Replication human genome interspersed repetitive sequences. Medical search. Frequent questions

The increasing accessibility of whole-genome sequencing across research and clinical settings has improved our ability to predict antibacterial susceptibility, to track epidemics at the level of individual outbreaks and wider historical trends, to query the efficacy of the bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine, and to uncover targets for novel antitubercular therapeutics. (jci.org)
Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) of M. tuberculosis and related mycobacteria is now routine, allowing comparisons across time and space. (jci.org)
Using long-insert jumping libraries at 105X mean physical coverage and linked-read whole-genome sequencing from 10X Genomics, we document seven major SV classes at ~5 kb SV resolution. (biomedcentral.com)
sequence) of the whole genome or its separate parts. (centrocardiobogota.com)
In this study, the Illumina HiSeq 4000 and PacBio platforms were used to sequence and assemble the whole genome of Fusarium equiseti D25-1. (researchsquare.com)
F. equiseti was most closely related to Fusarium pseudograminearum based on a phylogenetic analysis at the whole-genome level. (researchsquare.com)
Our comprehensive analysis of the whole genome of F. equiseti provides basic data for studies of gene expression, regulatory and functional mechanisms, evolutionary processes, as well as disease prevention and control. (researchsquare.com)
Advances in whole-genome sequencing technologies have enabled numerous key discoveries. (researchsquare.com)

Transposable elements pervading mammalian genomes mostly originate from retrotransposons, including long interspersed nuclear elements (LINEs), short interspersed nuclear elements (SINEs), and endogenous retroviruses (ERVs) ( 2 , 3 ). (rna-mediated.com)
Sequencing of mammalian genomes, including primates, rodents and others shows that ~90% of genes have been preserved, usually as single copies without duplication, disruption or deletion, since their last common ancestors. (biomedcentral.com)
Like mammalian genomes, the sea urchin genome contains a lot of junk DNA, especially repetitive DNA. (blogspot.com)
The non-overlapping targeting preference of piggyBac and Tol2 makes them complementary research tools for manipulating mammalian genomes. (biomedcentral.com)

The nuclear genome includes protein-coding genes and non-coding genes, other functional regions of the genome such as regulatory sequences (see non-coding DNA), and often a substantial fraction of junk DNA with no evident function. (wikipedia.org)
Nautilus shows a compact, minimalist genome with few encoding genes and slow evolutionary rates in both non-coding and coding regions among known cephalopods. (nature.com)
The best method for examin- evolution of groups of genes, and assemble information from ing M. tuberculosis complex genotyping data gathered over genome sequencing projects. (cdc.gov)
Retrotransposons shape host genome landscape and evolution through introducing, deleting or modifying cis-regulatory elements or genes ( 4 , 5 ). (rna-mediated.com)
Structurally you can find commonalities between IR 2- and IR 4-formulated with genes and both rest next to viral PF-3644022 roots of lytic replication (13). (molecularcircuit.com)
The env genes contain a cis-acting RNA target sequence for the rev protein (= GENE PRODUCTS, REV ), termed the rev-responsive element (RRE). (lookformedical.com)
Thus, about 100 human "twin genes", were found in the Arabidopsis genome, including, those responsible for such severe diseases as cystic, ﬁbrosis and breast cancer [50]. (centrocardiobogota.com)
With the human DNA probe, signals were detected in the major sites of the ribosomal genes on chromosomes 5I (7H) and 6I (6H) only when the chromosome preparations were obtained using an optimized technique with obligatory pepsin treatment followed by hybridization. (centrocardiobogota.com)
For comparison, in the Droso-, phila genome the number of such "gaps" reaches, The Arabidopsis genes are compact, contain se, eral exons (with an average size of 250 bp) separated, by short introns. (centrocardiobogota.com)
The above-mentioned ab, of repetitive sequences in plant genomes (up to 99%), makes difﬁcult the application of this technique for, mapping individual plant genes [40]. (centrocardiobogota.com)
Tn 10 has a composite structure and it is composed of a pair of insertion sequence elements (IS 10 ) flanking five genes. (wikimili.com)
Post-transcriptional regulation of human genes by TE-derived sequences has been observed in specific contexts, but has yet to be systematically and comprehensively investigated. (biomedcentral.com)
10,200 protein-encoding genes were predicted based on the genome sequence. (springeropen.com)
The genes and proteins were predicted and annotated based on the genome sequence. (springeropen.com)
Transposable elements can be considered as a source of raw material for primitive genomes, tools of genetic innovation, and ancestors of modern genes (e.g., ncRNA) [ 15 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Only about 10,000 of these genes have been annotated by the sea urchin sequencing team. (blogspot.com)
While our genes are encoded by a varying sequence of nucleotides, the genotype is determined by the DNA sequence, both nuclear and mitochondrial. (cilecenter.org)
To date, most gene therapy trials have utilized viral vectors for permanent gene transfer due to their high transduction rate and their ability to integrate therapeutic genes into host genomes for stable expression. (biomedcentral.com)
The first stage involved identifying, in unrelated subjects showing linkage to 2q24-q33, genetic variants in exons and flanking sequence within candidate genes and comparing the frequency of the variants between autistic and unrelated nonautistic subjects. (neurotransmitter.net)
have analyzed the tef-1α sequences of F. equiseti , as well as the toxin-related genes PKS13 , PKS4, and TRI5 [26], and Kari has successfully cloned a protease gene [27]. (researchsquare.com)

Non-LTR retrotransposons can be divided in several subclasses, such as LINE (Long INterspersed Elements) and SINE (Short INterspersed Elements - [44] ). (sisef.it)
Long and Short Interspersed Elements (LINES and SINES) account for 21% and 13% of the genome, respectively. (cilecenter.org)

For example, about 40 to 50% of human, mouse and rat genomes are repetitive. (biomedcentral.com)
Here we ask whether retrotransposons contributed to the recent expansions of the Androgen - binding protein ( Abp ) gene families that occurred independently in the mouse and rat genomes. (biomedcentral.com)

Transposable elements, such as Long INterspersed Elements (LINEs), are DNA sequences that can replicate within genomes. (bvsalud.org)

In the fields of molecular biology and genetics, a genome is all the genetic information of an organism. (wikipedia.org)
Most textbooks make a distinction between the nuclear genome and the organelle (mitochondria and chloroplast) genomes so when they speak of, say, the human genome, they are only referring to the genetic material in the nucleus. (wikipedia.org)
Within a species, the vast majority of nucleotides are identical between individuals, but sequencing multiple individuals is necessary to understand the genetic diversity. (wikipedia.org)
Problems that arise during DNA replication can drive genomic alterations that are instrumental in the development of cancers and many human genetic disorders. (elifesciences.org)
The genetic mechanisms underlying the expansion in size and complexity of the human brain remain poorly understood. (bvsalud.org)
Long interspersed nuclear element-1 (L1) retrotransposons are a source of divergent genetic information in hominoid genomes, but their importance in physiological functions and their contribution to human brain evolution are largely unknown. (bvsalud.org)
Taxonomic classification of those E. ictaluri specific phages must rely on a synthesis of morphological and genomic details, taking into consideration that phage evolution continues to be profoundly directed by lateral gene transfer, and that a rational hierarchical technique of phage classification really should be based within the degree of DNA and protein sequence identity for several genetic loci. (hivprotease-signal.com)
Retrotransposable elements are important and peculiar genetic components derived from ancient retrovirus insertion inside plants genome. (sisef.it)
Transposable elements (TEs) are ancient (retro)-virus insertions inside a host genome and are peculiar mobile genetic elements accounting for a large proportion of repetitive DNA regions ( [29] ). (sisef.it)
In the RNA pathogen field items have been noticed with genetic modifications linked either with RNA polymerase slippages at PF-3644022 tandem repetitive sequences or mRNA editing and enhancing that creates frameshifts within an individual open reading body. (molecularcircuit.com)
A transposable element is a DNA sequence that can change its position within a genome, sometimes creating or reversing mutations and altering the cell's genetic identity and genome size. (wikimili.com)
Transposable elements (TE) are important components of livestock and poultry genomes, contributing to their genetic diversity, chromatin states, gene regulatory networks, and complex traits of economic value. (biomedcentral.com)
DNA transposons are natural genetic elements residing in the genome as repetitive sequences. (biomedcentral.com)
A commonly used genetic typing test that uses antibodies to detect variations on the surface of human red blood cells. (ojp.gov)
There is genome in the genetic insect of respective of these stresses, and it should Therefore achieve employed or recovered by underwater technology, rapidly when systems of Backcrossing so countries in Last Easy and transgenic Proceedings( Altieri, l996). (be-mindful.de)

We find that this type of non-canonical fork convergence in fission yeast is prone to trigger deletions between repetitive DNA sequences via a mechanism we call Inter-Fork Strand Annealing (IFSA) that depends on the recombination proteins Rad52, Exo1 and Mus81, and is countered by the FANCM-related DNA helicase Fml1. (elifesciences.org)
Celecoxib structure A comparative genomic evaluation involving the genome of phage eiAU and that of phage SSL 2009a unveiled that genome regions encoding many putative structural and replica tion proteins are shared by both phages. (hivprotease-signal.com)
The predicted gene products with sequence similarity amongst the eiAU and SSL 2009a phage genomes include things like the putative small tail proteins tail tape mea certain, major tail proteins, major capsid proteins, head morphogenesis, phage terminase tiny subunit, and the phage terminase large subunit. (hivprotease-signal.com)
Interestingly, other struc tural proteins which includes the host specificity proteins, the tail assembly proteins, and specifically the tail fiber baseplate protein which has become suggested for exclusion in any sequence based mostly phage taxonomy scheme are certainly not shared in between the 2 genomes. (hivprotease-signal.com)
The amino acid sequences of one of many conserved structural pro teins likewise as among the non structural proteins have been selected for phylogenetic evaluation. (hivprotease-signal.com)
Three of these repetitive elements (called IR 1 IR 3 and TR respectively) are found in latent viral proteins EBV nuclear antigens 5 and 1 and LMP2A and -B (membrane proteins). (molecularcircuit.com)
Their proteins items however have got different sequences and antibodies to 1 usually do not cross-react using the various other (28 29 Although EBV IRs resemble in proportions the brief interspersed elements within eukaryotic genomes whereas brief interspersed elements are usually noncoding and will become retrotransposons there is absolutely no proof for retrotransposition from the EBV tandem repeats. (molecularcircuit.com)
DNA sequences that form the coding region for the viral envelope (env) proteins in retroviruses. (lookformedical.com)
Proteins synthesized by HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUSES such as the HIV-1 and HIV-2 . (lookformedical.com)
Here, we study a collection of 75 CLIP-Seq experiments mapping the RNA binding sites for a diverse set of 51 human proteins to explore the role of TEs in post-transcriptional regulation of human mRNAs and lncRNAs via RNA-protein interactions. (biomedcentral.com)
We detect widespread interactions between RNA binding proteins (RBPs) and many families of TE-derived sequence in the CLIP-Seq data. (biomedcentral.com)
In the case of the infectious cycle, viruses reach target lymphocytes by cell-to-cell transfer and establish by entry of viral single-stranded RNA, reverse transcription of the viral RNA, integration as a provirus into the host genome, expression of viral proteins, and budding of new virions. (biomedcentral.com)
Livestock and poultry play a significant role in human nutrition by converting agricultural by-products into high-quality proteins. (biomedcentral.com)
The most prominent and familiar aspects of the genome are the regions that code for proteins. (cilecenter.org)

Retrotransposons (RNA mediated Class I TEs) are the most widespread class of eukaryotic TE, particularly relevant in shaping plant genomes ( [10] , [44] ). (sisef.it)
The observed differences in genome size in plants are accompanied by variations in the content of LTR retrotransposons, demonstrating that such elements might be important players in the evolution of plant genomes, along with polyploidy ( [11] ). (sisef.it)

A few months later, the first eukaryotic genome was completed, with sequences of the 16 chromosomes of budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae published as the result of a European-led effort begun in the mid-1980s. (wikipedia.org)
Completion of eukaryotic genome sequencing projects is a difficult task, due to the large size of the genomes and the abundance of repeats in the genomes. (biomedcentral.com)

Both LINEs and SINEs elements, despite the differences in structure and transposition mechanisms ( [44] ), are ubiquitous components of eukaryotic genomes, playing a major role in their evolution. (sisef.it)

Some regions of the genome encode non-protein-coding RNA like transfer RNAs, the RNA components of ribosomes, microRNAs and small interfering RNAs that regulate translation. (cilecenter.org)

Here we report that H3K9me3 is preferentially transferred onto the leading strands of replication forks, which occurs predominantly at long interspersed nuclear element (LINE) retrotransposons (also known as LINE-1s or L1s) that are theoretically transcribed in the head-on direction with replication fork movement. (bvsalud.org)
Two retrotransposons, belonging to the two major classes of LTR and non-LTR elements, were characterized trough a SCAR (Sequence Characterized Amplified Region) strategy. (sisef.it)
The cloning and sequencing of amplification products and a Cleaved Amplified Polymorphisms (CAPs) approach on the identified retrotransposons, showed a high level of diversity among the multiple copies of both elements. (sisef.it)
The claim that retrotransposons shape host genome landscape and evolution is a ridiculous claim. (rna-mediated.com)

The study of the genome is called genomics. (wikipedia.org)
It is here suggested that the word "cytogenomics" should rather be used with the goal to paraphrase a new field of research in genomics and diagnostics in human genetics, with an integrative and comprehensive view. (frontiersin.org)
Despite these discoveries, the patterns, rates, and properties of cxSVs have primarily been the focus of cancer genomics and such rearrangements remain largely underappreciated in the human germline. (biomedcentral.com)
The term functional genomics can be referred to as the "development and application of global (genome-wide or system-wide) experimental approaches to assess gene function by making use of the information and reagents provided by structural genomics" (Hieter and Boguski, 1997). (centrocardiobogota.com)
The ﬁrst section introduces sequence-basedanalyses,includinggeneﬁnd-ing, gene family and phylogenetic analy-ses, and comparative genomics approaches. (centrocardiobogota.com)
In this review, we analyze 72 studies published in the past 20 years, summarize the TE composition in livestock and poultry genomes, and focus on their potential roles in functional genomics. (biomedcentral.com)

Transposable elements (TEs) have significantly influenced the evolution of transcriptional regulatory networks in the human genome. (biomedcentral.com)
Transposable elements were initially viewed as "selfish" DNA or "parasitic" elements because of their deleterious effects on host genomes [ 7 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Most of these sequences qualify as junk but they are littered with defective transposable elements that are already included in the calculation of junk DNA. (blogspot.com)

Eukaryotic genomes are even more difficult to define because almost all eukaryotic species contain nuclear chromosomes plus extra DNA molecules in the mitochondria. (wikipedia.org)
Some eukaryotes have distinctive sex chromosomes such as the X and Y chromosomes of mammals so the technical definition of the genome must include both copies of the sex chromosomes. (wikipedia.org)
A genome sequence is the complete list of the nucleotides (A, C, G, and T for DNA genomes) that make up all the chromosomes of an individual or a species. (wikipedia.org)
results can serve as an important argument in favour of the proposal to develop a special program for sequencing the genome chromosomes and for, To estimate the possibility of plant genome mapping using human genome probes, the probes fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) of human 18S-28S rDNA (clon 22F9 from the LA-13NCO1 library) was carried out on chromosomes of the spring barleyHordeum vulgareL. (centrocardiobogota.com)
The human genome contains approximately 3.2 billion base pairs, distributed among 22 paired chromosomes, plus two X chromosomes in females and one X and one Y chromosome in males. (cilecenter.org)

Most eukaryotes are diploid, meaning that there are two copies of each chromosome in the nucleus but the 'genome' refers to only one copy of each chromosome. (wikipedia.org)
When referring to the standard reference genome of humans, for example, it consists of one copy of each of the 22 autosomes plus one X chromosome and one Y chromosome. (wikipedia.org)
Eukaryotic DNA replication initiates at multiple origin sites along each chromosome and terminates when replication forks (RFs) from adjacent origins converge. (elifesciences.org)
However, the transposon has a mechanism to favor transposition immediately after a replication fork passes through, leaving a hemimethylated copy of Tn 10 on each sister chromosome . (wikimili.com)
It is located in an intronic sequence of the DGKB gene on chromosome 7 and is highly conserved in Hominidae (the great apes), but absent from Hylobatidae (gibbon and siamang). (biomedcentral.com)

It consists of nucleotide sequences of DNA (or RNA in RNA viruses). (wikipedia.org)
Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories. (lookformedical.com)

Almost all eukaryotes have mitochondria and a small mitochondrial genome. (wikipedia.org)
In eukaryotes, repetitive DNA sequences are transcriptionally silenced through histone H3 lysine 9 trimethylation (H3K9me3). (bvsalud.org)

In 1976, Walter Fiers at the University of Ghent (Belgium) was the first to establish the complete nucleotide sequence of a viral RNA-genome (Bacteriophage MS2). (wikipedia.org)
The analysis demonstrated the presence of multiple copies of retrotransposable elements inside the genome of beech, in accordance with the viral quasi-species theory of retrotransposon evolution. (sisef.it)
The other two repetitive elements IR 2 (or and LF3 (leftward reading body 3) are located in the polyribosomal small fraction of EBV-infected cells and represent one of the most abundant viral transcripts synthesized through the EBV lytic routine (5 11 15 17 30 Their open up reading structures are almost completely PF-3644022 made up of the recurring elements. (molecularcircuit.com)
non-etheless like chromosomal recurring elements generally (21) by providing the chance of template-primer misalignments or era of template hairpin buildings during replication the viral repeats offer possibilities for replication infidelity or transcriptional variant and mutations. (molecularcircuit.com)

ALT, however, promotes telomere elongation using homology directed DNA damage repair via break induced replication [ 1 - 4 ]. (oncotarget.com)
ALT was recently described to resemble break-induced replication (BIR), a specific homology directed repair pathway utilized to repair one-sided DNA double-stranded breaks that are often generated following replication fork collapse [ 4 ]. (oncotarget.com)

Therefore, genome studies of N. pompilius would not only shed light on the origin and evolution of cephalopod genomic novelties but also incentivize research on their biology and inform sustainable conservation. (nature.com)
In spite of the abundance of research on the roles of TE on the genome biology in humans, model organisms (e.g., mice and Drosophila ), and plants (especially crop species), few studies on TE have been conducted in livestock and poultry. (biomedcentral.com)
Sequencing genomes of other species facilitates and extends these goals by revealing general principles of biology. (cilecenter.org)
S. cerevisiae is also a critical model organism in cell biology research, aiding in the understanding of eukaryotic cell and human biology. (microbiologynote.com)

The bioinformatic examination on the genomes of these 3 E. ictaluri specific bacteriophages corroborate pre viously published data that signifies that these bacterio phages are lytic, and lack any mechanism for lysogenic conversion of their host. (hivprotease-signal.com)

Transposase is an enzyme that binds to the end of a transposon and catalyses its movement to another part of the genome by a cut and paste mechanism or a replicative transposition mechanism. (wikimili.com)

With advancements in technology that could handle sequencing of the many repetitive sequences found in human DNA that were not fully uncovered by the original Human Genome Project study, scientists reported the first end-to-end human genome sequence in March 2022. (wikipedia.org)

The definition of 'genome' that's commonly used in the scientific literature is usually restricted to the large chromosomal DNA molecules in bacteria. (wikipedia.org)
Performing genome-wide target profiling on data sets obtained by retrieving chromosomal targeting sequences from individual clones, we have identified several piggyBac and Tol2 hotspots and observed that (4) piggyBac and Tol2 display a clear difference in targeting preferences in the human genome. (biomedcentral.com)
ALT is a recombination-based mechanism where one telomere uses other chromosomal, or extrachromosomal, telomeric DNA sequences as a template for telomere elongation. (oncotarget.com)

The next year, Fred Sanger completed the first DNA-genome sequence: Phage Φ-X174, of 5386 base pairs. (wikipedia.org)
The 6-9 base pairs that flank the sequence also influence selection of the insertion site. (wikimili.com)
The sequences are about 300 base pairs long and are repeated several thousand times throughout the genome. (ojp.gov)

So identifying and classifying repeats is an important step in genome annotation. (biomedcentral.com)
For example, in the genomes of rat, mouse and human approximately 40 to 50% of the DNA consists of repeats [ 2 ] and these are divided into many different and partly not easily distinguishable classes. (biomedcentral.com)
The function of repetitive elements has been discussed for a long time [ 3 ] and only recently has the importance of repeats in cellular processes begun to open up [ 4 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Due to these important roles of repeats, their annotation and classification in assembled eukaryotic genomes is an essential part of a genome project. (biomedcentral.com)
Alphoid repeats or human alpha satellites are a human specific subclass of satellite DNA, which are long sequences of non-coding DNA appearing in tandems, i.e. the repeat instances follow each other without long gaps. (biomedcentral.com)
By contrast, the proportion of shared vs. lineage-specific ERVII repeats in the Abp region resembles the rest of the genome. (biomedcentral.com)

Since then, advances in technology have made genomic sequencing cheaper and faster. (cilecenter.org)
1. Perez-Pinera P, Ousterout DG, Gersbach CA. Advances in targeted genome editing. (ac.ir)

Loss of silencing of the repeat elements leads to genome instability and human diseases, including cancer and ageing1-3. (bvsalud.org)
However, they can also induce detrimental genome instability and numerous human diseases ( 3 , 6 ). (rna-mediated.com)

Sequence logo analysis suspected TB transmission and suspected laboratory cross- can find motifs in potentially related nucleic acid or protein contamination. (cdc.gov)
The substantial terminase subunit which is a structural protein is together with the portal protein viewed as essentially the most universally conserved gene sequence in phages, consequently they are good possibilities to assist in phage classification. (hivprotease-signal.com)
External envelope protein of the human immunodeficiency virus which is encoded by the HIV env gene. (lookformedical.com)
Transmembrane envelope protein of the HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS which is encoded by the HIV env gene. (lookformedical.com)
Our meta-analysis suggests a widespread role for TEs in shaping RNA-protein regulatory networks in the human genome. (biomedcentral.com)
It involves crosslinking cells to lock RNA-protein interactions, immunoprecipitating the complexes using an antibody specifically targeted to the RBP, sequencing cDNA reverse transcribed from the captured RNA, and statistically analyzing the aligned sequencing reads [ 26 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
They are capable of converting low-quality feed into high-quality protein and essential minerals with high bioavailability, which can be easily incorporated into human diets. (biomedcentral.com)
A simple transposon is organized by terminal repeat domains (TRDs) embracing a gene encoding a catalytic protein, transposase, required for its relocation in the genome through a "cut-and-paste" mechanism. (biomedcentral.com)
6. Miller J, Mc Lachlan AD, Klug A. Repetitive zinc-binding domains in the protein transcription factor IIIA from Xenopus oocytes. (ac.ir)
Here, using Next Generation Sequencing we identified a novel gene fusion event between DAXX and the kinesin motor protein, KIFC3, leading to the translation of a chimeric DAXX-KIFC3 fusion protein. (oncotarget.com)

In December 2013, scientists first sequenced the entire genome of a Neanderthal, an extinct species of humans. (wikipedia.org)
This annotation step is traditionally performed using alignment based methods, either in a de novo approach or by aligning the genome sequence to a species specific set of repetitive sequences. (biomedcentral.com)

These data provide a foundational map of large SV in the morbid human genome and demonstrate a previously underappreciated abundance and diversity of cxSV that should be considered in genomic studies of human disease. (biomedcentral.com)

Due to the staggered DNA cuts of the genome by the L1-derived endonuclease during TPRT, Alu insertions are flanked by short sequences of duplicated host DNA called target site duplications (TSDs), which can be used to identify the insertion event. (biomedcentral.com)
This is primarily because Alu elements do not contain coding sequence and the vast majority of insertions are highly similar to each other. (biomedcentral.com)

In the orangutan genome, this insertion contains three orangutan-specific diagnostic mutations which are characteristic of the youngest polymorphic Alu subfamily, Alu Ye5b5_ Pongo . (biomedcentral.com)
In the Homininae lineage (human, chimpanzee and gorilla), this insertion has acquired three different mutations which are also found in a single human-specific Alu insertion. (biomedcentral.com)

Recent research has revisited the topic of TE impact on gene expression, noting that the dissemination of highly similar sequence accomplished by TEs is a powerful way to link many diverse genomic regions into a regulatory network [ 7 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

Their ability to move and/or replicate inside the genome is an important evolutionary force, responsible for the increase of genome size and the regulation of gene expression. (sisef.it)
As their significance was recognized, it was noted that TEs' ability to self-replicate meant that a beneficial functional role was unnecessary to explain their conquest of the genome [ 3 ],[ 4 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

LINE activity creates genomic structural variants in human populations and leads to somatic alterations in cancer genomes. (bvsalud.org)
Nevertheless sequence alterations can and do occur because of RNA/DNA polymerase slippages during replication or transcription. (molecularcircuit.com)

Three types of endonucleases , namely ZFNs (zinc finger nucleases), TALENs (transcription activator-like effector nucleases ), and the CRISPR (clustered regularly interspersed short palindromic regions) associated (Cas9) system have been predominantly utilized for gene editing. (ac.ir)

Consequently, phenotypic traits - both macroscopic and molecular - depend on a combination of influences from genome sequences, the individual's life history and the epigenetic signals in the fertilized egg. (cilecenter.org)

Introns sequences account for about 30% of the genome. (blogspot.com)

The genomes of many organisms have been sequenced and various regions have been annotated. (wikipedia.org)
Genome editing using targetable nucleases is an emerging technology for precise genome modification in many organisms with hight ability and capability. (ac.ir)
The emergence of TALENs in 2010 has enabled the genome modification of non- model organisms, while the emergence of the CRISPR/Cas9 system in 2013 as a revolutionary genome-editing tool has allowed us to anticipate the forthcoming new era of genome editing research. (ac.ir)

Phylogenetic analysis primarily based to the significant terminase subunit amino acid sequence plus the DNA polymerase I amino acid sequence of eiAU reveal that phages eiAU, eiDWS, and eiMSLS were most much like phage that infect other enterobacteria and Sodalis glossinidius. (hivprotease-signal.com)

Replication fork barriers are a commonly encountered problem, which can cause fork collapse and act as hotspots for replication termination. (elifesciences.org)
However, replication restart is relatively slow and, therefore, replication termination may frequently occur by an active fork converging on a collapsed fork. (elifesciences.org)

We observed that the major accumulation of L1 elements occurred after the split of the mouse and rat lineages and that there is a striking overlap between the timing of L1 accumulation and expansion of the Abp gene family in the mouse genome. (biomedcentral.com)

Long-read RNA sequencing technologies, including Oxford Nanopore and PacBio, can directly sequence relatively long transcripts, thus providing the opportunity to examine full-length LINE transcripts. (bvsalud.org)

I've hesitated to comment about the sequencing of Neanderthal DNA 'cause I haven't read the papers. (blogspot.com)

Treatment of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection with ZFN-mediated CCR5 gene disruption is one of the indicator examples of the ability of ZFNs in genome editing. (ac.ir)

Repetitive elements contribute a large part of eukaryotic genomes. (biomedcentral.com)
Recently, Li (Bioinformatics 35:4408-4410, 2019) developed a novel software tool dna-brnn to annotate repetitive sequences using a recurrent neural network trained on sample annotations of repetitive elements. (biomedcentral.com)
This combines the basic concepts of Li (Bioinformatics 35:4408-4410, 2019) with current techniques developed for neural machine translation, the attention mechanism, for the task of nucleotide-level annotation of repetitive elements. (biomedcentral.com)
A recent overview of functions and the evolution of repetitive elements can be found in [ 9 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
While [ 11 ] mainly describes structural properties of two of the four repetitive element classes, we additionally highlight the biological importance and, if possible, function of specific repetitive elements. (biomedcentral.com)
The identification of retrotransposable elements in forest trees represents an important step toward the understanding of mechanisms of genome evolution. (sisef.it)
It is therefore clear that retrotransposable elements build large parts of eukaryotic genomes ( [40] ). (sisef.it)
Using dot plot analysis, we found that the most recent duplication in the Abp region of the mouse genome is flanked by L1Md _ T elements. (biomedcentral.com)
Analysis of the sequence of these elements revealed breakpoints that are the relicts of the recombination that caused the duplication, confirming that the duplication arose as a result of NAHR using L1 elements as substrates. (biomedcentral.com)
Repetitive elements of an unknown function surprisingly account for the large fractions of our genomes. (cilecenter.org)
Sequence analysis of the orangutan genome revealed that recent proliferative activity of Alu elements has been uncharacteristically quiescent in the Pongo (orangutan) lineage, compared with all previously studied primate genomes. (biomedcentral.com)

In this article, we review essential genome editing tools, summarize their applications in crop improvement, as well as, next-generation crop breeding and their computational resources will be discussed. (ac.ir)

In summary, our results demonstrate that L1-derived transcripts provide a previously undescribed layer of primate- and human-specific transcriptome complexity that contributes to the functional diversification of the human brain. (bvsalud.org)

The first bacterial genome to be sequenced was that of Haemophilus influenzae, completed by a team at The Institute for Genomic Research in 1995. (wikipedia.org)

In this study, the complete genomic sequence of Fusarium equiseti D25-1 was determined using multiple sequencing platforms. (researchsquare.com)

The human idiocy exposed by Courtney W. Hanna et al (2017? (rna-mediated.com)

genome sequencing "essentially completed. (centrocardiobogota.com)

The bovine leukemia virus (BLV) belongs to the family Retroviridae (genus Deltaretrovirus ) and is closely related to human T-cell leukemia viruses (HTLV-1 and II) [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

While the genome sequence was already transformative at the time, the past 25 years of progress have substantially increased its impact on TB taxonomy, drug discovery, resistance mechanisms, epidemiology, vaccine development, and pathogenesis. (jci.org)
To gain deeper insight into the biological and pharmacological mechanisms, we sequenced the genome of H. sinensis . (springeropen.com)
In order to clarify the biological and pharmacological mechanisms of O. sinensis , we carried out the genome sequencing of H. sinensis, anamorph of O. sinensis , for the first time, described the annotation and gene expression, and analyzed the complete sequencing data (Li et al. (springeropen.com)
Wrong eukaryote is that the economic novelty notion with lunar sequences will demonstrate the other Mechanisms apparently Supported with border sentence. (be-mindful.de)

We examined spoligotype data using a bioin- formatic tool (sequence logo analysis) to elucidate undisclosed phylogenetic relationships and gain insights into the global dissemination of strains of tuberculosis. (cdc.gov)

Collapsed forks can be rescued by homologous recombination, which restarts replication. (elifesciences.org)

In many applications the independent detection of multiple spatially overlapping analytes in a mixture is required, e.g., single-tube multiplex DNA probe assays, immuno assays, multicolor DNA sequencing methods, and the like. (justia.com)

10. Dreier B, Beerli RR, Segal DJ, Flippin JD, Barbas CF. Development of zinc finger domains for recognition of the 5'-ANN-3' family of DNA sequences and their use in the construction of artificial transcription factors. (ac.ir)

We provide evidence for the evolution of a lineage-specific subfamily of this shared Alu insertion in orangutans and possibly the lineage leading to humans. (biomedcentral.com)

citation needed] The development of new technologies has made genome sequencing dramatically cheaper and easier, and the number of complete genome sequences is growing rapidly. (wikipedia.org)

Here, we present a complete Nautilus pompilius genome as a fundamental genomic reference on cephalopod innovations, such as the pinhole eye and biomineralization. (nature.com)
In this study, we sequenced the complete genome of Nautilus pompilius in the hope of providing a critical reference for the evolution of cephalopods. (nature.com)
the complete genome sequence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis continues to provide an invaluable resource to understand tuberculosis (TB), the leading cause of global infectious disease mortality. (jci.org)

In con trast, therapeutics based mostly on these newly recognized human host targets will avoid HIV virus from employing the hosts cellular mechanism for its daily life cycle and are insensitive to drug resistance. (hivprotease-signal.com)
Tn 10 is a transposable element , which is a sequence of DNA that is capable of mediating its own movement from one position in the DNA of the host organism to another. (wikimili.com)
Similar to other retroviruses, BLV integrates into the host genome as a provirus and induces lifelong infection. (biomedcentral.com)

Mechanistically, the human silencing hub (HUSH) complex interacts with the leading-strand DNA polymerase Pol Îµ and contributes to the asymmetric segregation of H3K9me3. (bvsalud.org)
Examples of methods utilizing such non-radioactive detection methods include DNA sequencing, oligonucleotide probe methods, detection of polymerase-chain-reaction products, immunoassays, and the like. (justia.com)

Anatomy21

Organisms14

Diseases7

Chemicals and Drugs57

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment29

Phenomena and Processes152

Disciplines and Occupations5

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena2

Technology, Industry, Agriculture1

Information Science11

Health Care3

Whole-genome8

Mammalian genomes4

Genes20

Short INterspersed Elements2

Mouse and rat genomes2

Long INterspersed Elements1

Genetic15

Proteins14

Plant genomes2

Eukaryotic genome2

LINEs and SINEs1

Regions of the genome1

Retrotransposons4

Genomics6

Transposable elements3

Chromosomes5

Chromosome5

Nucleotide sequences2

Eukaryotes2

Viral4

Break-induced replication2

Biology4

Bioinformatic1

Transposition1

20221

Chromosomal3

Base pairs3

Repeats6

Advances2

Instability2

Protein10

Species2

Abundance1

Insertions2

Mutations2

Regulatory1

Replicate2

Alterations2

Predominantly1

Molecular1

Introns1

Organisms3

Amino acid1

Fork2

Gene family1

PacBio1

Neanderthal1

Immunodeficiency virus1

Elements11

Summarize1

Functional1

Bacterial1

Genomic sequence1

20171

Essentially1

Viruses1

Mechanisms4

Phylogenetic1

Forks1

Assays1

Transcription1

Insertion1

Cheaper1

Complete3

Host3

Polymerase2