• The first wave, defined as primitive hematopoiesis, takes place in the extraembryonic yolk sac and generates transitory hematopoietic cell populations consisting of primitive erythrocytes. (amegroups.org)
  • The second wave, referred to as definitive hematopoiesis, temporarily occurs in the fetal liver and transitions to the bone marrow and thymus, where multipotent hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) contribute to the generation of all blood lineages ( 1 - 3 ). (amegroups.org)
  • In zebrafish, primitive hematopoiesis occurs at early somite stages in the intermediate cell mass (ICM) and the rostral blood island (RBI). (amegroups.org)
  • Despite these apparent differences in definitive hematopoiesis between fish and mammals, the definitive HSC niche functions to actively recruit stem cells and maintain their plasticity throughout adulthood ( 2 , 4 , 5 ). (amegroups.org)
  • There is growing evidence that during primitive hematopoiesis in the developing embryo that macrophages generated in the yolk sac are involved in the regulation of primitive HSC trafficking-a mechanism suggested to involve in the secretion of inflammatory factors, extracellular matrix (ECM) components, and metalloproteinases ( 3 , 9 , 10 ). (amegroups.org)
  • Figure 1 VCAM-1 + macrophages guide hematopoietic stem/progenitor cell to sites of definitive hematopoiesis. (amegroups.org)
  • Primitive hematopoiesis occurs at early somite stages in the ICM and the RBI. (amegroups.org)
  • Subset of macrophages expressing ICAM-1 migrate to the sites of definitive hematopoiesis in AGM and CHT to recruit hematopoietic stem cells and initiate neonatal hematopoiesis and guide them further to sites of adult and definitive hematopoiesis in kidneys and thymus. (amegroups.org)
  • Hematopoiesis in the embryo As the embryo continues to develop, the hematopoiesis process moves to the liver, the spleen, and bone marrow, and begins producing other types of blood cells. (andymatthewsphotography.com)
  • In adults, hematopoiesis of red blood cells and platelets occurs primarily in the bone marrow. (andymatthewsphotography.com)
  • Mouse hematopoiesis was thought to develop initially in the yolk sac, where primitive hematopoietic development occurs [ 4 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Their results indicated that yolk sac progenitors before the onset of circulation did not have LT reconstitution potential while progenitors isolated from the AGM did, which indicates that primitive and definitive hematopoiesis may occur at distinct anatomical locations [ 10 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In the 1970s, Friedenstein and colleagues [1] first reported that locally applied culture-expanded populations of bone marrow stroma-derived fibroblastic cells remained at their injection sites under the kidney capsule, where an ectopic hematopoiesis was initiated. (issca.us)
  • Similar to tissue-resident macrophages, mast cells are of dual ontogeny and are generated during both fetal and adult ("definitive") hematopoiesis. (digs-bb.de)
  • Our data suggest that zebrafish Runx1 functions in both blood and vessel development at the hemangioblast level, and contributes to both primitive and definitive hematopoiesis. (biologists.com)
  • We portrayed the Notch system in embryonic stem cell (ESC)-derived embryoid bodies (EBs) differentiating under the standard protocols used to assess yolk sac (YS) hematopoiesis in vitro. (karger.com)
  • Thus, the cloning frequency in response to SCF + IL-13 was at least 20-fold higher in the Lin-Sca-1+ than the Lin-Sca-1- progenitor cell population. (ox.ac.uk)
  • We demonstrate that neural stem/progenitor cell (NSPC) self-renewal and spatiotemporal generation of neurons and other cell types are severely impacted by the loss of Ythdf2 in embryonic neocortex. (biomedcentral.com)
  • There is growing evidence that resident progenitor cell populations exist in murine lung tissues and differentiate into a mesenchymal cell lineage [1, 2]. (keio.ac.jp)
  • However, there are two main principles by which cells facilitate therapeutic action: Stem, progenitor, or mature cell engraftment, differentiation, and long-term replacement of damaged tissue. (wikipedia.org)
  • To help advance the field of islet cell transplantation, the researchers will test a 3D-printed tool known as a Bioengineered Gradient Generator - a technology they anticipate will help scale-up of stem cell seeding and a more efficient differentiation for cell replacement therapies in diabetes. (uw.edu)
  • Hodgkin's disease, ALCL and dendritic cell lines Commonly the assignment of any given hematopoietic cell line to a cell lineage and stage of arrested differentiation, based on its immunological and other phenotypes, does not present any problems. (andymatthewsphotography.com)
  • PCGF6-PRC1 suppresses premature differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cells by regulating germ cell-related genes. (riken.jp)
  • Interleukin 13: novel role in direct regulation of proliferation and differentiation of primitive hematopoietic progenitor cells. (ox.ac.uk)
  • This novel effect on differentiation was directly mediated, shared with IL-4, and could not be observed on Lin-Sca-1- progenitor cells. (ox.ac.uk)
  • CSCs take charge of a cancer hierarchy, harboring stem cell-like properties involving self-renewal and aberrant differentiation potential. (bmbreports.org)
  • Recent advances in live imaging and genetics of mammalian division, movement and cell differentiation leading to development which integrate observations of biochemical tissue formation [14 ]. (lu.se)
  • To investigate the proliferation and differentiation of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells in their physiologic environment, we use state-of-the-art mouse models. (digs-bb.de)
  • We hypothesize that the continuous but rare differentiation of quiescent HSCs into rapidly dividing progenitors limits mutation accumulation in the hematopoietic system. (digs-bb.de)
  • Formation of Ep-CAM-mediated adhesions have a negative regulatory effect on adhesions mediated by classic cadherins, which may have strong effects on the differentiation and growth of epithelial cells. (thermofisher.com)
  • At these sites, which are a compound of stromal cells, extracellular matrix and soluble factors, complex molecular interactions that maintain the essential properties of stem cells occur, such as self-renewal and differentiation into multiple lineages, according to the organism's needs. (bvsalud.org)
  • In colony-forming unit assays, the hematopoietic stem cell plasticity remained similar after 14 days of bioreactor co-culture, whereas monolayer co-cultures showed increasing signs of HPC differentiation and loss of stemness. (fairdomhub.org)
  • Although steady-state conditions revealed no increase in primitive cell proliferation in p21-null mice, a significantly larger fraction of quiescent neural precursors was activated in the hippocampus and subventricular zone after brain ischemia. (rupress.org)
  • Therefore, p21 is an intrinsic suppressor to neural regeneration after brain injury and may serve as a common molecular regulator restricting proliferation among stem cell pools from distinct tissue types. (rupress.org)
  • IL-13 enhanced stem cell factor (SCF)-induced proliferation of Lin-Sca-1+ bone marrow progenitor cells more potently than IL-4. (ox.ac.uk)
  • In contrast, IL-13 had no synergistic activity on SCF-induced proliferation of the more mature Lin-Sca-1- progenitor cells. (ox.ac.uk)
  • However, despite the well-established growth factor dependence of HSC proliferation, whether and how this mechanism of HSC regulation might be affected by aging has remained poorly understood. (ashpublications.org)
  • Importantly, subsequent dose-response analyses revealed an age-associated reduction in the growth factor-stimulated proliferation of CD49f + cells mediated by reduced activation of AKT and altered cell cycle entry and progression. (ashpublications.org)
  • These findings identify a new intrinsic, pervasive, and progressive aging-related alteration in the biological and signaling mechanisms required to drive the proliferation of very primitive, normal human hematopoietic cells. (ashpublications.org)
  • Ep-CAM functions as a homotypic calcium-independent cell adhesion molecule, and has a direct impact on cell cycle, proliferation and metabolism of epithelial cells and fibroblasts due to its ability to rapidly induce the proto-oncogene c-myc and the cell cycle regulating genes cyclin A and E. Ep-CAM mediates Ca2+-independent homotypic interactions. (thermofisher.com)
  • decreased cell proliferation, cell cycle arrest, and induction of apoptosis. (123dok.net)
  • It was suggested that HOXD9 contributes to both cell proliferation and/or cell survival. (123dok.net)
  • HOXD9 siRNA treatment of SK-MG-1 SP cells resulted in reduced cell proliferation. (123dok.net)
  • Conclusions: Our results suggest that HOXD9 may be a novel marker of GCSCs and cell proliferation and/or survival factor in gliomas and glioma cancer stem-like cells, and a potential therapeutic target. (123dok.net)
  • Homeobox proteins are master regulators of develop-ment and control many cellular processes, including proliferation, apoptosis, cell shape, and cell migration. (123dok.net)
  • One compelling idea to explain the Warburg effect is that the altered metabolism of cancer cells confers a selective advantage for survival and proliferation in the unique tumor microenvironment. (pharmaceuticalintelligence.com)
  • Embryonic stem cell-specific microRNAs regulate the G1-S transition and promote rapid proliferation. (ca.gov)
  • Both StemPro and HPL medium proved to be suitable for clinical application and allowed sufficient cell proliferation. (fairdomhub.org)
  • Inactivation of tumor suppressor genes, whose products normally provide negative control of cell proliferation, contributes to malignant transformation in various cell types. (medscape.com)
  • In this study, we tried to elucidate signal transduction pathway in primitive hematopoietic progenitors of mice stimulated with interleukin-11(IL-11). (nii.ac.jp)
  • First, effects of calphostin C, a specific inhibitor for protein Kinase C(PKC), and genistein and herbimycin A, specific tyrosine kinase (TK) inhibitors on colony formation of 5-FU resistant, dormant, primitive hematopoietic progenitors supported by IL-6 which receptor has the same signal transducer gp 130 of IL-11 receptor and 12-o-tetradecanoyl phorbol-13-acetate(TPA). (nii.ac.jp)
  • These findings suggested that signal of IL-11 in colony formation of primitive hematopoietic progenitors was transduced through an activation of PKC and TK.Confirmation of these findings by immunocytochemical examination on activation of PKC and TK by IL-11 is on going. (nii.ac.jp)
  • Single cell experiments suggested that the synergistic effect of IL-13 on Lin-Sca-1+ progenitors was directly mediated. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Early in murine embryonic development, hematopoietic progenitors can be found in the para-aortic splanchnopleura region on embryonic day 7 (as depicted in Figure 1 A), but these progenitors are not LT reconstituting although they do possess lymphoid potential [ 11 - 13 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • These more advanced hematopoietic progenitors isolated from the aorta-gonad-mesonephros (AGM) region at embryonic day 9.5 to 10 can give rise to lymphoid lineages and are LT reconstituting definitive HSCs, but since this time point is after the establishment of the circulatory system in the embryo their source was difficult to determine [ 13 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Cumano and colleagues' approach was to culture explants containing hematopoietic progenitors isolated from the yolk sac and the embryo proper before the onset of circulation, and to determine their LT reconstitution potential [ 10 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Taken together, these fundamental studies provided the basis that the synovial macrophages were derived from hematopoietic progenitors and represented a heterogeneous population in both normal and inflamed synovium. (musculoskeletalkey.com)
  • In adult animals, macrophages are derived from circulating monocytes originating in the bone marrow, but much of the tissue-resident population arise from erythro-myeloid progenitors (EMPs) in the extra-embryonic yolk sac, appearing around the same time as primitive erythroblasts. (edu.au)
  • Furthermore, we show expression of MSTN by CML mesenchymal stromal cells, and that myostatin propeptide has a direct and instant effect on CML cells, independent of myostatin, by demonstrating binding of myostatin propeptide to the cell surface and increased phosphorylation of STAT5 and SMAD2/3. (haematologica.org)
  • Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) are increasingly used as an intravenously applied cellular therapeutic. (issca.us)
  • Later, Arnold Caplan's group described mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) as multipotent mesenchymal cell populations which can differentiate into several tissue types, and demonstrated roles for MSCs in the regeneration of bone, cartilage or ligaments in animal and clinical studies [2-4]. (issca.us)
  • This concept started from the observation that bone marrow transplantation can provide stromal cells able to synthesize intact collagen type I, replacing deficient patient cell function and ameliorating disease symptoms [5]. (issca.us)
  • Immature B cells from normal mouse bone marrow were not responsive to the suppressive effect of androgens unless they were cocultured with marrow stromal cells or with supernatants from androgen-treated stromal cells, suggesting that the androgen effects are exerted through marrow stromal elements by production of a diffusible mediator. (jci.org)
  • Further experiments revealed that bone marrow stromal cells produced TGF-β in response to dihydrotestosterone (DHT), and neutralization of TGF-β in the DHT-treated stromal cells reversed the suppressive effects. (jci.org)
  • Androgens only affected B cell development in chimeric mice with androgen-sensitive stromal cells. (jci.org)
  • These experiments suggest that effects of androgens on developing B cells are mediated through androgen receptors in bone marrow stromal cells. (jci.org)
  • Because of their multi/pluripotency and immunosuppressive properties, mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) are important tools for treating immune disorders and for tissue repair. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) from human bone marrow serve as a resource for cell-based therapies in regenerative medicine. (fairdomhub.org)
  • In previous studies human mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) maintained the "stemness" of human hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPCs) through direct cell-cell contact in two-dimensional co-culture … systems. (fairdomhub.org)
  • In general, for patients presenting damaged or destroyed bone marrow, for example after chemotherapy and/or radiation for acute myeloid leukemia (AML), bone marrow derived cells can be infused into the patients blood stream. (wikipedia.org)
  • Stem cell antigen-1 (Sca-1) is a cell surface glycoprotein, initially found in murine bone marrow-derived stem cell subtypes, such as hematopoietic stem cells. (keio.ac.jp)
  • The migration of bone marrow-derived non-hematopoietic tissue-committed stem cells is regulated in an SDF-1-, HGF-, and LIF-dependent manner. (krakow.pl)
  • Intrapulmonary delivery of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells improves survival and attenuates endotoxin-induced acute lung injury in mice. (ca.gov)
  • The cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor, p21 cip1/waf1 (p21), maintains hematopoietic stem cell quiescence, and we evaluated its role in the regenerative response of neural tissue after ischemic injury using the mice deficient in p21. (rupress.org)
  • Specific aims include determining if in vivo administration of Sema4a following chemotherapy can prevent loss of the most potent hematopoietic (blood) stem cells in mice and establish if in vitro treatment with Sema4a improves engraftment of gene-corrected hematopoietic stem cells in humans. (uw.edu)
  • Detection of human hematopoietic cells in mouse bone marrow: Mice are euthanized under inhalation isoflurane anesthesia by cervical dislocation at or greater than 6 weeks post-transplantation. (andymatthewsphotography.com)
  • Basically, given the difference of telomere and telomerase activity in human and mouse cells, the telomere and telomerase status in stem cell populations is different between humans and mice ( Harrington, 2004 ). (nature.com)
  • Physiologic aging in both humans and mice leads to permanent changes in LT-HSC function, such as myeloid-biased hematopoietic output ( Akunuru and Geiger, 2016 ). (biorxiv.org)
  • Human hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), like their counterparts in mice, comprise a functionally and molecularly heterogeneous population of cells throughout life that collectively maintain required outputs of mature blood cells under homeostatic conditions. (ashpublications.org)
  • Further studies in mice by Cumano and colleagues sought to address the issue of an anatomical origin of the long-term (LT) reconstituting hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) found in adult animals [ 10 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Furthermore, infusion of normal bone marrow cells rescued mice from death induced by loss of THOC5/Fms interacting protein. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Castration of normal male mice induces expansion of the bone marrow B cell population, an effect that can be reversed by androgen replacement. (jci.org)
  • Moreover, parabiotic mice that share the same circulation showed that only a subset of macrophages such as heart, gut, and dermis exhibited a mixed population, whereas Langerhans cells, microglia, and alveolar macrophages were exclusively derived from the parent mouse. (musculoskeletalkey.com)
  • These mice express tamoxifen-induced Cre recombinase (Mer-cre-Mer) that enzymatically removes a stop codon flanked by lox sequences (floxed) on a reporter gene such as green fluorescent protein or yellow fluorescent protein, thus resulting in traceable fluorescence on the cells of interest. (musculoskeletalkey.com)
  • Evidence of temporary airway epithelial repopulation and rare clonal formation by BM-derived cells following naphthalene injury in mice. (ca.gov)
  • Posterior malformations in Dact1 mutant mice arise through misregulated Vangl2 at the primitive streak. (ca.gov)
  • We assessed whether cell cycle inhibitors that restrict stem cell populations in other tissues may participate in limiting neural stem cell reactivity in vivo. (rupress.org)
  • Also, these cell populations directly correlated with poor survival [ 2 , 5 ]. (researchsquare.com)
  • At least two populations of tissue macrophages exist: tissue-resident cells that are embryonically derived and a monocyte-derived population. (musculoskeletalkey.com)
  • The administration of nonlethal irradiation to induce death of hematopoietic cells and their precursors followed by administration of donor bone marrow (radiation chimeras) revealed populations of macrophages, including synovial macrophages, Langerhans cells, and microglia, that were resistant to irradiation and remained host origin, whereas the monocyte population was derived from donor hematopoietic cells. (musculoskeletalkey.com)
  • These cells then integrate into the site of injury, replacing damaged tissue, and thus facilitate improved function of the organ or tissue. (wikipedia.org)
  • In this paradigm multipotent or unipotent cells differentiate into a specific cell type in the lab or after reaching the site of injury (via local or systemic administration). (wikipedia.org)
  • and the RBI cells are derived from the lateral mesoderm of the zebrafish head and differentiate into macrophages ( 4 - 8 ). (amegroups.org)
  • HPCs are immature cells that develop from hematopoietic stem cells, cells that can both self-renew and differentiate into hematopoietic progenitor cells. (andymatthewsphotography.com)
  • Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) have the capacity to self-renew and the potential to differentiate into all of the mature blood cell types. (andymatthewsphotography.com)
  • They could differentiate into bone, cartilage, and a hematopoietic microenvironment. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are at the top of the hematopoietic hierarchy and can differentiate into all types of mature blood cells throughout life. (digs-bb.de)
  • Dental pulp stem cells have been isolated from deciduous and permanent teeth and have the potential to self-renew and differentiate. (bvsalud.org)
  • Funding encompasses a broad spectrum of hematologic inquiry, ranging from stem cell biology to medical management of blood diseases and to assuring the adequacy and safety of the nation's blood supply. (hhs.gov)
  • Recent developments in cancer biology have identified the existence of a sub-poplulation of cells - cancer stem cells (CSC) that are resistant to most traditional therapies (e.g. chemotherapy and radiotherapy) and have the ability to repair their damaged DNA. (docksci.com)
  • Measurements of cell mixtures can hide differences between cells that might be important in biology or disease studies. (acs.org)
  • Researchers are putting single-cell proteomics to work in fields like developmental biology, cell biology, cancer biology, and neuroscience. (acs.org)
  • The Gerbaulet group studies the biology of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells in their native environment. (digs-bb.de)
  • Likewise, the knowledge of stem cell biology is crucial to the development of stem cell therapies, based on tissue engineering applied to dentistry, seeking the regeneration of dental tissues damaged or lost by caries, trauma or genetic diseases. (bvsalud.org)
  • However, further studies are required to gain complete understanding of stem cell biology, which is fundamental for the development of successful cell-based therapies 1-3 . (bvsalud.org)
  • Drosophila neuroblast asymmetric cell division: recent advances and implications for stem cell biology. (ca.gov)
  • Avantor® can help equip your life sciences lab with the products, equipment, and supplies you need - whether you work in cell biology, genomics, proteomics, or other fields. (vwr.com)
  • Cold Spring Harbor, NY -- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press (CSHLP) announced the release of The Digital Cell: Cell Biology as a Data Science, available on its website in hardcover format. (cshlpress.com)
  • We examined the CD45 dim CD34 + CD38 - CD133 + cells on bone marrow samples of hematologic malignancies and healthy controls using four-color flow cytometry experiments. (researchsquare.com)
  • Interestingly, the CD45 dim CD34 + CD38 - CD133 + cells were highly expressed in bone marrow of patients with AML compared to that of healthy controls (HC). (researchsquare.com)
  • Additionally, the high levels of the CD45 dim CD34 + CD38 - CD133 + cells in AML patients were an independently significant poor risk factor for overall survival and event free survivals. (researchsquare.com)
  • Therefore, our results suggest that CD45 dim CD34 + CD38 - CD133 + cells in AML might have the potential of leukemia stem cells. (researchsquare.com)
  • For examples, Rhenen et al showed that a high percentage of CD34 + CD38 - stem cells at diagnosis significantly correlated with a high minimal residual disease frequency and subsequently to relapse especially after the third course of chemotherapy in AML patients. (researchsquare.com)
  • Moreover, the CD34 + CD38 - progenitor cells expressed variable amounts of the target receptor CD33, CD133 and c-kit (CD117) [ 20 ]. (researchsquare.com)
  • In this regard, his lab has identified a novel family of hematopoietic cell surface proteins, called the CD34 family, and shown that these are essential for a number of developmentally important processes. (ubc.ca)
  • To identify regulators of primitive chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) cells, we performed a high-content cytokine screen using primary CD34 + CD38 low chronic phase CML cells. (haematologica.org)
  • Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are thought to be a source of tumor recurrence due to their stem cell-like properties. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Efficient regeneration of Human Vα24+ invariant NKT cells and their anti-tumor activity in vivo. (riken.jp)
  • For the past 20 years, plenty of studies have suggested that only a small subpopulation of the cancer cells with tumor-initiating capability is the core origin of the tumorigenesis and the subset of cancer cells was named cancer stem cells (CSCs). (bmbreports.org)
  • Additionally, characterization of the tumor microenvironment such as interactions with immune cells remain largely unknown. (springer.com)
  • Cancer stem cells (CSCs) represent a small subset of the tumor population and reside at the apex of the hierarchy [ 9 ]. (springer.com)
  • Apart from CSCs, there are a myriad of factors and interactions between various cell types and the tumor microenvironment (TME) that ultimately affect CCA progression. (springer.com)
  • He has delineated the function of these molecules in diverse set of biological processes including: 1) gut and kidney formation, 2) vascular permeability, 3) mucosal inflammatory disease, 4) stem cell homing and migration, and 5) epithelial tumor progression. (ubc.ca)
  • McDonald's group used several proteins to predict severe GI aGVHD and non-relapse mortality, such as T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin-domain containing-3, soluble tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin 1 receptor-like 1 and interleukin −6 [ 8 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • called either cancer stem cells (CSCs) or tumor-initiat-ing cells[3]. (123dok.net)
  • Identification and expansion of cancer stem cells in tumor tissues and peripheral blood derived from gastric adenocarcinoma patients. (celljournal.org)
  • Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Chen J, Liu Y, Luo W. Dendritic-tumor fusion cells derived heat shock protein70-peptide complex has enhanced immunogenicity. (celljournal.org)
  • Drivers (A and B). The metabolic derangements in cancer cells may arise either from the selection of cells that have adapted to the tumor microenvironment or from aberrant signaling due to oncogene activation. (pharmaceuticalintelligence.com)
  • These changes can be inherited and are, therefore, found in every cell, but more often, they are somatically acquired and restricted to tumor cells. (medscape.com)
  • Like Rb protein, many of the proteins encoded by tumor suppressor genes act at specific points in the cell cycle. (medscape.com)
  • Another important class of tumor suppressor genes involved in cell cycle control and in the generation of human cancers is the cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitors. (medscape.com)
  • [ 7 ] In KAs, cells that stain positive with proliferating-cell nuclear antigen immunostaining are distributed only in the outer edges of the tumor, corresponding to the proliferating squamous epithelial cells. (medscape.com)
  • Lineage Negative (Lin-) Markers Note A select list of Lin- markers are provided as examples of markers that have been used in the literature to exclude particular lineages of cells in order to help identify the cell type of interest. (andymatthewsphotography.com)
  • The future direction of the study of hematopoietic stem cells will probably make use of pluripotent stem cells to yield specific immune cell lineages and eventual clinical applications. (biomedcentral.com)
  • This experimental paradigm revealed the existence of a rare population of somatic stem cells that can stably reconstitute all blood lineages lifelong. (digs-bb.de)
  • In addition, in vivo serial transplantation assays, dye exclusion assays, and isolation via cell surface specific antigen profile methods are now used to identify CSCs. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Neural precursor cells from adults have exceptional proliferative and differentiative capability in vitro yet respond minimally to in vivo brain injury due to constraining mechanisms that are poorly defined. (rupress.org)
  • Primitive human hematopoietic cells are enriched in cord blood compared with adult bone marrow or mobilized peripheral blood as measured by the quantitative in vivo SCID-repopulating cell assay. (andymatthewsphotography.com)
  • The stromal cell requirement for androgen-mediated effects was confirmed in vivo by experiments using chimeric animals created by bone marrow transplantation in which androgen receptor expression was restricted to either the stromal or lymphoid cells of the bone marrow. (jci.org)
  • Ex vivo Hsp70-activated nk cells in combination with pd-1 inhibition significantly increase overall survival in preclinical models of glioblastoma and lung cancer. (celljournal.org)
  • Probing cell type-specific functions of Gi in vivo identifies GPCR regulators of insulin secretion. (ca.gov)
  • The aim of this study was to comparatively assess the efficiency of xeno-free human platelet lysate (HPL)-based cell expansion with two commercially available media-StemPro MSC SFM CTS (for human ex vivo tissue and cell culture processing applications) and MSCGM (non-GMP-compliant, for research only)-in an academic setting as the first optimization step toward GMP-compliant manufacturing. (fairdomhub.org)
  • Here, we show that young and aged LT-HSCs respond differently to inflammatory stress, such that aged LT-HSCs produce a cell-intrinsic, myeloid-biased expression program. (biorxiv.org)
  • Using single-cell RNA-seq, we identify a myeloid-biased subset within the LT-HSC population (mLT-HSCs) that is much more common amongst aged LT-HSCs and is uniquely primed to respond to acute inflammatory challenge. (biorxiv.org)
  • During this first wave, small number of myeloid cells (e.g., primitive monocytes/macrophages and megakaryocytes) are also generated. (amegroups.org)
  • Following verification of a stem-like signature (upregulated expression of stemness markers, resistance to chemotherapy, increased spheroid formation, and tumorigenesis capabilities despite inoculation of a small number of cells), we analyzed the interaction of these cells with macrophages via direct and indirect coculture assays. (springer.com)
  • It is now known that type A cells were synovial macrophages, type B were synovial fibroblasts, and type C were an undetermined population. (musculoskeletalkey.com)
  • Further studies in the 1980s and early 1990s refined the classification of synovial macrophages with the use of immunohistochemistry and known antibodies to antigen-presenting cells. (musculoskeletalkey.com)
  • Initial studies suggested that, in adults, a common monocyte/dendritic cell (MDP) progenitor in the bone marrow leads to the development of monocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells. (musculoskeletalkey.com)
  • Macrophages are well characterized as immune cells. (edu.au)
  • In conclusion, we have established a protocol to isolate and propagate EMs in vitro, have further defined specialized properties of yolk-sac-derived macrophages, and have identified EM-EC and EM-NSPC interactions as key inducers of EC tube formation and microglial cell maturation, respectively. (edu.au)
  • Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is generally regarded as a stem cell disease, and it originates from a hierarchy of leukemic stem cell classes that differ in self-renewal capacity [ 1 , 2 ]. (researchsquare.com)
  • In both species, an early developmental change in the HSC population involves a postnatal switch from a state in which most of these cells exist in a rapidly cycling state and maintain a high self-renewal potential to a state in which the majority of cells are in a quiescent state with an overall reduced self-renewal potential. (ashpublications.org)
  • DGCR8 is essential for microRNA biogenesis and silencing of embryonic stem cell self-renewal. (ca.gov)
  • His laboratory has followed two primary interests: 1) the transcription factor networks that regulate fate determination in various cells that make blood, and 2) the cell surface proteins expressed by hematopoietic stem cells that and allow them to communicate with their microenvironment. (ubc.ca)
  • These data support the notion that the 3D microenvironment created within the microcavity array preserves vital stem cell functions of HPCs more efficiently than conventional co-culture systems. (fairdomhub.org)
  • Programs also support the development of novel cell-based therapies to bring the expertise of transfusion medicine and stem cell technology to the repair and regeneration of human tissues and organs. (hhs.gov)
  • We want to understand how the hierarchical organization of mature blood cell regeneration from stem and progenitor cells shapes the accumulation of somatic mutations and hence the risk of developing blood cancer. (digs-bb.de)
  • Therapies based on the application of stem cells have great potential in the prevention and treatment of several diseases, such as cancer, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, spinal cord injuries, neurological diseases such as Parkinson's and Alzheimer's, and in the regeneration of various tissues and organs. (bvsalud.org)
  • Then, we will discuss several principles that govern macrophage phagocytosis of apoptotic cells (efferocytosis), including the existence of redundant recognition mechanisms ("find-me" and "eat-me") that lead to a tight coupling between apoptosis and phagocytosis. (frontiersin.org)
  • Because it is such a diverse population of cells, a fundamental question is whether they have a common precursor or whether each macrophage population develops from a different precursor. (frontiersin.org)
  • One sentence summary Murine hematopoietic stem cells display transcriptional heterogeneity that is quantitatively altered with age and leads to the age-dependent myeloid bias evident after inflammatory challenge. (biorxiv.org)
  • Long-term hematopoietic stem cell damage in a murine model of the hematopoietic syndrome of the acute radiation syndrome. (iu.edu)
  • Establishing a murine model of the hematopoietic syndrome of the acute radiation syndrome. (iu.edu)
  • Some studies showed Sca-1 expression in the pulmonary vascular endothelium of adult murine lungs [3], while a subset of Sca-1-expressing cells formed vascular-like structures under specific conditions [1]. (keio.ac.jp)
  • 1 The BCR-ABL1 fusion protein is a constitutively active tyrosine kinase and triggers a cascade of aberrant downstream signaling pathways leading to clonal outgrowth of CML cells and subsequent disease manifestation. (haematologica.org)
  • We want to elucidate how hematopoietic perturbations and stressors are resolved on a clonal level by employing genetic barcoding. (digs-bb.de)
  • Human acute myeloid leukemia is organized as a hierarchy that originates from a primitive hematopoietic cell. (celljournal.org)
  • There his work focused on transcriptional control of hematopoietic stem cell maturation and cell fate. (ubc.ca)
  • In fact, low levels of telomerase activity have been found in human adult stem cells including haematopoietic and non-haematopoietic stem cells such as neuronal, skin, intestinal crypt, mammary epithelial, pancreas, adrenal cortex, kidney, and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) ( Table 1 ). (nature.com)
  • Zebrafish runx1 is expressed in hematopoietic and neuronal cells during early embryogenesis. (biologists.com)
  • Dlx1 and Dlx2 control neuronal versus oligodendroglial cell fate acquisition in the developing forebrain. (ca.gov)
  • Depletion of Runx1 with antisense morpholino oligonucleotides abrogated the development of both blood and vessels, as demonstrated by loss of circulation, incomplete development of vasculature and the accumulation of immature hematopoietic precursors. (biologists.com)
  • In summary, we identify myostatin propeptide as a novel positive regulator of primitive CML cells and corresponding normal hematopoietic cells. (haematologica.org)
  • Previous studies have juxtaposed and analyzed immune cell compartments between different CCA categorizations such as short or long-term overall survival (OS) [ 16 ]. (springer.com)
  • Aberrantly expressed cytokines in the bone marrow (BM) niche are increasingly recognized as critical mediators of survival and expansion of leukemic stem cells. (haematologica.org)
  • PEGylated G-CSF (BBT-015), GM-CSF (BBT-007), and IL-11 (BBT-059) analogs enhance survival and hematopoietic cell recovery in a mouse model of the hematopoietic syndrome of the acute radiation syndrome. (iu.edu)
  • Advantages (C-E). The altered metabolism of cancer cells is likely to imbue them with several proliferative and survival advantages, such as enabling cancer cells to execute the biosynthesis of macromolecules (C), to avoid apoptosis (D), and to engage in local metabolite-based paracrine and autocrine signaling (E). Potential Liabilities (F and G). This altered metabolism, however, may also confer several vulnerabilities on cancer cells. (pharmaceuticalintelligence.com)
  • These HSCs are primarily derived from endothelial cells within the ventral wall of the dorsal aorta. (amegroups.org)
  • The definitive HSCs in mammals first migrate to and repopulate in the fetal liver and then home to the bone marrow, while the definitive HSCs in zebrafish migrate first to the caudal hematopoietic tissue and then to their definitive anatomical sites in the kidney and thymus ( 5 - 8 ). (amegroups.org)
  • Long-term hematopoietic stem cells (LT-HSCs) maintain hematopoietic output throughout an animal's lifespan. (biorxiv.org)
  • Aged LT-HSCs demonstrate a cell-intrinsic myeloid bias during inflammatory challenge. (biorxiv.org)
  • According to this concept, HSCs are activated by an increased demand for mature blood cells in situations such as systemic infection or severe blood loss. (digs-bb.de)
  • In mammals the yolk sac acts as a source of primordial germ cells and blood cells. (edu.au)
  • Note that in early human development (week 2) a transient structure called the "primitive yolk sac" forms from the hypoblast layer, this is an entirely different structure. (edu.au)
  • Cell therapy (also called cellular therapy, cell transplantation, or cytotherapy) is a therapy in which viable cells are injected, grafted or implanted into a patient in order to effectuate a medicinal effect, for example, by transplanting T-cells capable of fighting cancer cells via cell-mediated immunity in the course of immunotherapy, or grafting stem cells to regenerate diseased tissues. (wikipedia.org)
  • Although such attempts produced no positive benefit, further research found in the mid twentieth century that human cells could be used to help prevent the human body rejecting transplanted organs, leading in time to successful bone marrow transplantation as has become common practice in treatment for patients that have compromised bone marrow after disease, infection, radiation or chemotherapy. (wikipedia.org)
  • In recent decades, however, stem cell and cell transplantation has gained significant interest by researchers as a potential new therapeutic strategy for a wide range of diseases, in particular for degenerative and immunogenic pathologies. (wikipedia.org)
  • Bone marrow transplants are the most common and well established cell transplantation therapies. (wikipedia.org)
  • For a long time, bone marrow transplantation was the only clinically applicable method of cell transplantation, however, since the 1990s, cell therapy has been investigated for a wide scale of pathologies and disorders. (wikipedia.org)
  • In these studies, however, transplanted cells were followed, if at all, at the site of transplantation, and biodistribution was not an issue. (issca.us)
  • For decades, hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells have been studied primarily through such transplantation-based assays. (digs-bb.de)
  • Gastrointestinal acute graft-versus-host disease (GI aGVHD) is a lethal complication following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). (biomedcentral.com)
  • Cells referred to as MSCs originating from various tissues are now used in clinical trials. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Results: In this study, we found high expression of the HOXD9 gene transcript in glioma cell lines and human glioma tissues by quantitative real-time PCR. (123dok.net)
  • Understanding how stem cells behave in the niche is extremely important in order to extract these cells from their natural habitat, expand them in vitro and transplant the stem cells back to the patient, to repair and/or regenerate tissues and organs, with no risks to the individual's integrity. (bvsalud.org)
  • Cells Tissues Organs (2011) 193 (4): 239-252. (karger.com)
  • The immunogen used to generate the G8.8 antibody was the TE-71 thymic epithelial cell line. (thermofisher.com)
  • CD326 is expressed on the majority of epithelial cells, and is considered a pan-carcinoma antigen. (thermofisher.com)
  • Ep-CAM (epithelial adhesion molecule, epithelial specific antigen, ESA) is a transmembrane glycoprotein expressed in the epithelium with a molecular weight of approximately 40 kDa, which functions as an epithelial cell adhesion molecule. (thermofisher.com)
  • Indian hedgehog regulates intestinal stem cell fate through epithelial-mesenchymal interactions during development. (ca.gov)
  • Histologically, the fully formed domelike lesion reveals a mass of proliferating squamous epithelial cells, which created the central core of keratin. (medscape.com)
  • PMC free article][PubMed] [Google Scholar] Smogorzewska A, de Lange T. Regulation of telomerase by telomeric proteins. (andymatthewsphotography.com)
  • The Developmental Genetics Research Group studies epigenetic regulation of organ development and stem cell functions, mediated by Polycomb group (PcG) proteins and DNA methylation (5mC) mechanisms. (riken.jp)
  • There he worked with Dr. Max D. Cooper (Howard Hughes Medical Institute, National Academy of Sciences) and his research focused on cell surface proteins expressed by preB cells that regulate B cell maturation and homing. (ubc.ca)
  • In addition, he identified a number of novel hematopoietic stem cell surface proteins and began analyzing their function. (ubc.ca)
  • Individual cells' proteins vary. (acs.org)
  • Researchers have long had tools to look at nucleic acids at the single-cell level, but studying single cells' proteins hasn't been as easy. (acs.org)
  • People have been able to detect a handful of proteins in individual cells using fluorescence- or antibody-based methods. (acs.org)
  • Now, the goal is a full readout of all the proteins being made in a cell. (acs.org)
  • Explore our solutions for multiple applications - vaccines, monoclonal antibodies, recombinant proteins, cell or gene therapy. (vwr.com)
  • runx1 expression in the lateral plate mesoderm co-localizes with the hematopoietic transcription factor scl , and expression of runx1 is markedly reduced in the zebrafish mutants spadetail and cloche . (biologists.com)
  • To definitively understand the mechanism of PKD, the researchers will use stem cell-derived kidney organoids to determine if the same phenotype is present in the human cells, define the role of the polycystin complex in cilia dependent cyst activation comprehensively, and develop potential therapies. (uw.edu)
  • While labs can synthesize many modern medicines, some therapies must be derived from living blood cells. (healthversed.com)
  • Myelin Restoration: Progress and Prospects for Human Cell Replacement Therapies. (ca.gov)
  • Preconditioning of recipients by lethal irradiation or chemotherapy forces transplanted hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells to realize their maximum potential, but this does not necessarily reflect their fate and behavior in the native bone marrow environment. (digs-bb.de)
  • Therefore, we determined the miRNA expression profile of a CD133 + spheroid-forming subpopulation of the OVCAR3 human ovarian cancer cell line. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Are primitive human hematopoietic cells enriched in cord blood? (andymatthewsphotography.com)
  • Finally, our group is responsible to operate the animal facility affiliated to Yokohama Institute that includes cryopreservation and generation of genetic resources and human iPS cell facility. (riken.jp)
  • Recently, the importance of telomere maintenance in human stem cells has been highlighted by studies on dyskeratosis congenital, which is a genetic disorder in the human telomerase component. (nature.com)
  • The regulation of telomere length and telomerase activity is a complex and dynamic process that is tightly linked to cell cycle regulation in human stem cells. (nature.com)
  • Here we review the role of telomeres and telomerase in the function and capacity of the human stem cells. (nature.com)
  • Telomeric DNA consists of short guanine-rich repeat sequences in all eukaryotes with linear chromosomes, and its length in human somatic cells is remarkably heterogeneous among individuals ranging from 5 to 20 kb, according to age, organ, and the proliferative history of each cell ( Wright and Shay, 2005 ). (nature.com)
  • In most human somatic cells except for stem cells and lymphocytes, telomerase activity is diminished after birth so that telomere length shortens with each cell division. (nature.com)
  • Distinct anatomical regions of primitive and definitive hematopoietic development in both the mouse and human. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Out of the 313 unique human cytokines evaluated, 11 were found to expand cell numbers ≥2-fold in a 7-day culture. (haematologica.org)
  • Human cervix cells under magnification. (acs.org)
  • A human being produces approximately 3 × 10 11 mature blood cells per day, representing 90% of all cells regenerated on a daily basis. (digs-bb.de)
  • We also have a long-standing interest in mast cells and the rare human disease mastocytosis, which is characterized by an abnormal accumulation of these cells in various organs. (digs-bb.de)
  • Functional analysis of HOXD9 in human gliomas and glioma cancer stem cells. (123dok.net)
  • Finally, we cultured human glioma cancer stem cells (GCSCs) from patient specimens found with high expression of HOXD9 in GCSCs compared with normal astrocyte cells and neural stem/progenitor cells (NSPCs). (123dok.net)
  • Expression, regulation and function of AC133, a putative cell surface marker of primitive human haematopoietic cells. (krakow.pl)
  • Role of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and placenta-derived growth factor (PlGF) in regulating human haemopoietic cell growth. (krakow.pl)
  • Gene expression patterns of human colon tops and basal crypts and BMP antagonists as intestinal stem cell niche factors. (ca.gov)
  • Several possible mechanisms were considered for the induction of human leukemia, such as clastogenic damage to circulatory stem cells. (who.int)
  • We establish a three-dimensional (3D) co-culture system based on a custom-made chip, the 3(D)-KITChip, as an in vitro model system of the human hematopoietic stem cell niche. (fairdomhub.org)
  • (B) Subset of cell surface markers used in the characterization of this developmental process. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In somatic cells, the activity of telomerase, a reverse transcriptase that can elongate telomeric repeats, is usually diminished after birth so that the telomere length is gradually shortened with cell divisions, and triggers cellular senescence. (nature.com)
  • Thus, even in stem cells, except for embryonal stem cells and cancer stem cells, telomere shortening occurs during replicative ageing, possibly at a slower rate than that in normal somatic cells. (nature.com)
  • The intricate molecular mechanisms involved in the regenerative process of the normal intestine and the identity of putative somatic intestinal stem cells have become clear. (mdpi.com)
  • In an ongoing project, we are investigating how this mast cell ontogeny modifies the effect of a somatic kit mutation and may explain the heterogeneous phenotype of mastocytosis. (digs-bb.de)
  • Chromic exposure of bone marrow cells to TPA ( down regulation of PKC ) resulted a suppression of colony formation with IL-6 + TPA. (nii.ac.jp)
  • Preincubation of bone marrow cells with IL-11 in combination with calphostin C or herbimycin A canceled the augmentation of IL-3-dependent colony formation by IL-11. (nii.ac.jp)
  • In 2021 Atara biotherapeutics became the first ever allogeneic T cell therapy company to be reviewed by any regulatory agency in the world (EMA) Cell therapy is targeted at many clinical indications in multiple organs and by several modes of cell delivery. (wikipedia.org)
  • Pivotal studies by the group of Horwitz in children with osteogenesis imperfecta, an inherited enzyme deficiency of collagen synthesis by mesenchymal cells in bone, opened the field for intravenous use of MSCs. (issca.us)
  • The tissue source of the MSCs was in most cases not decisive, and cells from various tissue sources were explored. (issca.us)
  • and signals from the injected cells were found early after administration of the MSCs at the highest frequencies in the lungs, followed by liver and spleen. (issca.us)
  • The increasing use of MSCs, their definition as advanced-therapy medicinal products in European regulations, and the US Food and Drug Administration requirements for their production and use imply the use of production processes that should be in accordance with Good Manufacturing Practices (GMPs). (biomedcentral.com)
  • Producing cells according to Good Manufacturing Practices (GMPs) is a global challenge for the production of all cells for use in humans, specifically mesenchymal stem/stroma cells (MSCs), one of the most promising tools in cellular therapy and regenerative medicine. (biomedcentral.com)
  • MSCs with a mesodermic origin were first described by Alexander Friedenstein and colleagues in the 1960s and 1970s[ 1 ] as non-hematopoietic bone marrow (BM) cells that adhered to plastic and that could develop into colonies with a fibroblastic appearance. (biomedcentral.com)
  • MSCs exhibited the typical fibroblastoid morphology, with distinct differences in cell size depending on the medium. (fairdomhub.org)
  • From development to aging and disease, the brain parenchyma is under the constant threat of debris accumulation, in the form of dead cells and protein aggregates. (frontiersin.org)
  • MicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate both normal stem cells and CSCs, and dysregulation of miRNAs has an important role in tumorigenesis. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Our results indicate that dysregulation of miRNA may play a role in the stem cell-like properties of ovarian CSCs. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Using this method, ovarian CSCs from patients with ascites are first isolated and their ability to exhibit stem cell-like properties is examined [ 6 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In this study, miRNA expression profiles of a CD133 + spheroid-forming subpopulation of OVCAR3 ovarian cancer cells were investigated to identify miRNA expression profiles that contribute toward the characteristics of CSCs in ovarian cancer. (biomedcentral.com)
  • One of the possible reasons for the failure of the present therapeutic regimens is the existence of a relatively rare cell population known as cancer stem cells (CSCs) that are resistant to or not targeted by present therapeutic modalities. (docksci.com)
  • In 1997, Bonnet & Dick (1997) published their findings concerning the existence of CSCs, by isolating a subpopulation of leukemic cells. (docksci.com)
  • According to recent findings, especially targeting cancer stem cells (CSCs) is the most promising therapeutic strategy. (bmbreports.org)
  • As it can be inferred from its nomenclature, CSCs share several features of normal stem cells. (bmbreports.org)
  • Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are thought to the underlying reason for cancer initiation, metastasis, and relapse. (springer.com)
  • Objective: The induction of immunity against cancer stem cells (CSCs) can boost the efficiency of cancer vaccines. (celljournal.org)
  • Recent studies, however, suggest that MDPs may also develop into other types of hematopoietic cells, such as lymphocytes. (musculoskeletalkey.com)
  • Thus, telomerase activity and telomere maintenance are associated with the immortality of cancer cells, germ-line cells, and embryonic stem (ES) cells. (nature.com)
  • Here, we employ a fluorescent reporter system to track and isolate stem-like cancer cells of cholangiocarcinoma cell lines. (springer.com)
  • Prospective identification of tumorigenic breast cancer cells. (celljournal.org)
  • In this Essay, we re-examine the Warburg effect and establish a framework for understanding its contribution to the altered metabolism of cancer cells. (pharmaceuticalintelligence.com)
  • He found that, even in the presence of ample oxygen, cancer cells prefer to metabolize glucose by glycolysis, a seeming paradox as glycolysis, when compared to oxidative phosphorylation, is a less efficient pathway for producing ATP (Warburg, 1956). (pharmaceuticalintelligence.com)
  • In this Essay, we discuss the possible drivers, advantages, and potential liabilities of the altered metabolism of cancer cells (Figure 1). (pharmaceuticalintelligence.com)
  • For example, an upregulated metabolism may result in the build up of toxic metabolites, including lactate and noncanonical nucleotides, which must be disposed of (F). Moreover, cancer cells may also exhibit a high energetic demand, for which they must either increase flux through normal ATP-generating processes, or else rely on an increased diversity of fuel sources (G). (pharmaceuticalintelligence.com)
  • These factors may regulate myeloid versus lymphoid balance with age, and can potentially mitigate the long-term deleterious effects of inflammation that lead to hematopoietic pathologies. (biorxiv.org)
  • 2 1 There is growing evidence to suggest that primitive CML cells affect the bone marrow (BM) niche, contributing to deregulated cytokine levels. (haematologica.org)
  • Stem cell niche. (bvsalud.org)
  • Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a myeloproliferative neoplasm caused by an acquired 9;22-chromosomal translocation in a hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) resulting in the expression of the BCR-ABL1 fusion protein. (haematologica.org)