Regulator protein tyrosine phosphatase. Medical search. Frequent questions

Among these negative regulators, protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) are likely to play a pivotal role in IR signaling. (bioone.org)
Several protein-tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) have been proposed to act as negative regulators of insulin signaling. (rcsb.org)
Key negative regulators of this pathway include Suppressors of Cytokine Signaling (SOCS), Protein Inhibitors of Activated STATs (PIASs), and protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs). (creativebiomart.net)
Jak/STAT signaling is also regulated by numerous constitutively expressed PTPs that dephosphorylate important tyrosine residues on multiple components of the pathway, thereby attenuating Jak/STAT signaling. (creativebiomart.net)
Signal transduction of FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3) is regulated by protein-tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs). (nih.gov)
Protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) are critical regulators of cellular phosphorylation functioning in processes such as cell growth, differentiation, and adhesion. (umn.edu)
In adrenal cortex, ACTH regulation of steroidogenesis depends on PKA-dependent serine/threonine phosphorylation and also on the activity of protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs). (uchile.cl)
PSTPIP2 interacts with several signaling regulators, including PEST family protein tyrosine phosphatases (PEST-PTPs) and inositol. (nusl.cz)
Protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) catalyze the dephosphorylation of tyrosine-phosphorylated proteins and are negative regulators of tyrosine kinase receptor mediated signaling. (ajptonline.com)

The insulin receptor (IR) and JAK1 tyrosine kinases and STAT3 can serve as direct substrates for the T-cell protein tyrosine phosphatase (TCPTP). (diabetesjournals.org)
Project one: PTPN22 encodes the protein tyrosine phosphatase Lyp, a negative regulator of TCR signalling by dephosphorylation of Src family kinases. (bham.ac.uk)
Deregulation of receptor tyrosine kinases in human cancers can occur through positive activation of the receptor or through the loss of negative regulatory controls. (mcgill.ca)
Receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) play fundamental tasks in varied cell functions including proliferation differentiation survival migration and rate of metabolism (16). (exposed-skin-care.net)
Levels of cellular protein phosphorylation are modulated both by protein kinases and phosphatases. (rupress.org)
Although the importance of kinases in this process has long been recognized, an appreciation for the complex and fundamental role of phosphatases is more recent. (rupress.org)
Through extensive biochemical and genetic analysis, we now know that pathways are not simply switched on with kinases and off with phosphatases. (rupress.org)
Furthermore, kinases and phosphatases may work together to modulate the strength of a signal. (rupress.org)
Adding further complexity to this picture is the fact that both kinases and phosphatases can function in signaling networks where multiple kinases and phosphatases contribute to the outcome of a pathway. (rupress.org)
To fully understand this complex and essential regulatory process, the kinases and phosphatases mediating the changes in cellular phosphorylation must be identified and characterized. (rupress.org)
A variety of approaches, including biochemical purification, gene isolation by homology, and genetic screens, have been successfully used for the identification of putative protein kinases and phosphatases. (rupress.org)
CD45 glycoprotein is crucial in lymphocyte development and antigen signaling, serving as an important regulator of Src-family kinases. (exbio.cz)
Protein tyrosine phosphatases remove phosphates from the phosphotyrosine residues of target proteins and reverse the action of various protein tyrosine kinases. (mipt.ru)
This essential interplay between the opposing actions of protein tyrosine phosphatases and protein tyrosine kinases forms the basis of signaling networks that underlie the cellular workings of human physiology. (mipt.ru)
CD45 has been shown to be an essential regulator of T- and B-cell antigen receptor signaling and suppresses JAK kinases to regulate cytokine receptor signaling. (thermofisher.com)
Protein phosphorylation is a reversible and dynamic post-translational modification that is governed by the opposing activities of protein phosphatases and kinases. (rndsystems.com)
By counteracting the activities of kinases, phosphatases play an important role in the control of a wide variety of cellular functions including cell cycle checkpoints, responsiveness to growth factors, contact inhibition, and cellular motility. (rndsystems.com)

Here, we report that high levels of the striatal-enriched protein tyrosine phosphatase (STEP), a key regulator of ERK/MAPK signaling, are found in vulnerable somatostatin-immunoreactive hilar interneurons. (jneurosci.org)
Our data reveal that the vulnerable cells express high levels of striatal-enriched protein tyrosine phosphatase (STEP), which is a key regulator of the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathway. (jneurosci.org)
La protéine Striatal-Enriched Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase (STEP) joue un rôle important dans la régulation de la force synaptique, notamment par sa capacité à s'opposer au renforcement synaptique et à encourager la dépression à long terme. (umontreal.ca)
The Striatal-Enriched Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase (STEP) plays an important role in the regulation of synaptic strength, namely through its ability to oppose synaptic strengthening and encourage long term depression. (umontreal.ca)

The reversible phosphorylation of proteins on serine, threonine, and tyrosine residues represents a fundamental strategy used by eukaryotic organisms to regulate a host of biological functions, including DNA replication, cell cycle progression, energy metabolism, and cell growth and differentiation. (rupress.org)
Protein phosphorylation can regulate enzyme function, mediate protein-protein interactions, alter subcellular localization, and control protein stability. (rupress.org)
Together with PROTEIN-TYROSINE KINASE, it regulates tyrosine phosphorylation and dephosphorylation in cellular signal transduction and may play a role in cell growth control and carcinogenesis. (bvsalud.org)

Protein phosphatases remove phosphate groups covalently attached to serine, threonine, and tyrosine residues. (rndsystems.com)
The DUSP (dual-specificity phosphatase) domain of MK-STYX lacks critical histidine and cysteine residues in the active site motif (HCX5R), rendering it catalytically inactive. (wm.edu)
An enzyme group that specifically dephosphorylates phosphotyrosyl residues in selected proteins. (bvsalud.org)

Several inhibitors of the IR tyrosine kinase activity have recently been described and associated with human insulin resistance. (bioone.org)
Tie2 is an important regulator of vascular stability, and its down-regulation, through activation of two inhibitors VE-PTP and Ang-2, is found in patients with diabetes and other conditions. (aerpio.com)
Synthesis of Novel Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases 1b inhibitors 2, 5-disubstituted oxadiazole. (ajptonline.com)

A fly-human cross-species comparison of the phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K) interactome was conducted in a Drosophila S2R+ cell line and several NSCLC and human multiple myeloma cell lines to identify conserved interacting proteins to PI3K, a critical signaling regulator of the AKT pathway. (sdbonline.org)
Noonan syndrome and related disorders are caused by mutations in genes encoding for proteins of the RAS-ERK1/2 signaling pathway, which affect development by enhanced ERK1/2 activity. (sdbonline.org)
This study identified that the protein most commonly affected in Noonan syndrome, the phosphatase SHP2, known in Drosophila as corkscrew (CSW) , controls life span, triglyceride levels, and metabolism without affecting ERK signaling pathway. (sdbonline.org)
SOCS proteins, including SOCS1, SOCS2, SOCS3, and CIS, bind to activated Jaks and cytokine receptors, leading to their degradation or blocking the recruitment of downstream signaling molecules. (creativebiomart.net)
Negative regulators, such as SOCS proteins, act as tumor suppressors by inhibiting aberrant Jak/STAT signaling. (creativebiomart.net)
Instead, they propagate or modify the signals of these receptors by recruiting other signaling and regulatory proteins and arranging them into supramolecular complexes. (nusl.cz)
This conversion is promoted by the double inhibition (i.e., 2i) of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (Map2k), antagonizing Fgf signaling, and of glycogen synthase kinase 3 (Gsk3), stimulating the Wnt pathway. (bioone.org)
Two modes of SLAM signaling are likely to exist: one in which the inhibitor SH2D1A acts as a negative regulator and another in which protein-tyrosine phosphatase 2C (PTPN11)-dependent signal transduction operates. (biossusa.com)
Protein-tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) has been implicated as an important regulator in several signaling pathways including those initiated by insulin and leptin. (johnshopkins.edu)
We show that PTPRK acts via the transmembrane E3 ubiquitin ligase ZNRF3, a negative regulator of Wnt signaling promoting Wnt receptor degradation, which is also expressed in the organizer. (elifesciences.org)

Although the molecular mechanisms responsible for the selective vulnerability of these cells are not well understood, activation of the extracellular signal-regulated kinase/mitogen-activated protein kinase (ERK/MAPK) pathway has been implicated in neuroprotective responses to excitotoxicity in other neuronal populations. (jneurosci.org)
Along these lines, accumulating evidence shows that the p42/44 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway plays an important role in neuronal cell survival. (jneurosci.org)
The pseudophosphatase MK-STYX [MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinase) -phosphoserine/threonine/tyrosine-interacting protein] is an atypical MKP (MAPK phosphatase). (wm.edu)

Here we identify the tumor suppressor Protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor-type kappa (Ptprk), as a Wnt inhibitor of the Spemann organizer. (elifesciences.org)
Our discovery of PTPRK as a negative regulator of Wnt receptor turnover provides a rationale for its tumor suppressive function and reveals that in PTPRK-RSPO3 recurrent cancer fusions both fusion partners, in fact, encode ZNRF3 regulators. (elifesciences.org)

CD45 (LCA, leukocyte common antigen) is a receptor-type protein tyrosine phosphatase ubiquitously expressed in all nucleated hematopoietic cells, comprising approximately 10% of all surface proteins in lymphocytes. (exbio.cz)

The present findings suggest that local IFN production may interact with a genetic factor ( PTPN2 ) to induce aberrant proapoptotic activity of the BH3-only protein Bim, resulting in increased β-cell apoptosis via JNK activation and the intrinsic apoptotic pathway. (diabetesjournals.org)
The SOCS proteins are the primary regulators of the Jak/STAT pathway. (creativebiomart.net)
Fig.1 JAK-STAT pathway activation and its negative regulators. (creativebiomart.net)
Negative regulators employ diverse mechanisms to constrain the Jak/STAT pathway. (creativebiomart.net)
SOCS proteins are one of the major negative regulators of the Jak/STAT pathway. (creativebiomart.net)
Negative regulators of the Jak/STAT pathway play a critical role in modulating immune responses. (creativebiomart.net)
Negative regulators of the Jak/STAT pathway are essential for maintaining proper cellular homeostasis and preventing pathological conditions. (creativebiomart.net)
Creative BioMart offers a wide range of products and services related to Jak/STAT pathway research, including recombinant proteins, antibodies, and assay kits, to facilitate the study of these negative regulators and their potential applications in various fields. (creativebiomart.net)
Basic and clinical evidence over the last decade has implicated the tyrosine kinase receptor (Tie2) pathway as a promising therapeutic target. (retinaroundup.com)

The superfamily of proteins is also described vis-a-vis its complimentary protein phosphoserine/phosphoserine phosphatases. (mipt.ru)

Structure-based design, guided by PTP mutants and x-ray protein crystallography, was used to optimize a relatively weak, nonphosphorus, nonpeptide general PTP inhibitor (2-(oxalyl-amino)-benzoic acid) into a highly selective PTP1B inhibitor. (rcsb.org)
This project looked at the role of Lyp in primary human macrophages by using a competitive reversible inhibitor of Lyp protein activity. (bham.ac.uk)

This expression pattern is unique to this phosphatase since, in comparison, the structurally similar receptor PTP, LAR, and the intracellular PTP1B show little change during differentiation. (umn.edu)

Also important to the function of MKPs is the CH2 domain (cell division cycle 25 phosphatase homology 2 domain), which is interrupted by a KIM (kinase-interacting motif). (wm.edu)

STP, serine/threonine protein phosphatase. (rupress.org)
A currently investigated new aspect is the proline-rich, glutamic acid-rich, serine-rich and threonine-rich (PEST) family of protein tyrosine phosphatases as a critical regulator of cell adhesion and migration. (biomedcentral.com)

The mouse monoclonal antibody HI30 recognizes an extracellular epitope on all isoforms of human CD45 antigen (Leukocyte Common Antigen), a 180-220 kDa single chain type I transmembrane protein expressed at high level on all cells of hematopoietic origin, except erythrocytes and platelets. (exbio.cz)

TRPV6 is a membrane calcium (Ca2+) channel protein which is particularly involved in the first step in Ca2+absorption in the intestine. (wikipedia.org)
In the intestine, the protein is expressed on the brush-border membrane of enterocyte. (wikipedia.org)
Membrane adaptor proteins are proteins associated with cellular membranes that do not themselves serve as receptors. (nusl.cz)
In this thesis, I sought to describe selected membrane adaptor proteins and their roles in inflammation and regulation of hematopoiesis in mouse models using a reverse genetics approach. (nusl.cz)
The main part of the work focused on the role of the membrane adaptor protein PSTPIP2 in suppressing inflammation. (nusl.cz)
Ectodomain dropping has emerged as an important posttranslational mechanism to regulate the functions of various integral membrane-bound proteins including adhesion molecules cytokines growth factors and their receptors (57 60 Both. (exposed-skin-care.net)
GCA (grancalcin) is usually a cytosolic protein that is translocated to the granule membrane upon neutrophil activation [26,27]. (abic2004.org)
Membrane bound receptor forms and the cytosolic non-receptor protein tyrosine phosphatases have been described for their biological function. (mipt.ru)

Mutations in FLNA, which encodes the cytoskeletal protein FLNA, cause a spectrum of sclerosing skeletal dysplasias. (bvsalud.org)
In mice, missense mutations in the Pstpip2 gene causing loss of PSTPIP2 protein lead to the development of autoinflammatory disease chronic multifocal osteomyelitis (CMO) characterized by sterile inflammatory lesions in the bones and adjacent soft tissue. (nusl.cz)
Convincing evidence shows the role of mutations in these proteins to cause and/or intensify the severity of various diseases including metabolic and neurological disorders and also cancer. (mipt.ru)

Though there are many known substrates and regulators of STEP, the full range of STEP interactions remains to be discovered. (umontreal.ca)
The PSTPIP1 is a cytoskeleton-associated adaptor protein that links PEST-type phosphatases to their substrates. (biomedcentral.com)

Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycaemia and alterations in carbohydrate, lipid, and protein metabolism, associated with absolute or relative deficiencies in insulin secretion and/or insulin action [ 1 ]. (hindawi.com)

these proteins were only acknowledged to maintain a steady background of phosphotyrosine levels in the cell. (mipt.ru)

Validation experiments with knockdown of GAB2 and Far-Western blots proved the direct interaction of SHP2 with p85, independent of adaptor proteins and transfected FLAG-p85 provided evidence that SHP2 binding on p85 occurred on the SH2 domains. (sdbonline.org)

These regulatory proteins also modulate the DNA-binding properties of STATs by facilitating SUMOylation of the dimers. (creativebiomart.net)

It is a highly dynamic process that leads to an asymmetric distribution of cytoskeletal networks, cell organelles, protein complexes and signalling pathways, which is reflected in the typical polarised cell shape. (nusl.cz)
Despite this, MK-STYX has been shown to be a regulator of multiple pathways, including stress response, apoptosis, and neurite formation, and has been implicated in various cancers. (wm.edu)

Noonan syndrome (NS) and NS with multiple lentigines (NSML) cognitive dysfunction are linked to SH2 domain-containing protein tyrosine phosphatase-2 (SHP2) gain-of-function (GoF) and loss-of-function (LoF), respectively. (sdbonline.org)

Lyp was found to be a negative regulator of reactive oxygen species production. (bham.ac.uk)

Unlike the KIM of its MKP active homologs, MK-STYX lacks consecutive arginines for binding MKP target proteins. (wm.edu)

Protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks and modules were constructed to identify hub genes with the Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes/Proteins (STRING) and Cytoscape. (researchsquare.com)

CD45 protein exists as multiple isoforms as a result of alternative splicing, differ in their extracellular domains but share identical transmembrane and cytoplasmic domains. (thermofisher.com)

STATT is a negative regulator that specifically targets STAT3. (creativebiomart.net)
Additionally, STATT can recruit protein phosphatases to dephosphorylate and inactivate STAT3, further attenuating its activity. (creativebiomart.net)

Dysregulation of these negative regulators can lead to autoimmune diseases, chronic inflammation, and immunodeficiency. (creativebiomart.net)

PIAS proteins are another class of negative regulators that exert their inhibitory effects by directly interacting with activated STATs. (creativebiomart.net)
Negative regulators ensure proper control and timing of these processes. (creativebiomart.net)
We recently identified the PTP DEP-1/CD148/PTPRJ as a novel negative regulator of FLT3. (nih.gov)
Downstream of Tie2, an intracellular phosphatase (vascular endothelial-protein tyrosine phosphatase, VE-PTP), also functions as a negative regulator of Tie2 activity. (retinaroundup.com)
Gas6 is the product of growth arrest-specific gene 6 which was in the beginning cloned from serum-starved fibroblasts and shares about CUDC-305 (DEBIO-0932 ) 44% sequence identity and related website organization with protein S a negative regulator of blood coagulation (48). (exposed-skin-care.net)

A common heterophilic ligand for these RTK family members is definitely Gas6 a vitamin K-dependent protein that is widely secreted by most cells including the lungs intestine Serping1 and vascular endothelium (43). (exposed-skin-care.net)

PTP4A2 protein interacts with the beta-subunit of Rab geranylgeranyltransferase II (beta GGT II), therefore has a role as a regulator of GGT II activity. (glpbio.cn)

In this study, we showed that receptor-type PTPϵ (PTPϵM) dephosphorylated IR in rat primary hepatocytes and tyrosines 972, 1158, 1162 and 1163 were primary targets of PTPϵM. (bioone.org)
These data revealed an unexpected direct binding of Corkscrew, the Drosophila ortholog of the non-receptor protein tyrosine phosphatase type II (SHP2) to the Pi3k21B (p60) regulatory subunit of PI3K (p50/p85 human ortholog) but no association with Pi3k92e , the human ortholog of the p110 catalytic subunit. (sdbonline.org)

We will continue to identify key regulators of epithelial cell motility and invasion. (mcgill.ca)

Our work in the past few years has uncovered an important regulator of invasive cell growth, the Met receptor tyrosine kinase. (mcgill.ca)

Tyrosine nitration is an oxidative post-translational modification that can occur in proteins associated to hydrophobic bio-structures such as membranes and lipoproteins. (uchile.cl)

Tyrosine is an amino acid related to crucial physiological events and its oxidation, that produce beneficial or detrimental effects on biological systems, has been extensively studied. (uchile.cl)

The p85-SHP2 association was validated in human cell lines, and formed a ternary regulatory complex with GRB2-associated-binding protein 2 (human GAB2 but not Drosophila Dos ). (sdbonline.org)

It also influences the metabolism of fat and protein. (nutrivore.com)

TRPV6 protein bears a 40-a.a-long N-terminal extension in placenta and in some physiological settings in comparison to the annotated version of the protein used in biological studies. (wikipedia.org)

Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid subfamily member 6 (TRPV6) is an epithelial Ca2+ channel that belongs to the transient receptor potential family (TRP) of proteins. (wikipedia.org)
The TRP family is a group of channel proteins critical for ionic homeostasis and the perception of various physical and chemical stimuli. (wikipedia.org)
PTP4A2 is part of a small class of the protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) family. (glpbio.cn)

Anatomy20

Organisms10

Diseases3

Chemicals and Drugs145

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment21

Phenomena and Processes53

Disciplines and Occupations1

Information Science3

PTPs9

Kinases17

Striatal-enriched protein tyrosine ph4

Phosphorylation3

Residues3

Inhibitors3

Signaling10

Mitogen-activa3

Tumor2

Receptor-type protein1

Pathway9

SuperFamily1

Inhibitor2

PTP1B1

Homology1

Serine2

Transmembrane protein1

Membrane8

Mutations3

Substrates2

Insulin1

Phosphotyrosine1

Adaptor proteins1

Modulate1

Pathways2

Noonan1

Reactive oxygen1

Target proteins1

Genes proteins1

Cytoplasmic1

STAT32

Autoimmune1

Negative5

Vascular1

Interacts1

Type2

Motility1

Important1

Oxidative1

Amino acid1

Regulatory1

Metabolism1

Biological1

Family3