• MSY3 (MSY4, YB-2, CSDA, dbpA, ZONAB) is a member of the cold shock domain (CSD) family of proteins also known as Y-box proteins, which are evolutionarily conserved proteins that function as transcription factors and regulators of RNA metabolism and protein synthesis. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Analysis of the proteins that activate and repress different enhancers is combined with genetic studies to accurately position these factors within complex signalling networks. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Tamir, Y., and Bengal E . (2000) Phosphoinositide 3-kinase induces the transcriptional activity of MEF2 proteins during muscle differentiation . (technion.ac.il)
  • This family of proteins includes a wide variety of classes, including CYCLIN-DEPENDENT KINASES, mitogen-activated kinases, CYCLINS, and PHOSPHOPROTEIN PHOSPHATASES as well as their putative substrates such as chromatin-associated proteins, CYTOSKELETAL PROTEINS, and TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS. (lookformedical.com)
  • Regulatory proteins, namely the Transcription Factors (TFs), bind in a sequence-specific manner to TFBSs to activate or suppress gene transcription (gene expression). (biomedcentral.com)
  • Structural genes encode proteins that are not involved in gene regulation. (p450inhibitors.com)
  • We find that during normal lifespan of CMs gene regulation is mainly orchestrated by dynamic mCpG and canonical histone marks at distal regulatory and genic regions. (nature.com)
  • In this review, we focus on the role of cardiomyocyte-derived and cardiac fibroblast-derived microRNAs that are involved in the regulation of genes associated with cardiomyocyte and fibroblast function and in atherosclerosis-related cardiac ischemia. (archivesofmedicalscience.com)
  • The goal of my laboratory is to understand how blood vessels grow, differentiate and regress through studying the transcriptional regulation of vascular genes. (ox.ac.uk)
  • To study vessel regulation, my laboratory primarily focuses on the identification, characterisation and delineation of enhancers ( cis -regulatory elements) directing gene expression within the vasculature. (ox.ac.uk)
  • SoxF factors induce Notch1 expression via direct transcriptional regulation during early arterial development. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Kolpakova A*, Katz S*, Keren A, Rojtblat A, Bengal E . (2013) Transcriptional Regulation of Mesoderm Genes by MEF2D during Early Xenopus Development . (technion.ac.il)
  • Our loss- and gain-of-function studies, as well as the observed genetic interactions among Dorsocross, tinman and pannier , suggest that co-expression of these three genes in the cardiac mesoderm, which also involves cross-regulation, plays a major role in the specification of cardiac progenitors. (biologists.com)
  • Identification of transcription factor binding sites (TFBSs) is a central problem in Bioinformatics on gene regulation. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Therefore, TFBSs are a critical component in gene regulation, and identification of TFBSs is a central problem for understanding gene regulation in molecular biology. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Motif discovery provides significant insights into the understanding of the mechanisms of gene regulation. (biomedcentral.com)
  • This signaling culminates in regulation of transcription factors governing expression of the slow myosin heavy chain 2 gene - indicative of the slow muscle fiber phenotype. (rosalindfranklin.edu)
  • The mechanisms that regulate myoblast cell proliferation versus differentiation involve extracellular signaling via growth factors, their cognate receptors, intracellular signal transduction cascades, and transcriptional regulation of genes associated with cell proliferation. (rosalindfranklin.edu)
  • We are interested in the transcriptional regulation of the FGFR1 gene because its expression is tightly linked to continued myoblast proliferation. (rosalindfranklin.edu)
  • MicroRNAs are small non-coding post-translational biomolecules which, when expressed, modify their target genes. (archivesofmedicalscience.com)
  • Myocyte-specific enhancer factor 2D is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MEF2D gene. (wikipedia.org)
  • Enhancers are densely clustered groups of transcription factor binding motifs and are the principal regulators of spatio-temporal patterns of gene transcription. (ox.ac.uk)
  • MEF2 transcription factors are key regulators of sprouting angiogenesis. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Our on-going research is focused on the regulatory mechanisms that link innervation, PKC activity, IP3R1 activity, transcriptional regulators, and expression of slow muscle fiber type specific genes. (rosalindfranklin.edu)
  • It is believed that loss of acetylation could compact the chromatin structure, leading to the transcriptional repression of specific genes [ 3 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • A retinoblastoma-binding protein that is involved in CHROMATIN REMODELING, histone deacetylation, and repression of GENETIC TRANSCRIPTION. (lookformedical.com)
  • Epigenetic mechanisms and transcription factor networks essential for differentiation of cardiac myocytes have been uncovered. (nature.com)
  • To understand the development of adiposity, it is crucial to identify the genes which expression is associated with adipogenic differentiation. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Proliferation cluster comprised 1028 genes up-regulated from days 3 to 8 of culture meanwhile the differentiation cluster was characterized by 2140 induced genes from days 15 to 21. (biomedcentral.com)
  • On the other hand, the terminal differentiation phase was enriched with genes involved in energy production, lipid and carbohydrate metabolism. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Overall, our study demonstrates the coordinated expression of functionally related genes during proliferation and differentiation of rainbow trout adipocyte cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Alter J, Bengal E. (2011) Stress-Induced C/EBP Homology Protein (CHOP) Represses MyoD Transcription to Delay Myoblast Differentiation . (technion.ac.il)
  • Alter, J., Rozentzweig, D., and Bengal, E. (2008) Inhibition of myoblast differentiation by tumor necrosis factor alpha is mediated by c-Jun N-terminal kinase 1 and leukemia inhibitory factor . (technion.ac.il)
  • Zetser, A., Gredinger, E., and Bengal, E. (1999) p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase promotes skeletal muscle differentiation: participation of the MEF2C transcription factor . (technion.ac.il)
  • Tamir, Y., and Bengal, E. (1998) p53 protein is activated during muscle differentiation and participates with MyoD in the transcription of muscle creatine kinase gene . (technion.ac.il)
  • Among these genes is the fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 (FGFR1) gene which is expressed in proliferating myoblasts and down-regulated during differentiation. (rosalindfranklin.edu)
  • MicroRNAs regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level by binding to 3′- or less often to 5′-untranslated regions of target messenger RNAs (mRNAs), which in consequence leads to inhibited translation and/or induces degradation of targeted mRNA [ 1 ]. (archivesofmedicalscience.com)
  • In order to understand the development of adiposity, it is crucial to identify the factors and mechanisms that regulate the recruitment of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) of the vascular stromal fraction of the adipose tissue and its transformation into lipid-filled adipocytes. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Published results indicate that protein kinase C (PKC) activity in conjunction with innervation-induced activation of cell signaling mediated by the muscarinic acetylcholine receptor, Gaq, and the 1,4,5 inositol triphosphate receptor 1 (IP3R1) differentially regulate fast versus slow muscle fiber type gene expression in innervated muscle fibers. (rosalindfranklin.edu)
  • In contrast, pathological gene expression in terminal heart failure is accompanied by changes in active histone marks without major alterations in CpG methylation and repressive chromatin marks. (nature.com)
  • Many of these transitions involve changes of gene expression. (nature.com)
  • In contrast to previous findings in heart tissue, expression of the pathological gene program in heart failure was not accompanied by changes in the CM DNA methylome but by active histone marks. (nature.com)
  • Here, employing an inducible B cell expression system, we have determined that M2 activates the NFAT pathway in a Src kinase-dependent manner - leading to induction of the plasma cell-associated transcription factor, Interferon Regulatory Factor-4 (IRF4). (prelekara.sk)
  • To assess the potential roles of HDAC4, HDAC4 expression in human chondrosarcoma cells (SW1353) was down-regulated by transfecting small interference RNA (siRNA), thereafter, cells were treated with IL-1β or TNF-α, and the expressions of several matrix-degrading enzymes and anabolic factors were examined by using quantitative PCR. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Moreover, knockdown of HDAC4 inhibited the expression of some anabolic genes (such as aggrecan). (biomedcentral.com)
  • In an early step, the Dorsocross genes act in parallel with tinman to activate the expression of pannier , a cardiogenic gene encoding a Gata factor. (biologists.com)
  • Additionally, innervation modulates muscle fiber type and associated fiber type specific gene expression. (rosalindfranklin.edu)
  • The whole adipogenic process was driven by a coordinated activation of transcription factors and epigenetic modulators. (biomedcentral.com)
  • With an accumulating number of researches into this disease, epigenetic factors have been implicated in the pathogenesis of OA in recent years [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Our present study identifies the Dorsocross T-box genes as key mediators of combined Dpp and Wg signals during this process. (biologists.com)
  • In all these organisms, cardiac induction in the lateral mesoderm involves the concerted action of signals mediated by Bmp, Wnt and Fgf family members, which act upon cardiogenic genes encoding NK homeodomain, Gata and T-box transcription factors (reviewed by Zaffran and Frasch, 2002 ). (biologists.com)
  • Basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) myogenic regulatory factors coordinate the correct function and organization of many skeletal muscle functions. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Studies in several vertebrate models and Drosophila have uncovered a surprising degree of evolutionary conservation of regulatory mechanisms and genes that control early cardiogenesis. (biologists.com)
  • Transcription Factor Binding Sites (TFBSs) are small nucleotide fragments (usually ≤ 30 bp) in the cis-regulatory/intergenic regions in DNA sequences. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The Y-box protein MSY3/Csda represses myogenin transcription in skeletal muscle by binding a highly conserved cis-acting DNA element located just upstream of the myogenin minimal promoter (myogHCE). (biomedcentral.com)
  • Moreover, during this phase an enrichment in genes involved in the formation of the lipid droplets was evidenced as well as the activation of the thyroid-receptor/retinoic X receptor (TR/RXR) and the peroxisome proliferator activated receptors (PPARs) signalling pathways. (biomedcentral.com)
  • After cardioblast specification, the Dorsocross genes are re-expressed in a segmental subset of cardioblasts, which in the heart region develop into inflow valves (ostia). (biologists.com)
  • Furthermore, the information generated will allow future investigations of specific genes involved in particular stages of fish adipogenesis. (biomedcentral.com)
  • e.g. they bind selectively to DNA, stimulate transcription resulting in tissue-specific RNA synthesis and undergo specific changes in response to various hormones or phytomitogens. (lookformedical.com)
  • Proliferation was characterized by enrichment in genes involved in basic cellular and metabolic processes (transcription, ribosome biogenesis, translation and protein folding), cellular remodelling and autophagy. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Our published findings demonstrate that the FGFR1 gene is positively regulated by the Sp1 transcriptional regulator and negatively regulated by the transcription factor E2F4. (rosalindfranklin.edu)
  • During vertebrate myogenesis, myoblast cell populations proliferate and fuse to form multinucleated muscle fibers that express a battery of contractile protein genes. (rosalindfranklin.edu)
  • 2011. Gene Coexpression Network Topology of Cardiac Development, Hypertrophy, and FailureClinical Perspective . (umd.edu)
  • A variety of risk factors have been recognized to contribute to the pathogenesis of OA, such as age, sex, primary injury, genetic predisposition, and mechanical factors. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Despite of the relevance of this issue, very little is known about the factors regulating the development of adipose tissue in fish, and the possible health alterations associated to an increased fat deposition. (biomedcentral.com)