGFR generating a mutant protein termed EGFRvIII, and enhanced signaling due to heterodimerization with other members of the EGFR family, particularly overexpression of HER2/HER3. (aacrjournals.org)
The ybdL gene of Escherichia coli codes for a protein of unknown function. (unipr.it)

Osteonectin is a glycoprotein in the bone that binds calcium. (wikipedia.org)
Near the thyroid are 4 tiny pea-shaped organs, the parathyroids, that secrete parathormone to control and balance the levels of calcium and phosphate in the blood and tissue fluids. (medscape.com)

Protein performs its biological functions by interacting with other proteins. (lu.se)

Positively charged residues are disfavoured at pY-1 and pY-2 due to the positively charged SH2 domain surface, but are tolerated when pY+1 and pY+3 are strong residues. (eu.org)

Identification of the Alzheimer's disease amyloid precursor protein (APP) and its homologue APLP2 as essential modulators of glucose and insulin homeostasis and growth. (phoenixpeptide.com)
In mammals, the APP family contains amyloid precursor-like protein 1 (APLP1) and amyloid precursor-like protein 2 (APLP2). (phoenixpeptide.com)

Chemicals and Drugs5

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment1

Phenomena and Processes5

Information Science2

Tyrosine residues3

Catalytic7

Substrate8

Substrates5

Highly conserved residues2

Subunits6

Lipid6

Serine4

Nucleotide binding2

Domain containi2

Lysine residues2

Pyridoxal4

Enzyme9

Receptor13

Guanine3

Kinases4

Eukaryotic2

Molecule3

Structural Classifi2

Redox-sensitive2

Target proteins1

Functional4

Aromatic residue1

Different phosphate2

Intracellular1

Metabolism2

Ions1

Recombinant protein2

Amino acid seq1

Peptide3

Receptors4

Motifs4

Invariant1

Structures3

Sequence2

Specific proteins2

Mechanism2

Regulation3

Putative1

Cytoskeletal2

Ligand4

Phosphorylation3

Sphingosine2

Motif2

Interactions7

Molecular3

Exchange proteins1

Conformation1

Affinity3

Homology3

Backbone1

Cerevisiae2

Regulators3

Cysteine1

Viral2

Glycine2

Complexes2

Scaffold1

Reveals2

Kinase2

Gene4

Calcium2

Biological1

Positively1

Precursor2