• It was already known that A3G proteins bind to each other and form a multi-protein complex. (infectioncontroltoday.com)
  • Once the complex is formed, the A3G proteins are no longer able to move rapidly along the DNA strand as needed for chemical modification of the DNA,' says Williams. (infectioncontroltoday.com)
  • It will also extend the technique of single-molecule analysis from a few proteins to large multi-protein complexes, often containing many enzymatic activities. (edu.sa)
  • Finally, we demonstrate that Polycomb proteins and associated epigenetic marks are crucial for the control of the replication timing of the INK4a/ARF locus during senescence. (plos.org)
  • By turning their instruments toward the nuclear pore complex, a huge cluster of proteins that serves as a gateway to a cell's nucleus, the scientists say they have filled in the gaps left by other techniques and made important new discoveries about how the complex works. (labmanager.com)
  • Because the proteins' fluorescence can be measured while the cells are still alive, it could give scientists new insights into how protein complexes react to varying environmental conditions, and how their configurations change over time. (labmanager.com)
  • Mutations in genes encoding BAF complex proteins occur in more than 20% of all human cancers and developmental diseases. (imb.de)
  • First, the polymerase complex, which consists of five proteins, contains two proteins which are "brand new" and have not been identified before. (chicagobiomedicalconsortium.org)
  • EBV encodes two immediate-early proteins, Zta and Rta, that are essential for lytic replication (10, 11). (nihvp.org)
  • Zta also functions Apramycin Sulfate like a lytic cycle replication element by recruiting viral replication proteins to the origin of lytic replication (OriLyt) (32, 33, 45). (nihvp.org)
  • The maturation of Okazaki fragments on the lagging strand in eukaryotes is mediated by a highly coordinated multistep process involving several proteins that ensure the accurate and efficient replication of genomic DNA. (edu.sa)
  • Assembly of DNA replication systems requires the coordinated actions of many proteins. (neb.com)
  • The multiprotein complexes formed as intermediates on the pathway to the final DNA polymerase holoenzyme have been shown to have distinct structures relative to the ground-state structures of the individual proteins. (neb.com)
  • Cdc45 is a member of the highly conserved multiprotein complex including Cdc6/Cdc18, the minichromosome maintenance proteins (MCMs) and DNA polymerase, which is important for early steps of DNA replication in eukaryotes. (innatedb.com)
  • For cohesion assays, demembranated sperm nuclei are incubated in interphase extract, where they undergo rapid and synchronous DNA replication and cohesion establishment through the recruitment of proteins and other factors (e.g., nucleotides) from the extract. (nih.gov)
  • 11 12 Through a series of complex biochemical processes, the interaction between ORF57 and the human protein complex hTREX 13 produces viral ribonucleoprotein particles (vRNPs, formed by viral proteins and genetic material) that are essential for the lytic replication of the virus. (mappingignorance.org)
  • The formation of necrosome, a multiprotein complex that stimulates necroptosis, is tightly regulated by proteins downstream of the receptor and can be the deciding factor in inducing necroptosis. (news-medical.net)
  • Nearly all these proteins are subunits of known or predicted multiprotein complexes, in agreement with the balance hypothesis of evolution of gene copy number. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The gene set of the last common ancestor of the crown group consists of 3,413 KOGs and largely includes proteins involved in genome replication and expression, and central metabolism. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Recent highlights include: the structure and function of long non-coding RNAs , the structure of the integrator complex , the determination of the mechanism of action of secreted Legionella effector proteins , and the structural and mechanistic analysis of the transcription/replication machines of influenza virus and lassa virus . (embl.org)
  • HIV-1, a multiprotein complex around PKR contains the double-stranded RNA binding proteins (dsRBPs), adenosine deaminase acting on RNA (ADAR)1 and PACT. (healthandwellnesssource.org)
  • Furthermore, chromatophore-localized biosynthetic pathways as well as multiprotein complexes include proteins of dual genetic origin, suggesting that mechanisms evolved that coordinate gene expression levels between chromatophore and nucleus. (frontiersin.org)
  • Focus on developing and applying single-molecule methods (rather than bulk experiments) to better understand the molecular dynamics of multi-protein complexes that carry out duplication, maintenance and transmission of the genome by observing the individual functional trajectories of proteins. (harvard.edu)
  • It is related to the Replication protein A complex. (wikipedia.org)
  • cdc2 protein kinase is complexed with both cyclin A and B: Evidence for proteolytic inactivation of MPF. (cshlpress.com)
  • Then, gradually over time, it becomes a slow protein and remains bound to the DNA, blocking replication. (infectioncontroltoday.com)
  • The A3G protein has at least two mechanisms by which it can block HIV replication. (infectioncontroltoday.com)
  • Within this research the hypothesis was explored that SNF2H protein might are likely involved in the excitement of MCM launching onto mobile replication origins which the Cdt1-SNF2H conversation is usually important in this context. (exposed-skin-care.net)
  • Moreover, we show that the Polycomb protein BMI1 interacts with CDC6, an essential regulator of DNA replication in eukaryotic cells. (plos.org)
  • Upon senescence, Jmjd3 is overexpressed and the MLL1 protein is recruited to the locus provoking the dissociation of Polycomb from the INK4/ARF locus, its transcriptional activation and its replication during early S-phase. (plos.org)
  • KIN17, which is known as a DNA and RNA binding protein, is highly expressed in numerous types of human cancers and was discovered to participate in several vital cell behaviors, including DNA replication, damage repair, regulation of cell cycle and RNA processing. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Previous studies have indicated that KIN17 is involved in global genome repair, DNA replication, transcription and regulation of the cell cycle as part of a multi-protein complex. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • So understanding what protein complexes look like and how they operate is the key to figuring out what makes cells tick. (labmanager.com)
  • Our new technique allows us to measure how components of large protein complexes are arranged in relation to one another," says Sandy Simon, head of the Laboratory of Cellular Biophysics . (labmanager.com)
  • This has the potential to give us important new information about how the nuclear pore complex functions, but we believe it can also be applied to other multi-protein complexes such as those involved in DNA transcription, protein synthesis or viral replication. (labmanager.com)
  • One problem is that there is a "resolution gap" between the two techniques primarily used to visualize protein complexes. (labmanager.com)
  • Electron microscopy can reveal the broad outlines of a large protein complex, but it can't show details. (labmanager.com)
  • After genetically attaching fluorescent markers to individual components of the nuclear pore complex, the scientists replaced the cell's own copy of the gene that encodes the protein with the new form that has the fluorescent tag. (labmanager.com)
  • As originally proposed in 1963, cells rely on two genetic elements to duplicate their genome: the replicator, a DNA region where replication begins (now named the replication origin), and the initiator, a protein or a protein complex that recognizes the replicator [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • However, the replisome can be stalled by depletion of nucleotide pools or barriers on the template, such as DNA damage, secondary structures or protein complexes [ 11 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • My research focuses on one particular class of chromatin remodelers known as BAF complexes, which are very large multi-protein complexes containing many subunits. (imb.de)
  • Using a relatively novel technique, cryogenic electron microscopy (cryo-EM), the NU scientists were able to reconstruct a 3D structure of a multi-protein complex of paramyxovirus RNA polymerase. (chicagobiomedicalconsortium.org)
  • One class of these remodellers are the BAF complexes, very large multi-protein complexes existing in many different configurations in human cells. (medjouel.com)
  • To understand their physiological role during human developmental processes and unravel disease-associated molecular alterations caused by mutations in genes encoding subunits of these complexes, we will implement stem cell differentiation into organoids combined with molecular perturbation tools such as CRISPR/Cas9 and chemically induced protein degradation. (medjouel.com)
  • The nuclear replication protein A subunits (RPA70 and RPA32) and the human being mitochondrial single-stranded DNA binding protein (mtSSB) were confirmed by Western blotting to be specifically enriched in the FLAG-Zta immunopurified complex. (nihvp.org)
  • The protein encoded by this gene was identified by its strong similarity with Saccharomyces cerevisiae Cdc45, an essential protein required to the initiation of DNA replication. (innatedb.com)
  • Chromosome structure in both interphase and M-phase cells is strongly influenced by the action of the cohesin and condensin protein complexes. (nih.gov)
  • Determination of HIV-1 replication revealed that enhancement of the virus spread by Nef is governed by a complex set of protein interaction surfaces. (biomedcentral.com)
  • One of the key factors of the lytic cycle is ORF57, a well-known protein present in KSHV that is essential for viral replication. (mappingignorance.org)
  • Inhibiting this activity would therefore prevent the change of shape of the hTREX complex and stop its interaction with the viral protein. (mappingignorance.org)
  • They identified a protein "sensor", called myxoma resistance protein 1 (MxA), that was known for directly inhibiting viral replication, but was not known for its ability to confer protection through innate antiviral immunity. (european-biotechnology.com)
  • MBL Grenoble's researchers focus mainly on RNA biology and infection biology, in particular on the structural molecular biology of protein-RNA complexes involved in cellular gene expression and host-pathogen interactions. (embl.org)
  • 2 Likewise, a paper in Nature Methods observed that "[m]ost cellular functions are executed by protein complexes, acting like molecular machines. (caseyluskin.com)
  • Drosophila MCM protein complexes. (colorado.edu)
  • Two critical factors during this dauntingly complex process appear to be the establishment of metabolic connectivity between the symbiotic partners, and the evolution of nuclear control over protein expression levels within the organelle. (frontiersin.org)
  • Focus on molecular approaches to gene regulation and protein function during herpes virus replication and latency. (harvard.edu)
  • Selecting catalytic ATPase subunits coupled with various other complicated elements defines the function of the complexes in a variety of nuclear occasions including transcription DNA replication and DNA fix. (exposed-skin-care.net)
  • Together, these results provide a unified model that integrates replication, transcription and epigenetics at the INK4/ARF locus. (plos.org)
  • While the double-helical structure of duplex DNA is advantageous for the storage and maintenance of genetic information, it poses major challenges during essential cellular processes, such as transcription and replication, when the information-rich DNA bases must be accessed. (mpg.de)
  • Zinc does this by blocking RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) , the core enzyme of their multiprotein replication and transcription complex that is critical for the copying of viral RNA. (dadamo.com)
  • These findings suggest a scenario where collisions between DNA replication and transcription are frequent, leading to increased genetic variability, as seen by the increase SNP levels at chromosome subtelomeres and in DGF-1 genes containing putative origins. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Collision between replication and transcription is considered especially problematic, as each are catalyzed by large multiprotein machines, and can occur co-directionally, when the replication fork and transcription machinery are moving in the same direction, or on the leading strand and is head-on, when the fork and transcription are moving towards each other. (biomedcentral.com)
  • This packaging provides a regulatory layer for DNA accessibility and therefore all DNA-dependent processes, such as transcription, DNA repair or replication. (imb.de)
  • In analyzing the stability of DNA replication origins in S. cerevisiae (see Stable vs. unstable ARSs in mcm1-1 mutant below) we faced the question of whether one set of sequences has more and/or better binding sites of a particular transcription factor than the other. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Second, the polymerase plays a dual role switching between the RNA and DNA polymerizing activity during the processes of transcription and genome replication, respectively. (chicagobiomedicalconsortium.org)
  • Small interfering RNA depletion of mtSSB reduced Zta-induced lytic replication of EBV but experienced only a moderate effect on transcription activation function. (nihvp.org)
  • The dynamic nature of chromatin establishes the access to the genetic material and, as a consequence, influences a large number of biological processes, such as DNA replication, repair and transcription [ 1 , 2 ]. (aging-us.com)
  • We use a combination of cell-based and in vitro assays to show that the interface of the FluPol A dimer is required for vRNA synthesis during replication of the viral genome. (nature.com)
  • Our study provides high-resolution structures of medically relevant FluPol A , as well as insights into the replication mechanisms of the viral RNA genome. (nature.com)
  • Both drugs are weak bases (alkaline pH) and are rapidly taken up into the endosome, where they raise the pH to a point where viral replication can't take place .The virus is therefore unable to release its genetic material into the cell and replicate. (dadamo.com)
  • We conclude that Zta connection with mtSSB serves the dual function of facilitating viral and obstructing mitochondrial DNA replication. (nihvp.org)
  • RNA interference-mediated targeting of human cytomegalovirus immediate-early or early gene products inhibits viral replication with differential effects on cellular functions. (umassmed.edu)
  • Cell death before the viral replication cycle is complete can limit disease progression. (news-medical.net)
  • We also show that a nanobody (a single-domain antibody) that interferes with FluPol A dimerization inhibits the synthesis of vRNA and, consequently, inhibits virus replication in infected cells. (nature.com)
  • Hence, a recent paper in PNAS, titled "Structure of a paramyxovirus polymerase complex reveals a unique methyltransferase-CTD conformation," published by a team of NU scientists led by Drs. Lamb and He is a very timely one, as it provides answers to some key questions about the virus replication mechanisms. (chicagobiomedicalconsortium.org)
  • Thus, the pioneering work of Drs. He and Lamb, brings the scientific community one step closer to understanding the particularities of the virus replication machinery critical for its survival. (chicagobiomedicalconsortium.org)
  • Consistently, in HLAC from 9 out of 14 donors, Nef enhanced CD4 + T cell depletion in the absence of a significant effect on virus replication. (biomedcentral.com)
  • From late mitosis to the G1 phase of the cell cycle ORC CDC6 and Cdt1 form the machinery necessary to load MCM2-7 complexes onto DNA. (exposed-skin-care.net)
  • We identified the replication licencing factor CDC6 as a new partner of the Polycomb group member BMI1. (plos.org)
  • The S. cerevisiae ORC binds to specific DNA sequences throughout the cell cycle but becomes active only when it binds to the replication initiator Cdc6. (imperial.ac.uk)
  • This will allow us to model developmental diseases and unravel the physiological role of the subunits/ BAF complexes in human developmental processes. (medjouel.com)
  • This will provide novel insights into these diseases as well as the function of the BAF complexes and their subunits in developmental processes. (medjouel.com)
  • Structure of the PilQ-complex: The second model from the left illustrates the 13 secretin subunits in different colours. (mpg.de)
  • ATP-dependent recognition of eukaryotic origins of DNA replication by a multiprotein complex. (cshlpress.com)
  • A state-of-the-art Eukaryotic Expression Facility is also available at EMBL Grenoble, which features expression of multiprotein complexes in insect and mammalian cells. (embl.org)
  • The results illuminate the molecular mechanism of a critical biochemical step in the licensing of eukaryotic replication origins. (imperial.ac.uk)
  • Applying this multidisciplinary approach will provide a true molecular understanding of the mechanisms involved in replication, repair, and recombination. (edu.sa)
  • As its acronym (INO3D) indicates, it is devoted to understanding the structural mechanisms that underlie the functions of the multiprotein complex INO80, which shapes how the genetic material is packaged in the cell's nucleus. (lmu.de)
  • Researchers at the Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry in Göttingen and the Julius Maximilians University Würzburg have elucidated the underlying molecular mechanisms by which the antiviral compound Molnupiravir blocks the replication of the coronavirus in the event of infection. (mpg.de)
  • Mitochondrial DNA synthesis and genome copy number were reduced by Zta-induced EBV lytic replication. (nihvp.org)
  • In an effort to better understand the multiple functions of Zta during lytic illness, we isolated Zta like a multiprotein complex from cells undergoing lytic replication. (nihvp.org)
  • Schumann and her colleagues thought of the lytic replication as a good therapeutic target for the inhibition of the KSHV. (mappingignorance.org)
  • By reconstituting the S. Cerevisiae replication machinery at the single complex level we are able to study critical transient intermediates formed during chromatin replication. (mpg.de)
  • In analyzing the stability of DNA replication origins in Saccharomyces cerevisiae we faced the question whether one set of sequences is significantly enriched in the number and/or the quality of the matches of a particular position weight matrix relative to another set. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Moreover several prior reviews implicate SNF2H in stimulating the initiation of DNA replication. (exposed-skin-care.net)
  • For instance CHRAC enables binding of T-antigen and efficient initiation within GSK 525762A an replication program that uses SV40 DNA reconstituted into chromatin (36). (exposed-skin-care.net)
  • Here we have mapped sites of DNA replication initiation across the T. cruzi genome using Marker Frequency Analysis, which has previously only been deployed in two related trypanosomatids. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Furthermore SNF2H is certainly apparently recruited GSK 525762A towards the Epstein-Barr pathogen origins of plasmid replication ((37). (exposed-skin-care.net)
  • On the basis of the data obtained we propose that SNF2H promotes MCM loading at cellular replication origins through conversation with Cdt1. (exposed-skin-care.net)
  • In all other eukaryotes, clear consensus sequences for origins are elusive, perhaps indicating there are no cis elements to initiate replication in most of these cells and organisms. (biomedcentral.com)
  • According to the usage, origins have been classified as constitutive (fired at same position in different cells of a population), flexible (fired stochastically in different cells) and dormant (fired as consequence of replication stress) [ 5 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The Origin Recognition Complex (ORC) binds to sites in chromosomes to specify the location of origins of DNA replication. (imperial.ac.uk)
  • Nucleosomes pose a two-fold problem for the replication machinery. (mpg.de)
  • Thus, the details of life are finely calibrated and the machinery of life enormously complex. (caseyluskin.com)
  • He says that the DNA replication machinery makes about one mistake in every hundred million nucleotides. (blogspot.com)
  • BAF complexes control the accessibility of cell type-specific genomic gene regulatory regions and are therefore of great importance for developmental processes, cell fate transitions during differentiation and cell maintenance. (medjouel.com)
  • I will briefly summarize the state of the art in the nonequilibrium thermodynamics of open chemical reaction networks (CRNs) and show how it can be used to study energy and information transduction from simple synthetic molecular motors to complex CRNs such as metabolism. (oist.jp)
  • For both budding yeast and mammals, the CST complex contributes to telomere maintenance, but this function is more crucial for budding yeast, where the CST complex performs the functions that shelterin performs in vertebrates. (wikipedia.org)
  • The scientists used the technique to study nuclear pore complexes in both budding yeast and human cells. (labmanager.com)
  • The INO80 complex plays a crucial role in structuring and regulating access to the genetic material, and is therefore essential for vitally important biological processes including gene expression, the repair of DNA damage and the replication of DNA prior to cell division. (lmu.de)
  • Lee J-B, Hite RK, Hamdan SM, Xie XS, Richardson CC, and van Oijen AM. DNA primase acts as a molecular brake in DNA replication. (edu.sa)
  • Our vision is to use these studies to develop a general framework for understanding how networks of intra- and inter-molecular interactions can evolve to guide dynamic events within multiprotein complexes. (mpg.de)
  • As a paper in Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology states, "Today biology is revealing the importance of 'molecular machines' and of other highly organized molecular structures that carry out the complex physico-chemical processes on which life is based. (caseyluskin.com)
  • In order to initiate replication, the virus requires that the endosome have a low (acidic) pH. (dadamo.com)
  • During replication, separation of the two daughter-strand templates by the helicase leads to overwinding and the formation of positive supercoils ahead of the replication fork. (mpg.de)
  • Resolution of superhelical tension is critical to ensure replication fork progression and avoid chromosome damage. (mpg.de)
  • In summary, our work provides fundamental insights into DDK structure, control and selective activation of the MCM2-7 helicase during DNA replication. (imperial.ac.uk)
  • An E2F1-mediated DNA damage response contributes to the replication of human cytomegalovirus. (umassmed.edu)
  • The human lymphoid aggregate culture (HLAC) from tonsil maintains the cell populations and cytokine milieu found in vivo , supports a productive infection without exogenous stimulation, and Nef contributes to efficient HIV-1 replication as well as CD4 + T cell depletion in this experimental ex vivo -model. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Conclusion In contrast to its previously described activity, PACT contributes to PKR dephosphorylation during HIV-1 replication. (healthandwellnesssource.org)
  • The dynamic events that underlie the disassembly and reassembly of nucleosomes during replication remains a long-standing puzzle in chromosome biology. (mpg.de)
  • Because efficient loading of excess MCM complexes is usually thought to be required for cells to tolerate replication tension Cdt1- and SNF2H-mediated advertising of MCM loading could be biologically relevant for the legislation of DNA replication. (exposed-skin-care.net)
  • In this respect HBO1 (a MYST family members histone acetyltransferase that binds to ORC) originally determined through its physical connections with individual ORC1 (27) was lately discovered to associate with replication roots through relationship with Cdt1 also to enhance licensing and DNA replication through its acetylation activity GSK 525762A (28-30). (exposed-skin-care.net)
  • the chorion gene loci in follicle cells (21 22 In pre-RC development the effective launching of multiple MCM complexes is necessary for the toleration of replication strains and activation of checkpoint pathways (23-25). (exposed-skin-care.net)
  • Their importance is highlighted by the fact that mutations in genes coding for these complexes are found in more than 20% of all human cancers and frequently causative for developmental diseases, especially several neurodevelopmental disorders. (medjouel.com)
  • E2F mediates dihydrofolate reductase promoter activation and multiprotein complex formation in human cytomegalovirus infection. (umassmed.edu)
  • A novel DDB2-ATM feedback loop regulates human cytomegalovirus replication. (umassmed.edu)
  • For example, MCMV (murine cytomegalovirus) replication can be prevented by necroptosis. (news-medical.net)
  • After origin firing, bidirectional replication forks travel until they reach termination sites. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The controlled assembly of replication forks is critical for genome stability. (imperial.ac.uk)
  • Fig. 2: Mutations at the interface of the FluPol A dimer inhibit cRNA to vRNA replication. (nature.com)
  • High intracellular concentrations inhibit the replication of RNA type viruses, such as SARS-CoV-2. (dadamo.com)
  • The new technique we have developed reveals the orientation of building blocks in the cell, and we hope that it will eventually enable us to assemble individual crystal structures into a high-resolution map of the entire nuclear pore complex. (labmanager.com)
  • DNA replication is a fundamental process essential for cell proliferation. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Therefore, understanding the cell type-specific composition and function of these complexes in the development of different organs as well as the cellular changes caused by the mutation of a subunit is of great importance for the development of therapeutics against these common BAF-mutated diseases. (medjouel.com)
  • Analyzing which of Nef's activities contribute to HIV pathogenesis has been hampered by the lack of a cell culture model in which Nef exerts pronounced effects on HIV replication. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Specifically, MxA acts as a sensor of epithelial cells that activates the inflammosome, a multiprotein complex of the innate immune system that boosts inflammatory responses to cell stress, toxins or molecules of microbial origin such as RNA to remove infectious agents. (european-biotechnology.com)
  • It has long been a mystery how a bacterial cell is able to import a molecule as complex as DNA. (mpg.de)
  • You downplay FRS Nicholas White's straightforward estimate that-considering the number of cells per malaria patient (a trillion), times the number of ill people over the years (billions), divided by the number of independent events (fewer than ten)-the development of chloroquine-resistance in malaria is an event of probability about 1 in 10 20 malaria-cell replications. (blogspot.com)
  • To understand how cells and organisms function, we need to determine how metabolic energy is partitioned among the complex array of cellular processes that are necessary for life at any scale, from isolated biochemical networks to quiescent and highly proliferative cells to organismal growth and development. (oist.jp)
  • Although researchers have spent years studying the workings of the nuclear pore complex, there is still much that has remained mysterious. (labmanager.com)
  • In the case of the human cells, their new data shows that multiple copies of a key building block of the nuclear pore complex, the Y-shaped subcomplex, are arranged head-to-tail, rather than like fence posts, confirming a model proposed by Blobel in 2007. (labmanager.com)
  • Although the paramyxoviruses constitute a different family than coronaviruses, both families are enveloped, RNA-type viruses, sharing many similarities between their replication and infection cycles. (chicagobiomedicalconsortium.org)
  • Northwestern University researchers have, for the first time, determined the 3D atomic structure of a key complex in paramyxoviruses, a family of viruses that includes mumps, human parainfluenza and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). (chicagobiomedicalconsortium.org)
  • Viruses lacking Zta are incapable of lytic cycle gene manifestation or DNA replication, indicating that Apramycin Sulfate Zta is essential for disease viability (16). (nihvp.org)
  • Because the PKR/PACT axis is usually part of the innate immune response to viruses, the elucidation of its activity is usually important to understand the inefficient response during HIV-1 replication. (healthandwellnesssource.org)
  • Lytic cycle replication and connected gene products may contribute directly and indirectly to EBV pathogenesis. (nihvp.org)
  • The cohesin complex tethers the identical copies of each chromosome, called sister chromatids, together following DNA replication and promotes normal interphase chromosome structure and gene expression. (nih.gov)
  • Hamdan SM, Loparo JJ, Takahashi M, Richardson CC, and van Oijen AM. Dynamics of DNA replication loops reveal temporal control of lagging-strand synthesis. (edu.sa)
  • Here, we focus essentially on the histone variant H3.3 and the associated complexes that selectively regulate its homeostasis and dynamics. (aging-us.com)
  • In fungus, the CST complex has been shown to unfold higher order G-tailed structures, such as occur with telomere exposure during DNA replication. (wikipedia.org)
  • These intricate structures must likewise allow for efficient disassembly and reassembly during replication. (mpg.de)
  • Chromosome replication is performed by a large multisubunit assembly, known as the replisome, which couples the unpackaging of parental DNA with the synthesis of new daughter strands. (mpg.de)
  • HIV-1 has evolved to replicate in cells with high levels of TRBP, to induce the expression of ADAR1 and to change the function of PACT for PKR inhibition and increased replication. (healthandwellnesssource.org)
  • Researchers are deciphering the structure of the MHC-I peptide-loading complex. (mpg.de)
  • Replisome speed determines the efficiency of the Tus−Ter replication termination barrier. (edu.sa)
  • When cells enter senescence the binding to RD of both PRC1 and PRC2 complexes is lost leading to a decreased level of histone H3K27 trimethylation (H3K27me3). (plos.org)
  • Lytic cycle gene manifestation or replication is also required for lymphomagenesis in SCID mouse models (20, 21). (nihvp.org)
  • The clinical manifestation of AIDS results from continuous replication of HIV in infected individuals that causes slow but steady decline of CD4 + T lymphocytes to levels that no longer control opportunistic infections [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)