• The Threat of Human Cloning concludes by calling for laws prohibiting both human cloning and the creation of embryos for research. (thenewatlantis.com)
  • Pro-cloning forces have been working hard to convince state governments to pass constitutional amendments enshrining a "right" to clone and to destroy embryos for research. (flfamily.org)
  • China enacted regulations early this year to allow the cloning of human embryos for research, and South Korea enacted similar legislation to allow research days ahead of the February announcement. (publicintegrity.org)
  • We propose that the parallel distinction should be drawn, and emphasised, in discussions of GE: we should distinguish between the gene editing of embryos for research purposes, and for reproductive purposes. (oxplore.org)
  • In the ongoing debate about cloning human embryos for research, and about destroying them in order to harvest their stem cells, it is important to keep some basic facts in mind. (actionlife.org)
  • In "Illegal Beings: Human Clones and the Law," Macintosh argues that opponents of human reproductive cloning are bigots, and she compares anti-cloning laws to anti-miscegenation laws that forbade blacks and whites from marrying. (breakpoint.org)
  • She doesn't deal with the most basic objection: You cannot argue that we must legally be allowed to clone human beings on the basis that they will be treated badly if they are illegally created. (breakpoint.org)
  • A United Nations ad hoc committee has opened discussions on the merits and morality of cloning human beings, addressing many new questions that arise when considering the impact of such practice. (wnd.com)
  • The first ever meeting of the Committee on an International Convention Against the Reproductive Cloning of Human Beings last week hosted national delegates and experts from Syria, Chile, Israel, Spain and the United States, among others. (wnd.com)
  • Finally, and inexorably, a true professional scientist poses clearly challenging questions to his research colleagues, and to the scientific enterprise in general, about the dubious "scientific" justification for the current rush to clone human beings - for both "therapeutic" and for "reproductive" purposes. (lifeissues.net)
  • The New Atlantis is building a culture in which science and technology work for, not on, human beings. (thenewatlantis.com)
  • Can Human beings be Cloned? (irfi.org)
  • And now Washington joins the infamous list with Senate Bill 5594, a thoroughly disingenuous piece of legislation that purports to outlaw the cloning of human beings, but by manipulating language and redefining terms, actually permits human cloning and gestation of the resulting cloned embryos through the ninth month. (cbc-network.org)
  • Claims that you could clone individual treatments of human beings to treat common diseases like diabetes, suggests you need a huge supply of human eggs. (wikiquote.org)
  • The report arose out of a recommendation for the Committee to review the report of the Australian Health Ethics Committee (AHEC) of the NHMRC entitled Scientific, Ethical and Regulatory Considerations Relevant to Cloning of Human Beings (hereafter the AHEC Report ). (edu.au)
  • This isn't used at all to create cloned human beings, it's just for the research because Stem cells are quite important. (mystudywriters.com)
  • It's not possible to clone entire human beings as there is little known about cloning and the human body is just far to complex to be created in a laboratory. (mystudywriters.com)
  • So most scientists agree that it is not possible yet to clone entire human beings. (mystudywriters.com)
  • Most of these scientists highly doubt that it would be possible in the near future to clone entire human beings, but there are always the "what if" questions. (mystudywriters.com)
  • These are most what if questions and to be quite honest I believe that we shouldn't clone human beings. (mystudywriters.com)
  • Imagine a world in which human beings can be replicated using cloning. (visit-now.net)
  • The new organism thus produced is genetically distinct from all other human beings and has embarked upon its own distinctive development. (actionlife.org)
  • Although the latest scientific work related to cloning has been focused on potential medical applications, much of that research is relevant to the creation of cloned children. (thenewatlantis.com)
  • That is what New Jersey legislators did when they passed and then Governor James McGreevey signed S-1909 last year, a law that was sold to the public as outlawing human cloning but which actually permits the creation of cloned human life, and its implantation and gestation up to and including the very moment prior to the emergence of the cloned baby from the birth canal. (cbc-network.org)
  • Many people feared that allowing research on cloning techniques would lead to the creation of cloned babies. (oxplore.org)
  • This kind of cloning is today being performed at several scientific labs in the United States, despite the availability of alternative techniques that produce cells of nearly the same scientific and medical value but that require neither the creation nor destruction of human embryos. (thenewatlantis.com)
  • Other policy options, such as supposed compromises that would prohibit "reproductive cloning" but permit "therapeutic cloning" by prohibiting not the act of creating a cloned embryo but the act of transferring a cloned embryo to a woman's uterus, would inherently mandate the wide-scale destruction of human embryos. (thenewatlantis.com)
  • Importantly, therapeutic cloning research continued and ultimately contributed to the development of a new technology -induced pluripotent stem cell (iPS) technology-that holds out immense promise as a way of developing stem cell treatments that are 'customised' to an individual patient and can be created without the destruction of human embryos. (oxplore.org)
  • With the cloning of a sheep known as Dolly in 1996 by somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT), the idea of human cloning became a hot debate topic. (wikipedia.org)
  • The most famous clone was a Scottish sheep named Dolly. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Cloning, or somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT), is the technique used to produce Dolly the sheep, the first animal to be produced as a genetic copy of another adult. (eurostemcell.org)
  • To produce Dolly, the cloned blastocyst was transferred into the womb of a recipient ewe, where it developed and when born quickly became the world's most famous lamb. (eurostemcell.org)
  • When the world learned in 1997 of Dolly the sheep, the first clone produced from an adult mammal, a broad public discussion about the ethics of human cloning ensued, largely focused on the nature, meaning, and future of human procreation. (thenewatlantis.com)
  • Several western scientists have been conducting their research in Asian countries in the past few years, including Cibelli, formerly of Advanced Cell Technology, an early U.S. pioneer of embryo research, as well as Alan Colman, now located in Singapore, one of the scientists who helped create the first mammalian clone, the sheep Dolly. (publicintegrity.org)
  • Even the world's most famous sheep clone, Dolly, who died recently suffered from problems linked to this gene. (irfi.org)
  • It seems that a little knowledge is a dangerous thing, and the authors have allowed themselves to over-interpretate their interesting results,' said Professor Ian Wilmut of the Roslin Institute, in Edinburgh, leader of the team, which cloned Dolly the sheep. (irfi.org)
  • Although Dolly the sheep is the most famous animal ever cloned with the help of science, it is obviously not the only one in its kind: scientists have cloned mice, cats and several types of livestock in addition to sheep. (scienews.com)
  • In 2014, scientists created human stem cells by the same technique of cloning, which created Dolly the sheep. (scienews.com)
  • Reproductive cloning was how Dolly came to earth: the nucleus of a donor adult cell is placed in an egg cell without nucleus. (mystudywriters.com)
  • There were hundreds of failed clones, several dead fetuses and horribly deformed animals before the scientists had Dolly. (mystudywriters.com)
  • The Government has now used a legal loophole to allow cloning, relying on the 'defective' legal definition in that the technique (as in 'Dolly') used an unfertilised ovum. (cmq.org.uk)
  • Therapeutic cloning, known as "clone and kill" because the embryo is not transplanted into a surrogate mother for development, is favored by many scientists. (wnd.com)
  • The object of reproductive cloning is to implant the cloned embryo into a surrogate mother and permit the human child to develop. (wnd.com)
  • Eve was delivered by Caesarian section from her twin sister (the woman who donated the nuclear genetic material from which she was cloned also served as the surrogate mother). (probe.org)
  • Will the World Trade Organization need to prepare for trade regulations governing human embryos? (wnd.com)
  • In 2004 and 2005, Hwang Woo-suk, a professor at Seoul National University, published two separate articles in the journal Science claiming to have successfully harvested pluripotent, embryonic stem cells from a cloned human blastocyst using SCNT techniques. (wikipedia.org)
  • After many divisions in culture, this single cell forms a blastocyst (an early stage embryo with about 100 cells) with almost identical DNA to the original donor who provided the adult cell - a genetic clone. (eurostemcell.org)
  • In therapeutic cloning, the blastocyst is not transferred to a womb. (eurostemcell.org)
  • Instead, embryonic stem cells are isolated from the cloned blastocyst. (eurostemcell.org)
  • A blastocyst (cloned or not), because it lacks any trace of a nervous system, has no capacity for suffering or conscious experience in any form - the special properties that, in our view, spell the difference between biological tissue and a human life worthy of respect and rights. (wikiquote.org)
  • In SCNT they take the nucleolus out of an egg cell, replace it with the nucleolus of a somatic cell (body cell with two complete sets of chromosomes), and make the egg cell divide into a blastocyst ("What Is Cloning? (bartleby.com)
  • Ethically, since eventually all such "research" will be applied to people, he cautions against the abuse of women "egg" donors, and against the premature use of vulnerable sick human patients for testing supposedly "patient-specific" stem cells in supposed "therapies", pointing to the obvious violations of standard international research ethics guidelines such clinical trials would necessarily entail. (lifeissues.net)
  • What deserves greater attention, however, is therapeutic cloning, a (potential) cloning application considered far more important to the biomedical and scientific communities and one far more ethically challenging. (reasons.org)
  • Those two factors make attempts to clone humans for reproductive purposes ethically troubling. (reasons.org)
  • While stem-cell research holds enormous potential for treating or even curing some diseases, the cloning of a human being is morally and ethically unacceptable…Any attempt to clone a human being is in direct conflict with the public policies of this state. (cbc-network.org)
  • In recent years, we have heard a lot of arguments in favor of therapeutic cloning, that is, cloning humans for medical purposes only. (breakpoint.org)
  • The first day of debate provoked strong arguments both in favor of freedom of research and in favor of a ban on human cloning. (wnd.com)
  • In the light of this information, Congress could settle for less stringent restrictions on embryo cloning studies, which scientists favor. (irfi.org)
  • In January 2008, Dr. Andrew French and Samuel Wood of the biotechnology company Stemagen announced that they successfully created the first five mature human embryos using SCNT. (wikipedia.org)
  • In this experiment, the researchers developed a protocol for using SCNT in human cells, which differs slightly from the one used in other organisms. (wikipedia.org)
  • The primary cloning technique is called "somatic cell nuclear transfer" (SCNT). (cbc-network.org)
  • If the authors of this bill really meant what they appear to have written, their legislation would ban all human cloning, since as we have seen, biologically, a new human organism, that is, a new human being, comes into existence with the completion of SCNT. (cbc-network.org)
  • This is junk biology since implanting isn't the act of asexual reproduction: SCNT cloning is. (cbc-network.org)
  • Somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) is a type of cloning that has to be done in a lab. (bartleby.com)
  • Just as those laws were designed to keep mixed-race babies from being born, anti-cloning laws show prejudice against another group of possible babies: human clones. (breakpoint.org)
  • According to them this difference arose about 70 million years ago to help control the size of babies in the wombs of very early human ancestors. (irfi.org)
  • The newly discovered obstacle makes it more likely than ever that rogue scientists' recent claims to have created cloned babies were fraud. (irfi.org)
  • But therapeutic clones raises much more troubling issues.It offers the possibility of raising a race of subhuman babies for the purpose of harvesting organs and discarding the rest. (singularvalues.com)
  • On the topic of cloning we should set an example by outlawing it in all its forms, cloned babies and so called 'therapeutic cloning' (which is a misnomer as at this stage no therapeutic benefit will result from the cloned embryo). (cmq.org.uk)
  • The second way to reproduce is a strictly human invention - known as "asexual" reproduction - or more commonly, cloning. (cbc-network.org)
  • Cloning of a human being" means asexual reproduction by implanting or attempting to implant the product of nuclear transplantation [e.g., an embryo] into a uterus or substitute for a uterus with the purpose of producing a human being. (cbc-network.org)
  • Reproductive cloning in humans and therapeutic cloning in primates: is the ethical debate catching up with the recent scientific advances? (bmj.com)
  • You can't say, taking this information in isolation, that it's easier to clone primates and humans,' he said. (irfi.org)
  • The scientists said they suspect that similar roadblocks exist for all primates -- the evolutionary grouping that includes monkeys and humans. (irfi.org)
  • Although science has come a long way in this direction in the last century, when it came to cloning, zoo animals, humans and primates, there was always an insuperable obstacle. (scienews.com)
  • Cats are easy, dogs are hard, mouse is easy, rats - hard, humans and other primates is very difficult. (scienews.com)
  • Research ethics and lessons from Hwanggate: what can we learn from the Korean cloning fraud? (bmj.com)
  • The right to have children is understood in very different ways and people's ethics and values are put to the test each and everyday when they find out they not only must take care of themselves but the lives of another human being. (bartleby.com)
  • The ethics of cloning is an extremely controversial issue. (absoluteastronomy.com)
  • Assisted reproductive technology (ART) and embryo research have posed many challenges to the different timeframes of science, ethics and law. (edu.au)
  • Essay on cloning and ethical issues that immediatly Subject : cloning and ethics come up when talking about it. (mystudywriters.com)
  • Researchers hope to use these cells to grow healthy tissue to replace injured or diseased tissues in the human body. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Therapeutic cloning, as distinct from reproductive cloning, will lead to unprecedented medical advances, say researchers. (wnd.com)
  • Two other independent researchers, Severino Antinori (an Italian working in an undisclosed Muslim country) and Panos Zavos (from Lexington, Kentucky) have also been hinting at human cloning success and suggesting that a birth will be announced soon. (probe.org)
  • This incredibly high 50% success rate for human cloning leaves most researchers believing that either this isn't really a clone or they simply aren't revealing all the other failures. (probe.org)
  • The researchers then used these cells as the source of genetic material to clone pigs with organs that lacked the sugar groups responsible for HAR. (reasons.org)
  • Chinese scientists at various research institutions have reported successful experiments in human cloning, including the production of human-rabbit hybrid embryonic stem cells, according to the claims of Professor Lu Guangxiu at Xiangya Medical College, who told the Wall Street Journal in March of 2002 that researchers at the College had been successfully cloning embryos for two years. (publicintegrity.org)
  • While an international framework to regulate cloning remains stalled in the United Nations, some Asian countries are offering more stable climates for researchers to pursue their work. (publicintegrity.org)
  • The researchers also say finding that the gene works in a different way in humans from animals such as rats and mice has raised questions about large areas of medical research. (irfi.org)
  • 1) It allows researchers to investigate the role of particular genes play in early human development. (oxplore.org)
  • Can biotechnology firms claim genetically modified, or GM, human embryos as intellectual property rights? (wnd.com)
  • Cloning-to-produce-children could also be used to attempt to control the physical and even psychological traits of children, extending the eugenic logic of those who would use reproductive biotechnology to have the perfect child. (thenewatlantis.com)
  • China has reportedly been increasing its funding for cloning and other biotechnology research efforts. (publicintegrity.org)
  • Cloning in biotechnology refers to processes used to create copies of DNA fragments ( molecular cloning ), cells (cell cloning), or organisms . (wikiquote.org)
  • Developments in biotechnology have raised new concerns about animal welfare, as farm animals now have their genomes modified (genetically engineered) or copied (cloned) to propagate certain traits useful to agribusiness, such as meat yield or feed conversion. (wikiquote.org)
  • Two common methods of therapeutic cloning that are being researched are somatic-cell nuclear transfer and (more recently) pluripotent stem cell induction. (wikipedia.org)
  • In 2011, scientists at the New York Stem Cell Foundation announced that they had succeeded in generating embryonic stem cell lines, but their process involved leaving the oocyte's nucleus in place, resulting in triploid cells, which would not be useful for cloning. (wikipedia.org)
  • Four embryonic stem cell lines from human fetal somatic cells were derived from those blastocysts. (wikipedia.org)
  • Therapeutic cloning, which creates embryonic stem cells . (medlineplus.gov)
  • What is cloning, and what does it have to do with stem cell research? (eurostemcell.org)
  • This form of cloning is unrelated to stem cell research. (eurostemcell.org)
  • To date, no human embryonic stem cell lines have been derived using therapeutic cloning, so both these possibilities remain very much in the future. (eurostemcell.org)
  • As he has questioned the HFEA before, would not the use of vulnerable human patients in clinical trials be premature, dangerous, and unethical given the already acquired knowledge in the research community that such supposed "patient-specific" stem cells would most probably cause serious immune rejection reactions in these patients? (lifeissues.net)
  • However, following the successful derivation of human embryonic stem cells in 1998, the debate over human cloning largely shifted to the question of whether it is acceptable for scientists to create human embryos only to destroy them. (thenewatlantis.com)
  • The subsequent discovery of promising alternative techniques for generating stem cells without creating or destroying embryos seemed to show that scientific progress would obviate the demand for cloning. (thenewatlantis.com)
  • But cloning research continued, and American scientists announced in 2013 that they had for the first time successfully obtained stem cells from cloned human embryos. (thenewatlantis.com)
  • He is the co-author of the book The Natural Limits to Biological Change , served as general editor of Creation, Evolution and Modern Science , co-author of Basic Questions on Genetics, Stem Cell Research and Cloning (The BioBasics Series) , and has published numerous journal articles. (probe.org)
  • 1] Therapeutic cloning, on the other hand, creates human embryos merely as a source of embryonic stem cells. (reasons.org)
  • Tragically, however, in order to harvest stem cells from human embryos, the embryos must be destroyed. (reasons.org)
  • Many of these accurate definitions can also be used in bills and treaties concerning related issues, e.g., human embryonic stem cell research, human genetic engineering, abortion, the use of abortifacients, conscience clauses, IVF and other artificial reproductive technology research and regulation, etc. (lifeissues.net)
  • The heated debate in our society over reproductive cloning, as well as therapeutic cloning to obtain embryonic stem cells, has been fueled by misconceptions and hyperbole on both sides. (flfamily.org)
  • Scientists want to make cloned human embryos to get embryonic stem cells, which live inside early embryos and have the potential to cure a wide array of diseases. (irfi.org)
  • The bill purports to promote stem-cell research, while outlawing the cloning of a human being. (cbc-network.org)
  • It is the policy of Washington state that research involving the derivation and use of human embryonic stem cells, human embryonic germ cells, and human adult stem cells from any source, including somatic cell nuclear transplantation , is permitted upon full consideration of the ethical and medical implications of this research. (cbc-network.org)
  • The unique properties of human stem cells have aroused considerable optimism about their potential as new pathways for alleviating human suffering caused by disease and injury. (edu.au)
  • Stem cells may be derived from adult tissues but the most potent are extracted from developing human embryos. (edu.au)
  • This issue was considered by the House of Representatives Standing Committee on Legal and Constitutional Affairs in its report entitled Human Cloning: Scientific, Ethical and Regulatory Aspects of Human Cloning and Stem Cell Research (hereafter the Andrews Report , after the Chair of the Committee, Mr Kevin Andrews, MP) released in September 2001. (edu.au)
  • Stem cell technology in humans derives from earlier and complementary work in animal studies. (edu.au)
  • Therapeutic cloning, sometimes referred to as embryo cloning, is the production of human stem cells for use in research. (mystudywriters.com)
  • Stem cells from cord blood or adult tissues do not give rise to the same moral considerations as those derived from embryos or cloned embryos or aborted foetuses. (cmq.org.uk)
  • Cloning could also be used by IVF couples to create more embryos for IVF procedures, and to create embryos, or help create a child, to be a donor of stem cells for a sick sibling or relative, and create children for homosexual couples that are genetically related to one or both of them (the latter situation would apply to female homosexuals). (ethicalrights.com)
  • The term is generally used to refer to artificial human cloning, which is the reproduction of human cells and tissue. (wikipedia.org)
  • Cloning describes the processes used to create an exact genetic replica of another cell, tissue or organism. (medlineplus.gov)
  • It is also our view that there are no sound reasons for treating the early-stage human embryo or cloned human embryo as anything special, or as having moral status greater than human somatic cells in tissue culture. (wikiquote.org)
  • 3. With regard to human tissue cloning, Gregory Stock, a US biophysicist, states 'what real-world dangers do we face that might warrant so premature a repudiation of the therapeutic possibilities inherent in these scientific breakthroughs? (ethicalrights.com)
  • Among the largest Asian countries, Japan was an early pioneer in regulating human embryo research, pledging international cooperation on the issue following pronouncements on the subject at a June 1997 meeting of the Group of Eight in Denver, Colorado. (publicintegrity.org)
  • On April 11, 2003, Washington Post Staff Writer, Rick Weiss, reported 'New research suggests that it may be a lot harder to clone people than to clone other animals, an unexpected scientific twist that could influence the escalating congressional debate over human cloning and embryo research. (irfi.org)
  • But opponents of human embryo research were afraid that the new research not only identifies previously unrecognized hurdles to human cloning, but also points the way to overcoming those hurdles. (irfi.org)
  • The human embryo is cloned, then used only for research or therapeutic treatments. (wnd.com)
  • The recent desperation to clone human embryos may be seriously undermining accepted ethical principles of medical research, with potentially profound wider consequences. (lifeissues.net)
  • And he also agrees that if we don't find global agreement on human cloning, "we can probably expect dire consequences for the future of biomedical research and its impact on society at large. (lifeissues.net)
  • But he is equally concerned about the unethical aspects inherent in the rush to perform " therapeutic " human cloning research, including the abuses to all vulnerable human patients who would be required to participate in clinical trials. (lifeissues.net)
  • Cloning-for-biomedical-research is also profoundly unethical, as it turns human reproduction into a manufacturing process in the most literal sense: human embryos are created to serve as raw materials for the production of biomedical research supplies. (thenewatlantis.com)
  • Cloning-for-biomedical-research also endangers the health and safety of the women called on to undergo dangerous hormone treatments to serve as egg donors. (thenewatlantis.com)
  • If research cloning is not stopped now, we face the prospect of the mass farming of human embryos and fetuses, and the transformation of the noble enterprise of biomedical research into a grotesque system of exploitation and death. (thenewatlantis.com)
  • Not only that, but poor Eve, who I believe is a full human being with a soul, will be a research subject all her life, however long that is. (probe.org)
  • Recent and ongoing research suggests an alternative approach that can achieve the same goal (repair of damaged or diseased organs) without destroying human embryos. (reasons.org)
  • In fact, the research team oversaw the birth of four normal, healthy piglets with organs suitable for human transplants. (reasons.org)
  • The "pros" and "cons" of human cloning research have already been dealt with at length in the literature, so they will not be reviewed here. (lifeissues.net)
  • Rather, after having published analyses of dozens of state, national, federal and international legislative attempts to ban human cloning research, I simply wish to offer seriously considered suggestions for the use of scientifically accurate language and definitions to be used in such endeavors in order to prevent loopholes which would result in much human cloning not being really banned. (lifeissues.net)
  • The privately-funded experiment, which took place at Seoul National University under the guidance of Korean Hwang Woo-suk and American Jose Cibelli, was only the latest in a group of announcements from research institutions in Asia in the last few years, and demonstrates that cloning research is becoming "globalized" like any other commodity. (publicintegrity.org)
  • The United States currently has no comprehensive law, and legislation that would have banned both research and reproductive cloning has failed to reach a vote in the Senate after approval in the House of Representatives in July 2001. (publicintegrity.org)
  • A growing number of U.S. legislators seem prepared to support research on therapeutic cloning. (publicintegrity.org)
  • They were optimistic based on the research carried out into human genetics. (irfi.org)
  • In some countries, such as the UK, certain forms of gene editing research on human embryos are legal if the embryos are not implanted into a woman, and are destroyed after 14 days of development. (oxplore.org)
  • A vital question is whether we should allow this type of research - the editing of human embryos that will never be implanted into a woman, or indeed leave a petri-dish. (oxplore.org)
  • Some may fear that it will be impossible to pursue this research without also opening the door to objectionable reproductive uses of GE. (oxplore.org)
  • In cloning, a distinction between reproductive applications and research enabled clearly beneficial research to proceed while controversial applications were set aside. (oxplore.org)
  • While there is widespread agreement that GE should not be used for reproductive purposes, its use in research should be encouraged. (oxplore.org)
  • Using GE on human embryos would be valuable in medical research for at least three reasons. (oxplore.org)
  • The medical establishment, ethicists, etc. are quick to denounce reproductive cloning and obviously immoral, but to distinguish therapeutic cloning as vitally important and worthwhile research. (singularvalues.com)
  • The benefits of cloning (parts of) humans being that we wouldn't need any more donors, or we could do research on organs without having to use humans themselves. (mystudywriters.com)
  • Secondly, widening the scope of research further establishes the human embryo as a mere commodity for use as a research animal and moves away from Dame Warnock's assertion that the embryo deserves special respect. (cmq.org.uk)
  • The report offers an ethical and policy analysis, articulating what makes cloning morally repugnant and calling for the practice to be definitively prohibited in the United States. (thenewatlantis.com)
  • Another Nobel Laureate, James D. Watson, publicized the potential and the perils of cloning in his Atlantic Monthly essay, "Moving Toward the Clonal Man", in 1971. (wikipedia.org)
  • Although the simple use of the word 'clone' may have negative connotations, many people have resigned themselves to the idea of cloning cows that produce more milk or using a cloned mouse for use in controlled experimentation. (bartleby.com)
  • Cloning cows in recent years has provided scientists with an understanding of why they did not get everything: starting with problems during implantation and ending with the aforementioned mutations, which lead to the death of offspring. (scienews.com)
  • But in many animals other than humans, one of these genes is turned off. (irfi.org)
  • Cloning allows one to propagate one's genes, and Richard Dawkins would argue that we create a greater bond to those genetically related to us-in this way cloning may be preferred by some couples over adoption. (ethicalrights.com)
  • Many nations oppose human reproductive cloning as "inherently unethical. (wnd.com)
  • This report is bad news for the unethical charlatans who have been preying on people by claiming they are able to clone people's loved ones,' said Gerald Schatten of the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, who led the new study in April 11, 2003 issue of the journal Science. (irfi.org)
  • Two commonly discussed types of human cloning are therapeutic cloning and reproductive cloning. (wikipedia.org)
  • When the cloning process is used in this way, to produce a living duplicate of an existing animal, it is commonly called reproductive cloning. (eurostemcell.org)
  • Human adenovirus type 4 (HAdV-4) is most commonly isolated in military settings. (cdc.gov)
  • As my colleague Nigel Cameron at the Center for Bioethics and Human Dignity told PBS, "We're moving into a whole redefinition of the way in which children and parents relate, because children become people whom we can design, rather than if they just come to us as gifts. (breakpoint.org)
  • Scientists call this process "therapeutic" cloning, that is cloning for medical and therapeutic purposes, and distinguish it from traditional cloning, which has reproductive implications. (scienews.com)
  • And while it may seem that the choice inherent to cloning can circumvent these potential genetic disadvantages, scientists have found that it is not necessary. (scienews.com)
  • The reality of genetic defects passed on to the cloned child ought to be discussed, according to Fernando Zegers-Hochschild, director of the Unit of Reproductive Medicine at Clinica Las Condes in Santiago, Chile. (wnd.com)
  • A third view says that cloning will provide for the possibility of improvement by giving birth to children who are free of birth defects, because when any two people create a child through sex there is the possibility for genetic defects. (bartleby.com)
  • Action by various states, nations and international organizations was spurred by the November announcement by Massachusetts-based Advanced Cell Technology that it had successfully cloned human embryos. (wnd.com)
  • In biology , cloning is the process of producing similar populations of genetically identical individuals that occurs in nature when organisms such as bacteria , insects or plants reproduce asexually . (wikiquote.org)
  • First of all: how exactly can you clone living organisms? (mystudywriters.com)
  • In addition to this normal process, we have developed laboratory techniques with which to manipulate the procreation of new human organisms. (actionlife.org)
  • Dr John Parrington, a cloning expert at University College London, pointed out that more than one gene behaved in a way that might cause problems in a growing cloned human embryo. (irfi.org)
  • An application has already been lodged with the Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority (HFEA) to perform gene editing in compliance with these standards. (oxplore.org)
  • Harris Lewin, Professor, Department of evolution and ecology, University of California at Davis, and its scientists published work on the implications of cloning for gene expression in the journal proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences in 2016. (scienews.com)
  • Imagine that there will be clones, it would surely narrow down the gene diversity which we have created over the years. (mystudywriters.com)
  • Though fraught with problems, reproductive cloning at least strives to reproduce a human being and, in principle, preserves the value of human life. (reasons.org)
  • Dr. Irving, whose Ph.D. included a doctoral concentration in secular bioethics at the world's foremost bioethics institute, noted that the bill was poorly prepared using faulty science and lacking basic definitions necessary to have the law actually ban cloning as it claims it does. (lifesitenews.com)
  • Human cloning is the creation of a genetically identical copy of a human. (wikipedia.org)
  • Another long-term hope for therapeutic cloning is that it could be used to generate cells that are genetically identical to a patient. (eurostemcell.org)
  • Reproductive cloning would involve making an entire cloned human, instead of just specific cells or tissues. (wikipedia.org)
  • One such approach, called "xenotransplantation" (the transplantation of living cells, tissues, and organs from one species to another species), turns to pigs as a source of organs for human transplants. (reasons.org)
  • The process has been rife with delay, people caught within human rights complaints usually feel like they're lost in some kind of Kafkaesque nightmare. (lifesitenews.com)
  • If the cloned human organism is to be experimented upon and destroyed, the process is often called "therapeutic cloning. (cbc-network.org)
  • If it is to be brought to birth, the process is usually called "reproductive cloning. (cbc-network.org)
  • This process allows people to clone living things of any sort. (bartleby.com)
  • are commonplace, with their cloning occurring during the natural process of reproduction. (absoluteastronomy.com)
  • This is cloning, a process in which the body cell that donated the replacement nucleus supplies the chromosomes of the new human organism. (actionlife.org)
  • In the middle of the year 2001 a group of scientists said cloning humans might be easier than cloning animals. (irfi.org)
  • Or to put it the other way around, cloning, not implantation, is what produces a new and distinct human organism. (cbc-network.org)
  • Whether the new organism is produced by fertilization or by cloning, each new human organism is a distinct entity. (actionlife.org)
  • Twins are genetic duplicates of each other, but no one would deny that each is a distinct human individual. (actionlife.org)
  • The Raelians have been hinting for months that a successful cloned birth was expected. (probe.org)
  • At that point - and this is important to understand - there is no more cloning to be done since a new human organism now exists. (cbc-network.org)
  • … "embryo" means a human organism during the first 56 days of its development following fertilization or creation, excluding any time during which its development has been suspended, and includes any cell derived from such an organism that is used for the purpose of creating a human being. (hinxtongroup.org)
  • Every human being begins as a single-cell zygote, grows through the embryonic stage, then the fetal stage, is born and develops through infancy, through childhood, and through adulthood, until death. (actionlife.org)
  • Note that each and every individual "loophole" discussed below that permits human cloning by default (and most bills have literally dozens of such loopholes) thus permits it for both "therapeutic" and for "reproductive" human cloning. (lifeissues.net)
  • Clonaid's claim to have produced the first human clones propelled the ethical debate about human cloning to the headlines last December. (reasons.org)
  • The Ethical Debate Concerning Cloning In the year that has elapsed since the announcement of Dolly's birth, there has been much discussion of the ethical implications of cloning humans. (bartleby.com)
  • Note: Please read The Little Lamb That Made a Monkey of Us All for the author's comments on the news of a successful lamb cloning (March 7, 1997). (probe.org)
  • Reproductive cloning is defended as a means of providing children for infertile couples or for homosexual pairs. (wnd.com)
  • An Italian fertility doctor, Dr. Severino Antinori announced his intention to clone humans, so that he can help infertile couples to have children. (irfi.org)
  • Thus to use the phrase "of an existing or previously existing human being" to refer to the product of human cloning would not be a scientifically accurate description of the cloned or genetically engineered human embryo -- thus creating yet another loophole in the bill or treaty. (lifeissues.net)
  • The committee is expected to "define a negotiation mandate" for a possible treaty to ban human reproductive cloning. (wnd.com)
  • France and Germany originally proposed that human reproductive cloning be banned under a treaty to be negotiated at the U.N. (wnd.com)
  • The new work by scientists in Pittsburgh provides an explanation for why hundreds of attempts to clone monkeys have all failed despite successes in several other mammals. (irfi.org)
  • The first hybrid human clone was created in November 1998, by Advanced Cell Technology. (wikipedia.org)
  • Robert P. Lanza of Advanced Cell Technology claimed his project is "proof of the principle that 'therapeutic cloning' can work. (wnd.com)
  • Japan subsequently enacted legislation in late 2000 criminalizing the cloning of human embryos for reproductive purposes. (publicintegrity.org)
  • The possibilities of human cloning have raised controversies. (wikipedia.org)
  • In his speech on "Biological Possibilities for the Human Species of the Next Ten Thousand Years" at the Ciba Foundation Symposium on Man and his Future in 1963, he said: It is extremely hopeful that some human cell lines can be grown on a medium of precisely known chemical composition. (wikipedia.org)
  • Not only would cloning-to-produce-children be a dangerous experimental procedure, one that cannot be consented to by its subjects (the children created by it), it is also a profound distortion of the moral meaning of human procreation. (thenewatlantis.com)
  • Dr. Condic discusses the beginning of human life and the moral status of the human being. (flfamily.org)
  • Considered contrary to the moral law, since (it is in) opposition to the dignity both of human procreation and of the conjugal union. (wikiquote.org)
  • Now you may ask what this has to do with the whole "can we clone humans" and the ethical and moral issues. (mystudywriters.com)
  • The first obstacle to cloning your dog is that $100,000 cost. (wikiquote.org)
  • Agreeing with the premise of an earlier article in the same journal, he agrees that we "must not let our debate get completely derailed by vested interests, whether politically or economically motivated", and that the failure to find global agreement on human cloning at the U.N. could result in "reproductive" human cloning [and all the abuses of women that would entail]. (lifeissues.net)
  • Given this fanfare, the debate has tended to focus on reproductive cloning-the use of cloning to generate a human being-and its bizarre societal and familial side effects. (reasons.org)
  • This debate is in many ways similar to the debate around cloning. (oxplore.org)
  • In that debate, it was helpful to draw a clear distinction between reproductive cloning and therapeutic cloning. (oxplore.org)
  • Several authors have attempted to outline some of the ethical objections to cloning while at the same time minimizing the role religion plays in this debate. (bartleby.com)
  • and the general public debate about reproductive cloning. (edu.au)
  • Reproductive cloning in animals has a 3-8 percent success rate. (wnd.com)
  • In addition to low success rates, cloned animals tend to have more compromised immune function and higher rates of infection, tumor growth, and other disorders. (wikiquote.org)
  • Couples would not make a frivolous decision to clone a child, just as they do not make such decisions about undergoing IVF treatment. (ethicalrights.com)
  • Reproductive cloning provides options for people with mitochondrial disease and for couples where the male has no viable sperm to create a child genetically related to himself. (ethicalrights.com)