• Cdc37 Expression in Multiple Myeloma and Its Role in Cell Proliferation]. (nih.gov)
  • Research program of the laboratory is aimed primary at small molecules that regulate cell division cycle, proliferation and growth of both plant and animal cells. (cas.cz)
  • Combined treatment with selumetinib and a dose of palbociclib sufficient to reinforce G1 arrest in selumetinib-sensitive cells, but not to impair proliferation of resistant cells, delays the emergence of resistant colonies, meaning that escape from G1 arrest is critical in the formation of resistant clones. (babraham.ac.uk)
  • During cellularisation,and at later stages of development, aberrant cell division and localised domains of cell proliferation are apparent in glo1-1 endosperms. (biologists.com)
  • A mutation in this gene resulting in reduced cell proliferation, and impaired cell motility and polarity, and has been identified in patients with primary microcephaly. (cancerindex.org)
  • MicroRNAs control the levels of numerous cell cycle regulators that controls cell proliferation. (ukessays.com)
  • Direct invasion by carcinoma cells of the stromal compartment involves active proteolysis effected principally by matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), while degrading the BM and other ECM that lie in the path of invading tumor cells, MMP-expressing cells also liberate growth factors that are sequestered there, thereby fostering cancer cell proliferation. (medscape.com)
  • AtRBR1 plays a central role in the mechanism controlling meristem cell differentiation, cell fate establishment and cell fate maintenance during organogenesis and gametogenesis. (nih.gov)
  • The Draviam lab aims to understand the molecular principles that govern cell division and the consequence of its failure when cells transition between states during differentiation. (qmul.ac.uk)
  • Together with MSD, the project aims to focus on developing AI methods to track iPSC (induced Pluripotent Stem Cells) differentiation to neural precursors, astrocytes and neurons. (qmul.ac.uk)
  • During the process of differentiation, quiescence and senescence are two cell dormancy states with distinct cell fates and transcriptomic statuses. (qmul.ac.uk)
  • Gata-3 is an essential regulator of mammary-gland morphogenesis and luminal-cell differentiation. (edu.au)
  • Cell fate decisions within these hierarchical brain cell lineages are tightly controlled and irreversible: e.g. cells in the state of differentiation will not turn into progenitor cells or stem cells. (stanford.edu)
  • This is especially true for malignant glioma cells, which simultaneously express markers of different lineages and states exhibiting incomplete differentiation. (stanford.edu)
  • As a consequence, cell fate acquisition and subsequent differentiation of endosperm tissues are affected to varying degrees of severity. (biologists.com)
  • Neuronal differentiation and cell-cycle programs mediate response to BET-bromodomain inhibition in MYC-driven medulloblastoma. (cancerindex.org)
  • Let-7 Let-7 has an essential role in cell cycle and the differentiation of cell cycle terminals. (ukessays.com)
  • Also, under/over-expression studies of the master regulator Oct4 have revealed that some self-renewal/pluripotency as well as differentiation genes are expressed in a biphasic manner with respect to the concentration of Oct4. (lu.se)
  • The model also predicts that reprogramming the network from a differentiated state, in particular the endoderm state, into a stem cell state, is best achieved by over-expressing Nanog, rather than by suppression of differentiation genes such as Gata-6. (lu.se)
  • These reflect the differentiation between the immature B-cell of chronic lymphocytic leukemia and the plasma cell of multiple myeloma. (medscape.com)
  • We demonstrate that glycolysis-mediated differentiation of HE toward primitive erythroid hematopoiesis is dependent on the epigenetic regulator LSD1. (lu.se)
  • Our findings reveal that during EHT, metabolism is a major regulator of primitive versus definitive hematopoietic differentiation. (lu.se)
  • Analyzing the subcellular distribution of the mutant proteins as well as their ability to support division site placement, we identified four clusters of residues that are important for MipZ activity. (mpg.de)
  • This complex targets other proteins to be broken down (degraded) by the cell when they are no longer needed. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Protein degradation is a normal process that removes damaged or unnecessary proteins and helps maintain the normal functions of cells. (medlineplus.gov)
  • I am a plant cell biologist and protein biochemist at Oxford Brookes University with expertise in the structure and function of the plant endoplasmic reticulum (ER), membrane proteins and auxin biosynthesis using biochemical techniques as well as high-resolution live cell imaging. (brookes.ac.uk)
  • A cells cycle is positively regulated promoting progress through the stages via the interaction of two classes of proteins found in the cytoplasm. (jove.com)
  • Following this analysis, Jacob and Monod proposed a series of new concepts, those of messenger RNA, regulator genes, operons and allosteric proteins. (nobelprize.org)
  • The mechanism, which is based on the synthesis and degradation of three ''master regulator'' proteins (CtrA, GcrA, and DnaA), is converted into a quantitative model, in order to study the temporal dynamics of these and other cell cycle proteins. (ebi.ac.uk)
  • Since many of the proteins involved in regulating the cell cycle of C. crescentus are conserved among many genera of a-proteobacteria, the proposed mechanism may be applicable to other species of importance in agriculture and medicine. (ebi.ac.uk)
  • A lot of different labs study the regulators of processes that use actin, so now we can more carefully analyze how those proteins work. (upstate.edu)
  • This includes looking at what happens to non-histone proteins like NFkB, a regulator of our innate immunity, and p53, a protein inside cells key to controlling their division and death. (news-medical.net)
  • The field of research of bacterial serine/threonine phosphorylation is fairly new, and while the advance of phosphoproteomics allowed to detect an increasing number of proteins that are phosphorylated in bacteria, biosensors able to report phosphorylation in single bacterial cells are still lacking, compared to the vast array of phosphorylation biosensors designed for eukaryotic cells. (fems-microbiology.org)
  • To tackle this, I constructed different fluorescent hybrid proteins able to report StkP activity in single pneumococcal cells, or interacting specifically with its phosphorylated substrates. (fems-microbiology.org)
  • T he presence and activity of various proteins are required in the cell cycle progression. (ukessays.com)
  • Membrane trafficking defects caused by mutation in OCRL may explain renal tubular defects observed in Lowe syndrome, including the inability of proximal tubular cells (PTC) to reabsorb low-molecular weight (LMW) proteins and other solutes such as phosphorus and bicarbonate from the glomerular filtrate. (medscape.com)
  • In order to identify key regulators of taxol pathway, cDNAs will be explore to obtain the recombinant TF protein. (europa.eu)
  • The protein encoded by this gene is highly similar to Cdc 37, a cell division cycle control protein of Sacchromyces cerevisiae. (nih.gov)
  • This protein is a molecular chaperone with specific function in cell signal transduction. (nih.gov)
  • The VHL protein likely plays a role in other cellular functions, including the regulation of other genes and control of cell division. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Based on this function, the VHL protein is classified as a tumor suppressor, which means it prevents cells from growing and dividing too rapidly or in an uncontrolled way. (medlineplus.gov)
  • The VHL protein is also involved in the formation of the extracellular matrix, which is an intricate lattice that forms in the spaces between cells and provides structural support to tissues. (medlineplus.gov)
  • As in von Hippel-Lindau syndrome, when the VHL protein is altered, the HIF-2α protein is not broken down, and instead builds up in cells. (medlineplus.gov)
  • I am committed to interdisciplinary research, and an example of the successes gained from this approach is the project with Prof A Nabok (Engineering Sheffield Hallam University) using total internal reflection ellipsometry to quantify protein-membrane interactions on native plant membranes and human cell lines. (brookes.ac.uk)
  • Program access grant to the STFC Harwell Laser Facility 'The Plant Cell Initiative: Protein interactions in the higher plant secretory pathway' 2017-2021 (approximate value of £200K). (brookes.ac.uk)
  • When this complex forms the CDK can phosphorylate a target protein which alters it's function and initiates the cell to advance to the next phase. (jove.com)
  • Positive regulators include two protein groups that allow cells to pass through regulatory checkpoints: cyclins and cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs). (jove.com)
  • Crystal structure of the putative cell-wall lipoglycan biosynthesis protein LmcA from Mycobacterium smegmatis. (edu.au)
  • For some time, researchers have known that the protein p27 is an important inhibitor of the cell division that spreads cancer. (univmiami.net)
  • A protein called RhoA is the chief regulator of contractile ring assembly and function. (jove.com)
  • It reproduces protein time courses in wild-type cells, mimics correctly the phenotypes of many mutant strains, and predicts the phenotypes of currently uncharacterized mutants. (ebi.ac.uk)
  • Actin, a crucial protein involved in various cellular functions, has predominantly been studied using actin synthesized from muscle cells. (upstate.edu)
  • This kinase is a catalytic subunit of the protein kinase complex that is important for cell cycle G1 phase progression and G1/S transition. (cancerindex.org)
  • 1) The regulation of these protein levels is vital for the understanding of the cell cycle control and its dysregulation. (ukessays.com)
  • 2) Therefore, the proper control of protein levels is crucial for the cell cycle. (ukessays.com)
  • Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a myeloproliferative neoplasm caused by an acquired 9;22-chromosomal translocation in a hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) resulting in the expression of the BCR-ABL1 fusion protein. (haematologica.org)
  • 1 The BCR-ABL1 fusion protein is a constitutively active tyrosine kinase and triggers a cascade of aberrant downstream signaling pathways leading to clonal outgrowth of CML cells and subsequent disease manifestation. (haematologica.org)
  • Recently, new DNA scanning techniques using whole-exome sequencing identified 5 missense somatic clonal mutations, including a heterozygous mutation in BRAF that results in the BRAF V600E variant protein, which is oncogenic for other tumors as well, was identified in all hairy cell leukemia patients and may be responsible for the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and targeted therapy of hairy cell leukemia. (medscape.com)
  • Overexpression of cyclin D1 protein, an important cell-cycle regulator, has been observed in hairy cell leukemia and may play a role in the molecular pathogenesis of the disease. (medscape.com)
  • 2015. Versatility of global transcriptional regulators in alpha-Proteobacteria: from essential cell cycle control to ancillary functions. (csun.edu)
  • 6 Department of Cell Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710-3709. (nih.gov)
  • I am a clinician-scientist and Joint Head of the ACRF Cancer Biology and Stem Cells Division and Breast Cancer Laboratory. (edu.au)
  • Joyce M. Slingerland, director of the Braman Family Breast Cancer Institute at Sylvester at the University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, led a team of researchers in collaboration with David Helfman, professor of cell biology and anatomy at Sylvester. (univmiami.net)
  • In addition to NSF, this research was funded by grants from the National Institutes of Health, and the Stanford Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine. (sciencedaily.com)
  • At the core of the network reside Oct4, Sox2 and Nanog, into embryonic stem cells [1,2,3,4,5], have made major inroads which form a self-organized core of the TFs maintaining into stem cell biology. (lu.se)
  • With a basis in stem cell biology, genetics, immunology and cancer, the major goal of our research is to develop new immunotherapies that target leukemia and other malignancies. (lu.se)
  • The attractive features of this study, examining the elicitor-induced regulator of selected TFs genes to see whether their mRNA levels correlate with fungal taxol biosynthesis. (europa.eu)
  • It acts as a transcription repressor of E2F target genes, whose activity is required for progress from the G1 to the S phase of the cell cycle. (nih.gov)
  • HIF controls several genes involved in cell division, the formation of new blood vessels, and the production of red blood cells. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Selumetinib causes long-term G1 arrest accompanied by reduced expression of DNA replication and repair genes, but cells stochastically re-enter the cell cycle during treatment despite continued repression of pERK1/2. (babraham.ac.uk)
  • Her primary focus has been to understand the genes involved in the regenerative process, and she has made significant strides in this area, discovering a new marker that can be used to identify activated stem cells. (lu.se)
  • The rostral division of the neural tube into its 3 main sections falls under the control of homeobox (Hox) family of genes. (medscape.com)
  • [ 4 ] The Hox genes, well described as the master regulators of development, encode a set of transcription factors that specify the identity of particular segments during embryogenesis. (medscape.com)
  • Core Circadian Clock Genes Regulate Leukemia Stem Cells in AML. (lu.se)
  • 14733) putative transcriptional regulator%2C AsnC family CP001857 CDS Arcpr_0015 complement(14711. (go.jp)
  • May 20, 2020 In the bone marrow, blood stem cells via precursor cells give rise to a variety of blood cell types with various functions: white blood cells, red blood cells, or blood platelets. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Focusing on novel positive regulators of primitive CML cells, the myostatin antagonist myostatin propeptide gave the largest increase in cell expansion and was chosen for further studies. (haematologica.org)
  • Other spontaneous mutations found in this condition, called somatic mutations, are acquired during a person's lifetime and are present only in the tumor cells. (medlineplus.gov)
  • However, when p27 localization is shifted out into the cell's cytoplasm, it takes on a different role, promoting cell motility and tumor spread. (univmiami.net)
  • Dr. Petritsch is an expert in oligodendrocyte progenitor cells, and cancer stem cells, and her team's emphasis is on intra-tumoral heterogeneity, in vitro and in vivo cancer model development, and tumor-immune interactions. (stanford.edu)
  • We therefore work to gain an understanding of how brain cells control the fate of their progeny, whereby we unravel novel points of vulnerabilities in brain tumor cells, that could be exploited therapeutically. (stanford.edu)
  • It is known that brain tumor cells, on the other hand, defy many general principles of neurobiology. (stanford.edu)
  • Tumor cell hierarchies are poorly understood, providing no explanation for why tumor cells with stem-like, progenitor-like, and differentiated features co-exist and interact with normal brain cells and immune-infiltrating cells within a single tumor entity, and how this heterogeneity relates to the lack of active immune infiltration. (stanford.edu)
  • This newly identified gene-expression signature, which gave the researchers a way to detect the previously invisible phenomenon, allowed them to detect parainflammation in an array of mouse organoid tumors, human cancer cell lines, and human tumor samples. (ucsf.edu)
  • A class of drugs used for their ability to stop tumor cells from dividing is now under study for their potential to reduce the pain and damage caused by sickle cell disease, investigators report. (news-medical.net)
  • Perivascular heterogeneity in clinical samples, and associations with other tumor features and outcome, remain largely unknown.Here we report a novel method for digital quantitative analyses of vessel characteristics and PC, which was applied to two collections of human metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC).Initial analyses identified marker-defined subsets of PC, including cells expressing PDGFR-β or α-SMA or both markers. (lu.se)
  • ALCL was recognized in 1985, when tumor cells consistently demonstrated labeling by the monoclonal antibody Ki-1, a marker later shown to recognize the CD30 antigen. (medscape.com)
  • These steps are supported by functions of the cancer cells themselves or of the tumor microenvironment. (medscape.com)
  • thus, a successful metastatic colony depends on the ability of cancer cells to appropriate distinct microenvironments at each step in the metastatic cascade: the primary tumor, systemic circulation, and the final metastatic destination. (medscape.com)
  • Although tumor-associated angiogenesis has traditionally been defined as the sprouting of new vessels from preexisting vessels, it is becoming clear that the blood vessels that support tumor growth can also originate from cells recruited from the bone marrow or can even differentiate from tumor stem cells (vascular mimicry). (medscape.com)
  • These results provide the first detailed analysis of the interaction determinants of MipZ and deepen our knowledge of the molecular mechanism underlying the function of this intriguing cell division regulator. (mpg.de)
  • Our group is studying molecular regulators of normal mammary gland development and cancer, with a particular interest in understanding how mammary stem cells and their progeny contribute to the mammary epithelial cell hierarchy and breast cancer. (edu.au)
  • In addition, the molecular mechanisms connecting dynamic resource allocation to division control in bacteria are not clear, nor is our understanding of how these allocation strategies are affected by the temporal pattern of environmental fluctuations. (nature.com)
  • Claudia earned her PhD (Dr. rer.nat) at the Institute for Molecular Pathology (IMP) in Vienna, where she trained in cancer signaling, and identified crucial regulators of growth factor receptor kinase signaling. (stanford.edu)
  • From published experimental evidence, we propose a molecular mechanism for control of the cell division cycle in Caulobacter crescentus. (ebi.ac.uk)
  • Researchers of the Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC) Berlin-Buch have discovered what enables embryonic stem cells to differentiate into diverse cell types and thus to be pluripotent. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Understanding the molecular relationships is essential for using human somatic cells to develop stem cell therapy for diseases such as heart attack, Alzheimer's or Parkinson's disease or diabetes," Dr. Besser said. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Combining what I had been studying in PhD and Postdoc, I am currently investigating at MMSB the molecular mechanism of antibiotics escape in Streptococcus pneumoniae with a focus on the role of serine/threonine phosphorylation regarding antibiotic stress, and more generally how this bacterium grows and divides. (fems-microbiology.org)
  • Arrayed molecular barcoding identifies TNFSF13 as a positive regulator of acute myeloid leukemia-initiating cells. (lu.se)
  • This process is marked by a complex and coordinated set of molecular changes leading to the motile behavior of the invading cancer cells, which involves dynamic cytoskeletal changes, cell-matrix interactions, localized proteolysis, actin-myosin contractions, and focal contact disassembly. (medscape.com)
  • This hypothesis has not been confirmed by other reports, although a French study that evaluated occupational exposure to pesticides and lymphoid neoplasms among men appears to support the hypothesis that occupational pesticide exposures may not only be involved in hairy cell leukemia, Hodgkin lymphoma, and multiple myeloma, but also may play a role in non-Hodgkin lymphoma. (medscape.com)
  • In fact, it can lose its restraining action on cell growth and bind to other molecules to promote cell motility, one of the first steps in the spread of cancer. (univmiami.net)
  • Kinetin (/'kaɪnɪtɪn/) is a cytokinin-like synthetic plant hormone that promotes cell division in plants. (wikipedia.org)
  • 6-Benzylaminopurine (6-BA), a cytokinin plant growth regulator, has been banned for use in bean sprout production in China. (cdc.gov)
  • Cytokinin, known for its role in stimulating cell division, is an important regulator of plant shape and size. (usda.gov)
  • Growth of plant organs results from the combined activity of cell division and cell expansion. (usda.gov)
  • The plant growth regulator (PGR) group of herbicides (SOA 4, SOA 19) are important for broadleaf weed control. (specialtyhybrids.com)
  • Plant growth regulator herbicides have the potential to injure crops by misapplication, drift, spray tank contamination, applying during environmental conditions that have the potential to cause injury, and applying when a crop is in a rapid growth phase. (specialtyhybrids.com)
  • Here we investigate the mechanism by which the Bacillus subtilis cell-division inhibitor, MciZ (mother cell inhibitor of FtsZ), blocks assembly of FtsZ. (nih.gov)
  • MipZ forms bipolar gradients within the cell and acts as an inhibitor of FtsZ polymerization, thereby restricting assembly of the Z-ring to the midcell region. (mpg.de)
  • Taxol is an anticancer chemotherapy drug that functions as a microtubule inhibitor, stalling cell division. (europa.eu)
  • The growth inhibitor p27 is a key regulator of cell division and motility, and resides in the nucleus. (univmiami.net)
  • Here, we investigate amplification events that underlie resistance to the MEK inhibitor selumetinib (AZD6244/ARRY-142886) in COLO205 cells, a well-characterized model for reproducible emergence of drug resistance, and show that amplifications acquired are the primary cause of resistance. (babraham.ac.uk)
  • Our findings demonstrate that acquisition of MEK inhibitor resistance often occurs through gene amplification and can be suppressed by impeding cell cycle entry in drug. (babraham.ac.uk)
  • It is the major regulator of a hormone called erythropoietin, which controls red blood cell production. (medlineplus.gov)
  • The EMT program dissociates the cells within epithelial cell sheets into individual cells that exhibit multiple mesenchymal attributes. (medscape.com)
  • Mice lacking the autophagy gene Atg7 in T cells failed to establish CD8(+) T cell memory to influenza and MCMV infection. (ox.ac.uk)
  • At least 10 inherited mutations in the VHL gene have been found to cause familial erythrocytosis, a condition characterized by an increased number of red blood cells and an elevated risk of abnormal blood clots. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Finally, we examine the conservation of 135 USA300 TFs amongst 11 other S. aureus strains, identifying a key group of regulators that display a high degree of conservation, including many that have previously been demonstrated to play a role in virulence gene regulation. (biomedcentral.com)
  • To understand the dynamics of bacterial growth physiology and size control in dynamic nutrient environments, we have developed a coarse-grained proteome sector model which connects gene expression to growth rate and division control, and accurately predicts the cell-level E. coli response to nutrient perturbations in both exponential and stationary phase seen in experimental data 5 , 25 . (nature.com)
  • He highlighted the past decade, which saw the approval of the first anti-cancer immunotherapies and cell therapies, the development of the first CRISPR gene-editing technology and the approval of the first antibody-based therapy for Alzheimer's disease [ Biogen 's Aduhelm]. (biospace.com)
  • I think in 2022, we'll see continued focus on cell and gene therapy. (biospace.com)
  • That is important for sickle cell because we know in adults that the fetal hemoglobin gene is shut down and we know fetal hemoglobin works very well as a disease modifier. (news-medical.net)
  • Pace has shown panobinostat increases fetal hemoglobin expression both in red blood cells in culture and in mouse models of sickle cell disease by enabling reactivation of the fetal hemoglobin gene. (news-medical.net)
  • Hairy cell leukemia is recognized as a clonal B-cell malignancy, as identified by immunoglobulin gene rearrangements that result in a phenotype B-cell expression of surface antigens. (medscape.com)
  • FtsZ (filamentation temperature-sensitive Z) is the bacterial homolog of tubulin that polymerizes into rings localized to cell-division sites, and the constriction of these rings drives cytokinesis. (nih.gov)
  • The final step of the cell cycle that divides a cell into two daughter cells is called cytokinesis. (jove.com)
  • Cytokinesis begins after chromosome separation in mitosis and ends when the cell divides. (jove.com)
  • Our data indicate that glo1-1 plays a role in nuclear division and cytokinesis in the developing seed. (biologists.com)
  • In the genus Corynebacterium , AmtR is a key component of the nitrogen regulatory system, and it belongs to the TetR family of transcription regulators. (frontiersin.org)
  • Downstream targets of CDKs include transcription factor E2F and its regulator Rb. (kegg.jp)
  • Background: Recent studies have associated the transcription factors, Oct4, Sox2 and Nanog as parts of a self-regulating network which is responsible for maintaining embryonic stem cell properties: self renewal and pluripotency. (lu.se)
  • Hypoxia leads to the up-regulation of hypoxia-induced transcription factors (HIF)-a and HIF-2a, which are the master regulators of proangiogenic signals, mainly the vascular endothelial cell growth factors (VEGFs). (medscape.com)
  • Feb. 21, 2022 Embryonic stem cells and other pluripotent cells divide rapidly and have the capacity to become nearly any cell type in the body. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Using the semidominant Hairy Sheath Frayed1 (Hsf1) maize mutant, that hypersignals the perception of cytokinin (CK), we show that CK can reduce leaf size and growth rate by decreasing cell division. (usda.gov)
  • Important growth regulators frequently added to M&S include IAA (auxin/morphogen) and the Kinetin (cytokinin/cell division promoter). (sigmaaldrich.com)
  • Its asymmetric cell division results in one swarmer and one stalked cell progeny. (csun.edu)
  • Her postdoctoral studies on neural stem cells and asymmetric cell division in the Lab of Dr. Yuh Nung Jan at the Howard Hughes Medical Institute and University of San Francisco, California implied for the first time a minus-end directed myosin in the process of cell fate determination. (stanford.edu)
  • Researchers have discovered what enables embryonic stem cells to differentiate into diverse cell types and thus to be pluripotent. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Dr. Daniel Besser, Prof. Walter Birchmeier and Torben Redmer from the MDC, a member of the Helmholtz Association, used mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) in their stem cell experiments. (sciencedaily.com)
  • This new technique may help researchers avoid the controversies that come with the use of human embryos to produce human embryonic stem cells for research purposes. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Next, the MDC researchers want to find out to what extent E-cadherin also regulates human embryonic stem cells. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Oct. 10, 2023 Generating specific cell lineages from induced pluripotent stem cells and embryonic stem cells is the holy grail of regenerative medicine. (sciencedaily.com)
  • New research says studying both adult and embryonic stem cells can benefit medical science, but banning the study of either type could harm studies of the other. (sciencedaily.com)
  • The researchers analyzed more than 2,000 scientific papers and found adult stem cells are not replacing human embryonic stems cells in the laboratory. (sciencedaily.com)
  • As a result, induced pluripotent stem cells do not offer an easy solution to the difficult ethical questions surrounding embryonic stem cell research," he says. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Pluripotent stem cells are those capable of differentiating into any type of tissue, hence the attractiveness of embryonic stem cells, or hESCs, also called ES cells, which are also pluripotent. (sciencedaily.com)
  • They found the proportion of papers using human adult and human embryonic stem cells together is growing faster than those using adult stem cells alone. (sciencedaily.com)
  • In 2008, only 15 or 5.1 percent of all papers examined in the study reported using adult stem cells, and only three of those papers combined the use of human adult and human embryonic stem cells. (sciencedaily.com)
  • By 2010, some 161 of 574 or 28 percent of papers reported on studies of both cell technologies, and 62.1 percent of those papers paired adult and embryonic cell lines. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Because use of the two cell types has become so intertwined, any federal policy that would deny funding for embryonic stem cell research "would derail work with a nascent and exciting technology," says Owen-Smith. (sciencedaily.com)
  • If federal funding stops for human embryonic stem cell research, it would have a serious negative impact on adult stem cell research, says Stanford University bioethicist Christopher Scott, one of the paper's co-authors. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Cyclin-CDK inhibitors (CKIs), such as p16Ink4a, p15Ink4b, p27Kip1, and p21Cip1, are involved in the negative regulation of CDK activities, thus providing a pathway through which the cell cycle is negatively regulated. (kegg.jp)
  • Instead, the two cell types have proven to be complementary and any disruption of federal funding, they say, would negatively impact stem cell research overall. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Aberrantly expressed cytokines in the bone marrow (BM) niche are increasingly recognized as critical mediators of survival and expansion of leukemic stem cells. (haematologica.org)
  • 2 1 There is growing evidence to suggest that primitive CML cells affect the bone marrow (BM) niche, contributing to deregulated cytokine levels. (haematologica.org)
  • This cell infiltrates the patient's reticuloendothelial system and interferes with bone marrow function, resulting in bone marrow failure or pancytopenia. (medscape.com)
  • Accumulation of hairy cells in the bone marrow, liver, and spleen, with very little lymph node involvement, is characteristic of hairy cell leukemia. (medscape.com)
  • This pattern probably results from the expression of the integrin receptor alpha4-beta1 by the hairy cells and the interaction of the receptor with the vascular adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) found in splenic and hepatic endothelia, bone marrow, and splenic stroma. (medscape.com)
  • He was appointed Laboratory Director in 1956, then in 1960 Head of the Department of Cell Genetics, recently created at the Institut Pasteur. (nobelprize.org)
  • In 1964 he was appointed Professor at the Collège de France, where a chair of Cell Genetics was created for him. (nobelprize.org)
  • The model accounts for important details of the physiology, biochemistry, and genetics of cell cycle control in stalked C. crescentus cell. (ebi.ac.uk)
  • IL1RAP antibodies block IL-1-induced expansion of candidate CML stem cells and mediate cell killing in xenograft models. (lu.se)
  • CDKs regulate the cell's progression through the phases of the cell cycle by modulating the activity of key substrates. (kegg.jp)
  • Bacteria dynamically regulate cell size and growth to thrive in changing environments. (nature.com)
  • As a result, it remains unclear how cells sense changes in the environment and dynamically regulate division and growth in response. (nature.com)
  • In addition, mutual antagonism between two of these and other master regulators have been shown to regulate lineage determination. (lu.se)
  • In 1958 the remarkable analogy revealed by genetic analysis of lysogeny and that of the induced biosynthesis of ß-galactosidase led François Jacob, with Jacques Monod , to study the mechanisms responsible for the transfer of genetic information as well as the regulatory pathways which, in the bacterial cell, adjust the activity and synthesis of macromolecules. (nobelprize.org)
  • Lipid biosynthesis is essential for cell viability and bacterial fatty acid synthetic enzymes have been suggested as antibiotic targets. (csun.edu)
  • In both in vitro and in vivo settings, steering pyruvate use toward glycolysis or OXPHOS differentially skews the hematopoietic output of HE cells toward either an erythroid fate with primitive phenotype, or a definitive lymphoid fate, respectively. (lu.se)
  • Identification of erythroferrone as an erythroid regulator of iron metabolism. (msdmanuals.com)
  • the cover story for the May 2023 issue of the Journal of Cell Science, here. (upstate.edu)
  • In that position, it regulates cell cycle progression. (univmiami.net)
  • Progression of a cell through the division cycle is tightly controlled at different steps to ensure the integrity of genome replication and partitioning to daughter cells. (ebi.ac.uk)
  • In every case, positive feedback ensures that ancestral epigenetic changes are not diluted across generations as cells divide. (nature.com)
  • To this end, this article briefly discusses numerous important processes in head and neck embryology, namely the implications of patterning in hindbrain development, the diverse roles of neural crest cells, migration of the neural crest cells into the branchial arches (particularly the hyoid arch), and the genetic control of these processes. (medscape.com)
  • The development of the hindbrain (rhombencephalon) and the subsequent delamination of the neural crest cells are interrelated processes that need to be understood to appreciate the development of the branchiomotor cranial nerves in general and the facial nerve in particular. (medscape.com)
  • However, metabolic processes underlying the emergence of HSCs from HE cells remain unclear. (lu.se)
  • Cancer is a complex disease in which many basic processes, such as cell division, apoptosis, and cell migration are dysregulated. (medscape.com)
  • Perivascular cells (PC) were recently implied as regulators of metastasis and immune cell activity. (lu.se)
  • Metastases represent the end products of a multistep cell-biological process termed the invasion metastasis cascade, which involves dissemination of cancer cells to anatomically distant organ sites. (medscape.com)
  • Infiltrated cells might proceed towards overt metastasis with or without an intervening period of latency (dormancy). (medscape.com)
  • Eukaryotic cells respond to DNA damage by activating signaling pathways that promote cell cycle arrest and DNA repair. (kegg.jp)
  • They found that non-immune cells, including cells known to give rise to cancer, were able to activate some of the same genetic pathways typically used by the immune system. (ucsf.edu)
  • These pathways then interacted with p53, a regulator of cellular division, to prevent the cells from continuing to grow and divide, driving them toward a state known as cellular senescence. (ucsf.edu)
  • While it has been described that CD8(+) T cell memory formation becomes defective in old age, the cellular mechanism is largely unknown. (ox.ac.uk)
  • This study led to a definition of the mechanism of bacterial conjugation, and also enabled an analysis of the genetic apparatus of the bacterial cell. (nobelprize.org)
  • Furthermore, it is unclear if bacterial size modulation is simply a byproduct of the complex cellular response to changing environmental conditions, or if it serves as an adaptive mechanism employed by the cell to improve fitness in time-varying environments. (nature.com)
  • During two years as an instructor and head of a research group in Munich, Germany, Dr. Petritsch and her team showed that cell fate determinants use a bimodal mechanism (diffusion and active capturing) for proper intracellular location. (stanford.edu)
  • In summary, we identify myostatin propeptide as a novel positive regulator of primitive CML cells and corresponding normal hematopoietic cells. (haematologica.org)
  • Internal regulatory checkpoints ensure that a cell's size, energy reserves, and DNA quality and completeness are sufficient to advance through the cell cycle. (jove.com)
  • At these checkpoints, positive and negative regulators promote or inhibit a cell's continuation through the cell cycle. (jove.com)
  • Control of cell division and expansion is crucial for developmental patterning and is likely to be mediated by factors operating at different organisational levels ( Irish and Jenik,2001 ). (biologists.com)
  • For instance, during G1, when one type of cyclin, named D, is synthesized and binds to a CDK, the cell transitions into S phase, as another cyclin, E, peaks and forms a complex with CDK to promote DNA replication. (jove.com)
  • Cyclins can be categorized as G 1 , G 1 /S, S, or M cyclins based on the cell cycle phase or transition they are most involved in. (jove.com)
  • 1) For example, the down-regulation of miR15s and miR - 16 - 1 in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia, prostate cancer and pituitary tumours, leading to the inhibition of tumour growth and induce cell cycle arrest at the G 1 - phase by target cell cycle regulators ( cyclin D1, cyclin E1, cyclin D3 and CDK6). (ukessays.com)
  • To identify regulators of primitive chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) cells, we performed a high-content cytokine screen using primary CD34 + CD38 low chronic phase CML cells. (haematologica.org)
  • Linked to CK hypersignaling, the Hsf1 mutant has increased jasmonic acid (JA) content, a hormone that can inhibit cell division. (usda.gov)
  • Since then, he has devoted his attention to the genetic analysis of the mechanisms of cell division. (nobelprize.org)
  • Her research identified conserved mechanisms of cell fate determination in mammalian brain progenitors and led to a paradigm shift in understanding how brain progenitor cells self-renew and differentiate. (stanford.edu)
  • The mechanisms for cell fate decisions in the human brain are largely unknown. (stanford.edu)
  • By using patient-derived cells from brain surgeries, we investigate cell fate decision mechanisms in the normal brain and in brain malignancies. (stanford.edu)
  • By investigating the precise mechanisms of actin in different cell types, researchers aim to identify potential therapeutic targets and develop interventions to combat these diseases. (upstate.edu)
  • During this five-year postdoc stay, I studied the formation of persisters in Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus , which are subpopulations of cells highly tolerant to antibiotics that play a prominent role in the recalcitrance of chronic infections to antibiotherapy. (fems-microbiology.org)
  • Motile swarmer cells can not undergo DNA replication until they differentiate into stationary stalked cells. (csun.edu)
  • Some spontaneous mutations associated with this condition occur during the formation of reproductive cells (eggs or sperm) or just after fertilization and are called de novo mutations. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Rare mutations in genome sequence that result from failed DNA repair are transmitted across generations through DNA replication during each cell division. (nature.com)
  • Melanoma in particular exhibits a high incidence of activating BRAF and NRAS mutations and such cells are addicted to the activity of these mutant oncoproteins. (babraham.ac.uk)
  • Association studies implied specific oncogenic mutations in malignant cells as determinants of PC status. (lu.se)
  • In this study, we have identified a role of the CK signaling components type-A Arabidopsis response regulators (ARRs) in HSR in Arabidopsis. (frontiersin.org)
  • She returned to UCSF to conduct translational research, and apply her combined expertise in stem cells and signaling on the study of brain neoplasms and human stem and progenitor cells. (stanford.edu)
  • 7 In CML and acute myeloid leukemia (AML), we and others have shown that IL-1 is a positive regulator of LSC, and blocking IL-1 signaling inhibits the LSC. (haematologica.org)
  • In 1970 he began to study cultured mammalian cells, particularly certain aspects of their genetic properties. (nobelprize.org)
  • A Data-Driven, Mathematical Model of Mammalian Cell Cycle Regulation. (ebi.ac.uk)
  • Cytokine defects have also been reported in mammalian cell lines lacking OCRL1 attributed to dysregulation of actin assembly. (medscape.com)
  • Interleukin 4 induces apoptosis of acute myeloid leukemia cells in a Stat6-dependent manner. (lu.se)
  • In most bacteria, cell division requires assembly of FtsZ, the tubulin homologue, into a ring-like structure, the so-called Z-ring. (mpg.de)
  • It was given the name kinetin because of its ability to induce cell division, provided that auxin was present in the medium. (wikipedia.org)
  • This study reveals a cell intrinsic explanation for poor CD8(+) T cell memory in the elderly and potentially offers novel immune modulators to improve aged immunity. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Successful completion of these projects will identify new therapeutic targets in acute myleoid leukemia (AML) and expand our knowledge regarding how cancer cells evade the immune system, findings that may translate into new therapeutic opportunities. (lu.se)
  • To develop a data-driven model of cell cycle regulation, we used contiguous, dynamic measurements over two time scales (minutes and hours) calculated from static multiparametric cytometry data. (ebi.ac.uk)
  • Results yielded from callus cultures showed that its active components stimulate the growth of foreign cells too. (wikipedia.org)
  • citation needed] This led to the conclusion that one of its breakdown products is required for cell growth and division. (wikipedia.org)
  • Besides the long-standing role of cytokinins (CKs) as growth regulators, their current positioning at the interface of development and stress responses is coming into recognition. (frontiersin.org)
  • Laboratory of Growth Regulators has been created in 1995 as a joined facility of the Faculty of Science, Palacký University ( www.upol.cz ) and the Institute of Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences ( www.ueb.cas.cz ). (cas.cz)
  • Laboratory of Growth Regulators guarantees the teaching for biological study programs. (cas.cz)
  • M&S Basal Medium contains macronutrients that include high levels of nitrate and organic additives such as agar, sugars, vitamins and growth regulators. (sigmaaldrich.com)
  • Here we develop a quantitative theory connecting bacterial growth and division rates to proteome allocation in time-varying nutrient environments. (nature.com)
  • In such environments, cell size and growth are regulated by trade-offs between prioritization of biomass accumulation or division, resulting in decoupling of single-cell growth rate from population growth rate. (nature.com)
  • Specifically, bacteria transiently prioritize biomass accumulation over production of division machinery during nutrient upshifts, while prioritizing division over growth during downshifts. (nature.com)