• We have previously shown that Nkx3.2, a transcriptional repressor that is expressed in the sclerotome and developing cartilage, can activate the chondrocyte differentiation program in somitic mesoderm in a bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-dependent manner. (elsevierpure.com)
  • In this work, we elucidate how BMP signaling modulates the transcriptional repressor activity of Nkx3.2. (elsevierpure.com)
  • The homeodomain and NK domain of Nkx3.2 support the interaction of this transcription factor with HDAC1 and Smad1, respectively, and both of these domains are required for the transcriptional repressor activity of Nkx3.2. (elsevierpure.com)
  • In this respect, the transcriptional repressor PARIS (ZNF746) was identified by our group in 2011 6 among several other co-substrates of PINK1 and parkin as a promising candidate to shed light on possible contributions of a defective mitochondrial biogenesis to PD pathogenesis. (nature.com)
  • Transcriptional repressor during pronephros development. (xenbase.org)
  • can function as a transcriptional repressor. (atlasgeneticsoncology.org)
  • In differentiating neuroblastoma cells, HASH-1 is down-regulated, and there is coincident up-regulation of the transcriptional repressor HES-1, which is known to bind the HASH-1 promoter. (lu.se)
  • In Rosetta(DE3)pLacI, the rare tRNA genes are present on the same plasmid that carries the lac repressor gene. (sigmaaldrich.com)
  • Such strains are suitable for production of protein from target genes cloned in pET vectors by induction with IPTG. (sigmaaldrich.com)
  • Among others, PIL5 induces the expression of the genes encoding the two DELLA proteins GA INSENSITIVE 1 (GAI) and REPRESSOR OF ga1-3 (RGA). (inrae.fr)
  • A transcriptional co-repressor is a protein that interacts with other DNA-binding proteins to suppress the activity of certain genes, although it cannot attach (bind) to DNA by itself. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Each repressor targets a specific co-regulated group of genes by recognizing a specific sequence of DNA, called the operator in bacteria . (proteopedia.org)
  • Repressor proteins are coded for by regulatory genes. (proteopedia.org)
  • The lac repressor, and the group of genes it controls, which is called an operon , were the first such gene regulatory system to be discovered. (proteopedia.org)
  • These proteins work as activators or repressors of growth-stimulating genes. (hightimes.com)
  • When a repressor is present, it stops the formation of growth-stimulating genes, in parallel activators start the transcription of growth-stimulating genes. (hightimes.com)
  • AcrR is a one-component allosteric repressor of the genes associated with lipid transport and antibiotic resistance. (rcsb.org)
  • Transcription factor Nrf2 is a key regulator of genes encoding phase II detoxification enzymes and antioxidant proteins in response to environmental chemical insults. (cdc.gov)
  • For a general introduction to the lac repressor, please see David Goodsell's Introduction to the lac repressor in his series Molecule of the Month , and the article in Wikipedia on the lac repressor . (proteopedia.org)
  • An amino acid is the fundamental molecule that serves as the building block for proteins. (genome.gov)
  • Each time an amino acid is added to a growing polypeptide during protein synthesis, a tRNA anticodon pairs with its complementary codon on the mRNA molecule, ensuring that the appropriate amino acid is inserted into the polypeptide. (genome.gov)
  • Originally discovered as a chief regulatory protein of glucose and lipid metabolism and cell differentiation, the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) is a ligand-activated transcription factor of the nuclear hormone receptor superfamily 8 . (nature.com)
  • The lactose ("lac") repressor controls the expression of bacterial enzymes involved in the metabolism of of the sugar lactose. (proteopedia.org)
  • The transcription factor TATA-box binding protein (TBP) modulates gene expression in nuclei. (sinica.edu.tw)
  • The team led by Dr. Kuo-Chiang Hsia (Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica) and Dr. Wei-Yi Chen (Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University) presents a cryo-EM structure of Kap114p, one of the Kap-βs, in complex with TATA box binding protein and reveals a non-canonical function beyond nuclear transport that modulates TBP-dependent transcription. (sinica.edu.tw)
  • L75F-TrpR is a temperature-sensitive mutant of the tryptophan repressor protein of Escherichia coli in which surface-exposed residue leucine 75 in the DNA binding domain is replaced with phenylalanine. (princeton.edu)
  • Translational operator of mRNA on the ribosome: how repressor proteins exclude ribosome binding. (igbmc.fr)
  • retinoblastoma binding protein 2. (atlasgeneticsoncology.org)
  • RS is related to various mutations on the MECP2 gene, which codes for methyl-CpG binding protein-2 (MECP2). (medscape.com)
  • The tox gene is regulated by a corynebacterial iron-binding repressor (DtxR). (medscape.com)
  • It is assumed that the Id helix-loop-helix (HLH) proteins act by associating with ubiquitously expressed basic HLH (bHLH) transcription factors, such as E47 and E2-2, which prevents these factors from forming functional hetero- or homodimeric DNA binding complexes. (lu.se)
  • However, the Id proteins did complex with HES-1, and increased levels of Id2 reduced the DNA binding activity of HES-1. (lu.se)
  • The bHLH protein SCL/Tal-l interacts with the co-repressor ETO-2 in erythroid cells and megakaryocytes. (ox.ac.uk)
  • The extended CAG region changes the structure of atrophin 1 and how the protein interacts with other proteins to control gene function. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Surprisingly, we recently found that DELLA directly interacts with multiple classes of key regulatory proteins in other signaling pathways. (duke.edu)
  • The pLacI plasmid confers chloramphenicol resistance and provides enough lac repressor to inhibit transcription from the T7 lac promoter in the absence of inducer. (sigmaaldrich.com)
  • But a mutation in the citrate-eaters allowed them to make an "antiporter" protein, CitT, that allows citrate to cross the membrane and enter the cell. (evolutionnews.org)
  • The remaining two proteins obtained after HPLC separation were identified as homologues of bacterial repressor-like proteins. (ox.ac.uk)
  • When the lac repressor binds lactose, it changes to an inactive conformation that cannot repress the production of these enzymes. (proteopedia.org)
  • Different dimer combinations act as transcriptional activators or repressors, respectively. (abcam.com)
  • Essentially, activators and repressors act like the stop and start pedals on a car. (hightimes.com)
  • While activators have been extensively characterized, repressors are less well studied: the identities and properties of their repressive domains (RDs) are typically unknown and the specific co-repressors (CoRs) they recruit have not been determined. (sdbonline.org)
  • In a cell, antisense DNA serves as the template for producing messenger RNA (mRNA), which directs the synthesis of a protein. (genome.gov)
  • In MEF cells with wild type Nrf2 and mouse hepa 1c1c7 cells, Cd increased the Nrf2 protein level but not the Nrf2 mRNA level dose-dependently. (cdc.gov)
  • Several tissue-specific bHLH proteins, including HASH-1, dHAND, and HES-1, are important for development of the nervous system. (lu.se)
  • Engineering lactic acid bacteria (LAB) is of growing importance for food and feed industry as well as for in vivo vaccination or the production of recombinant proteins in food grade organisms. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Although the exact function of this protein is unknown, it appears to play an important role in nerve cells (neurons) in many areas of the brain. (medlineplus.gov)
  • This altered protein accumulates in neurons and interferes with normal cell functions. (medlineplus.gov)
  • NF-kappa-B is a homo- or heterodimeric complex formed by the Rel-like domain-containing proteins RELA/p65, RELB, NFKB1/p105, NFKB1/p50, REL and NFKB2/p52. (abcam.com)
  • 17-mer used in this work and for the crystal structure of the 2:1 trp repressor/operator complex by Lawson & Carey (1993). (lu.se)
  • 1988) for the d-(ACT)Ád-(AGT) halfsites contacting the repressor in the 1:1 complex. (lu.se)
  • Modulation of Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Complex Formation by Id Proteins during Neuronal Differentiation. (lu.se)
  • Novagen Rosetta strains are BL21 derivatives designed to enhance the expression of eukaryotic proteins that contain codons rarely used in E. coli. (sigmaaldrich.com)
  • Expression host strains for pETBlue and pTriEx vectors are lDE3 lysogens that also carry the compatible pLacI plasmid, encoding the lac repressor. (sigmaaldrich.com)
  • Reciprocal expression of the endocytic protein HIP1R and its repressor FOXP1 predicts outcome in R-CHOP-treated diffuse large B-cell lymphoma patients. (ox.ac.uk)
  • We found that the three Id proteins expressed in neuroblastoma cells (Id1, Id2, and Id3) were down-regulated during induced differentiation, indicating that Id proteins help keep the tumor cells in an undifferentiated state. (lu.se)
  • The ability of Id proteins to affect HES-1 activity is of particular interest in neuronal cells, where regulation of HES-1 is essential for the timing of neuronal differentiation. (lu.se)
  • Thus, the existence of repressor-like proteins was demonstrated at the protein level in archaea, raising the question of structural and functional consequences of these proteins on the otherwise eukaryotic-like basal transcriptional machinery in archaea. (ox.ac.uk)
  • These findings advance understanding of repressors, their sequences, and the functional impact of sequence-altering mutations and should provide a valuable resource for further studies. (sdbonline.org)
  • Most of the important insights regarding the specific function of AP-1 proteins have been established through the use of mice with either loss- or gain-of-function manipulations of various members of the bZIP protein family [ 13 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • As a result, the protein is altered and cannot function normally, though it is unclear how these changes lead to the specific features of CHEDDA syndrome. (medlineplus.gov)
  • We identified the nuclear transcriptional regulators DELLA proteins, which function as master growth repressors by inhibiting all aspects of GA responses. (duke.edu)
  • A nuclear protein, HDAC-9 belongs to the histone deacetylase family with several isoforms and is inhibited by Trichostatin A (TSA) and suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid. (novusbio.com)
  • The phosphorylated enzyme catalyzes the phosphorylation of the alpha subunit of EUKARYOTIC INITIATION FACTOR-2, leading to the inhibition of protein synthesis. (bvsalud.org)
  • What percentage of time this DNA sequence spends in a kinked state, in the absence of bound lac repressor protein, is not known, but it may be a significant percentage (see next section below). (proteopedia.org)
  • A protein consists of one or more chains of amino acids (called polypeptides) whose sequence is encoded in a gene. (genome.gov)
  • DELLA proteins play a central role in these processes via direct protein-protein interactions with key transcription factors. (duke.edu)
  • water-mediated interactions resulted in severely [email protected] reduced af®nities for trp repressor (Joachimi ak et al. (lu.se)
  • Studying interactions, we noted that all four Id proteins could dimerize with E47 or E2-2, but not with HASH-1 or dHAND. (lu.se)
  • Transcriptional regulator proteins are closely involved in essential survival strategies in bacteria. (rcsb.org)
  • Vgsc-interacting proteins are genetically associated with pyrethroid resistance in Aedes aegypti. (cdc.gov)
  • It did this by making more of a transporter protein called DctA, which imports - at a small energy cost - succinate and other molecules exported by the citrate-eating strain. (evolutionnews.org)
  • Isolation and structure of repressor-like proteins from the archaeon Sulfolobus solfataricus. (ox.ac.uk)
  • It's the breaking of a molecular feature - a repressor switch. (evolutionnews.org)
  • A molecular repressor switch has been broken, and another protein has been overexpressed. (evolutionnews.org)
  • Chemistry Department be a major determinant of trp repressor/operator recognition. (lu.se)
  • Despite their many similarities, wild-type and mutant proteins display significant chemical shift differences, one cluster of which is in the B-C turn, too distant to be ascribed solely to ring current effects from Phe75. (princeton.edu)
  • BLAST databases using TBLASTX ( 13 ), to find similarities at protein level. (cdc.gov)
  • The transcription factor DOF AFFECTING GERMINATION1 (DAG1) is a repressor of seed germination acting downstream of the master repressor PHYTOCROME INTERACTING FACTOR3-LIKE 5 (PIL5). (inrae.fr)
  • who also correctly proposed the general mechanism of regulation by the lac repressor. (proteopedia.org)
  • To understand the role of the epigenetic co-repressor protein TRIM28 in the control of transposable elements (TEs) and how TEs control gene regulation in the developing and adult brain. (lu.se)