Renal tubular transport. Medical search. Frequent questions

Examples of these disorders include Iminoglycinuria, renal tubular acidosis and Gitelman syndrome. (wikipedia.org)
Renal tubular acidosis (RTA) is a clinical syndrome characterized by hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis with a normal serum anion gap. (bmj.com)
The term renal tubular acidosis (RTA) describes a group of disorders of acid-base homeostasis, in which the primary impairment is the excretion of fixed acid (distal RTA) or the reabsorption of filtered bicarbonate (proximal RTA). (bmj.com)
Renal tubular acidosis and management strategies: a narrative review. (bmj.com)
[2] Kashoor I, Batlle D. Proximal renal tubular acidosis with and without Fanconi syndrome. (bmj.com)
Axial CT scans from patient with long history of renal tubular acidosis. (medscape.com)
Lactic acidosis may also occur in association with a number of pathophysiologic conditions, including diabetes mellitus, and whenever there is significant tissue hypoperfusion and hypoxemia or significant renal dysfunction. (pdr.net)
More than 25 ATP6V1B1 gene mutations have been identified in people with renal tubular acidosis with deafness, a disorder involving excess acid in the blood (metabolic acidosis), bone weakness, and hearing loss caused by changes in the inner ear (sensorineural hearing loss). (medlineplus.gov)
Genetic causes and mechanisms of distal renal tubular acidosis. (medlineplus.gov)
Mohebbi N, Vargas-Poussou R, Hegemann SC, Schuknecht B, Kistler AD, Wuthrich RP, Wagner CA. Homozygous and compound heterozygous mutations in the ATP6V1B1 gene in patients with renal tubular acidosis and sensorineural hearing loss. (medlineplus.gov)
Nikali K, Vanegas JJ, Burley MW, Martinez J, Lopez LM, Bedoya G, Wrong OM, Povey S, Unwin RJ, Ruiz-Linares A. Extensive founder effect for distal renal tubular acidosis (dRTA) with sensorineural deafness in an isolated South American population. (medlineplus.gov)
Sethi SK, Singh N, Gil H, Bagga A. Genetic studies in a family with distal renal tubular acidosis and sensorineural deafness. (medlineplus.gov)
Human SLC4A1/AE1 mutations cause either the erythroid disorders spherocytic haemolytic anaemia or ovalocytosis, or distal renal tubular acidosis. (tcdb.org)
Specific mutations in human AE1 cause several types of hereditary hemolytic anemias and/or distal renal tubular acidosis. (rcsb.org)
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Renal Tubular Acidosis is a disease that occurs when the kidneys fail to excrete acids into the urine, which causes a person's blood to remain too acidic. (jaipurherald.in)
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Loss of bicarbonate stores through diarrhea or renal tubular wasting leads to a metabolic acidosis state characterized by increased plasma chloride concentration and decreased plasma bicarbonate concentration. (medscape.com)
An increased AG is associated with renal failure, ketoacidosis, lactic acidosis, and ingestion of certain toxins. (medscape.com)
Loss of tubular function prevents the kidneys from excreting hydrogen cations (H+) and thereby causes metabolic acidosis. (medscape.com)
The term hyperchloremic acidosis (ie, RTA) refers to a diverse group of tubular disorders, uncoupled from glomerular damage, characterized by impairment of urinary acidification without urea and anion retention. (medscape.com)

The death of the cells forming the tubules that transport urine to the ureters causes acute tubular necrosis. (chemistryviews.org)
The biphasic action of salicylates in the renal tubules accounts for the so-called "paradoxical effect" of uricosuric agents. (nih.gov)
Lead is absorbed by the proximal tubular cells of the renal tubules, where it binds to specific lead-binding proteins. (medscape.com)
These data indicate that hOAT1 may significantly contribute to the accumulation of cidofovir and adefovir in renal proximal tubules and, thus, play an active role in the mechanism of nephrotoxicity associated with these antiviral therapeutics. (aspetjournals.org)
b ), suggesting that active drug accumulation in renal proximal tubules may play a role in the etiology of the drug-associated nephrotoxicity. (aspetjournals.org)
Presumably, the uptake of cidofovir across the basolateral tubular membrane is more efficient than the subsequent secretion into tubular lumen resulting in drug accumulation in renal tubules. (aspetjournals.org)
Degenerative changes in the glomeruli and tubules of the renal cortex. (wikidoc.org)
Tubulointerstitial diseases constitute a diverse group of acute and chronic, hereditary and acquired disorders involving the renal tubules and supporting structures ( Table 146-1 ). (unboundmedicine.com)
To eliminate waste products from the body, the kidney filters gigantic quantities of the plasma (over 160 quarts per day) resulting in the flow of huge quantities of water, NaCl and the base bicarbonate through the renal tubules. (yale.edu)
The first portion of each renal tubule is called the proximal tubule, and the proximal tubules are collectively responsible for reabsorbing the vast majority of the filtered NaCl, bicarbonate and water, and secreting acid in the form of ammonium ions. (yale.edu)
The hOAT3 protein was shown to be localized in the basolateral membrane of renal proximal tubules and the hOAT3 gene was determined to be located on the human chromosome 11q12-q13.3 by fluorescent in situ hybridization analysis. (aspetjournals.org)
2. The regulation of sodium/phosphate cotransporter activity in the renal tubules is the primary mechanism by which phosphate homeostasis is maintained. (frontiersin.org)
An autosomal recessive disorder due to defective absorption of NEUTRAL AMINO ACIDS by both the intestine and the PROXIMAL RENAL TUBULES. (uchicago.edu)

Probenecid inhibits the tubular secretion of penicillin and usually increases penicillin plasma levels by any route the antibiotic is given. (nih.gov)
In particular, human organic cation transporter 2 (hOCT2) and multidrug and toxin extrusion proteins 1 and 2-K (hMATE1/2-K) likely mediate renal secretion of mIBG, whereas hOCT1 and hOCT3 may contribute to mIBG uptake into normal tissues such as the liver, salivary glands, and heart. (aspetjournals.org)
The tubular secretion of diuretics in the proximal tubule has been shown to be critical for the action of drugs. (aspetjournals.org)
In addition, because the binding of diuretics to plasma proteins is generally high (more than 90%), tubular secretion is the main route of urinary excretion of the diuretics. (aspetjournals.org)
Thus, tubular secretion has been thought to be critical for the action of loop and thiazide diuretics. (aspetjournals.org)
and renal tubular secretion of chlorothiazide and hydrochlorothiazide in the avian kidney ( Odlind and Lonnerholm, 1982 ). (aspetjournals.org)
Tubular secretion of acetazolamide was demonstrated to be important for the elimination of this drug in the study using the isolated rat perfused kidney ( Taft and Sweeney, 1995 ). (aspetjournals.org)
The secretion of numerous organic anions, including endogenous metabolites, drugs, and xenobiotics, is an important physiological function of the renal proximal tubule. (aspetjournals.org)
2007). These proteins are important for the regulation of intracellular pH (pH i ) and play crucial roles in the epithelial absorption of HCO 3 - (e.g., in the renal proximal tubule) and secretion of HCO 3 - (e.g., in the pancreatic duct). (tcdb.org)
Tubular resorption and secretion. (muni.cz)

Fanconi syndrome is due to dysfunction of the renal proximal tubule resulting in the urinary loss of substances normally reabsorbed by the kidney at this site, such as bicarbonate, glucose, amino acids, phosphate, small proteins, and uric acid. (bmj.com)
Fanconi Syndrome Fanconi syndrome consists of multiple defects in renal proximal tubular reabsorption, causing glucosuria, phosphaturia, generalized aminoaciduria, and bicarbonate wasting. (msdmanuals.com)
Nephropathic cystinosis, an autosomal recessive disorder resulting from defective lysosomal transport of cystine, is the most common inherited cause of renal Fanconi syndrome. (embl.de)

1 Kupfer S, Kosovsky JD: Effects of cardiac glycosides on renal tubular transport of calcium, magnesium, inorganic phosphate and glucose in the dog, J of Clin Investig, 1965, 44:1143. (naturalnews.com)
Introduction to Renal Transport Abnormalities Many substances are secreted or reabsorbed in the renal tubule system, including electrolytes, protons, bicarbonate molecules, glucose, uric acid, amino acids, and free water. (msdmanuals.com)
Renal glucosuria is the excretion of glucose in the urine in the presence of normal plasma glucose levels. (msdmanuals.com)
This form usually involves a reduction in the glucose transport maximum (the maximum rate at which glucose can be resorbed) and subsequent escape of glucose in the urine. (msdmanuals.com)
Although diabetic ketoacidosis is characterized by increased renal excretion of glucose, ketone bodies, and nitrogenous compounds, there are few quantitative studies pertaining to renal function during this state. (diabetesjournals.org)
Partial rehydration reduced plasma glucose concentration, primarily because of renal excretion, amounting to 384 ± 73 μmol/min or 69 ± 13 mg/min. (diabetesjournals.org)
Reabsorptive rates of acetoacetate, beta-hydroxybutyrate, acetone, and glucose increased linearly with their filtered loads, and no maximal renal tubular transport rates were demonstrated for any ketone body or glucose. (diabetesjournals.org)
We conclude that the fall in plasma glucose concentration is primarily caused by renal glucose excretion, and that the absence of a maximal renal tubular reab-sorption rate for either acetoacetate (AcAc) or beta-hydroxybutyrate ( β -OHB) serves to mitigate urinary losses of sodium and potassium during diabetic ketoacidosis. (diabetesjournals.org)

The functional consequences of tubular dysfunction are outlined in Table 146-2 . (unboundmedicine.com)
Infantile nephropathic cystinosis is a rare, autosomal recessive disease caused by a defect in the transport of cystine across the lysosomal membrane and characterized by early onset of renal proximal tubular dysfunction. (embl.de)

Inborn errors of renal tubular transport are metabolic disorders which lead to impairment in the ability of solutes, such as salts or amino acids, to be transported across the brush border of the renal tubule. (wikipedia.org)
The principal focus of this project continues to be the mechanisms of anion transport in the proximal tubule. (grantome.com)
Recycling of formate occurs by H/+- couple formate transport in parallel with Na/+-H/+ exchange, whereas next project period we propose to investigate two aspects of proximal tubule anion transport. (grantome.com)
The process of secreting organic anions through the proximal tubule cells is achieved via unidirectional transcellular transport involving the uptake of organic anions into the cells from the blood across the basolateral membrane, followed by extrusion across the brush-border membrane into the proximal tubule fluid. (aspetjournals.org)
Each nephron consists of two parts: a renal corpuscle (also known as a glomerulus) that filters the blood, and a renal tubule that reabsorbs substances that are needed and eliminates unneeded substances in urine. (medlineplus.gov)
these include, depending on the dosage and timing of observations, lesions of the glomerulus and renal proximal tubule and a variety of related functional impairments, including decreased glomerular filtration and renal blood flow, glucosuria and amino aciduria, proteinuria, and enzymuria. (cdc.gov)
Our lab has specifically focused on identifying the proteins involved in mediating the transport of bicarbonate, NaCl and ammonium in the proximal tubule. (yale.edu)
A distinctive feature of type II pRTA is that it is nonprogressing, and when the serum bicarbonate is reduced to approximately 15 mEq/L, a new transport maximum for bicarbonate is established and the proximal tubule is able to reabsorb all of the filtered bicarbonate. (medscape.com)

In addition, a renal tubular defect that reduces reabsorption may alter phosphate metabolism. (medscape.com)
However, if there is an associated generalized defect in proximal tubular function, symptoms and signs may include hypophosphatemic rickets, volume depletion, short stature, muscle hypotonia, and ocular changes of cataracts or glaucoma (oculocerebrorenal syndrome) or Kayser-Fleischer rings (Wilson disease). (msdmanuals.com)

The proposed project will provide new information on the molecular mechanisms and regulation of renal CI- transport, and is therefore of relevance for understanding clinical disorders of NaCI balance. (grantome.com)
The patients, commonly complicated with cardiovascular diseases and neurologic disorders, are at high risk to progress into end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and death. (hindawi.com)
Prié D, Friedlander G. Genetic disorders of renal phosphate transport. (medscape.com)

Renal biopsy revealed tubular atrophy, interstitial fibrosis and segmental glomerulosclerosis. (nih.gov)
The aging kidneys undergo a wide range of macrostructural changes, such as decreased cortical volume, increased surface roughness, and augmented numbers and sizes of cysts [ 11 ], which correspond to the typical microstructural features of glomerulosclerosis, tubular atrophy, interstitial fibrosis, and nephron loss [ 12 ]. (hindawi.com)
Chronic lead poisoning may also result in lead nephropathy, which is characterized by tubulointerstitial fibrosis, tubular atrophy, glomerular sclerosis, and ultimately diminished glomerular filtration rate (GFR). (medscape.com)

First, we plan to complete the cDNA cloning and carry out the physiological characterization of a novel transporter that is likely to play a role in mediating apical membrane anion transport. (grantome.com)
In particular, the organic anion transport pathway has been shown to mediate the elimination of various drugs. (aspetjournals.org)
Until early 1990s, renal organic anion transport was thought to be carried out by a few carrier proteins that showed wide substrate specificity. (aspetjournals.org)
Because hOAT1 has been suggested to show rather limited capacity for organic anion transport, hOAT3 might play a large role in the human kidney. (aspetjournals.org)

In addition, renal tubular ability to transport sodium , potassium , and protons and concentrate and to dilute the urine is severely impaired. (wikidoc.org)
We found that this kidney transport protein also plays a very crucial role in the intestine, where it secretes oxalate and thereby limits how much of ingested oxalate is absorbed and then excreted in the urine. (yale.edu)
Urea and glycerol were able to enter the tubular urine along the entire nephron at rates which were commensurate with their molecular weights. (silverchair.com)

Local attraction of substrates and co-substrates enhances weak acid and base transmembrane transport, and principles in the attraction and facilitation of weak acid and base transport substrates, including monocarboxylates, ammonium, bicarbonate, and arsenite, plus protons as a co-substrate have been elucidated ( Epalle and Beitz 2022 ). (tcdb.org)
The movement of substances like bicarbonate between the blood and structures in the kidneys is called transport. (jaipurherald.in)
Primary metabolic acidoses that occur as a result of a marked increase in endogenous acid production (eg, lactic or keto acids) or progressive accumulation of endogenous acids when excretion is impaired by renal insufficiency are characterized by decreased plasma bicarbonate concentration and increased anion gap without hyperchloremia. (medscape.com)

Probenecid may not be effective in chronic renal insufficiency particularly when the glomerular filtration rate is 30 mL/minute or less. (nih.gov)
The rise in ureteral pressure leads to marked changes in glomerular filtration , tubular function, and renal blood flow . (wikidoc.org)

Transporters such as organic anion-transporting polypeptide 1A2, P-glycoprotein, human organic cation transporter 1, and multidrug and toxin extrusion protein 1 are involved in the pharmacokinetics of LVX. (dovepress.com)
Translational and basic science research are focused on the areas of acute kidney injury, epithelial oxalate transport, renal epithelial cell biology and amino acid metabolism, proteomics in nephrolithiasis and urinary exosomal studies of tubular cation transport. (uchicago.edu)

Cystinuria, with subsequent cystine urolith formation, results from a breed-related inherited disorder of renal tubular transport in dogs. (merckvetmanual.com)

Probenecid has been used in patients with some renal impairment, but dosage requirements may be increased. (nih.gov)
Because of its mechanism of action, probenecid is not recommended in conjunction with a penicillin in the presence of known renal impairment. (nih.gov)
Patients with moderate or severe renal impairment require dose interval adjustment of lamivudine and tenofovir disoproxil that cannot be achieved with the combination tablet (see sections 4.4 and 5.2). (who.int)

first, organic anions are transported from the peritubular plasma by basolateral organic anion transporter(s) and subsequently effluxed into the tubular lumen by luminal transporter(s). (aspetjournals.org)

5. The enhanced erythrocyte sodium transport, if this reflects what happens in the renal tubular cell, combined with a decrease in urinary sodium excretion, during treatment with recombinant human growth hormone could indicate an increase in tubular sodium reabsorption induced by the hormone. (portlandpress.com)

Because renal uptake likely plays a role in the etiology of cidofovir- and adefovir-associated nephrotoxicity, we attempted to identify a renal transporter capable of interacting with these therapeutics. (aspetjournals.org)
Importantly, both hOAT1 and rat renal organic anion transporter 1 (rROAT1) mediated saturable, probenecid-sensitive uptake of cidofovir, adefovir, and other nucleoside phosphonate antivirals. (aspetjournals.org)
Hence, inhibition of the active drug uptake into proximal tubular cells may provide an effective strategy to ameliorate the renal toxicity syndromes. (aspetjournals.org)
For example, N -benzoyl-β-alanine (betamipron) has been shown to reduce the nephrotoxicity of cephaloridine by inhibiting its tubular uptake ( Tune, 1997 ). (aspetjournals.org)

Using mice models, the scientists demonstrated that magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of hyperpolarized [1,4- 13 C 2 ]fumarate's metabolism can identify renal acute tubular necrosis in its early phase, when histological changes are minor. (chemistryviews.org)
The renal manifestations of acute lead poisoning are usually reversible after cessation of lead exposure and, if indicated, chelation therapy. (medscape.com)
Our basic science research portfolio is equally diverse, including investigations into acute kidney injury, epithelial oxalate transport and the microbiome, renal tubular transport defects and studies of amino acid metabolism in renal epithelia. (uchicago.edu)

Renal glucosuria can be inherited. (msdmanuals.com)
Renal glucosuria is asymptomatic and without serious sequelae. (msdmanuals.com)
With such findings, transport defects other than glucosuria should be sought. (msdmanuals.com)

This article covers the pathophysiology and causes of hyperchloremic metabolic acidoses, in particular the renal tubular acidoses (RTAs). (medscape.com)

It inhibits the tubular reabsorption of urate, thus increasing the urinary excretion of uric acid and decreasing serum urate levels. (nih.gov)

Increased urinary angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 in renal transplant patients with diabetes. (ohri.ca)
Our renal transplant program is the largest solid organ transplant program at University of Chicago with a variety of options for kidney transplantation. (uchicago.edu)

Most conditions that affect the kidneys cause a proportionate simultaneous loss of glomerular and tubular function. (medscape.com)

Total renal excretion of nitrogen in the forms of urea, ammonium, creatinine, and uric acid amounted to 16 ± 2 mg/min. (diabetesjournals.org)
This huge loss of body nitrogen reflected ongoing protein catabolism and not heightened renal excretion of preformed compounds, as the plasma concentrations of urea, creatinine, and uric acid did not change during the study. (diabetesjournals.org)

Understanding the molecular mechanisms governing mIBG transport in cancer and normal cells is a critical step for developing strategies to optimize the efficacy of 131 I-mIBG while minimizing toxicity in normal tissues. (aspetjournals.org)
To elucidate the molecular mechanisms for the tubular excretion of diuretics, we have elucidated the interactions of human organic anion transporters (hOATs) with diuretics using cells stably expressing hOATs. (aspetjournals.org)
Genomic discoveries have continued to provide new insights into the mechanisms facilitating transplacental bone mineral transport and unveil the causation of conditions previously thought to be idiopathic. (frontiersin.org)

Dosage should be decreased in dogs with renal insufficiency. (merckvetmanual.com)

Probenecid decreases both hepatic and renal excretion of sulfobromophtalein (BSP). (nih.gov)
Probenecid decreases both hepatic and renal excretion of sulfobromophthalein (BSP). (nih.gov)

There is predominantly interstitial deposit of calcium phosphate or calcium oxalate in the renal cortex and/or medulla. (medscape.com)
We found that "knockout" mice lacking one of these transport proteins have a high incidence of calcium oxalate urinary stones, the same type that is most common in human patients with kidney stones. (yale.edu)

Comparing this structure with a substrate-bound structure of the uracil transporter UraA in an inward-facing conformation allowed us to identify the anion-binding position in the AE1(CTD), and to propose a possible transport mechanism that could explain why selected mutations lead to disease. (rcsb.org)

Specifically, we will measure the activities of both anion exchanges (CI-formate and CI-oxalate) and recycling pathways (H+-coupled formate transport, Na/+- sulfate co-transport, oxalate-sulfate exchange) in renal brush border vesicles isolated from rats subjects to conditions that regulate proximal NaHCO/3 and NaCI reabsorption (eg. (grantome.com)

Nox and renal disease. (ohri.ca)
NADPH oxidase 5 and renal disease. (ohri.ca)
harrisons.unboundmedicine.com/harrisons/view/Harrisons-Manual-of-Medicine/623061/all/Chapter_146:_Renal_Tubular_Disease. (unboundmedicine.com)

Anatomy7

Diseases2

Chemicals and Drugs10

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment1

Phenomena and Processes9

Acidosis32

Tubules13

Secretion10

Fanconi3

Glucose8

Dysfunction2

Tubule8

Defect2

Disorders3

Atrophy3

Anion transport4

Urine3

Bicarbonate3

Glomerular filtration2

Cation2

Inherited disorder1

Impairment3

Lumen1

Sodium reabsorption1

Uptake4

Acute3

Glucosuria3

Metabolic1

Urinary excretion1

Transplant2

Kidneys1

Uric acid2

Mechanisms3

Insufficiency1

Hepatic2

Calcium oxalate2

Mechanism1

Oxalate1

Disease3