Repressor proteins that bind. Medical search. Frequent questions

determined that the KaiABC protein complex was responsible for the circadian negative feedback loop in Synechococcus by mapping 19 clock mutants to the genes for these three proteins. (wikipedia.org)
Extensive evidence has revealed that the core clock machinery involves "clock genes" and "clock proteins" functioning as molecular cogs. (bioone.org)
1) The alternation of protein levels of critical oncogenes or tumour suppressor genes, which causes by miRNAs deregulation may also lead to proliferative diseases such as cancer. (ukessays.com)
Under Cu stress, Cu(I) binds to CsoR and de-represses genes under its transcriptional control. (bl.uk)
Dispersed between the chromosomes are over 20,000 genes, sometimes separated by vast stretches of non-coding DNA, or that which does not encode proteins. (jove.com)
Genes themselves consist of protein-coding exons and non-coding introns. (jove.com)
In eukaryotic genomes, genes are separated by large stretches of DNA that do not code for proteins. (jove.com)
Each repressor targets a specific co-regulated group of genes by recognizing a specific sequence of DNA, called the operator in bacteria . (proteopedia.org)
Repressor proteins are coded for by regulatory genes. (proteopedia.org)
The lac repressor, and the group of genes it controls, which is called an operon , were the first such gene regulatory system to be discovered. (proteopedia.org)
The protein diversity of mammalian cells is determined by arrays of isoforms from genes. (elifesciences.org)
In Drosophila, signal transduction from Wingless stabilizes cytosolic Armadillo, which then forms a bipartite transcription factor with the HMG-box protein Drosophila Tcf (dTcf) and activates expression of Wingless-responsive genes. (duke.edu)
Here we report that in the absence of Armadillo, dTcf acts as a transcriptional repressor of Wingless-responsive genes, and we show that Groucho acts as a corepressor in this process. (duke.edu)
The morphogen theory posits that proteins controlling traits are arranged as gradients, with different amounts of proteins activating genes to create specified physical features. (livescience.com)
By examining DNA sequences associated with these target genes, the researchers discovered binding sites for three other proteins-Runt, Capicua, and Kruppel-which all act as repressors. (livescience.com)
AcrR is a one-component allosteric repressor of the genes associated with lipid transport and antibiotic resistance. (rcsb.org)
A transcriptional co-repressor is a protein that interacts with other DNA-binding proteins to suppress the activity of certain genes, although it cannot attach (bind) to DNA by itself. (medlineplus.gov)
In the following paragraphs, we will write genes in italics and their associated proteins in Roman. (wikidoc.org)
The dimers bind at kappa-B sites in the DNA of their target genes and the individual dimers have distinct preferences for different kappa-B sites that they can bind with distinguishable affinity and specificity. (abcam.com)
We therefore suggest a new mechanism involving a cofactor that is regulated as well as recruited by one of the master genes to bind to the antagonistic partner that is necessary for bistability and hence switch-like behavior. (lu.se)

The transcription factor TATA-box binding protein (TBP) modulates gene expression in nuclei. (sinica.edu.tw)
The team led by Dr. Kuo-Chiang Hsia (Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica) and Dr. Wei-Yi Chen (Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University) presents a cryo-EM structure of Kap114p, one of the Kap-βs, in complex with TATA box binding protein and reveals a non-canonical function beyond nuclear transport that modulates TBP-dependent transcription. (sinica.edu.tw)
We later identified PIAS (protein inhibitor of activated STAT)xalpha as a DJ-1-binding protein, and found that DJ-1 restored androgen receptor (AR) transcription activity that was repressed by PIASxalpha. (nih.gov)
1) The circadian oscillators in eukaryotes that have been studied function using a negative feedback loop in which proteins inhibit their own transcription in a cycle that takes approximately 24 hours. (wikipedia.org)
As a largest plant-specific transcription factor family, NAC domain proteins play an important role in plant development and regulation of abiotic stress tolerance. (frontiersin.org)
The encoded protein can activate transcription through pyrimidine-rich initiator (Inr) elements and E-box motifs. (cancerindex.org)
Thus, we have undertaken studies to identify other regulators of leukotoxin transcription and to demonstrate how these proteins work together to modulate leukotoxin synthesis. (usda.gov)
First, analyses of ltxA RNA expression from defined leukotoxin promoter mutations in the chromosome identify -69 to -35 as the key control region and indicate that an activator protein modulates leukotoxin transcription. (usda.gov)
Proteins called repressors bind to these regions, preventing polymerase-promoter association, inhibiting transcription. (jove.com)
TDP-43 is a transcriptional repressor DNA binding protein and represses HIV-1 transcription. (delveinsight.com)
Deformed epidermal autoregulatory factor-1 (DEAF-1) is a transcription factor that was originally shown to bind the autoregulatory enhancer of the Deformed ( Dfd ) Hox gene, which is activated in embryonic head segments of Drosophila (Gross, 1996). (sdbonline.org)
It regulates the transcription of the cI protein and the Cro protein. (wikidoc.org)
Cro binds to OR3 preventing access to the RM promoter preventing transcription and production of cI. (wikidoc.org)
Many small molecules, such as antibiotics used in cancer chemotherapy, are believed to execute their therapeutic action through binding to the DNA template and impeding the progress of transcription and replication. (caltech.edu)
In occurs through the inhibition of DNA binding of cognate cis- hematopoiesis there exist several lineage branch points with regulatory motif while in the other case DNA binding is unaffected identified key transcription factors and external signals [3-5]. (lu.se)
Modulation of Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Complex Formation by Id Proteins during Neuronal Differentiation. (lu.se)
It is assumed that the Id helix-loop-helix (HLH) proteins act by associating with ubiquitously expressed basic HLH (bHLH) transcription factors, such as E47 and E2-2, which prevents these factors from forming functional hetero- or homodimeric DNA binding complexes. (lu.se)

The lactose ("lac") repressor controls the expression of bacterial enzymes involved in the metabolism of of the sugar lactose. (proteopedia.org)

For a general introduction to the lac repressor, please see David Goodsell's Introduction to the lac repressor in his series Molecule of the Month , and the article in Wikipedia on the lac repressor . (proteopedia.org)
An amino acid is the fundamental molecule that serves as the building block for proteins. (genome.gov)
Each time an amino acid is added to a growing polypeptide during protein synthesis, a tRNA anticodon pairs with its complementary codon on the mRNA molecule, ensuring that the appropriate amino acid is inserted into the polypeptide. (genome.gov)
Fe(II) footprinting provided greater resolving capacity and importantly more precisely defined the binding locations and sizes of small molecule: DNA complexes. (caltech.edu)
Additionally, a detergent molecule bound in a previously undescribed binding site provides insights into substrate translocation through the pathway. (bvsalud.org)

The RadA/Sms family are probable ATP-dependent proteases involved in both DNA repair and degradation of proteins, peptides, glycopeptides. (wikipedia.org)

Translational operator of mRNA on the ribosome: how repressor proteins exclude ribosome binding. (igbmc.fr)
The binding of miRNA- protein complexes to mRNA causes translation inhibition or destabilisation of target transcripts. (ukessays.com)
1) This is resulting in the downregulation of the protein encoded by mRNA. (ukessays.com)
Introns are excised once the sequence is transcribed to mRNA, leaving only exons to code for proteins. (jove.com)
In a cell, antisense DNA serves as the template for producing messenger RNA (mRNA), which directs the synthesis of a protein. (genome.gov)
While protein expression is dictated by the level of gene expression, the structure and function of the protein is largely determined by the isoforms of the mRNA of a given gene and are impacted by mutations or other structural alterations to the amino acids ( Faustino and Cooper, 2003 ). (elifesciences.org)
The conserved region around the C-terminus of the PIWI domain, which is required for small interfering RNA (siRNA) binding to AfPiwi, may function as the receptor site for the obligatory 5' phosphate of siRNAs, thereby specifying the cleavage position of the target mRNA. (rcsb.org)

Protein mutation is essential in species evolution and cancer development. (elifesciences.org)

The fundamental engines of RNA silencing are RISC and RITS complexes, whose common components are 21-25 nt RNA and an Argonaute protein containing a PIWI domain of unknown function. (rcsb.org)

Also in the KaiC family is RadA/Sms, a highly conserved eubacterial protein that shares sequence similarity with both RecA strand transferase and lon protease. (wikipedia.org)

For example, MVs from E. coli under envelope stress contain multiple misfolded proteins, whose release enhances bacterial survival [ 9 ]. (nature.com)
Previous work identified two proteins in the bacterial cell (IHF, CRP) that directly affect toxin level by either directly or indirectly binding to the cellular DNA code responsible for toxin production. (usda.gov)
Our goals were to identify other proteins that affect bacterial toxin production and to elucidate how these proteins work together. (usda.gov)

Members of this family have been shown to bind to KNOX and BELL- like TALE class homeodomain proteins. (utoronto.ca)

This technique combines DNase I cleavage of protein protected DNA fragments and Maxam-Gilbert sequence determination methods, relying on the relatively low specificity of DNase I in a partial digestion and the ability of DNA-bound proteins to prevent phosphodiester bond hydrolysis between the base pairs they cover. (caltech.edu)

The repressor found in the phage lambda is a notable example of the level of control possible over gene expression by a very simple system. (wikidoc.org)
The lambda repressor is a dimer also known as the cI protein . (wikidoc.org)
The life cycle of lambda phages is controlled by cI and Cro proteins. (wikidoc.org)
The lambda phage will remain in the lysogenic state if cI proteins predominate, but will be transformed into the lytic cycle if cro proteins predominate. (wikidoc.org)
Bacteriophage Lambda binds to the target E. coli cell, the tail tip binding to a maltose receptor. (wikidoc.org)

Our results were surprising and significant since in another bacteria associated with human health, E. coli, the protein Mlc has the opposite function. (usda.gov)
Transcriptional regulator proteins are closely involved in essential survival strategies in bacteria. (rcsb.org)

In molecular biology, the cyanobacterial clock proteins are the main circadian regulator in cyanobacteria. (wikipedia.org)
in an operon with an upstream PurR/LacI-type transcriptional regulator gene, named amlR ( ACSP50_2475 ), and a gene downstream ( ACSP50_2473 ) encoding a GGDEF-EAL-domain-containing protein putatively involved in c-di-GMP signaling. (frontiersin.org)
The cAMP receptor protein (CRP) indirectly increases ltxA expression but the intermediary regulator is unknown. (usda.gov)
Using affinity chromatography coupled to multidimensional protein identification technology (MudPIT), DEAF-1 was identified as a candidate regulator. (sdbonline.org)

When the lac repressor binds lactose, it changes to an inactive conformation that cannot repress the production of these enzymes. (proteopedia.org)

A protein consists of one or more chains of amino acids (called polypeptides) whose sequence is encoded in a gene. (genome.gov)
The ATN1 gene variants that cause CHEDDA syndrome occur in one of the two copies of the gene in each cell and lead to a change in single protein building blocks (amino acids) in atrophin 1. (medlineplus.gov)
By tiling 238 proteins, we find repressors as short as ten amino acids. (stanford.edu)

As a result, we identified a third protein (Mlc) that is required for toxin synthesis by binding to the toxin's DNA. (usda.gov)
Furthermore, in low-oxygenated conditions, the previously identified CRP protein works through this newly identified Mlc protein to increase toxin synthesis. (usda.gov)
Integration host factor (IHF) binds to and represses the leukotoxin promoter but neither CRP nor IHF is responsible for the anaerobic induction of ltxA RNA synthesis. (usda.gov)
DPR and NFJS are considered to be allelic disorders, attributable to mutations on the nonhelical (E1/V1) head domain in the KRT14 gene, with consequent premature termination of protein synthesis. (medscape.com)

Basic sequence-derived (length, molecular weight, isoelectric point) and experimentally-determined (median abundance, median absolute deviation) protein information. (yeastgenome.org)
The molecular composition and binding epitopes of the immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies that circulate in blood plasma following SARS-CoV-2 infection are unknown. (cdc.gov)

This paper focuses on the structural transition mechanism of AcrR of Mycobacterium tuberculosis upon DNA and ligand binding. (rcsb.org)

Furthermore, two Asp residues, conserved in the majority of Argonaute sequences, align spatially with the catalytic Asp residues of RNase H-like catalytic sites, suggesting that in eukaryotic Argonaute proteins the RNase H-like domain may possess nuclease activity. (rcsb.org)

A ubiquitously expressed sequence-specific transcriptional repressor that is normally the target of signaling by NOTCH PROTEINS. (harvard.edu)
Both methods provided similar information in the case of a sequence-specific DNA binding protein, lac repressor. (caltech.edu)

showing chain A in 1lbg , resolution 4.8 Å), starting at the N-terminus, begins with a DNA-binding "headpiece" , followed by a hinge region , then an N-terminal ligand-binding subdomain and a C-terminal ligand binding subdomain , a linker , and a C-terminal tetramerization helix [3] . (proteopedia.org)
each of the ligand-binding subdomains is made up of two discontinuous segments. (proteopedia.org)
of the ligand-binding domains [5] . (proteopedia.org)

The Cu sensitive operon repressor (CsoR) protein determines the set point of Cu(I) concentration in the cytosol. (bl.uk)

The DNA-binding domain employs a helix-turn-helix motif ( Alpha Helices , Turns ). (proteopedia.org)

The cyanobacterial clock proteins comprise three proteins: KaiA, KaiB and KaiC. (wikipedia.org)

This protein and the product of a second closely related gene, CTBP2, can dimerize. (thermofisher.com)
Studying interactions, we noted that all four Id proteins could dimerize with E47 or E2-2, but not with HASH-1 or dHAND. (lu.se)

A number of GlxA variants were created in Chapter 3 to elucidate the proteins unique spectroscopic properties. (bl.uk)

All three proteins are expressed in gradients with highest levels in the middle part of the embryo, and thus are positioned in exactly the opposite orientation compared to the Bcd activation gradient. (livescience.com)
By changing the spatial distribution of the repressors and by manipulating their binding sites, Small and his colleagues showed that these repressors antagonize Bcd-dependent activation and are absolutely critical for establishing the correct order of boundaries that are found in a normal embryo. (livescience.com)
PM2.5 significantly induced AhR DNA binding activity to dioxin responsive elements (DRE) and expression of the AhR repressor (AhRR), cytochrome P450 (CYP) 1A1, and CYP1B1, indicating activation of the AhR. (cdc.gov)

contains repeated motifs (GLFG and FG) in N-term and a RNA binding motif in C-term. (atlasgeneticsoncology.org)
DEAF-1 recognizes several TTCG motifs within the portion of the Dfd autoregulatory region termed 'module E.' In addition, DEAF-1 binds several similar motifs within a Dfd response element ( DRE ) from the 1.28 gene that enhances maxillary gene expression during embryogenesis (Pederson, 2000). (sdbonline.org)

Several tissue-specific bHLH proteins, including HASH-1, dHAND, and HES-1, are important for development of the nervous system. (lu.se)

In addition to demonstrating different interactions between CRP and Mlc and their effects on periodontal toxin production, we also discovered how the IHF protein decreases toxin production by blocking Mlc binding to the toxin DNA. (usda.gov)
Alternative views have suggested physical features are not necessarily the result of a specified number of proteins, but, rather, come from more complex interactions between multiple gradients that work against one another. (livescience.com)
The 32-aa MYND domain (for myeloid, Nervy, and Deaf-1) contains non-DNA-binding zinc fingers that are thought to mediate protein-protein interactions (Gross, 1996). (sdbonline.org)
binding cooperativity of different small molecules) on the interactions of small molecules with native DNA. (caltech.edu)
Hydrogen bonds are one of the important noncovalent interactions that shape and maintain protein structure. (bvsalud.org)
water-mediated interactions resulted in severely [email protected] reduced af®nities for trp repressor (Joachimi ak et al. (lu.se)

Both Int and IHF bind to attP and form an intasome , a DNA-protein-complex designed for site-specific recombination of the phage and host DNA. (wikidoc.org)

GmNAC11 is a transcriptional activator, whereas GmNAC20 is a mild transcriptional repressor. (frontiersin.org)

Essentiality of the Maltase AmlE in Maltose Utilization and Its Transcriptional Regulation by the Repressor AmlR in the Acarbose-Producing Bacterium Actinoplanes sp. (frontiersin.org)
1) The regulation of these protein levels is vital for the understanding of the cell cycle control and its dysregulation. (ukessays.com)
who also correctly proposed the general mechanism of regulation by the lac repressor. (proteopedia.org)
Both proteins can also interact with a polycomb group protein complex which participates in regulation of gene expression during development. (thermofisher.com)
In differentiating neuroblastoma cells, HASH-1 is down-regulated, and there is coincident up-regulation of the transcriptional repressor HES-1, which is known to bind the HASH-1 promoter. (lu.se)
The ability of Id proteins to affect HES-1 activity is of particular interest in neuronal cells, where regulation of HES-1 is essential for the timing of neuronal differentiation. (lu.se)
To understand the role of the epigenetic co-repressor protein TRIM28 in the control of transposable elements (TEs) and how TEs control gene regulation in the developing and adult brain. (lu.se)

In addition, this protein regulates alternate splicing of the CFTR gene. (delveinsight.com)

The histone methyltransferase SETDB1 plays a central role in repressive chromatin processes, but the functional requirement for its binding partner ATF7IP has remained enigmatic. (nih.gov)

Although the exact function of this protein is unknown, it appears to play an important role in nerve cells (neurons) in many areas of the brain. (medlineplus.gov)
This altered protein accumulates in neurons and interferes with normal cell functions. (medlineplus.gov)

A repressor is a DNA binding protein (in the case of Sr9011 an artificial one) that inhibits gene expression. (thecni.org)

Finally, mutations in the Drosophila groucho gene also suppress wingless and armadillo mutant phenotypes as Groucho physically interacts with dTcf and is required for its full repressor activity. (duke.edu)
The extended CAG region changes the structure of atrophin 1 and how the protein interacts with other proteins to control gene function. (medlineplus.gov)

Scope includes mutations and abnormal protein expression. (cancerindex.org)
Protein expression and function of organic anion transporters in short-term and long-term cultures of Huh7 human hepatoma cells. (cancerindex.org)
Among them a promoter, exons, introns, and regulatory elements, which together help to determine protein expression in a cell. (jove.com)

This gene encodes a protein that binds to the C-terminus of adenovirus E1A proteins. (thermofisher.com)
Encodes a member of the plant specific ovate protein family. (utoronto.ca)

The C-terminal domain is responsible for dimer formation, binding to KaiC, enhancing KaiC phosphorylation and generating the circadian oscillations. (wikipedia.org)
Binding of a cI dimer to OR1 enhances binding of a second cI dimer to OR2, an effect called cooperativity . (wikidoc.org)
Different dimer combinations act as transcriptional activators or repressors, respectively. (abcam.com)

showing the differences between non-specific binding (straight DNA) vs. specific recognition of the operator sequence (kinked DNA). (proteopedia.org)
Chemistry Department be a major determinant of trp repressor/operator recognition. (lu.se)

Therefore, we conclude that Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (Aa) toxin production does not solely rely on the proteins previously identified but requires additional factors, as well. (usda.gov)

Here, we show that ATF7IP is essential for SETDB1 stability: nuclear SETDB1 protein is degraded by the proteasome upon ablation of ATF7IP. (nih.gov)
control the stability and translation of protein-coding mRNAs. (ukessays.com)
Deep mutational scanning of the CRISPRi KRAB maps the co-repressor binding surface and identifies substitutions that improve stability/silencing. (stanford.edu)

SELEX assays and footprinting data indicate that DEAF-1 binds to and activates Mtk and Drs regulatory DNAs via a TTCGGBT motif. (sdbonline.org)

What percentage of time this DNA sequence spends in a kinked state, in the absence of bound lac repressor protein, is not known, but it may be a significant percentage (see next section below). (proteopedia.org)
In the absence of cI proteins, the cro gene may be transcribed. (wikidoc.org)

Fe(II) footprinting, which allows the determination of the preferred binding sites of several small molecules on heterogeneous double helical DNAs. (caltech.edu)
Fe(II) as a small synthetic scissor one is capable of footprinting the preferred locations and binding site sizes of small molecules bound on native DNA. (caltech.edu)
From a collection of their preferred binding sites, binding models for these small molecules have been derived. (caltech.edu)
Fe(II) footprinting has been compared with DNase I footprinting in their ability to determine the binding specificities of both small molecules and proteins. (caltech.edu)
No evidence was obtained for of Chemistry, Lund University water molecules bound with longer residence times. (lu.se)

The crystal structure of an archaeal Piwi protein (AfPiwi) is organised into two domains, one resembling the sugar-binding portion of the lac repressor and another with similarity to RNase H. Invariant residues and a coordinated metal ion lie in a pocket that surrounds the conserved C-terminus of the protein, defining a key functional region in the PIWI domain. (rcsb.org)

80%) against epitopes residing outside the receptor-binding domain (RBD). (cdc.gov)
The receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein is a candidate vaccine antigen that binds angiotensin-converting enzyme 2(ACE2), leading to virus entry. (cdc.gov)

The catalytic subunit of an anaerobic ribonucleotide reductase: What binds where? (lu.se)

In addition to the binding of DJBP to the COOH-terminal region of DJ-1, DJBP was also found to bind in vitro and in vivo to the DNA-binding domain of the AR in a testosterone-dependent manner and to be colocalized with DJ-1 or AR in the nucleus. (nih.gov)
The CmNAC1-GFP fusion protein was transiently expressed in tobacco leaves for subcellular localization analysis, and we found that CmNAC1 is localized in the nucleus. (frontiersin.org)

SCOP: Structural Classification of Proteins and ASTRAL. (berkeley.edu)
BpeF shares structural similarities with the crystal structure of OqxB from Klebsiella pneumoniae, where both are symmetric trimers composed of three "binding"-state monomers. (bvsalud.org)

Binding of human papillomavirus 16 E6 to p53 and E6AP is impaired by monoclonal antibodies directed against the second zinc-binding domain of E6. (igbmc.fr)
These results provide a resource of 600 human proteins containing effectors and demonstrate a scalable strategy for assigning functions to protein domains. (stanford.edu)

The unique RS1-encoded protein RstC is an antirepressor that counteracts the activity of the CTXf repressor, RstR. (cdc.gov)
T he presence and activity of various proteins are required in the cell cycle progression. (ukessays.com)
The DEAF-1 binding elements identified in these studies are reportedly not required for enhancer activity however (Reed, 2008). (sdbonline.org)
However, the Id proteins did complex with HES-1, and increased levels of Id2 reduced the DNA binding activity of HES-1. (lu.se)

Anatomy8

Organisms9

Chemicals and Drugs60

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment23

Phenomena and Processes66

Information Science3

Genes20

Transcription17

Metabolism1

Molecule5

Peptides1

MRNA7

Mutation1

Complexes1

Highly conserved1

Bacterial3

Homeodomain proteins1

Specificity1

Lambda5

Bacteria2

Regulator4

Lactose1

Amino3

Synthesis4

Molecular2

Mycobacterium1

Eukaryotic1

Sequence-specific2

Ligand3

Operon1

Helix-turn-1

Clock proteins1

Dimerize2

Elucidate1

Activation3

Motifs2

BHLH1

Interactions6

Phage1

Transcriptional activator1

Regulation7

Regulates1

Chromatin1

Neurons2

Gene expression1

Interacts2

Expression3

Encodes2

Dimer3

Recognition2

Toxin1

Stability3

Activates1

Absence2

Molecules5

Similarity1

Receptor2

Anaerobic1

Nucleus2

Structural2

Human2

Activity4