Residues of histone proteins histones. Medical search. Frequent questions

Inhibition of HDAc activity results in increased acetylation of histone proteins and an epigenetic alteration that results in a relaxing of chromatin, leading to transcriptional activation. (medscape.com)
Nucleophosmin (NPM1) is a multifunctional histone chaperone that can activate acetylation-dependent transcription from chromatin templates in vitro . (nih.gov)
10. Histone H4 acetylation differentially modulates arginine methylation by an in Cis mechanism. (nih.gov)
Writers modify histones by adding chemical groups that result in acetylation, phosphorylation, methylation, or other modification types, while erasers remove these groups. (genengnews.com)
In this article, we will dissect three widely studied histone PTM categories - acetylation, methylation, and phosphorylation - unraveling their function and how they impact on our biological makeup. (stratech.co.uk)
First on our list is histone acetylation, a highly abundant modification that is associated with gene activation. (stratech.co.uk)
Studies of HATs and histone deacetylation enzymes (HDACs) have demonstrated that histone acetylation generally has rapid turnover in the cell 8 and plays important roles in cell division 5,8 . (stratech.co.uk)
Acetylation of lysine residues on histone tails, such as H3K27ac, reduces intra-nucleosome interactions, particularly between DNA and histones 9 . (stratech.co.uk)
Histone tail acetylation counteracts repressive methylation marks at promoters and enhancers, supporting gene activation. (stratech.co.uk)
Recently, histone proteins were found to undergo succinylation, adding to other well-known PTMs such as acetylation, methylation, and phosphorylation. (hindawi.com)
Since the first identification of ε -acetylation of lysine in histone proteins [ 1 , 2 ], several hundred protein posttranslational modifications (PTMs) have been identified in both histone and nonhistone proteins. (hindawi.com)
For example, for histone lysine acetylation, HATs (such as p300 and CBP) transfer acetyl groups from acetyl-CoA, a key metabolic coenzyme, to the ε -amino group of the lysine residue. (hindawi.com)
More recently, advances in proteomic technology have shown that reversible acetylation of the ε-amino group of lysine provides an additional means of modulating protein function and, in particular, enzyme activity. (diabetesjournals.org)
Here, we explored the extent of protein acetylation in an organ susceptible to the long-term complications of diabetes, examining the kidneys of rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes and kidney cells exposed to high glucose. (diabetesjournals.org)
These findings highlight acetylation as a posttranslational modification affecting numerous proteins. (diabetesjournals.org)
AAC03, anti-acetyl lysine antibody is a pan-acetyl lysine mouse monoclonal antibody that is part of the Signal-Seeker™ product line.The Anti-acetyl-lysine antibody recognizes proteins post-translationally modified by acetylation on the epsilon amine groups of lysine residues that occur on 30-50% of all proteins and in particular histones, p53, tubulin and myosin. (cytoskeleton.com)
Histone acetyltransferases (HATs) enzymes regulate the acetylation of histones and non-histone proteins. (mobitec.com)
The acetylation of the e-amino groups of lysine residues present at histone tails correlates largely with transcriptional activation, but it is also involved in DNA replication, DNA repair and protein-protein interactions. (mobitec.com)
2009). Epigenetic regulation can involve a variety of chemical modifications of the DNA (e.g., methylation) and the histone proteins around which the DNA is wrapped (e.g., methylation, acetylation, phosphorylation, ubiquitinylation, ADP-ribosylation, and sumoylation), as well as the actions of small molecules called noncoding microRNAs (miRNAs). (nih.gov)
Taken together, the results obtained from this study provide important insights into human PA200-induced 20S gate opening for substrate degradation and the opportunities to explore the mechanism for its recognition of H4 histone in acetylation-mediated proteasomal degradation. (rcsb.org)

More recent findings show that arginine-specific methylation of histones may cooperate with other types of posttransitional histone modification to regulate chromatin structure and gene transcription [ 21 ]. (hindawi.com)
The encoded enzyme catalyzes the methylation of guanidino nitrogens of arginyl residues of proteins. (nih.gov)
3. Histone H2A and H4 N-terminal tails are positioned by the MEP50 WD repeat protein for efficient methylation by the PRMT5 arginine methyltransferase. (nih.gov)
6. Computational Study of Symmetric Methylation on Histone Arginine Catalyzed by Protein Arginine Methyltransferase PRMT5 through QM/MM MD and Free Energy Simulations. (nih.gov)
8. A TGFβ-PRMT5-MEP50 axis regulates cancer cell invasion through histone H3 and H4 arginine methylation coupled transcriptional activation and repression. (nih.gov)
17. KSHV encoded ORF59 modulates histone arginine methylation of the viral genome to promote viral reactivation. (nih.gov)
18. PRMT5-mediated histone arginine methylation antagonizes transcriptional repression by polycomb complex PRC2. (nih.gov)
20. The dual epigenetic role of PRMT5 in acute myeloid leukemia: gene activation and repression via histone arginine methylation. (nih.gov)
Many histone PTMs also engage in "crosstalk" with other chromatin features, such as DNA methylation, creating multi-layered systems of transcriptional control6. (stratech.co.uk)
NSD methyltransferases exhibit an autoinhibitory state that is relieved by binding to nucleosomes, enabling di-methylation of histone H3 at Lys36 (H3K36). (phys.org)
The DNA- and histone-specific contacts between NSD2 or NSD3 and the nucleosome precisely position the enzyme on the nucleosome , explaining the H3K36 methylation specificity. (phys.org)
Post-translational modification of histones by methylation of lysine residues can promote transcriptional activation or repression. (bertin-bioreagent.com)
Tissue and gene enrichment assays showed that the genes that were over-expressed in the CNS were related to functions including neurodevelopment, histone methylation, neurogenesis and synaptic modification. (pharmaceuticalintelligence.com)

Linker histones bind to the nucleosome and regulate the structure and function of chromatin. (nih.gov)
We have previously shown that the globular domains of chicken H5 and Drosophila H1 linker histones bind to the nucleosome with on- or off-dyad modes, respectively. (nih.gov)
Histones are responsible for maintaining the shape and structure of a nucleosome. (wikipedia.org)
Physically, there are small changes on the surface area of the nucleosome that make the histone differ from H2A. (wikipedia.org)
Recent studies also show that nucleosome assembly protein 1 is also used to transport of H2A into the nucleus so it can wrap DNA. (wikipedia.org)
The basic block of eukaryotic chromatin is the nucleosome, which consists of DNA wrapping around a histone octamer comprised of one (H3-H4)2 tetramer and two H2A-H2B dimers. (nih.gov)
PCNA is a hub protein that mediates DNA replication, replication-coupled nucleosome assembly, and TLS. (nih.gov)
H4 LRS mutations mostly or entirely embedded in the nucleosome, but not those We identified multiple UV sensitive or resistant histone H4 LRS on the nucleosome surface, attenuate TLS and UV mutagenesis. (nih.gov)
This process neutralizes the positive charge of histones, loosening histone-DNA interactions and (in some cases) destabilizing nucleosome structure 5,7,8 . (stratech.co.uk)
Histone residues in the nucleosome core (e.g. (stratech.co.uk)
Recently, SUSTech research team made new achievements in the study of the cryo-EM structures of NSD2 and NSD3 in complex with nucleosome, which provided molecular insights into the nucleosome based recognition and histone -modification mechanisms of NSD2 and NSD3. (phys.org)
Genomic DNA wraps around the histone octamer (H2A, H2B, H3, and H4) to form the fundamental unit of chromatin-nucleosome. (phys.org)
Researchers captured detailed three-dimensional molecular structures of NSDs protein in complex with nucleosome by state-of-the-art cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM). (phys.org)
They have found that the binding of NSD2 and NSD3 to nucleosome causes DNA near the linker region to unwrap, which releases space for the insertion of NSD protein catalytic domain between the histone octamer and the unwrapped segment of DNA. (phys.org)
A nucleosome is a section of DNA that is wrapped around a core of proteins. (vidque.com)
The nucleosome consists of DNA and proteins. (vidque.com)
Nucleosome Core DNA The DNA associates with the histone octamer such that nucleosome dyad axis passes through a single base pair at the center of the structure. (vidque.com)
Each nucleosome is composed of a little less than two turns of DNA wrapped around a set of eight proteins called histones, which is known as histone octamer. (vidque.com)
In the nucleosome DNA is wound around the core of histone octamer. (vidque.com)
The nucleosome is the fundamental subunit of chromatin and every nucleosome consists of touch but two turns of DNA wrapped around a group of eight proteins called histones or the histone octamer. (vidque.com)

Arginine (Arg) is one of the most important residues in catalytic centers of many enzymes. (hindawi.com)
Multiple signal-transducing modifications on side chain residues of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) and histone proteins are used to create docking sites that facilitate proximal relations of enzymes and their substrates. (broadinstitute.org)
Epigenetic regulators often constitute chromatin-modifying enzymes which catalyze the addition and removal of posttranslational modifications on histones and are involved in the control of gene expression by modulating chromatin structure and function. (elifesciences.org)
Enzymes known as histone acetyltransferases (HATs) attach an acetyl group to histone lysine residues. (stratech.co.uk)
Histone proteins are dynamically modified at specific amino acid residues by a variety of histone-modifying enzymes such as histone acetyl transferases (HATs) and histone methyl transferases (HMTs). (hindawi.com)
These modifying groups are removed by their cognate enzymes (e.g., histone deacetylases (HDACs) and histone demethylases (HDMs)) [ 6 , 8 ]. (hindawi.com)
To catalyze protein modification, many histone-modifying enzymes utilize coenzymes that are derived from cellular metabolic reactions, providing a link between the cellular metabolic state and gene regulation [ 15 ]. (hindawi.com)
Although SIRT5 was identified as a responsible "eraser" for lysine succinylation in mitochondria [ 17 , 18 ], the enzymes that regulate histone lysine succinylation in the nucleus remain elusive. (hindawi.com)
Proteins of indi- mitochondrial enzymes, in Ixodes scapularis and Ambly- vidual ticks were reduced with 100 mmol/L dithiothreitol, omma americanum ticks for months after molting. (cdc.gov)

Histone PTMs occur on nucleosomes, the basic repeating unit of chromatin, composed of a histone octamer core wrapped by ~147 bp of DNA4. (stratech.co.uk)
It is formed by the wrapping of DNA around a histone octamer. (vidque.com)
Each histone octamer is composed of two copies of each histone proteins i.e. (vidque.com)

Panobinostat is a histone deacetylase (HDAc) inhibitor. (medscape.com)
Beleodaq is a histone deacetylase inhibitor indicated for the treatment of patients with relapsed or refractory peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL). (nih.gov)
The mitotic deacetylase complex (MiDAC) is a recently identified histone deacetylase (HDAC) complex. (elifesciences.org)

Histones are proteins that package DNA into nucleosomes. (wikipedia.org)
PTMs on the tails of histone proteins can make nucleosomes more compact or "closed", creating dense heterochromatin to block transcriptional activation (Figure 1). (stratech.co.uk)
The researchers also found that the contacts between NSD proteins and nucleosomes are altered by the recurrent cancer-associated mutations in NSD2 and NSD3. (phys.org)
Nucleosomes are the basic packing unit of DNA built from histone proteins around which DNA is coiled. (vidque.com)

Histone lysine methyltransferases catalyze the transfer of up to three methyl groups to specific lysine (K) residues on the tails of histones H3 and H4, which is critical for the regulation of chromatin structure and gene expression. (phys.org)

HDAc catalyzes the removal of acetyl groups from the lysine residues of histones and some nonhistone proteins. (medscape.com)

The term "Histone H2A" is intentionally non-specific and refers to a variety of closely related proteins that vary often by only a few amino acids. (wikipedia.org)
It has a very ionizable amino acid, and it is found most frequently buried in the protein interior [ 2 - 5 ]. (hindawi.com)
The results show that SEELA mediated cis-activated transcription of the nearby oncogene Serine incorporate 2 ( SERINC2 ) by directly binding to the K31 amino acid (aa) of histone H4. (biomedcentral.com)
Histones contains large amount of basic amino acid, arginine and lysine. (vidque.com)
Histones are rich in the basic amino acid residues lysines and arginines with charged side chains. (vidque.com)
In vertebrates, H2A.Z has two hypervariants, H2A.Z.1 and H2A.Z.2, that have almost identical sequences except for three amino acid residues. (eneuro.org)

The enzyme acts specifically on histones and other chromatin-associated proteins and is involved in regulation of gene expression. (nih.gov)
These features, along with transcription factors and other chromatin-associated proteins (green), regulate chromatin accessibility (open vs. closed). (stratech.co.uk)

AF9), and double plant homeodomain proteins (e.g. (stratech.co.uk)

On the other hand, sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), one of the HDACs, removes the acetyl group from histone lysine residues using NAD + as a cofactor [ 15 ]. (hindawi.com)

Among them, the families of histone acetyltransferases (HATs) and histone deacetylases (HDACs) acetylate and deacetylate lysine residues on histones and other proteins, respectively ( Shahbazian and Grunstein, 2007 ). (elifesciences.org)

PCGF2 is a component of the polycomb repressive complex 1 (PRC1), a multiprotein complex which controls gene silencing through histone modification and chromatin remodelling. (nih.gov)
Posttranslational modification (PTM) of proteins is used to regulate protein activity and stability. (hindawi.com)

Vincristine inhibits cellular mitosis by inhibition of intracellular tubulin function, binding to microtubules, and synthesis of spindle proteins in the S phase. (medscape.com)
It turns out that viruses have evolved histone-like proteins, "histone mimics," that undergo the same post-translational modifications as histones, and when concentrated in the cell nucleus they can distort gene regulation through competitive inhibition by tricking epigenetic regulators with their clever disguise. (genengnews.com)

This gene belongs to the protein arginine methyltransferase (PRMT) family. (nih.gov)
Unraveling the complexity of histone-arginine methyltransferase CARM1 in cancer: From underlying mechanisms to targeted therapeutics. (nih.gov)
Histone arginine methyltransferase CARM1 selective inhibitor TP-064 induces apoptosis in endometrial cancer. (nih.gov)
Protein arginine N-methyltransferase 1 gene polymorphism is associated with proliferative diabetic retinopathy in a Japanese population. (nih.gov)
2. The macromolecular complexes of histones affect protein arginine methyltransferase activities. (nih.gov)
4. Human protein arginine methyltransferase 7 (PRMT7) is a type III enzyme forming ω-NG-monomethylated arginine residues. (nih.gov)
5. Mammalian protein arginine methyltransferase 7 (PRMT7) specifically targets RXR sites in lysine- and arginine-rich regions. (nih.gov)
7. Unique Features of Human Protein Arginine Methyltransferase 9 (PRMT9) and Its Substrate RNA Splicing Factor SF3B2. (nih.gov)
9. PRMT7 as a unique member of the protein arginine methyltransferase family: A review. (nih.gov)
11. Protein Arginine Methyltransferase Product Specificity Is Mediated by Distinct Active-site Architectures. (nih.gov)
12. Transient Kinetics Define a Complete Kinetic Model for Protein Arginine Methyltransferase 1. (nih.gov)
13. Kinetic analysis of human protein arginine N-methyltransferase 2: formation of monomethyl- and asymmetric dimethyl-arginine residues on histone H4. (nih.gov)
14. PRMT7, a new protein arginine methyltransferase that synthesizes symmetric dimethylarginine. (nih.gov)
15. Protein arginine methyltransferase 5 catalyzes substrate dimethylation in a distributive fashion. (nih.gov)
BACKGROUND The histone methyltransferase (HMT) family includes histone lysine methyltransferases (HKMTs) and histone/protein arginine methyltransferases (PRMTs). (cancerindex.org)

One chromatin molecule is composed of at least one of each core histones per 100 base pairs of DNA. (wikipedia.org)
HAT p300 is a transcriptional coactivator that acetylates core histones facilitating chromatin decondensation and recruiting basic RNA polymerase machinery. (mobitec.com)

The enzyme may act in association with other proteins or within multi-protein complexes and may play a role in cell type-specific functions and cell lineage specification. (nih.gov)
Mutant PCGF2 may have dominant-negative effects, sequestering PRC1 components into complexes that lack the ability to interact efficiently with histones. (nih.gov)
Many proteins can bind or "read" acetylated lysine, leading to recruitment of larger chromatin modifying and/or remodeling complexes, transcriptional activators, or even histone chaperone proteins 5 . (stratech.co.uk)
Proteasomes are highly abundant and conserved protease complexes that eliminate unwanted proteins in the cells. (rcsb.org)

The PHF23 plant homeodomain (PHD) motif is known to bind to H3K4me3 residues, and chromatin immunoprecipitation experiments demonstrated that the NP23 protein binds to chromatin at a specific subset of H3K4me3 sites, including at Hoxa, Hoxb, and Meis1. (nih.gov)
Binds to trimethylated lysine residues in histones, and possibly also other proteins. (nih.gov)

BDs bind acetylated lysine residues on target proteins, including histones. (chemdiv.com)
BET bromodomain inhibitors (BBIs) bind to the acetyl-lysine binding pockets of proteins within the BET bromodomain subfamily (BRD2, BRD3, BRD4, and BRDT), and they interfere with the protein's ability to perform its normal function as an epigenetic reader by blocking its interaction with acetylated histone lysine residues. (genengnews.com)
Our structural data also indicate that PA200 has two openings formed by numerous positively charged residues that respectively bind (5,6)-bisdiphosphoinositol tetrakisphosphate (5,6[PP]2-InsP4) and inositol hexakisphosphate (InsP6) and are likely to be the gates that lead unfolded proteins through PA200 and into the 20S. (rcsb.org)

The important task of recognizing these modifications falls to reader proteins. (genengnews.com)
Normally, the host would counteract the invasion by making slight modifications to the mimicked protein. (genengnews.com)
We argue that multiple histone modifications, like RTK modifications, promote switch-like behavior and ensure robustness of the signal, and we compare this interpretation with the histone code hypothesis. (broadinstitute.org)
The "histone code" hypothesis posits that epigenetic features, specifically histone post-translational modifications (PTMs), act as a unique molecular language to regulate chromatin structure and gene expression1-3. (stratech.co.uk)
Histones and histone modifications. (umassmed.edu)
Protein post-translational modifications (PTMs) can regulate protein activity and localization as well as protein-protein interactions in numerous cellular processes, thus leading to elaborate regulation of plant responses to various external stimuli. (mdpi.com)

Three analogues of arginine, L -canavanine (Cav), L -norcanavanine (NCav), and L -sulfoarginine (sArg), can be recognized as substrates of HArgS when incorporated in different peptide and protein sequences instead of L -arginine. (hindawi.com)
For added convenience, this kit includes two peptide substrates: histone H3 (1-21) peptide and non-histone p53 peptide (368-386). (mobitec.com)

The proteasome pathway is an enzyme complex existing in all cells, which degrades ubiquitinated proteins that control the cell cycle and cellular processes and maintains cellular homeostasis. (medscape.com)
Currently in Phase I trials for advanced B-cell lymphomas, Constellation's EZH2 inhibitor, CPI-1205, promotes transcription by binding to the active site of EZH2, an enzyme that normally represses transcription by "writing" methyl groups to a particular lysine residue on the histone H3 tail. (genengnews.com)
However, there is little information regarding the enzyme which catalyzes histone lysine succinylation. (hindawi.com)
Therefore, there is little information regarding the enzyme that catalyzes histone lysine succinylation or even whether this reaction is in fact enzyme-dependent. (hindawi.com)

At the conference, Dr. Tarakhovsky discussed the existence of a histone mimic in yellow fever, its contribution to the disease, and its remarkable similarity to an epigenetic drug: "yellow fever has a protein that operates in a fashion very similar to the human-made bromodomain inhibitors. (genengnews.com)
Structure-activity relationship (SAR) studies have been employed to design potent and selective inhibitors of these proteins, including BIX-01294 and UNC0638, with IC50 values in the nanomolar range. (bertin-bioreagent.com)

These and other findings that followed have revolutionized our understanding of how biomolecules are organized in space and time within cells to perform myriad biological functions, including cell fate determination, signal transduction, endocytosis, regulation of gene expression and protein translation, and regulation of RNA metabolism. (stanford.edu)

In eukaryotes, the organization of DNA is complex and is carried out by a set of positively charged basic proteins called histones. (vidque.com)

Generation and Biochemical Characterization of Phase-Separated Droplets Formed by Nucleic Acid Binding Proteins: Using HP1 as a Model System. (stanford.edu)

it mediates monoubiquitination of histone H2A 'Lys-119', rendering chromatin heritably changed in its expressibility. (nih.gov)

Proteins responsible for nuclear import of H2A protein are karyopherin and importin. (wikipedia.org)
Proteins that methylate histones on arginine residues can collaborate with other coactivators such as nuclear receptors. (hindawi.com)
The nuclear receptor-binding SET Domain (NSD) family protein is closely connected with many cancers. (phys.org)
In this study, we tested histone succinylation activity in vitro using cell nuclear extracts of HepG2 cells. (hindawi.com)
Although whole nuclear extracts did not show histone succinylation activity, we found that an SP 1.0 M KCl fraction of nuclear extracts indeed had such activity. (hindawi.com)
Although whole nuclear extracts did not show histone succinylation activity, we found that the strong cation exchange column-binding fraction (HiTrap SP column, 1.0 M KCl-eluted fraction) of nuclear extracts indeed possessed succinylation activity. (hindawi.com)
The acetylated microtubule network is clearly visible with TSA-treatment, while the green fluorescent nuclear intensity indicate the high abundance of acetylated proteins in the nucleus. (cytoskeleton.com)

NSD family proteins are specific histone H3 lysine 36 methyltransferases. (phys.org)

The nht, mia, sa and rye proteins contain histone fold domain dimerization motifs. (sdbonline.org)

Dysregulation of histone lysine methyltransferases has been implicated in various cancers and numerous other diseases. (phys.org)

Histone H2A is one of the five main histone proteins involved in the structure of chromatin in eukaryotic cells. (wikipedia.org)
Antimicrobial peptide: Histones are conserved eukaryotic cationic proteins present in the cells and are involved in the antimicrobial activities. (wikipedia.org)
Eukaryotic DNA interacts with the equal weight histones. (vidque.com)
The histone variant H2A.Z is an essential and conserved regulator of eukaryotic gene transcription. (eneuro.org)

Being their affinity higher for proteins with multiple acetylated residues, BRD4 and the other BET proteins, interact with hyper-acetylated histone regions along the chromatin, accumulating on transcriptionally active regulatory elements and promoting gene transcription both at initiation and elongation step. (chemdiv.com)

Strongly enhanced bands at 55 and 14-16 kDa in TSA-treated lysate correspond to acetylated tubulin and histone proteins, respectively. (cytoskeleton.com)

Scientists have known that viral proteins from infectious diseases like Zika, dengue, yellow fever, and influenza accumulate in the nucleus of infected cells, but they did not know what purpose those proteins served. (genengnews.com)
These data offer the first direct evidence that histone succinylation is an enzymatic PTM as are other histone codes in the nucleus. (hindawi.com)
Inside the nucleus, DNA forms a complex with proteins called chromatin, which allows the DNA to be condensed into a smaller volume. (vidque.com)

Site specific ubiquitination of histone H2A has a role in the recruitment of DNA repair proteins to DNA double strand breaks which then may be repaired by either homologous recombination or non-homologous end joining. (wikipedia.org)

Histone PTMs can also promote an "open" chromatin structure, making DNA more accessible and/or creating protein binding sites, which support gene expression5. (stratech.co.uk)
Different histone PTMs or combinations of histone PTMs have distinct impacts on chromatin structure. (stratech.co.uk)
Histone PTMs are regarded as some of the most important, as they can directly regulate gene expression through chromatin reorganization. (hindawi.com)
The role of PTMs in protein transportation, DNA repair, and gene regulation is apparent. (hindawi.com)
Among them, PTMs of histone proteins are regarded as extremely important because they can directly regulate gene expression through chromatin reorganization [ 5 - 7 ]. (hindawi.com)

There are many complications, however, in assigning the functions of catalytic residues, due to the multistep nature of a chemical reaction. (hindawi.com)
Arg is in the 3rd place of the enzymatic frequency distribution and constitutes 11% of catalytic residues [ 3 ]. (hindawi.com)

BRD4 was first identified as a cell cycle controlling protein, which associates with chromosomes during mitosis to mark genes whose ready transcription in G1 is required to ensure cell cycle progression. (chemdiv.com)
It is proposed that the products of the five Drosophila genes encoding testis TAF homologs collaborate in an alternative TAF-containing protein complex to regulate a testis-specific gene expression program in primary spermatocytes required for terminal differentiation of male germ cells (Hiller, 2004). (sdbonline.org)
For example, an alternate form of TAF4 (TAF4b -- formerly hTAF II 105) highly expressed in granulosa cells was found to associate with TBP and TAF1 in a large, TFIID-like protein complex in ovarian extracts (Freiman, 2001) and to be required for normal follicular development and for expression of a number of genes in developing ovarian follicles in mice (Hiller, 2004 and references therein). (sdbonline.org)
To identify proteins that might collaborate with the dTAF5 homolog can to regulate expression of specific target genes in Drosophila spermatocytes, the expression and function of other TAF II homologs in the Drosophila genome were investigated (Hiller, 2004). (sdbonline.org)
Hypervariant-specific RNAi and microarray analyses revealed that H2A.Z.1 and H2A.Z.2 regulate basal expression of largely nonoverlapping gene sets, including genes that code for several synaptic proteins. (eneuro.org)

Importantly, the genomic loci of lnc-eRNAs overlap with those of tissue-specific enhancers [ 6 ], and lnc-eRNA expression is tightly correlated with the epigenetic signatures of enhancers that are controlled by histone modifiers [ 7 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

Sequences of these proteins corresponded would likely have acquired the infection from that verte- to the source of the blood for the ticks. (cdc.gov)

The nht and rye proteins interact structurally when co-expressed in bacteria, similarly to their generally expressed homologs TAF4 and TAF12, which heterodimerize. (sdbonline.org)

In vertebrates and invertebrates, Histone H2A variant is reported to be involved in host immune response by acting as antimicrobial peptides (AMPs). (wikipedia.org)

The MLL fusion oncoprotein transcriptionally activates oncogenes to induce hematologic malignancy by interacting with BRD4 [ 23 ], which is a member of the bromodomain and extraterminal motif (BET) protein family and an epigenetic reader. (biomedcentral.com)

Chromatin-bound SEELA strengthens the interaction between chromatin and histone modifiers to promote histone recognition and oncogene transcription. (biomedcentral.com)

BRD4), YEATS domain proteins (e.g. (stratech.co.uk)

Anatomy21

Organisms15

Chemicals and Drugs110

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment29

Phenomena and Processes85

Disciplines and Occupations1

Information Science3

Health Care2

Acetylation20

Methylation13

Nucleosome20

Enzymes9

Octamer3

Deacetylase3

Nucleosomes4

Tails1

Nonhistone proteins1

Amino6

Chromatin-associated proteins2

Homeodomain Proteins1

Acetyl group1

Acetyltransferases1

Modification2

Inhibition2

Methyltransferase15

Core histones2

Complexes4

Binds2

Bind3

Modifications6

Substrates2

Enzyme4

Inhibitors2

Signal Transduction1

Positively charged1

Binding Proteins1

Mediates1

Nuclear7

Family proteins1

Dimerization1

Dysregulation1

Eukaryotic4

Gene transcription1

Tubulin1

Nucleus3

Ubiquitination1

PTMs5

Catalytic2

Genes5

Enhancers1

Sequences1

Interact1

Vertebrates1

Epigenetic reader1

Recognition1

BRD41