Regulator of mitochondrial biogenesis. Medical search. Frequent questions

Thus, mitochondrial adaptive cellular processes are important for physiological responses, including to nutrient availability, temperature and physical activity, and their failure leads to diseases associated with mitochondrial dysfunction such as metabolic and age-associated diseases and cancer. (nature.com)
Mitochondrial dysfunction has been associated with many diseases, including neurogegeneration, diabetes and cancer, although its exact role in the development of these diseases remains controversial. (nih.gov)
These changes mimic those observed in diabetes and insulin resistance and, if sustained, may result in mitochondrial dysfunction in the prediabetic/insulin-resistant state. (diabetesjournals.org)
Our data suggests a switch in cardiac substrate utilization and mitochondrial dysfunction during RVF. (ersjournals.com)
Under pathophysiological conditions, mitochondrial dysfunction results in overproduction of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) and further stimulates nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) activity, thus leading to cellular damage and tissue dysfunction [ 2 , 3 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
A wealth of studies now confirm that PQQ's cell-signaling activity translates into substantial protection against degenerative and age-related conditions, such as mitochondrial dysfunction, 1 heart degeneration, 18-20 brain injury, and cognitive decline. (lifeextension.com)
In addition to these performance benefits, mitochondrial biogenesis stimulation can play an important role as an adaptive mechanism in the response cells have to different stressors as well as provide a protective mechanism against a broad range of acute and chronic diseases that are often manifested by mitochondrial dysfunction. (tigerfitness.com)
Based on our work to date, we are also interested in understanding myocardial mitochondrial and vascular dysfunction as these have the potential to serve as novel therapeutic targets. (stanford.edu)

Mitochondrial energetic adaptations encompass a plethora of conserved processes that maintain cell and organismal fitness and survival in the changing environment by adjusting the respiratory capacity of mitochondria. (nature.com)
1 Another has observed, "[m]itochondrial biogenesis [the creation of new mitochondria] is a key physiological process that is required for normal growth and development and for maintenance of ongoing cellular energy requirements during aging. (totalhealthmagazine.com)
2 These observations link two key aspects of mitochondrial health, preventing and removing damaged mitochondria ( mitophagy ) and creating new mitochondria ( mitogenesis ). (totalhealthmagazine.com)
In terms of mitochondria biogenesis, these include caloric restriction, certain nutrient restrictions or shortages, caloric restriction mimetics, and exercise. (totalhealthmagazine.com)
Along with SIRT1, AMPK activates the biogenesis of new mitochondria to enable the cell to generate more energy. (totalhealthmagazine.com)
In this scheme, healthy subjects have a high BHI with a high bioenergetic reserve capacity, high ATP-linked respiration (AL) and low proton leak (PL). The population of mitochondria is maintained by regenerative biogenesis. (epiphanyasd.com)
In addition, chronic metabolic stress also promotes mitochondrial superoxide generation leading to increased oxidative stress, which can amplify mitochondrial damage, the population of unhealthy mitochondria and basal cellular energy requirements. (epiphanyasd.com)
The persistence of unhealthy mitochondria damages the mtDNA, which impairs the integrity of the biogenesis programme, leading to a progressive deterioration in bioenergetic function, which we propose can be identified by changes in different parameters of the bioenergetics profile and decreasing BHI. (epiphanyasd.com)
These benefits have been seen through modulation of mitochondrial biogenesis pathways, mitochondrial membrane potential, oxidative respiration and ATP anabolism, and mitochondria induced apoptosis. (tigerfitness.com)
One in vivo study performed on rats' response to quercetin administration over the course of 7 days looked at changes in mitochondrial biogenesis (formation of new mitochondria) in skeletal muscle and brain, and on endurance exercise tolerance. (tigerfitness.com)
Research shows that PQQ enhances energy production by encouraging mitochondrial biogenesis and helps defend against free radicals in the nervous system as well as the mitochondria. (vestanutra.com)
Supplementation with PQQ can promote Mitochondrial Biogenesis, the creation of new mitochondria. (vestanutra.com)

Fig. 2: Transcriptional control of mitochondrial biogenesis through PGC1α. (nature.com)
Here we show that the mitochondrial biogenesis regulator, PGC1α, is a pivotal determinant of renal recovery from injury by regulating nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) biosynthesis. (nih.gov)
Given the importance of mitochondrial health in ageing and the function of metabolically active organs, the results implicate NAM and NAD as key effectors for achieving PGC1α-dependent stress resistance. (nih.gov)
In addition to the cellular energy sensor AMP kinase, the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor cofactors PGC1α ( 5 , 6 , 7 ) and possibly PGC1β ( 8 ) activate mitochondrial biogenesis and increase OXPHOS gene expression by increasing the transcription, translation, and activation of the transcription factors necessary for mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) replication. (diabetesjournals.org)
Exercise increased citrate synthase and mitochondrial complex I activity, subunits of mitochondrial complexes (I, II, and V) and PGC1α at protein level in kidney of db/db + Ex mice compared with non-exercise db/db mice. (biomedcentral.com)
PGC1α is actually a get good at regulator of mitochondrial biogenesis. (bio-cavagnou.info)
Transcriptional profiling of sequential purified populations revealed failure to upregulate genes critical for mitochondrial function such as Pgc1β, Alas2, and Abcb7 specifically at the block, together with disturbed heme production and iron transport. (lu.se)
Notably, deregulated ABCB7 causes ring sideroblastic anemia in MDS patients, and the mitochondrial co-activator PGC1β is heterozygously lost in del5q MDS. (lu.se)

Nano-titanium dioxide (nano -TiO2), though one of the most utilized and produced engineered nanomaterial s (ENMs), diminishes cardiovascular function through dysregulation of metabolism and mitochondrial bioenergetics following inhalation exposure. (cdc.gov)
Since a metabolic switch has been reported for left heart failure, we sought to describe any potential changes in cardiac fuel metabolism and mitochondrial function in RVF. (ersjournals.com)
PQQ is now linked to favorable effects on cell development, metabolism, and mitochondrial biogenesis. (lifeextension.com)
The MYC proto-oncogene serves as a rheostat coupling mitogenic signaling with the activation of genes regulating growth, metabolism and mitochondrial biogenesis. (oncotarget.com)

Chronic metabolic stress induces damage in the mitochondrial respiratory machinery by progressively decreasing mitochondrial function and this manifests as low ATP-linked respiration, low reserve capacity and high non-mitochondrial (e.g. (epiphanyasd.com)

MiRNA-378a-3p acts as a negative regulator of mitochondrial metabolic and biogenesis pathways. (cdc.gov)
In particular, ESRR alpha (ESRRa) and ESRR gamma (ESRRg) are key metabolic regulators of energy homeostasis and abnormal functions of these proteins are linked to metabolic syndromes including diabetes and fatty liver disease 5 . (nature.com)
In the last few years, it has been evidenced different metabolic pathways driving the phenotype of Treg cells, which require mitochondrial integrity and metabolism for exerting their functions. (fapesp.br)

Herein, we address the complex crosstalk that involves mitochondrial biogenesis, mitochondrial destabilization accompanied by mitophagy, and cell death. (hindawi.com)
Crosstalk between mitochondrial biogenesis and mitophagy to maintain mitochondrial homeostasis. (bvsalud.org)
Mitochondrial mass and quality are tightly regulated by two essential and opposing mechanisms, mitochondrial biogenesis (mitobiogenesis) and mitophagy , in response to cellular energy needs and other cellular and environmental cues . (bvsalud.org)
During normal metabolism, a sub-healthy mitochondrial population, still capable of meeting the energetic demand of the cell, accumulates functional defects, which can be repaired or turned over by mitophagy. (epiphanyasd.com)

AMP-Activated Protein Kinase (AMPK) is a master regulator of cellular energy status. (alliedacademies.org)
AMPK also plays a role in mitochondrial biogenesis and function. (alliedacademies.org)
To gain further insight into how impaired mitochondrial FAO affects skeletal muscle metabolism in a chronic setting we analyzed the activation from the energy sensor AMP-activated proteins kinase (AMPK) and mRNA appearance of genes mixed up in legislation of energy and lipid fat burning capacity mitochondrial biogenesis and function. (bio-cavagnou.info)

These changes can promote mitochondrial biogenesis and membrane dynamics that in turn support mitochondrial respiration. (nature.com)
Cardiac function, utilizing the Vevo 2100 Imaging System, electron transport chain complex activities, and mitochondrial respiration assessed cardiac and mitochondrial function. (cdc.gov)

Recent studies have identified the transcriptional coactivator peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator-1 (PGC-1) as a regulator of mitochondrial function in tissues specialized for thermogenesis, such as brown adipose. (jci.org)
The role of ESRRa in cellular metabolism is largely dependent on its transcriptional regulation of mitochondrial function and biogenesis through collaboration with the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator-1 alpha (PGC1a) 6 . (nature.com)
Lipin-1 and -2 have a second function as transcriptional co-activators acting in a complex with transcriptional regulators called peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-coactivator-1α (PGC-1α) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α (PPARα) [1,3] (Fig. 1). (aocs.org)

PGC-1α provides a direct link between external physiological stimuli and the regulation of mitochondrial biogenesis, and is a major factor causing slow-twitch rather than fast-twitch muscle fiber types. (wikipedia.org)
Fig. 1: Regulation of mitochondrial respiratory capacity. (nature.com)
This proposal tests the paradigm-shifting hypothesis that mitochondrial-derived proteins (MPDs) play a previously unappreciated role in the regulation of cellular and organismal function, and that disregulation of MDPs is important in disease development. (nih.gov)
Taking into account the relevance of PGC1a in the regulation of mitochondrial activity and integrity, in addition to the importance of oxidative metabolism for Treg cell function, this project aims to investigate how PGC1a connects the regulation of cellular metabolism to the generation and function of Treg cells in homeostasis and tumor context. (fapesp.br)
In this study, we have used biochemical, genetic, and molecular biology approaches to understand carbon source dependent regulation of mitochondrial biogenesis and gluconeogenesis in yeast. (uno.edu)
Overall, this project will dissect the link between mitochondrial and ALP dysfunctions in PD and aim to exploit regulation of the MiT pathway as pharmacological target against PD and related neurodegenerative diseases. (eurac.edu)
However, the pathophysiology remains to be fully described, and further characterization of the link between cell cycle regulation and mitochondrial function is needed. (lu.se)

In Chapter I, we show that casein kinase I protein Hrr25 negatively regulates Puf3 by mediating its phosphorylation to support mitochondrial biogenesis under low glucose conditions. (uno.edu)

The set of 319 PSGs contains regulators of mTOR and is enriched in functional terms associated with (i) processes that are regulated by the mTOR pathway, e.g. translation, autophagy and mitochondrial biogenesis, (ii) the immune system and (iii) antioxidant defense. (biorxiv.org)
The Microphthalmia-associated Transcription Factor (MiT) family proteins (MITF, TFEB, TFE3, TFEC) are considered master regulators of autophagy and lysosomal biogenesis and their activity is regulated in response to nutrient availability, therefore connecting cellular metabolism with ALP function. (eurac.edu)

Today, the importance of mitochondrial biology linking basic aspects of aging and the pathogenesis of age-related diseases remains strong, yet the emphasis has changed. (totalhealthmagazine.com)

MiRNA-378a knockout animals provide a protective effect against nano-TiO2 inhalation exposure by altering mitochondrial structure and function. (cdc.gov)
The biogenesis of most proteins in the mitochondrial matrix and the inner membrane relies on the function of the TIM23 complex. (frontiersin.org)
which underlies the importance of TIM23 to mitochondrial function. (frontiersin.org)
Cardiac mitochondrial function is altered in a variety of inherited and acquired cardiovascular diseases. (jci.org)
Obesity and type 2 diabetes have been associated with a high-fat diet (HFD) and reduced mitochondrial mass and function. (diabetesjournals.org)
We hypothesized a HFD may affect expression of genes involved in mitochondrial function and biogenesis. (diabetesjournals.org)
At the molecular and structural level, mitochondrial biogenesis and mitochondrial function are altered in diabetes, as well as in insulin-resistant relatives of type 2 diabetic subjects ( 1 , 2 ). (diabetesjournals.org)
In the two past decades, it has been hypothesized that IR is mediated by deficiency of mitochondrial function in skeletal muscle [ 8 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
These signaling pathways regulate a variety of physiological and molecular processes throughout the body 10 -processes that have an impact on key biomarkers of aging , such as mitochondrial function 11-16 and cellular defense against oxidative stress. (lifeextension.com)
Reintroducing PQQ to their diet reversed these effects, increasing mitochondrial numbers and restoring systemic function. (lifeextension.com)
In Chapter III, we determined the function of mitochondrial proteins, Aim11 and Iai11, which are transcriptionally regulated by Fkh1/2 transcription factors. (uno.edu)
Perturbation of mitochondrial function using a number of conventional and novel inhibitors resulted in the decreased expression of MYC mRNA. (oncotarget.com)
Our data demonstrates the existence of a homeostasis mechanism whereby mitochondrial function controls MYC expression. (oncotarget.com)
Genes encoding proteins involved in cell growth, metabolism, ribosome biogenesis, protein synthesis and mitochondrial function have all be defined as potential MYC targets. (oncotarget.com)
These benefits, along with more promising studies being conducted, show how effective quercetin supplementation can be in improving mitochondrial function and enhancing the human bodies overall performance. (tigerfitness.com)
NMN supplementation has a wide range of benefits that has an influence on nearly all body system functions, from brain and cardiovascular improvements, suppression of age-related adipose tissue inflammation, neuroprotection, hormonal health, mitochondrial function, enhancing muscle endurance and strength, and longevity. (tigerfitness.com)
PQQ is a key regulator of cellular function and is involved in the signal transduction process involved in cellular growth, development, differentiation, and survival. (vestanutra.com)
In conclusion, lack of pRb results in MDS-like anemia with disrupted differentiation and impaired mitochondrial function at the orthochromatic erythroblast stage. (lu.se)

Correspondingly, most cancer signaling pathways seem to converge on one or more TFs, termed "master regulators" (MRs) [ 4 ], which direct tumor development, progression, and metastasis through hierarchical control of gene expression patterns. (aging-us.com)

SIRT1 binds and activates PGC-1α through deacetylation inducing gluconeogenesis without affecting mitochondrial biogenesis. (wikipedia.org)
SIRT1 deacetylates and activates PGC-1α, promoting mitochondrial biogenesis and oxidative metabolism. (alliedacademies.org)

Mice lacking mitochondrial uncoupling protein are cold-sensitive but not obese. (nature.com)

Fig. 4: Post-translational mechanisms governing respiratory control and the role of mitochondrial membrane dynamics. (nature.com)
Many of the mechanisms that activate mitochondrial biogenesis in the face of hormesis have been elucidated. (totalhealthmagazine.com)

PGC-1α is also the primary regulator of liver gluconeogenesis, inducing increased gene expression for gluconeogenesis. (wikipedia.org)
These mitochondrial responses are governed by general principles of regulatory biology exemplified by changes in gene expression, protein translation, protein complex formation, transmembrane transport, enzymatic activities and metabolite levels. (nature.com)
Not only are miRNA global regulators of gene expression, but also miRNA-based therapeutics provide a realistic treatment modality. (cdc.gov)
A large number of E-box containing genes have been identified underlying the important role of MYC as a master regulator of gene expression [ 2 ]. (oncotarget.com)
The developmental gradient in monocot leaves has been exploited to uncover leaf developmental gene expression programs and chloroplast biogenesis processes. (biomedcentral.com)
Using a network reconstruction algorithm, we predict that known chloroplast gene expression regulators are differentially involved across those developmental stages. (biomedcentral.com)

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC1a) acts as an important regulator of oxidative metabolism, biogenesis and mitochondrial dynamics through the activation of different transcription factors, being widely described in tissues with high energy demand. (fapesp.br)

Fig. 3: Translational control of mitochondrial respiratory chain assembly. (nature.com)

In this regard, we aimed to investigate the effect of high fat induced T2DM on mitochondrial markers of skeletal muscle, and an herbal component along with endurance exercise, as probable treatments, in AGE-rich high-fat diet (AGEs-HFD) induced T2DM mice. (biomedcentral.com)
We then examined the relative expression of several mitochondrial markers, including Ppargc1α, Tfam, and electron transport chain genes and ATP levels, in skeletal muscle samples. (biomedcentral.com)

Free fatty acids are oxidized in the mitochondrial beta-oxidation pathway to produce acetyl-CoA, which is further metabolized through the Krebs cycle and the mitochondrial respiratory chain, resulting in adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production. (medscape.com)

Combined, these results suggest a mechanism whereby HFD downregulates genes necessary for OXPHOS and mitochondrial biogenesis. (diabetesjournals.org)
During this process, glycolysis is enhanced, while mitochondrial metabolism and OXPHOS are weakened. (biomedcentral.com)

The insulin signaling pathway is a central regulator of energy metabolism, particularly in the context of glucose homeostasis. (alliedacademies.org)
This project aims at shedding light on a potential mechanistic role of the MiT transcription factor pathway in relation to cellular and mitochondrial health in the etiology of PD and seeks to identify novel targets with the capacity to upregulate the MiT pathway and to increase degradation of aggregates and defective organelles, which may serve as therapeutic approach. (eurac.edu)
High-throughput screens will aim to discover novel regulators of the MiT pathway, possibly independent of the canonical mTOR pathway. (eurac.edu)
This pathway includes genes such as PGC-1 which is known as the master regulator of mitochondrial biogenesis and other genes regulating fat and energy metabolism. (kepalacinta.com)

MiRNA-378a regulated proteins involved in mitochondrial fusion, transcription, and fatty acid metabolism. (cdc.gov)
The highly significant overexpression of mitochondrial markers may be in response to free fatty acid overload. (biomedcentral.com)
In contrast, recent studies have demonstrated that high fat diet (HFD) may intensify mitochondrial biogenesis -via Ppargc1α and Tfam as the main regulators of mitochondrial biogenesis -and oxidative metabolism markers by increasing fatty acid oxidative capacity to handle this situation [ 9 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
PGC-1α and PPARα are both master regulators of genes involved in mitochondrial biogenesis and fatty acid oxidation, respectively [reviewed in 6]. (aocs.org)

Great strides have been made to uncover key regulators of these complex processes. (bvsalud.org)
These newly seen benefits have put emphasis on quercetins ability to effect mitochondrial processes in vitro. (tigerfitness.com)
It reveals functionally distinct plastid and chloroplast development stages, identifies processes occurring in each of them, and highlights our very limited knowledge of the earliest drivers of plastid biogenesis, while providing a basis for their future identification. (biomedcentral.com)
Chloroplast biogenesis involves a multiplicity of processes. (biomedcentral.com)

All mitochondrial markers, including Ppargc1a, Tfam, Cpt2, and electron transport chain genes, were upregulated in T2DM group compared to controls with no significant changes in the ATP levels. (biomedcentral.com)

Loss of SIRT1 is associated with upregulation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-α (PGC-1α) and NF-κB acetylation, thereby impairing mitochondrial biogenesis and triggering inflammation in T2DM [ 6 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
SIRT1 regulates metabolism and inflammation in various tissues [ 4 ] which can be the key regulator of exercise-mediated protection against diabetes at tissue level. (biomedcentral.com)

It stimulates mitochondrial biogenesis by activating peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1 alpha (PGC-1α), a master regulator of mitochondrial biogenesis. (alliedacademies.org)

The TIM23 complex is a hub for translocation of preproteins into or across the mitochondrial inner membrane. (frontiersin.org)

The proto-oncogene c- MYC (referred to as MYC ) represents a master regulator via integration of external mitogenic signaling with the activation of genes required for cell cycle progression [ 1 ]. (oncotarget.com)

PQQ is designed to help support optimal mitochondrial biogenesis, which is critical for the promotion of healthy aging, optimal energy production, and protection from reactive oxygen species (oxidative stress). (vestanutra.com)

At higher doses, cells undergo mitochondrial destabilization due to calcium release from the endoplasmic reticulum, and die. (hindawi.com)

Most mitochondrial markers were downregulated by drug treatment compared to T2DM, but the ATP level was not significantly altered. (biomedcentral.com)
All mitochondrial markers were upregulated in exercised group compared to T2DM with mild increase in the ATP level. (biomedcentral.com)
The Ex + SGTC group had moderate level of mitochondrial markers compared to T2DM, but the highest ATP production. (biomedcentral.com)

Differentiation involves morphogenesis but also cell-appropriate organelle biogenesis programs. (biomedcentral.com)
It is not dissimilar to the gradient of proliferation and differentiation along developing roots [ 2 ] but, in contrast, it provides a unique opportunity to study chloroplast biogenesis and differentiation. (biomedcentral.com)

PGC-1α is the master regulator of mitochondrial biogenesis. (wikipedia.org)
Identification of master regulator (MR) genes offers a relatively rapid and efficient way to characterize disease-specific molecular programs. (aging-us.com)
Focusing on computational and statistical aspects of MR discovery, the ARACNe-MRA (Algorithm for the Reconstruction of Accurate Cellular Networks-Master Regulator Analysis) method has shown competent performance in this regard [ 4 ]. (aging-us.com)
You may recall from earlier posts that PGC-1α is the master regulator of mitochondrial biogenesis. (epiphanyasd.com)

This phenomenon is called carbon catabolite repression, which is relieved when glucose is limiting, and alternate carbon source utilization is achieved by an increase in mitochondrial biogenesis (oxidative catabolism) and the upregulation of TCA cycle and gluconeogenesis. (uno.edu)

Sirtuins, a family of NAD+-dependent deacetylases, have emerged as critical regulators of cellular energy metabolism. (alliedacademies.org)

Erythropoiesis is intimately coupled to cell division, and deletion of the cell cycle regulator retinoblastoma protein (pRb) causes anemia in mice. (lu.se)

Recently PPARGC1A has been implicated as a potential therapy for Parkinson's disease conferring protective effects on mitochondrial metabolism. (wikipedia.org)

What Promotes Mitochondrial Biogenesis? (totalhealthmagazine.com)

The authors implicate great promises for PQQ as a therapeutic, "PQQ would appear to have a therapeutic potential similar to resveratrol, genistein, hydroxytyrosol, quercetin, or other compounds that can induce mitochondrial biogenesis. (vestanutra.com)

Anatomy40

Organisms9

Diseases11

Chemicals and Drugs107

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment18

Phenomena and Processes69

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena2

Information Science3

Health Care1

Dysfunction8

Mitochondria12

PGC18

Metabolism and mitochondrial4

Decreasing mitochondrial function1

Metabolic3

Mitophagy4

AMPK3

Respiration2

Transcriptional3

Regulation7

Support mitochondrial1

Autophagy2

Importance of mitochondrial1

Function18

Pathways1

Activates2

Uncoupling protein1

Mechanisms2

Gene6

Dynamics1

Translational1

Skeletal2

Respiratory chain1

OXPHOS2

Pathway4

Fatty4

Processes4

TFAm1

Inflammation2

Stimulates1

Membrane1

Genes required1

Oxidative stress1

Endoplasmic reticulum1

T2DM3

Differentiation2

Master4

Utilization1

Cellular energy1

Mice1

Parkinson's1

Promotes1

Quercetin1