• H. naledi became a lightning rod of controversy earlier this year after a team claimed the extinct hominin with an orange-size brain carried its dead into the Rising Star cave system, lit fires and engraved abstract patterns and shapes onto the walls - complex behaviors previously known only in larger-brained modern humans ( Homo sapiens ) and our close cousins. (livescience.com)
  • Researchers set out to reconstruct the DNA methylation activity of Neanderthals and Denisovans, two species of archaic human that split from modern humans more than half a million years ago. (discovermagazine.com)
  • Because DNA methylation occurs primarily in cytosines, measuring their rate of decay in the archaic DNA allowed researchers to build a detailed picture of how archaic human DNA had methylated - and how it compares with that of modern humans. (discovermagazine.com)
  • Researchers theorize that the HoxD cluster, which was highly methylated in archaic humans, may be responsible for some of their differences in physical appearance from modern humans, including shorter, more robust limbs. (discovermagazine.com)
  • Researchers also discovered that highly methylated regions distinct to modern humans were nearly twice as likely to be related to disease, and that more than a third of the disease-related genes were linked to psychiatric or neurological disorders. (discovermagazine.com)
  • Instead, the team suggests that the genus Homo , which includes modern humans and their close relatives, adapted to progressively fire-prone environments caused by increased aridity and flammable landscapes by exploiting fire's food foraging benefits. (utah.edu)
  • A big aim of our work over the past years has been to produce high-quality genome sequences for archaic and early modern humans," co-corresponding author Janet Kelso, an evolutionary genetics researcher at the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, told GenomeWeb Daily News in an email message. (genomeweb.com)
  • For instance, Kelso and her colleagues identified stretches of sequences that match those found in the Neanderthal genome, consistent with the notion that modern humans mixed with Neanderthals before he was born roughly 45,000 year ago. (genomeweb.com)
  • The finding that the Ust'-Ishim individual is equally closely related to present-day Asians and to 8,000- to 24,000-year-old individuals from western Eurasia, but not to present-day Europeans, is compatible with the hypothesis that present-day Europeans derive some of their ancestry from a population that did not participate in the initial dispersal of modern humans into Europe and Asia," the study's authors reasoned. (genomeweb.com)
  • The genome also offered a refined look at mutation rates on human autosomal chromosomes and on the Y sex chromosome over tens of thousands of years, Kelso explained, noting that "the Ust'-Ishim man provides us with a completely new way to estimate the mutation rate in modern humans. (genomeweb.com)
  • Several genes with strong associations to schizophrenia have evolved rapidly due to selection during human evolution, according to new research. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Researchers found a higher prevalence of the influence of so-called positive selection on genes or gene regions known to be associated with the disorder than a comparable control set of non-associated genes, functioning in similar neuronal processes. (sciencedaily.com)
  • The researchers analysed the molecular evolution of the 76 genes that have the strongest genetic association with the disorder. (sciencedaily.com)
  • They also compared genes between mammalian species to identify selection on primate lineages salient to the evolution of humans and the disorder. (sciencedaily.com)
  • By present estimates, humans have approximately 20,000 25,000 genes and share 98.4% of their DNA with their closest living evolutionary relatives, the two species of chimpanzees. (solarnavigator.net)
  • After conducting an extensive review of the literature and evidence of long-term human evolution, scientists Tim Waring and Zach Wood concluded that humans are experiencing a "special evolutionary transition" in which the importance of culture, such as learned knowledge, practices and skills, is surpassing the value of genes as the primary driver of human evolution. (umaine.edu)
  • Culture is also more flexible than genes: gene transfer is rigid and limited to the genetic information of two parents, while cultural transmission is based on flexible human learning and effectively unlimited with the ability to make use of information from peers and experts far beyond parents. (umaine.edu)
  • According to Waring and Wood, the combination of both culture and genes has fueled several key adaptations in humans such as reduced aggression, cooperative inclinations, collaborative abilities and the capacity for social learning. (umaine.edu)
  • Increasingly, the researchers suggest, human adaptations are steered by culture, and require genes to accommodate. (umaine.edu)
  • The researchers believe that most likely there are other genes involved in the metabolism of cave fish. (newsweek.com)
  • This could provide information on which genes may be worthwhile to study in humans to gain a clearer understanding of hereditary obesity. (newsweek.com)
  • These days, researchers believe this kind of DNA probably regulates how genes get turned on and off - but what exactly is happening there is still mysterious. (upr.org)
  • Other researchers have also used CRISPR to fight cancer by altering genes in patients' immune systems. (springwise.com)
  • So we specifically looked for alterations in the expression of genes involved in the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in our mice with short telomeres and renal fibrosis, to see if short telomeres could be the trigger for the changes in expression of these genes," explains Blasco. (cnio.es)
  • These elements appear to influence the expression of both protein-coding genes and non-coding transcripts in the human brain through various mechanisms," says Raquel Garza. (lu.se)
  • Although humans appear relatively hairless compared to other primates, with notable hair growth occurring chiefly on the top of the head, underarms and pubic area, the average human has more hair on his or her body than the average chimpanzee. (solarnavigator.net)
  • The Emory researchers have found that the bonobo, an ape noted for its empathic traits, unlike its relative the chimpanzee, has a microsatellite with a sequence similar to that of humans. (news-medical.net)
  • For reference, the chimpanzee, humans' closest living relative, has a genome that is nearly 99 percent the same. (scientificamerican.com)
  • Scientists studying the difference between human and chimpanzee DNA have found one stretch of human DNA that can make the brains of mice grow significantly bigger. (upr.org)
  • We can now actually generate the equivalent of embryonic brain cells and tissues that are human or chimpanzee. (upr.org)
  • In 2017, researchers at Temple University and the University of Pittsburgh used CRISPR to shut down the HIV virus' ability to replicate. (springwise.com)
  • In 2017, a team of researchers at the University of Utah reported that they had used CRISPR to prevent the inflammation that causes chronic back pain. (springwise.com)
  • The 7th World Human Rights City Forum 2017 recently took place in South Korea, and I was one of the three delegates from the Raoul Wallenberg Institute to take part in the forum. (lu.se)
  • They surveyed human polymorphisms - discrete changes in the human genome that vary between individuals - for very recent selective events within specific human populations. (sciencedaily.com)
  • A short, fossilized femur from a 38-year-old Neandertal, which sat untouched in a museum in Zagreb, Croatia, could lead to the first full genome sequence of Homo sapiens 's closest relative and help scientists understand what is special about humans, say teams that published analyses of two partial sequences of Neandertal DNA in this week's issues of Science and Nature . (scientificamerican.com)
  • The pieces are then sequenced directly, and researchers reassemble them by mapping them to similar sections in the human genome. (scientificamerican.com)
  • Each of these figures is a drop in the bucket considering the human genome is 3.2 billion base pairs long. (scientificamerican.com)
  • And, using genome engineering techniques, we can start to study the effects of switching the human and the chimp sequences in these primate cell lines. (upr.org)
  • The researchers took samples from inside those bones to sequence the genome. (wuwm.com)
  • NEW YORK (GenomeWeb) - An international team led by investigators at the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology has sequenced the genome of a modern human man who lived in Siberia some 45,000 years ago, at a time when Neanderthals still resided in Europe and Western Asia. (genomeweb.com)
  • In a paper published online in Nature , the researchers described this high-quality genome sequence - established with DNA from the femur bone of an "Ust'-Ishim" individual named for the western Siberian settlement where his remains were found - and its use for addressing everything from human mutation rates to mixing with Neanderthals. (genomeweb.com)
  • In the process, the group generated sequences that covered the autosomal chromosomes in the human genome to an average depth of 42-fold coverage. (genomeweb.com)
  • By comparing the new genome to genotyping data for hundreds of individuals from current human populations, the team found that Ust'-Ishim appeared to have non-African ancestry, apparently clustering at the crossroads of an ancient split between western European and East Asian populations. (genomeweb.com)
  • Using this ancient genome, we have been able to provide an independent estimate of the human mutation rate that agrees with the estimates from pedigree studies," Kelso said, "and suggests that between one and two mutations per year have accumulated in the genomes of populations in Europe and Asia since the Ust'-Ishim man lived. (genomeweb.com)
  • Led by Dr. Daniel Kastner of NIH's National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI), researchers from 7 NIH institutes and centers investigated. (nih.gov)
  • The challenge has been to determine what these elements do and how they affect human tissues, given their abundant and repetitive presence in the human genome. (lu.se)
  • Just before birth, mice with the human DNA had brains that were noticeably larger - about 12 percent bigger than the brains of mice with the chimp DNA, according to a report in the journal Current Biology . (upr.org)
  • In our study, we observed that 'gut education' potentially leads to a fundamental reprogramming of T cells in the peripheral blood of glaucoma mice," said study co-leader Fang Lu , a researcher at the Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan's People's Hospital in China . (livescience.com)
  • Previous studies had shown that, in both mice and humans, glaucoma is marked by an infiltration of T cells into the retina. (livescience.com)
  • Now, using cell cultures and mice, Yale researchers have uncovered a distinct mechanism by which a subset of NSAIDs reduce inflammation. (neurosciencenews.com)
  • A team of researchers at the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center has used a variation of CRISPR to correct the mutation that causes Duchenne muscular dystrophy, eliminating the mutation in living mice and in human cells growing in-vitro. (springwise.com)
  • The mice reproduced all the symptoms of the human disease," explains Blasco. (cnio.es)
  • The toxin administered -folic acid- "is not sufficient to induce fibrosis in healthy mice, but it acts synergistically with short telomeres," the paper explains. (cnio.es)
  • Nicholas Crawford, a postdoctoral fellow was the first author of this study and there was a multi-institutional, international team of researchers working in collaboration. (news-medical.net)
  • In a new study, University of Maine researchers found that culture helps humans adapt to their environment and overcome challenges better and faster than genetics. (umaine.edu)
  • Morphine makes chronic nerve pain worse, according to a new animal study, but some experts question whether its findings are relevant to humans. (abc.net.au)
  • Dr. Moritz Armbruster , a research assistant professor of neuroscience at Tufts, led a team of researchers in harnessing novel technology to study astrocyte-neuron exchanges. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • The results from this study suggest the capacity for empathy towards humans is another trait selected in dogs during domestication. (bbc.co.uk)
  • In a study published in July in Environmental Science & Technology , researchers found significant levels of 31 harmful chemical compounds in e-cigarette vapors, including two that had yet to be detected: propylene oxide and glycidol, both of which health researchers have described as reasonably anticipated to be human carcinogens. (scienceblogs.com)
  • However, study co-author Hugo Destaillats, a staff scientist at the Lawrence Berkeley National Lab and deputy leader of its Indoor Environment Group, stressed that while the study's findings are concerning, they are not a definitive statement as to whether e-cigarettes are less, just as or more harmful to human health than regular cigarettes. (scienceblogs.com)
  • To conduct the study, researchers simulated vaping using three different e-liquids (the substances heated to produce vapor) and two different vaporizers, and then used a method known as gas and liquid chromatography to determine the contents of the e-cigarette emissions. (scienceblogs.com)
  • When the two solvents, which the study noted are found in most e-liquids, were heated and began to decompose, it led to emissions of acrolein, a known irritant, and formaldehyde, a known human carcinogen. (scienceblogs.com)
  • Lead author Dr Daniella Lefteri worked on the study as a PhD researcher in Leeds' School of Medicine. (leeds.ac.uk)
  • These new findings - which follow an earlier study about the coronavirus in the white-tailed deer population - are raising renewed concerns over the unpredictability of spillover events and the potential risks posed to humans. (kunr.org)
  • If the mechanisms uncovered in the mouse study hold true for humans, it may open up new avenues for treating glaucoma, Lu said. (livescience.com)
  • By sequencing such genomes and making them publicly available, she explained, the team hopes to facilitate more extensive study on modern human history. (genomeweb.com)
  • These results show the important role short telomeres play in its development, and this finding undoubtedly opens new doors for the treatment of renal fibrosis," says the first author of the study, Sarita Saraswati , a researcher with the Telomeres and Telomerase Group at CNIO. (cnio.es)
  • In this study, the researchers observed that telomere shortening alone is not enough to cause renal fibrosis, which is to be expected because the disease does not affect 100% of elderly persons. (cnio.es)
  • Variations in the COMT gene are among many factors under study to help explain the causes of schizophrenia. (medlineplus.gov)
  • For the study of this reality, the researcher deals with the epistemology of qualitative and group research and faces challenges to enhance and develop research methods which may enlarge the knowledge of relational phenomena. (bvsalud.org)
  • Researchers at Lund University have discovered that a specific group of genetic elements in our DNA influence the development of the human brain, their study was published in Science Advances. (lu.se)
  • Researchers at Lund University offer new insights in their latest study, published in Science Advances, detailing how a specific group of genetic elements have influenced the development of the human brain over time. (lu.se)
  • This approach helped us to address these highly repetitive sequences, usually masked in standard bioinformatics pipelines, allowing us to accurately measure LINE-1 expression in each cell type found in our samples," explains Raquel Garza, co-first author of the study. (lu.se)
  • Ganciclovir, a regular medicine used to treat human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infections, was found less efficient when reacting to human's NUDT15 enzyme - based on a recent BioMAX study. (lu.se)
  • Cellular and molecular research, animal studies, examination of human tissues and organs and imaging of patients - can all be carried out at LBIC and can be combined in different ways in the same study. (lu.se)
  • At the end of 2021, researchers swabbed the noses of 93 dead deer from across the state. (kunr.org)
  • La recolección de datos ocurrió en enero de 2021, con referencia al período de 2009 a 2019. (bvsalud.org)
  • The findings might explain certain differences in appearances between Neanderthals , Denisovans, and us, as well as the prevalence of disease. (discovermagazine.com)
  • The team emphasized that additional research was needed, but suggested their findings could indicate that such diseases had only recently emerged in humans. (discovermagazine.com)
  • However Dr Glare said there were difficulties transferring the findings in animals to humans. (abc.net.au)
  • The researchers hope that their findings may lead to treatments for traumatic brain injury, Alzheimer's disease, and other brain disorders. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • She said: "Our findings may also explain why some mosquitoes can spread infection to humans, while some cannot. (leeds.ac.uk)
  • Based on these findings − which were apparent across multiple domains from visual processing to memory and at all levels of analysis − the researchers argue that we need to change our perspective of dyslexia as a neurological disorder. (cam.ac.uk)
  • The new findings are explained in the context of 'Complementary Cognition', a theory proposing that our ancestors evolved to specialise in different, but complementary, ways of thinking, which enhances human's ability to adapt through collaboration. (cam.ac.uk)
  • The researchers found that their findings aligned with evidence from several other fields of research. (cam.ac.uk)
  • This concurs with findings in the field of paleoarchaeology, revealing that human evolution was shaped over hundreds of thousands of years by dramatic climatic and environmental instability. (cam.ac.uk)
  • Given findings from epidemiologic studies, laboratory animal studies, and in vitro genotoxicity studies, combined with the lung's ability to clear short fibers, the panelists agreed that there is a strong weight of evidence that asbestos and SVFs shorter than 5 µm are unlikely to cause cancer in humans. (cdc.gov)
  • The researchers found that the water's viscosity enhances Darwin's mechanism, and that the effects are magnified with very small animals like krill and copepods. (nsf.gov)
  • This gene is associated with vitiligo found the researchers. (news-medical.net)
  • With groups primarily driving culture and culture now fueling human evolution more than genetics, Waring and Wood found that evolution itself has become more group-oriented. (umaine.edu)
  • Researchers also found chemical emission differences based on the voltage of the e-cig vaporizer and how many puffs users take. (scienceblogs.com)
  • In fact, researchers found that in some cases, emission levels increased by a factor of 10 or more between initial puffs and steady-state puffs. (scienceblogs.com)
  • Researchers also found big emission differences between vaporizers with a single coil and double coil. (scienceblogs.com)
  • In using a single vaping device for nine consecutive rounds of 50 puffs - similar to how an e-cigarette user would vape in real life - researchers found that aldehyde emissions increased by more than 60 percent, with greater contributions of formaldehyde, acetaldehyde and acrolein. (scienceblogs.com)
  • Most of the genetic differences between humans and chimps are actually found in the so-called junk DNA, Pollard notes. (upr.org)
  • Researchers recently found such a mutation in the remains of two ancient people - a Neolithic woman who lived about 5,000 years ago, and an early Bronze Age man who lived about 4,000 years ago. (wuwm.com)
  • The study's researchers also previously found that these T cells express a receptor that lets them travel from the gut to the retina. (livescience.com)
  • Researchers analyzing about 33% of the Android apps in the Google Play Store found almost nine out of 10 track smartphone data and transmit it back to Google. (acm.org)
  • The researchers found that each patient had rare, harmful mutations in the gene CECR1 that were passed to them from both parents. (nih.gov)
  • The researchers found significantly reduced ADA2 activity in the patients. (nih.gov)
  • The research team found that human NUDT15 enzyme hydrolyzes the active metabolites in the medicine and therefore limit its efficacy for such antiviral treatments. (lu.se)
  • University of Pennsylvania researchers studied the genetics behind skin pigmentation of diverse African populations, finding new genetic variants associated with skin color. (news-medical.net)
  • From an evolutionary standpoint, mutations to the MC4R gene may have once served humans well. (newsweek.com)
  • In addition to having bigger brains, Silver says, humans also "have more neurons, and we have more connections between these neurons. (upr.org)
  • What we discovered is that the human DNA turned on gene activity in neural stem cells, and these are cells which produce the neurons of our cerebral cortex," says Silver. (upr.org)
  • We observed that LINE-1s are highly expressed in the developing human brain and particularly in neurons in the adult human brain. (lu.se)
  • Tishkoff explained that several genetic traits were shared by populations of Melanesia and Australia and some sub-Saharan Africans. (news-medical.net)
  • The researchers, Drs. Larry Young and Elizabeth Hammock, of Emory University , using the native vole, traced social behavior traits, such as monogamy, to seeming glitches in DNA that determines when and where a gene turns on. (news-medical.net)
  • The researchers suggest that variability in vasopressin receptor microsatellite length could help account for differences in normal human personality traits, such as shyness, and perhaps influence disorders of sociability like autism and social anxiety disorders. (news-medical.net)
  • Dr Senju thinks that these traits would have been useful to humans when they began to live side-by-side with canines approximately 15,000 years ago. (bbc.co.uk)
  • Our goal was to identify any distinct characteristics that could help to explain unique traits specific to humans," says Johan Jakobsson. (lu.se)
  • This is consistent with the theory that positive selection may play a role in the persistence of schizophrenia at a frequency of one per cent in human populations around the world, despite its strong effects on reproductive fitness and its high heritability from generation-to-generation. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Human populations vary vastly in skin tones. (news-medical.net)
  • She explained that people think all African populations have similar dark skin tones. (news-medical.net)
  • These people could have their ancestors from Southeast Asia and the Middle East from where the populations could have migrated to Africa, speculate researchers. (news-medical.net)
  • According to Rubin, the sequences provide the beginnings of a "DNA time machine" that will help update anthropological inferences about human and Neandertal populations. (scientificamerican.com)
  • Among the lingering questions is whether the two populations intermixed after humans migrated out of Africa and encountered Neandertals in Europe 30,000 to 40,000 years ago. (scientificamerican.com)
  • From the variants identified in Ust'-Ishim's nuclear and mitochondrial genomes, researchers went on to look not only at his relationships to present-day populations in different parts of the world, but also to extinct archaic hominins. (genomeweb.com)
  • While the proportion of Neanderthal ancestry was similar to that detected in some present-day human populations in Eurasia, though, the Ust'-Ishim carried ancestry tracts that were far longer than those detected in human genomes today. (genomeweb.com)
  • That timing hints that the modern human-Neanderthal admixture events that have left their mark on non-African human genomes likely occurred too recently to be attributed to ancient Middle Eastern populations known as the Skhul and Qafzeh. (genomeweb.com)
  • Like other mammals, humans have an XY sex-determination system, so that females have the sex chromosomes XX and males have XY. (solarnavigator.net)
  • The human life cycle is similar to that of other placental mammals. (solarnavigator.net)
  • They can affect humans and other mammals, such as cattle. (leeds.ac.uk)
  • Until now, only humans and their close primate relatives were thought to find yawning contagious. (bbc.co.uk)
  • Humans , or human beings , are bipedal primates belonging to the mammalian species Homo sapiens (Latin for 'wise man' or 'knowing man') under the family Hominidae (the great apes). (solarnavigator.net)
  • Any scientist in the future who studies some particular gene and finds something functionally important between humans and the great apes and shows that that's really functionally important will immediately be able to look in the computer and see what the Neandertals [were] like," Pbo says. (scientificamerican.com)
  • In Pollard's lab, scientists are exploring the differences between chimp and human DNA using dishes of cells. (upr.org)
  • The team includes a professor, four undergrads, one graduate student, a technician and a post-doc, all working to better understand how genetic differences shape the human immune response to microbial communities. (alaska.edu)
  • He said if opioids did work in the way suggested, this could explain symptoms of opioid tolerance. (abc.net.au)
  • In humans, symptoms generally occur three to 15 days after exposure, and can last three to four days. (leeds.ac.uk)
  • As for symptoms, other researchers have reported that most infected deer tend not to have noticeable symptoms. (kunr.org)
  • It also provides genetic evidence consistent with the long-standing theory that schizophrenia represents, in part, a maladaptive by-product of adaptive changes during human evolution - possibly to do with aspects of creativity and human cognition. (sciencedaily.com)
  • This may be explained by the existing theory that the condition represents, in part, a by-product of adaptive changes during human evolution. (sciencedaily.com)
  • She explained that skin color is an adaptive trait in humans. (news-medical.net)
  • According to researchers, "culturally organized groups appear to solve adaptive problems more readily than individuals, through the compounding value of social learning and cultural transmission in groups. (umaine.edu)
  • He is among the researchers in the Stanford list of the World's top 2% most cited scientists. (wikipedia.org)
  • However, the professor shared that extensive databases "give [scientists] a chance to just access human brain tissue without doing an experiment [themselves…], but just getting the data that someone else has already done. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • Yawning is known to be contagious in humans but now scientists have shown that pet dogs can catch a yawn, too. (bbc.co.uk)
  • He explains the challenges that halted the scientists' progress until now. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • Scientists would like to understand what the genetic basis is for humans' apparently special capacity for logic, abstract thought, complex emotions and language. (upr.org)
  • Now, a team of researchers has looked at the three eLife studies in detail and argued in a traditionally peer-reviewed commentary, published Nov. 10 in the Journal of Human Evolution , that no convincing scientific evidence was ever presented for deliberate burial or rock art. (livescience.com)
  • The team identified about 2,000 regions in modern and archaic human genomes that had significantly different degrees of methylation. (discovermagazine.com)
  • By reconstructing tropical Africa's climate and vegetation about 2-3 million years ago, the research team pieced together multiple lines of evidence to craft their proposed scenario for how early human ancestors first used fire to their advantage. (utah.edu)
  • Dr Senju and his team wondered whether dogs - that are very skilled at reading human social cues - could read the human yawn signal, and set out to test the yawning capabilities of 29 canines. (bbc.co.uk)
  • After onset of a cholera epidemic in Haiti in mid-October 2010, a team of researchers from France and Haiti implemented field investigations and built a database of daily cases to facilitate identification of communes most affected. (cdc.gov)
  • University of Leeds Virus Host Interaction Team researchers have discovered that the molecule, called sialokinin, makes it easier for a number of viruses to pass from mosquitoes to humans, where they can then take hold - leading to unpleasant and potentially deadly diseases. (leeds.ac.uk)
  • He noted that a team of human raters was involved in judging the quality of the model's answers. (reason.com)
  • As we generate more sequence, [the divergence estimates] could come together," says Rubin, whose team also determined the point when Neandertal and human ancestors stopped interbreeding: about 370,000 years ago. (scientificamerican.com)
  • Researchers generally doubt that a product and development team can fairly classify a bug report as a security vulnerability because of a perceived lack of security expertise. (darkreading.com)
  • A team led by researchers at UC Santa Barbara, including Sherwin, has made strides in addressing one of the grand challenges of modern science: recording proteins in motion in a lifelike environment. (universityofcalifornia.edu)
  • With this data, the team calculated that there was intermingling between his human ancestors and Neanderthals that stretched back an estimated 7,000 to 13,000 years before the Ust'-Ishim individual was born. (genomeweb.com)
  • Rubin's used a metagenomic approach, incorporating fragments of Neandertal DNA into loops called plasmids, amplifying them in bacteria and then using known sequences of human DNA to isolate strands for sequencing. (scientificamerican.com)
  • Comparing the similar sequences of Neandertal and human DNA, Rubin's group determined that the two genomes are at least 99.5 percent identical. (scientificamerican.com)
  • Going forward, Rubin plans to construct a library of sequence fragments so that future researchers can compare human sequences with Neandertal sequences easily. (scientificamerican.com)
  • Johan Jakobsson, a professor at Lund University and research group leader at MultiPark and Lund Stem Cell Center, explains, "LINE-1 retrotransposons are a rich source of genetic sequences that we suspect have shaped the evolution of the human brain, and we now have the tools to explore their role in brain development. (lu.se)
  • Humans and chimpanzees have DNA that's remarkably similar - researchers say our genetic code is about 95 percent identical . (upr.org)
  • But we're talking about humans and chimpanzees here, and you cannot experiment on either of those," she notes. (upr.org)
  • When they compared the ancient sequence to genomes from more than two-dozen present-day humans, the researchers observed mutation rates that roughly match those described from prior pedigree studies, but coincide less closely with alternative rates predicted from phylogenetic data. (genomeweb.com)
  • It would be fair to suggest that most people would immediately conclude the prints were made by a human just by looking at an image of them. (creation.com)
  • They could not have been made by pre-Flood humans after the waters of the global Flood peaked because only the people on the Ark survived. (creation.com)
  • The copying activity suggests that canines are capable of empathising with people, say the researchers who recorded dogs' behaviour in lab tests. (bbc.co.uk)
  • To imitate how people use e-cigarettes in real life, researchers used an apparatus that took puffs lasting five seconds every 30 seconds. (scienceblogs.com)
  • While it's easy enough to tell people that, convincing them to place their trust in an autonomous vehicle isn't a simple thing, especially because the trust humans have in robots (all robots, not just cars) is highly situational. (ieee.org)
  • Because AIs don't solve problems in the same way people do, they will invariably stumble on solutions we humans might never have anticipated--and some will subvert the intent of the system. (schneier.com)
  • It's possible there was some form of direct deer-human interaction, perhaps through people feeding the animals. (kunr.org)
  • Researchers say people with Developmental Dyslexia have specific strengths relating to exploring the unknown that have contributed to the successful adaptation and survival of our species. (cam.ac.uk)
  • Cambridge researchers studying cognition, behaviour and the brain have concluded that people with dyslexia are specialised to explore the unknown. (cam.ac.uk)
  • She added: "We believe that the areas of difficulty experienced by people with dyslexia result from a cognitive trade-off between exploration of new information and exploitation of existing knowledge, with the upside being an explorative bias that could explain enhanced abilities observed in certain realms like discovery, invention and creativity. (cam.ac.uk)
  • Considering this trade-off, an explorative specialisation in people with dyslexia could help explain why they have difficulties with tasks related to exploitation, such as reading and writing. (cam.ac.uk)
  • It could also explain why people with dyslexia appear to gravitate towards certain professions that require exploration-related abilities, such as arts, architecture, engineering, and entrepreneurship. (cam.ac.uk)
  • Researchers want to hear from people, not a corporation or its lawyers. (darkreading.com)
  • A type of immune cell that travels from the gut to the eyeballs may help to explain why some people with glaucoma continue to lose their vision after treatment. (livescience.com)
  • The Raoul Wallenberg Institute of Human Rights and Humanitarian Law is named after Raoul Wallenberg, a Swedish diplomat who saved tens of thousands of Jews and other people at risk in Hungary at the end of World War II. (lu.se)
  • What are the benefits and risks for giving a blood sample explain why some people get certain diseases. (cdc.gov)
  • The world-wide presence of this disorder at an appreciable frequency, despite its impact on human health and reproductive fitness, is somewhat of a paradox," said Dr Steve Dorus from the University of Bath, who worked with Dr Bernard Crespi from Simon Fraser University (Canada) and Dr Kyle Summers from East Carolina University (USA) on the research. (sciencedaily.com)
  • A group of researchers led by University of Pennsylvania geneticists have determined these genetic variants that could help understand the evolution of skin tones and also help understand the risks of skin cancers and other conditions. (news-medical.net)
  • A new scenario crafted by University of Utah anthropologists proposes that human ancestors became dependent on fire as a result of Africa's increasingly fire-prone environment 2-3 million years ago. (utah.edu)
  • While acknowledging the limitations of opioids, Dr Mark Connor, a professor of pharmacology at Macquarie University, was not convinced by the idea that morphine can effect humans in the way seen in the rat experiment. (abc.net.au)
  • Now researchers from the University of Copenhagen , using a new method, have learned that the small vascular plants that populated the Earth before turning into trees 385 million years ago may have played a greater role than previously assumed. (scitechdaily.com)
  • A University of Central Florida researcher has received funding from the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) to enhance the current understanding of artificial intelligence (AI) reasoning. (ucf.edu)
  • Sumit Jha, co-researcher of the project and a computer science professor at the University of Texas at San Antonio, says that explainable AI is especially necessary with the rapid deployment of AI models. (ucf.edu)
  • Established in 2016 by College of Veterinary Medicine, the Comparative Oncology Signature Research Program is a partnership between vet school and The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital and Richard J. Solove Research Institute (OSUCCC - James) that integrates nearly 40 scientific investigators from Ohio States colleges of medicine, pharmacy, nursing and veterinary medicine along with researchers from Nationwide Childrens Hospital. (wearethecure.org)
  • She is now a Postdoctoral Researcher at the University of Glasgow. (leeds.ac.uk)
  • Just this month two studies, from Washington University in St. Louis and the University of Chicago, suggested that indirect evidence from human DNA indicates intermingling occurred. (scientificamerican.com)
  • It's likely to be one of many DNA regions that's critical for controlling how the human brain develops," says Debra Silver , a neurobiologist at Duke University Medical School. (upr.org)
  • We have very little scientific information about the actual functions of those regions," says Katie Pollard , who studies human and chimp DNA at the Gladstone Institutes and the University of California, San Francisco. (upr.org)
  • The Department of Chemistry at Lund University provides world-class education and research and at times we are looking for new talents and employees who can join us in our efforts to understand, explain and improve our world and human conditions. (lu.se)
  • Chris Stringer , a research leader in human origins at the Natural History Museum in London who was not involved in any of the studies, told Live Science in an email that he agreed with the cautious approach of the new commentary and said it was "well argued. (livescience.com)
  • Whether the human origins research community will accept fossil footprints as conclusive evidence of the presence of hominins in the Miocene of Crete remains to be seen. (creation.com)
  • This research explains why humans are such a unique species. (umaine.edu)
  • These models are more efficient than humans in many challenging tasks and are being used in real-world applications like autonomous vehicles and scientific research, but few methods exist for explaining AI decisions to humans, blocking the wide adoption of AI in fields that ultimately require human trust, such as science. (ucf.edu)
  • The Comparative Oncology Signature Research Program addresses a significant challenge in the current clinical trials model: the lack of a close comparative testing model for translating drug discoveries to application in human cancer. (wearethecure.org)
  • New research uses an innovative technique to convert human stem cells into insulin-producing beta cells much more effectively. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • Previous research has pointed to human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) as a potential therapeutic avenue for type 1 diabetes. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • However, the researcher also explains that there are a few more steps to follow before the research can help humans. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • New international research reveals that rare gamma-ray bursts, which can last for hours, can be explained as standard explosions occurring in a region with a low density of matter that is located behind a cloud of dust when viewed from Earth. (scitechdaily.com)
  • increased public sensitivity and awareness together with the development of national regulations of governance of human cloning and embryo research in general. (lifeissues.net)
  • An in-depth analysis aiming at re-defining this terminology according to the new developments in human embryo research would be highly beneficial . (lifeissues.net)
  • 3. National regulations of governance of human cloning and embryo research in general adopted so far confirm the convergence of views of the refusal to adopt legislation or guidelines permitting reproductive cloning , while they still show variations on the legitimacy of human cloning carried out as part of research agendas. (lifeissues.net)
  • Safe Harbor is a clause added to a vulnerability disclosure program policy that outlines that the security researcher shall not need to fear legal consequences (and may even be provided extra protections) by the target of their security research if that research is performed in good faith and in cooperation with the target. (darkreading.com)
  • The Raoul Wallenberg Institute has launched a ten-country research initiative studying displacement in the context of disasters and climate change from a human rights perspective. (lu.se)
  • The article explains the subjectivist/constructivist/interpretative paradigm of research on human and social sciences. (bvsalud.org)
  • More and more researchers and industry clients are searching for holistic infrastructures to be able to combine, for example, cellular research with animal and human studies. (lu.se)
  • This is the first time, however, that an archaic pattern of methylation has been reconstructed for early humans. (discovermagazine.com)
  • The researchers could not use methyl measurement techniques that are currently standard procedure in labs because the methods require DNA to be destroyed, an impractical approach when dealing with rare archaic DNA samples. (discovermagazine.com)
  • The human version of a DNA sequence called HARE5 (inserted into this mouse embryo) turned on a gene that's important for brain development. (upr.org)
  • Current prevailing hypotheses of how human ancestors became fire-dependent depict fire as an accident - a byproduct of another event rather than a standalone occurrence. (utah.edu)
  • A digital reconstruction of Homo naledi , an extinct human relative who lived around 300,000 years ago. (livescience.com)
  • There's "no convincing scientific evidence" behind the extraordinary claims that the ancient human relative Homo naledi deliberately buried their dead and engraved rocks deep in a South African cave around 300,000 years ago, a group of archaeologists argues in a new commentary. (livescience.com)
  • It is quite possible that the advances in human biology in the remainder of the twentieth century will be remembered as the most significant scientific achievement of the animal species known as Homo sapiens . (lifeissues.net)
  • Dogs are a natural analog to human sarcoma because the diseases are so similar across the two species. (wearethecure.org)
  • It could also help explain why human brains are so much bigger than chimp brains, says Silver, who notes that "there are estimates of anywhere from two to four times as big. (upr.org)
  • The researchers highlight that collaboration between individuals with different abilities could help explain the exceptional capacity of our species to adapt. (cam.ac.uk)
  • And that mechanism may help explain some of these curious effects. (neurosciencenews.com)
  • Researchers believe that changes involving this enzyme in the prefrontal cortex may help explain the increased risk of behavioral problems and mental illness associated with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Darwin's grandson discovered a mechanism for mixing similar in principle to the idea of drafting in aerodynamics,' Dabiri explains. (nsf.gov)
  • Researchers uncover the mechanism behind how a subset of NSAIDs reduces inflammation, which helps explain some of the curious side effects of the anti-inflammatories. (neurosciencenews.com)
  • The researchers first demonstrated in cell cultures that the vole vasopressin receptor microsatellites could modify gene expression. (news-medical.net)
  • Researchers have already identified variations to the MC4R gene in some individuals who are prone to compulsive overeating and are obese. (newsweek.com)
  • The group hopes to identify gene mutations that could explain why the fish have fatty livers or an increased appetite. (newsweek.com)
  • We went through those and picked out ones that seemed to be likely to be regulating gene activity in a developing brain," explains Silver. (upr.org)
  • Researchers have looked extensively at the potential connection between changes in the COMT gene and the risk of developing schizophrenia. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Human echoviral infection occurs via fecal-oral transmission. (medscape.com)
  • Only some of the ancient human remains discovered on Rathlin Island had the genetic mutation that would allow them to do so. (wuwm.com)
  • This, combined with an erect body carriage that frees their upper limbs for manipulating objects, has allowed humans to make greater use of tools than any other species. (solarnavigator.net)
  • humans are the only known species to build fires, cook their food, clothe themselves, and use numerous other technologies . (solarnavigator.net)
  • Humans are a eukaryotic species. (solarnavigator.net)
  • With this discussion, we can point out the problems and think of ways to overcome them", explains Breno Gaspar, CETAB researcher and organizer of the event. (who.int)
  • By studying both live plants and ancient plant fossils, the researchers are now able to calculate the amount of CO 2 in the atmosphere at the time when the fossils were alive. (scitechdaily.com)
  • Humans create complex social structures composed of co-operating and competing groups, ranging in scale from nations to individual families, and social interaction between humans has established a variety of traditions, rituals, ethics, values, social norms, and laws which form the basis of human society. (solarnavigator.net)
  • This "Wizard-of-Oz" protocol is fairly common in human-robot interaction studies, and is quite literal representation of the idea that you should pay no attention to the man behind the curtain . (ieee.org)
  • When the researchers blocked this protein and T cell interaction, they saw significantly less glaucoma damage. (livescience.com)
  • The researchers took the chimp version of this DNA and put it into mouse embryos. (upr.org)
  • They took other mouse embryos and put in the human version. (upr.org)
  • So there is an urgent need for a device that can generate forces on the human limb, in various directions, and outside restrictive lab settings," say Mugge and Van der Wijk, which was how their Cohesion project began: with the goal of designing a wearable low-mass device that can produce strategically timed perturbations, without interfering with the normal behaviour of the arm. (tudelft.nl)
  • Recently this cutting-edge field has turned its attention to some very old DNA: Researchers today announced they have reconstructed methylation maps for our extinct relatives. (discovermagazine.com)
  • This explains why researchers are now focusing attention on developing stem cell therapies using postnatal stem cells donated by the patients themselves or their close relatives. (bvsalud.org)
  • As the ecosystem became increasingly arid and a pattern of rapid, recurring fluctuation between woodlands and open grasslands emerged, many ancestral humans adapted to eating grassland plants and food cooked by fires. (utah.edu)
  • ABSTRACT With the growth in elective aesthetic plastic surgery in recent years researchers are becoming increasingly interested in the psychological aspects of the procedure. (who.int)
  • That's because AIs don't think in terms of the implications, context, norms, and values we humans share and take for granted. (schneier.com)
  • While humans most often implicitly understand context and usually act in good faith, we can't completely specify goals to an AI. (schneier.com)
  • The term is however often used in a broader context than just to explain this very area. (lu.se)
  • By pretending that a remotely-controlled robot is autonomous, it's much easier to experiment interactively with humans in situations where trying to do so with a robot that is actually autonomous might be entirely impractical. (ieee.org)
  • Understanding the impact of positive selection may also help refine hypotheses concerning genetic links between schizophrenia and aspects of human creativity and cognition. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Two hypotheses then emerged to explain cholera in Haiti. (cdc.gov)
  • She is among the pioneers and among the country's few researchers who studies the winged insects. (thehindu.com)
  • This is one result from a new pair of soon-to-be-published studies with the latest evidence for coronavirus spillover from humans into wild white-tailed deer where the coronavirus picked up a raft of new mutations. (kunr.org)
  • She also worked with academic researchers who conducted park studies in the county. (cdc.gov)
  • Emissions were significantly higher once the vaporizers reached a steady temperature (what researchers called "steady-state") at around 20 puffs, as compared to the first five to 10 minutes of puffing when the temperature was still rising. (scienceblogs.com)
  • The phrase "the implications run counter to conventional views on human evolution" is a key point to consider because the researchers know any suggestion that challenges accepted 'fact' is viewed with suspicion-at the very least. (creation.com)
  • Culture is an under-appreciated factor in human evolution, Waring says. (umaine.edu)
  • Factors like conformity, social identity and shared norms and institutions - factors that have no genetic equivalent - make cultural evolution very group-oriented, according to researchers. (umaine.edu)
  • In Lund, researchers are investigating these repetitive regions of our DNA to understand the role transposable elements play in human brain development and evolution. (lu.se)
  • In the very long term, we suggest that humans are evolving from individual genetic organisms to cultural groups which function as superorganisms, similar to ant colonies and beehives," Waring says. (umaine.edu)
  • The reversal occurred at a rate similar to that of human islets, and normal blood sugar control was maintained for at least 9 months. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • Our gut physiology is very similar," explained Dr. Emily Lescak, a post-doctoral researcher in Milligan-Myhre's lab. (alaska.edu)
  • Both fish and humans, she explained, host similar microbiota-communities of useful bacteria that boost the host's immune system. (alaska.edu)
  • The finding may explain why similar NSAIDs produce a range of clinical outcomes and could inform how the drugs are used in the future. (neurosciencenews.com)
  • Sin embargo, ambos exhiben un comportamiento epidemiológico similar en la escolaridad. (bvsalud.org)
  • After hacking humanity, AI systems will then hack other AI systems, and humans will be little more than collateral damage. (schneier.com)
  • Specifically, results suggest that distractions explain a unique portion of variance in stress outcomes above and beyond the shared variance explained by intrusions, breaks, and discrepancies. (cdc.gov)
  • Our survey measure offers a practical alternative method for practitioners and researchers interested in the outcomes of interruptions, especially stress outcomes. (cdc.gov)
  • Humans have a highly developed brain capable of abstract reasoning, language and introspection. (solarnavigator.net)
  • Culture has influenced how humans survive and evolve for millenia. (umaine.edu)
  • Because human physiology has not fully adapted to bipedalism, the pelvic region and vertebral column tend to become worn, creating locomotion difficulties in old age. (solarnavigator.net)
  • Because the groups' error bars overlap, both researchers say that they are statistically equivalent. (scientificamerican.com)
  • Bradley says at a certain point, there usually isn't much human left in human remains - it's mostly decayed or replaced by bacteria. (wuwm.com)
  • Human skin also has a capacity to darken ( sun tanning ) in response to exposure to ultraviolet radiation. (solarnavigator.net)
  • There is no evidence for this kind of dramatic prolonging of neuropathic pain for a relatively short opioid exposure in humans. (abc.net.au)
  • It is challenging to envision a world without trees today, however, in the past before the emergence of forests and human beings, the land was populated by shallow, shrub-like plants. (scitechdaily.com)
  • He says, "A common problem when you're trying to transform a human stem cell into an insulin-producing beta cell - or a neuron or a heart cell - is that you also produce other cells that you don't want. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • Just a few centimeters in length, the threespine stickleback holds strong physiological correlations to human health. (alaska.edu)
  • This was a precaution to ensure that dogs were not responding to an open mouth, explained Dr Senju. (bbc.co.uk)
  • Registration is now open for the webinar Human rights and environmental impacts of the tobacco production chain . (who.int)
  • The main distinction is that human hairs are shorter, finer, and less colored than the average chimpanzee's, thus making them harder to see. (solarnavigator.net)