Replication defective adenovirus. Medical search. Frequent questions

Here, we report the safety, tolerability, and immunogenicity of a replication-defective recombinant adenovirus serotype 5 (rAd5) vector HIV-1 candidate vaccine. (emmes.com)
The vaccine contained three separate replication-defective vectors based on Human Adenovirus C serotype 5 (HAdV-5). (wikipedia.org)
Preliminary analysis of the Merck STEP Study suggests that there is a higher rate of HIV infection in vacinees who had positive human adenovirus serotype-5 titers on enrollment compared to those with undetectable Ad5 titers. (typepad.com)
Sero-switch" adenovirus-mediated in vivo gene transfer: circumvention of anti-adenovirus humoral immune defenses against repeat adenovirus vector administration by changing the adenovirus serotype. (cornell.edu)

Phase 1 safety and immunogenicity evaluation of a multiclade HIV-1 candidate vaccine delivered by a replication-defective recombinant adenovirus vector. (emmes.com)
Recombinant adenovirus type 5 (rAd) has been used as a vaccine platform against many infectious diseases and has been shown to be an effective vaccine vector. (mdpi.com)
The STEP Study was a Phase IIb clinical trial intended to study the efficacy of an experimental HIV vaccine based on a human adenovirus 5 (HAdV-5) vector. (wikipedia.org)
In this manuscript, we have developed a recombinant human adenovirus as an expression vector that contains the gene for porcine interferon alpha. (usda.gov)
The vaccines are based on novel and powerful viral vectors for in vivo delivery of antigens.The PEACHI Consortium members have employed replication-defective simian adenovirus (ChAd) and modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA) vector technology to develop the most immunogenic HCV and HIV-1 vaccines to date. (europa.eu)
The primary objective of these viral vector systems is to achieve the highest possible titers without forming replication-competent variants. (biopharminternational.com)
The vaccine was a replication-defective E1/E3 deleted adenovirus (Ad5) vector expressing antigens consisting of 16 multimers of GnRH, bacterial leukotoxin, T-helper epitopes, and other various hinge and linker amino acids (Ad-GnRH). (auburn.edu)
This study demonstrates that mares are capable of developing an anti-GnRH antibody response to homologous immunization using a replication-defective E1/E3 deleted replication-defective adenovirus vector encoding GnRH peptide, bacterial leukotoxin, and T-helper epitopes. (auburn.edu)
Although the host cell E1 gene is required for complementation, its presence can also be problematic because recombination between vector and host cell genomes may lead to the reacquisition of E1 by the vector and the formation of replication-competent adenoviruses (RCAs). (acs.org)
Therefore, we have utilized a human in vitro T cell priming assay to determine whether prior infection by Ad5 affects replication of HIV-1 in human CD4 T cells following exposure to a replication-defective Ad5 vector. (typepad.com)
A current strategy for an HIV vaccine employs the use of a replication deficient AdHu5 vector. (typepad.com)
Recombinant adenovirus (Adenovirus), a replication-defective adenoviral vector system, is widely used for gene delivery in most cell types. (9lb.cc)
Adenovirus is often used as a viral vector to produce vaccines with replication ability and vaccines with replication defects. (medicaltrend.org)
In order to produce a replication-deficient vector, the two early genes E1A and E1B of adenovirus were replaced with transgene (the insertion antigen of the target pathogen) expression cassette, thereby preventing the virus from replicating in the host cell. (medicaltrend.org)
In addition, by genetically depleting the E3 and E4 genes of the adenovirus vector, the host cell-mediated elimination of adenovirus-infected cells and the instability of the transgene can be prevented. (medicaltrend.org)
For replication-deficient vaccines, each virus particle used as a vector can only infect a single cell, and a transgene carried only once can be used to induce host cell immune responses. (medicaltrend.org)
Methods: We used direct RNA sequencing to analyse transcript expression from the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 genome in human MRC-5 and A549 cell lines that are non-permissive for vector replication alongside the replication permissive cell line, HEK293. (ox.ac.uk)
Adenovirus vector transcripts were almost absent in MRC-5 cells, but in A549 cells, there was a broader repertoire of adenoviral gene expression at very low levels. (ox.ac.uk)
It was co-developed by the Beijing Institute of Biotechnology (BIB) and CanSino Biologics Inc. using a genetically engineered replication-defective adenovirus type 5 vector to express the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein, which is grown using living cells that were designed and developed at the National Research Council of Canada. (nilkantho.in)

We tested the possibility of altering the course of retinal degeneration in the rd mouse through subretinal injection of a recombinant replication-defective adenovirus that contains the murine cDNA for wild-type (beta PDE, Ad.CMV beta PDE. (nih.gov)
Delivery of OX40L to human monocytes using a recombinant replication-defective adenovirus led to greater expansion, up-regulation of perforin, enhanced cytolytic activity, and increased numbers of IFN-γ- and TNF-α-producing antiviral memory CD8 T cells in cultures of total T cells. (aai.org)

In this review article, we outline key characteristics of major gene therapy viruses-adenovirus, adeno-associated virus (AAV), and lentivirus-and summarize the mechanisms regulating important steps in the virus journey from binding at peripheral nerve terminals to nuclear delivery. (frontiersin.org)
Several virus types have been studied for use as viral vectors in gene therapy, including adenovirus, lentivirus, retrovirus, and adeno-associated virus (AAV). (biopharminternational.com)

It was hoped that the adenovirus vectors would carry these HIV-1 genes into the cell, and that this would result in the development of a cell-mediated immune response that would confer a degree of immunity to the HIV virus. (wikipedia.org)
constructed arrays of replication-defective adenoviruses containing cDNA library clones - that they named 'PhenoSelect' libraries - and demonstrated the power of this approach by screening for genes that affect osteoblast differentiation. (the-scientist.com)
E1-deleted (including E1a-deleted) adenoviruses are replication defective and are commonly used as viral vectors to carry therapeutic genes for gene therapy. (hindawi.com)
These data validate the use of recombinant adenovirus expressing PPRV genes as DIVA strategies to control this highly contagious disease. (biomedcentral.com)
The adenovirus without E1/E3 can express all of the other genes in the viral backbone and hence induces immunogenic responses, while rAAV does not have any of the AAV genes, thus no immunogenicity from viral protein. (9lb.cc)
Although replication-defective in normal cells, 28 kbp of adenovirus genes is delivered to the cell nucleus alongside the SARS-CoV-2 S glycoprotein gene. (ox.ac.uk)
So far, the approved AAV-based drugs and most clinical trials utilizing AAV vectors aim to supplement a defective gene with a new, working copy [ 3 ], but many studies have investigated AAV for the delivery of non-self therapeutic genes. (biomedcentral.com)
c production of replication incompetent AAV vectors via transient plasmid transfection into 293 producer cells that express adenovirus type 5 E1 genes. (biomedcentral.com)
Bramson[12] endorsed that full immune response can be obtained from immunisation with a disease-causing virus modified to subject replication-essential genes to the control of a non-lethal heat-activated gene switch in the presence of a drug-like compound. (digiwire.co.in)
The use of a highly heat-inducible heat shock protein gene (HSP) promoter to regulate the expression of replication-essential genes of a pathogenic virus is one possibility, representing perhaps the only possible solution available at this time. (digiwire.co.in)

T cells primed by these recombinant adenovirus vaccines expanded after PPRV challenge and probably contributed to protection. (biomedcentral.com)
Recombinant adenovirus vaccines should therefore aim at replicating the naturally occurring PPRV immunity. (biomedcentral.com)
After all, unlike the other vaccines currently in the pipeline, this one is alive and replication-competent. (thedailybeast.com)
Here, we evaluated the immune responses to booster vaccination with intramuscular adenovirus-vectored vaccine (Ad5-nCoV), aerosolized Ad5-nCoV, a recombinant protein subunit vaccine (ZF2001) or homologous inactivated vaccine (CoronaVac) in those who received two doses of inactivated COVID-19 vaccines 6 months prior. (bvsalud.org)
The vaccines comprise a conserved region immunogen, HIVconsv, delivered by replication-defective chimpanzee adenovirus and MVA vectors. (jenner.ac.uk)
In humans, 57 adenovirus serotypes have been identified and further divided into 7 subgroups (A-G). Most adenovirus-based vaccines are prepared using adenovirus type 5 (Ad5). (medicaltrend.org)
Adenovirus-based vaccines can induce antibody-mediated and T-cell- mediated immune responses. (medicaltrend.org)
Several Covid-19 vaccines are based on replication-defective adenoviruses, including products from AstraZeneca, Johnson & Johnson, CanSino Biologics and Sputnik V. The vaccinated cells produce the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein on their surface, and thereby trigger a protective immune response in the human body. (uzh.ch)

To circumvent the negative effect of preexisting immu- chimpanzee adenovirus (data not shown). (cdc.gov)
Chimpanzee Adenovirus Antibodies in Humans mon ( 11 ). (cdc.gov)
We are planning a series of vaccine trials to evaluate vaccinations with HIV and/or HCV immunogens, each delivered by replication-defective chimpanzee adenovirus and MVA vectors, in healthy volunteers and in HIV-positive HCV-uninfected patients on ART. (jenner.ac.uk)

The best PSP was selected to construct a prostate-specific oncolytic adenovirus (CRAD) by controlling the adenoviral E1 region. (hindawi.com)
The adenovirus early region 1 (E1) gene, which comprises E1a and E1b, encodes the viral early proteins that are necessary for adenoviral replication and the consequent oncolysis of permissive host cells. (hindawi.com)
Replication-defective adenovirus vectors are deficient in early viral gene E1 and are generally grown in cell lines such as HEK-293, which contain and express an integrated copy of E1 for the purpose of complementing the defective adenoviral genome. (acs.org)
The adenoviral vectors provided by Genemedi are based on human adenovirus type 5 (Ad5), which is replication-incompetent (-E1/-E3) and can't be integrated into host genome, guaranteeing the security for subsequent operations. (9lb.cc)
Genemedi has launched a comprehensive adenovirus production service, including a variety of different adenoviral expression systems used for gene over-expression and shRNA mediated gene down-regulation, which may also allow researchers to produce adenoviruses by themselves as they need. (9lb.cc)

One serum sam- nity to common human serotypes of adenoviruses on the ple from Cameroon neutralized all 3 chimpanzee aden- efficacy of adenovirus vaccine carriers, we developed vec- oviruses and had titers of 20 to AdC68 and 160 to AdC6 tors based on chimpanzee-derived adenoviruses C68, C6, and AdC1. (cdc.gov)
However, studies have clearly shown that Ad-specific memory CD4 T cell responses are highly cross-reactive against different serotypes, which may call into serious question the safety of any adenovirus-based vaccine candidate in individuals at risk for HIV infection (this may even hold true for vectors based on chimpanzee adenoviruses, see second abstract below). (typepad.com)
And for the Crucell construct, it is also difficult to imagine a scenario where the vaccine could be ethically studied in individuals at risk for HIV infection, unless it can be proven that the risk of enhancement seen in STEP related entirely to immune responses specific to Ad5 and not immune responses cross-reactive with other adenovirus serotypes (or some other immune-modulating effect of adenoviruses generally). (typepad.com)

Antibodies were more common in humans residing in sub- to chimpanzee adenoviruses (Figure, Table 1). (cdc.gov)
Our data show that as expected, neutralizing antibodies to chimpanzee adenoviruses are rarely found in humans residing in the United States or Thailand. (cdc.gov)
Different prevalence rates of neutralizing anti- reflect cross-species transmission of these viruses from bodies to the 3 chimpanzee adenoviruses in human samples chimpanzees to humans. (cdc.gov)
Adenoviruses cause respiratory illnesses in humans and have been used as vectors in vaccination for many years, for example against MERS and Ebola virus. (uzh.ch)

Adenovirus has the ability to infect dividing, quiescent cells, stem cells, and primary cells, allowing genetic materials to be delivered to a highly diverse range of cell types and tissues. (9lb.cc)
Researchers are exploiting a key feature of adenoviruses, namely their ability to infect human cells and transfer foreign DNA into the nucleus of these cells. (uzh.ch)

ART stops viral replication but is not able to eliminate cells that harbour dormant (the latent reservoir) HIV. (jenner.ac.uk)
Simply, the E1 gene products are early proteins that are transcribed in the early transcribed regions and required for proceeding subsequent steps in viral replication. (9lb.cc)
E1A is critical to start viral replication by promoting transcription from rep gene promoters, P5 and P19, and facilitate viral replication by activating the early adenovirus promoters. (9lb.cc)
Upon infection with SARS-CoV-2, increased viral RNA and subgenomic RNA was detected, but no infectious virus was released, indicating that JFB organoids support only limited viral replication but not viral reproduction. (bvsalud.org)

Human sera from the United States, Thailand, and bodies to chimpanzee adenoviruses. (cdc.gov)
Replication defective adenovirus vectors with low sero-prevalence and low T-cell reactivity in the relevant human populations. (nih.gov)
Here, we report the effect of IFN-alpha treatment (delivered by a replication defective human adenovirus type 5, Ad5) on the course of experimental infection of swine infected with the highly virulent CSFV Brescia strain. (usda.gov)
Gene therapy using a recombinant adenovirus (Ad) encoding secretory human endostatin (Ad-Endo) has been demonstrated to be a promising antiangiogenesis and antitumor strategy of in animal models and clinical trials. (biomedcentral.com)
Here, we found that a single vaccination with a replication-defective human type 5 adenovirus encoding the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein (Ad5-nCoV) protected mice completely against SARS-CoV-2 infection in the upper and lower respiratory tracts. (bvsalud.org)
and with each passage, the virus replicates in chicken cells more efficiently and loses replication in human cells. (medicaltrend.org)
Although the replication ability of live attenuated pathogens is mostly limited by human cells, there is still a rare level of replication risk, which can make pathogens more virulent through genetic mutations. (medicaltrend.org)
Bats were then intranasally inoculated with a replication-defective adenovirus encoding human ACE2 and 5 days later challenged with SARS-CoV-2. (bvsalud.org)

ii) an attenuated, replication-defective orthopoxvirus (Modified Vaccinia virus Ankara), encoding for the same neoantigens. (biosafety.be)

Immunization strategies against this morbillivirus using recombinant adenoviruses expressing PPRV-F or -H proteins can protect PPRV-challenged animals and permit differentiation of infected from vaccinated animals. (biomedcentral.com)
A Novel Approach on Immunization by Replication- Competent, Controlled Viral Pathogen: Exploring for Diseases Refractory to Effective Conventional Vaccination? (digiwire.co.in)

We also show that recombinant adenovirus vaccination induced T cell responses to the same epitopes, and led to memory T cell differentiation. (biomedcentral.com)

Viral titers are determined by TCID50 method, which is the most accurate way to measure the titer of adenovirus. (9lb.cc)

It also exhaustively introduces the concrete mechanism of invading GC cells and the viral genome composition of adenovirus and herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1). (frontiersin.org)
SARS-CoV-2 replication was associated with significantly increased gene expression of type I interferons and inflammatory cytokines. (bvsalud.org)
The adenovirus type 5 E1B-55 kDa oncoprotein has several known functions during the viral life cycle, but it is mostly known for its ability to bind and inactivate the tumor suppressor p53. (uni-goettingen.de)

The replicase proteins p33 and p92 of Cymbidium ringspot virus (CymRSV) were found to support the replication of defective interfering (DI) RNA in Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells. (microbiologyresearch.org)
Double-labelled immunofluorescence showed that both p33 and p92 replicase proteins localized to peroxisomes, independently of one another and of the presence of the replication template. (microbiologyresearch.org)
Some vectors, such as adenoviruses, have a fairly broad tropism, and the target range is often modified by engineering part of the envelope proteins. (biopharminternational.com)
The microvessel density and Ad replication in tumor tissue were evaluated by checking the expression of CD34 and hexon proteins, respectively. (biomedcentral.com)
Proteomically, in addition to S glycoprotein, we detected multiple adenovirus proteins in A549 cells compared to just one in MRC5 cells. (ox.ac.uk)

Therefore, strategies to use conditional oncolytic virus, or the so-called attenuated replication-competent viruses, to specifically target prostate tissue have been developed [ 2 - 4 ]. (hindawi.com)

The results suggest that adenovirus-mediated IL-12 gene transfer combined with Ad.CD followed by 5-FC treatment may be useful for treating cancers. (biomedcentral.com)
Demonstration using controlled expression of TRH receptors by adenovirus mediated gene transfer. (cornell.edu)
15] have produced novel gene transfer vectors for adenovirus that feature enhanced and strict control of transgene expression using promoter insulation from the HSP70B promoter. (digiwire.co.in)

To overcome this obstacle, conditional oncolytic viruses (such as conditional replication adenovirus (CRAD)) are developed to specifically target prostate without (or with minimal) systemic toxicity due to viral self-replication. (hindawi.com)
Replication-competent viruses, also known as oncolytic viruses, replicate within transduced cells and force these cells into a lytic cycle. (hindawi.com)
Results showed that attenuated viruses retaining some replication capacity induced immune responses that were more complete and more potent than non-replicating comparison viruses. (digiwire.co.in)
Virus infection can cause a DNA damage response through virus replication intermediates, but many viruses have evolved mechanisms to interfere with this response. (uni-goettingen.de)

Many studies, however, contrasted immune responses elicited by viral vectors that were attenuated but retained residual capacity to replicate and corresponding vectors that were incompetent for replication[7-10]. (digiwire.co.in)

Viral vectors that have been genetically modified to make replication defective are called non-replicating vectors. (medicaltrend.org)

sub-Saharan Africa and chimpanzee sera were tested for In contrast, serum samples from sub-Saharan African neutralizing antibodies to 3 chimpanzee adenoviruses. (cdc.gov)
This finding suggests cross-species transmission higher prevalence of neutralizing antibodies to AdC6 and of chimpanzee adenoviruses. (cdc.gov)

Compared to adenovirus and AAV, retrovirus-based vectors show relatively low transduction efficiency in-vivo , but their advantage lies in their ability to integrate stably and confer long-term transgene expression in dividing tissues. (biopharminternational.com)
Transduction results of various Adenovirus vectors. (9lb.cc)
Selected results of Adenovirus transduction in the adult rat cardiac cells (A), eyes (B), neuron cells (C). (9lb.cc)

Ad26 is far less prevalent in nature than Ad5, so few people have antibody responses to the Ad26 hexon protein (the major target for antibody responses to adenoviruses). (typepad.com)
2000. Soluble CD8 attenuates cytotoxic T cell responses against replication-defective adenovirus affording transprotection of transgenes in vivo. . (cornell.edu)

2001. Variation in adenovirus transgene expression between BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice is associated with differences in interleukin-12 and gamma interferon production and NK cell activation. . (cornell.edu)
1999. Inhibition of tumor necrosis factor alpha by an adenovirus-encoded soluble fusion protein extends transgene expression in the liver and lung. . (cornell.edu)

Two yeast strains were used, differing in the biogenesis of peroxisomes, the organelles supplying the membranous vesicular environment in which CymRSV RNA replication takes place in infected plant cells. (microbiologyresearch.org)
DI RNA replication occurred in yeast cells, as demonstrated by the presence of monomers and dimers of positive and negative polarities. (microbiologyresearch.org)
DI RNA replication also took place in yeast cells devoid of peroxisomes. (microbiologyresearch.org)
It is suggested that replication in these cells was targeted to the endoplasmic reticulum. (microbiologyresearch.org)
In cultured GC cells, dl 1520 rescued Ad-Endo replication, and dramatically promoted endostatin expression by Ad-Endo in a dose- and time-dependent manner. (biomedcentral.com)
The transgenic expression of Ad5 E1A and E1B19K simulated the rescue effect of dl 1520 supporting Ad-Endo replication in GC cells. (biomedcentral.com)
Through collaboration with the NIAID-funded HIV Vaccine Trials Network and Duke University NC, we have shown that targeting of selected vulnerable regions within the HIV proteome by CD8+ T cells is strongly associated with their capacity to inhibit HIV replication in vitro. (jenner.ac.uk)

The ability of the host's innate immune system to interact with CSFV replication has been studied in vitro by several groups (Bensaude et al. (usda.gov)
Adenovirus packaging by Genemedi shows almost 100% gene delivery in most cell types in the recombinant protein expression system both in vivo and in vitro. (9lb.cc)

The objective here is to prevent formation of a replication-competent viral particle," Carstens emphasizes. (biopharminternational.com)

1985. Transcription termination within the E1A gene of adenovirus induced by insertion of the mouse beta-major globin terminator element. . (cornell.edu)

The adenovirus system offers broad tropism, allowing the efficient delivery of cDNAs to different cell-types for systematic screening based on cellular phenotypes. (the-scientist.com)

Generally, AAV and adenoviruses are primarily used for creating in-vivo gene therapy. (biopharminternational.com)

The idea behind this study is to place the Ad5 E1 region in cis complementation (i.e., use E1 as a transgene) back into an E1-deleted, replication-defective adenovirus under the control of a prostate-specific promoter (PSP). (hindawi.com)

1991. Sequences regulating temporal poly(A) site switching in the adenovirus major late transcription unit. . (cornell.edu)
Varied poly(A) site efficiency in the adenovirus major late transcription unit. (cornell.edu)

IFN treatment delayed the appearance of clinical signs and virus replication in the infected animals although it did not prevent lethal disease. (usda.gov)
Virus defectuoso que contiene partículas de nucleoproteína ARN en forma de tipo virión, presente en pacientes con hepatitis B aguda y crónica. (bvsalud.org)
A defective virus, containing particles of RNA nucleoprotein in virion-like form, present in patients with acute hepatitis B and chronic hepatitis. (bvsalud.org)

In contrast, control animals inoculated with an adenovirus lacking the interferon gene developed typical signs of FMD. (usda.gov)
Therefore, in the inoculation site region but not elsewhere, an appropriate control mechanism will need to be capable of activating replication. (digiwire.co.in)

Background: ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 is a recombinant adenovirus vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 that has passed phase III clinical trials and is now in use across the globe. (ox.ac.uk)

Anatomy18

Organisms33

Diseases7

Chemicals and Drugs66

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment25

Phenomena and Processes62

Information Science3

Health Care2

Serotype4

Vector19

Recombinant replication-defective adenovirus2

Adeno-assoc2

Genes10

Vaccines8

Chimpanzee adenovirus3

Adenoviral5

Serotypes3

Humans4

Ability to infect2

Viral replication4

Human8

Vaccinia virus1

Immunization2

Vaccination1

Titers1

Type3

Proteins5

Attenuated replication-competent1

Gene transfer3

Viruses4

Immune responses1

Genetically1

Antibodies2

Transduction3

Responses2

Transgene expression2

Cells7

Vitro2

Particle1

Insertion1

Broad1

Generally1

Promoter1

Transcription2

Virus3

Control2

Clinical1