Other names include T-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia, "knobby" type of T-cell leukemia, and T-prolymphocytic leukemia/T-cell lymphocytic leukemia. (wikipedia.org)
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) represents approximately 33% of all leukemias and occurs most frequently in the elderly population. (medifocus.com)
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia usually does not develop in people under age 40 and is also extremely rare in children. (medifocus.com)
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia affects a particular type of white blood cells called B lymphocytes . (medifocus.com)
For this reason, a more accurate name for this condition is B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia . (medifocus.com)
Although the exact cause of chronic lymphocytic leukemia is currently not known, researchers have recently discovered that certain mutations (genetic alterations or errors) that occur in the DNA of normal bone marrow cells can cause these cells to transform into leukemic cells. (medifocus.com)
In the early stages of the disease, clinical symptoms of chronic lymphocytic leukemia may not be obvious or may be overlooked by the patient. (medifocus.com)
Currently, with the possible exception of stem cell transplantation in younger patients, there is no know cure for chronic lymphocytic leukemia. (medifocus.com)
Approximately 5% to 10% of patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia develop a high-grade (aggressive) form of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma called a large B-cell lymphoma . (medifocus.com)
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia ( CLL ) is a type of cancer in which the bone marrow makes too many lymphocytes (a type of white blood cell ). (wikipedia.org)
Classical Hairy Cell Leukemia (HCL) and HCL-like disorders are a very heterogeneous group of mature B-cell Chronic Lympho proliferative Disorders (B-CLPD). (fortuneonline.org)
Symptoms may vary from chronic symptoms like retinopathy, CKD, hematopoietic ulcers to severe acute complaints like "Sickle Cell Crisis" triggered by dehydration, infections, acidosis and other obscure reasons. (atomictherapy.org)
Lymphoma9
For the gene family, see B-cell CLL/lymphoma . (wikipedia.org)
[9] If enlarged lymph nodes are caused by infiltrating CLL-type cells, a diagnosis of small lymphocytic lymphoma (SLL) is made. (wikipedia.org)
CLL can be grouped with small lymphocytic lymphoma (SLL) as one disease with two clinical presentations. (wikipedia.org)
Differentiating between low-grade lymphoma and reactive lymphocytes is often difficult by morphology alone as reactive lymphoid cells may acquire activation morphology from being exposed to different cytokines within the body fluid. (cytojournal.com)
In large cell lymphoma and leukemia cells involvement of body fluid this concept becomes less challenging. (cytojournal.com)
Large cell lymphoma and leukemia cells tend to have large size nuclei, less mature chromatin, and visible nucleoli with and without cytoplasmic vacuoles. (cytojournal.com)
The diagnosis of Hairy Cell Leukemia and HCL-like diosrders, including HCL variant (vHCL) and Splenic Diffuse Red Pulp Lymphoma (SDRPL), is based on the examination of the peripheral blood and bone marrow smears allowing the identification of hairy cells and the flow cytometric analysis. (fortuneonline.org)
Splenic marginal zone lymphoma with circulating villous lymphoid cells (SMZL) is a distinct and very different pathological entity since the WHO 2008 classification: it is characterized by an expansion of the splenic white pulp with the infiltration of the red pulp. (fortuneonline.org)
Therapy of lymphoblastic lymphoma (LL) has evolved with use of chemotherapy regimens modeled after those for acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL). (ashpublications.org)
Leukemic1
In the spleen, the leukemic cell infiltrate both the red pulp and white pulp, and lymph node involvement is typically diffuse through the paracortex. (wikipedia.org)
Lymphocytes4
Lymphocytes are specialized white blood cells of the immune system that play a major role in the body's ability to fight-off infections. (medifocus.com)
[4] [9] CLL results in the buildup of B cell lymphocytes in the bone marrow, lymph nodes, and blood . (wikipedia.org)
Diagnosis is typically based on blood tests finding high numbers of mature lymphocytes and smudge cells. (wikipedia.org)
Most people are diagnosed as having CLL based on the result of a routine blood test that shows a high white blood cell count, specifically a large increase in the number of circulating lymphocytes . (wikipedia.org)
Lymphocytosis1
[18] CLLs are, in virtually all cases, preceded by a particular subtype of monoclonal B-cell lymphocytosis (MBL). (wikipedia.org)
Acute1
6] Case reports have described AN associated with hematologic malignancies, including acute myeloid leukemia, and even benign gastrointestinal neoplasms. (medscape.com)
Diagnosis2
An accurate diagnosis is necessary given that different clinical management is required: the first step in a definitive diagnosis is based on the examination of the peripheral blood and bone marrow smears allowing the identification of hairy cells and a specific Flow Cytometric Analysis (FCA). (fortuneonline.org)
At diagnosis, 80% were T-cell immunophenotype, 70% were stages III to IV, 70% had mediastinal involvement, and 9% had central nervous system (CNS) disease. (ashpublications.org)
Clinical1
The HCL-Japanese variant form (jpHCL) is rare and less well defined: there are common points with vHCL but several aspects are different in terms of morphology of hairy cells, degree of leukocytosis or clinical course. (fortuneonline.org)
Peripheral1
Histopathology of peripheral nerve and sympathetic ganglion from a patient with autonomic failure, oat-cell carcinoma of the lung, and positive anti-HU antibody titer. (medscape.com)
Stem cell transplant2
Some patients who successfully respond to treatment also undergo stem cell transplantation to consolidate the response. (wikipedia.org)
No consolidation with autologous or allogeneic stem cell transplantation was performed. (ashpublications.org)
Bone marrow5
T-cell-prolymphocytic leukemia (T-PLL) is a mature T-cell leukemia with aggressive behavior and predilection for blood, bone marrow, lymph nodes, liver, spleen, and skin involvement. (wikipedia.org)
Leukemia is a cancer of the white blood cells that arises from the bone marrow and circulates in the blood. (medifocus.com)
Although leukemia starts in the bone marrow, it can spread to the blood, lymph nodes, spleen, liver, central nervous system (CNS) and other organs. (medifocus.com)
[17] Less commonly, the disease comes to light only after the cancerous cells overwhelm the bone marrow, resulting in low red blood cells, neutrophils, or platelets. (wikipedia.org)
[18] Whereas, with CLL, diseased cells propagate from within the bone marrow, in SLL they propagate from within the lymphatic tissue. (wikipedia.org)
Lymphoid cells1
Hairy cells are small to medium-sized lymphoid cells with an oval or indented nucleus with homogeneous and spongy chromatin. (fortuneonline.org)
Platelets1
100 x 109/L) along with low amounts of red blood cells and platelets in the blood are common findings. (wikipedia.org)
Lymph nodes1
People affected by T-cell prolymphocytic leukemia typically have systemic disease at presentation, including enlargement of the liver and spleen, widespread enlargement of the lymph nodes, and skin infiltrates. (wikipedia.org)
Immunophenotype2
T-PLL has the immunophenotype of a mature (post-thymic) T-lymphocyte, and the neoplastic cells are typically positive for pan-T antigens CD2, CD3, and CD7 and negative for TdT and CD1a. (wikipedia.org)
Nucleoli are typically absent or inconspicuous (Figure 1 A,B,C,D). HCL exhibits a characteristic immunophenotype profile that is strongly positive with pan-B-cell markers (CD19, CD20, CD22) and usually negative for CD5, CD10 and CD23. (fortuneonline.org)
Symptoms1
Signs and symptoms of sickle cell disease usually starts appearing from early childhood like dactylitis frequently presenting as earliest sign in many cases around age of 6mnths with dactilitis usually being the very early symptoms. (atomictherapy.org)
Spleen1
[2] [9] Enlargement of the spleen and low red blood cells ( anemia ) may also occur. (wikipedia.org)
Infections1
Splenic functions are reduced considerably in SCD patients due to frequent splenic infarctions reducing its capability to remove defective cells and certain organisms from circulation, this reduces immunity of person significantly thus increasing the risk of frequent infections. (atomictherapy.org)
Patients3
The nuclei are usually round to oval in shape, with occasional patients having cells with a more irregular nuclear outline that is similar to the cerebriform nuclear shape seen in Sézary syndrome. (wikipedia.org)
Most patients with T-cell prolymphocytic leukemia require immediate treatment. (wikipedia.org)
Parvovirus B19, which causes reduced production of RBC by infecting and destroying RBC's precursor cells, is a major concern in SCD patients as the RBC lifespan is 10-20days in SCD patient as compared to 90-120days in normal individuals. (atomictherapy.org)
Typically1
[ 4 . 5 ] Adding to the challenge, classic lymphoglandular bodies, representing remnants of lymphocyte cytoplasm, are typically inconspicuous or absent in effusion fluids, in contrast to FNA material from solid specimens. (cytojournal.com)
Blood6
It is characterized by uncontrolled growth of white blood cells. (medifocus.com)
Leukemia is a disease of the blood cells and does not usually form a solid tumor. (medifocus.com)
The terms " myelogenous " and " lymphocytic " denote the different types of white blood cells involved. (medifocus.com)
[4] These cells do not function well and crowd out healthy blood cells . (wikipedia.org)
HN - 2008 BX - Granulosa Cells, Cumulus MH - Coronary Sinus UI - D054326 MN - A07.231.908.194.500 MS - A short vein that collects about two thirds of the venous blood from the MYOCARDIUM and drains into the RIGHT ATRIUM. (bvsalud.org)
Sickle Cell anaemia is characterised by malformed sickle-shaped RBC into blood circulation. (atomictherapy.org)
Disease2
It is postulated that the originating cell line for this disease is a mature (post-thymic) T-cell. (wikipedia.org)
Familial AN, drug-induced AN, AN occurring in hyperinsulinemic states (eg, diabetes, obesity), AN associated with polycystic ovary disease, and AN associated with a spectrum of autoimmune disease in women should be considered before AN is determined to represent a paraneoplastic syndrome. (medscape.com)
Cases1
A small cell variant comprises 20% of all T-PLL cases, and the Sézary cell-like (cerebriform) variant is seen in 5% of cases. (wikipedia.org)
Type1
Despite its overall rarity, it is also the most common type of mature T cell leukemia. (wikipedia.org)
Difficult1
T-cell prolymphocytic leukemia is difficult to treat, and it does not respond to most available chemotherapeutic drugs. (wikipedia.org)
Rare1
T-PLL is a very rare leukemia, primarily affecting adults over the age of 30. (wikipedia.org)
Cancer1
[3] It represents less than 1% of deaths from cancer. (wikipedia.org)
Large1
In addition, cytoplasmic vacuoles are not uncommon in large cell lymphomas involving body cavities. (cytojournal.com)