Regulation of myogenic progenitor cells during muscle regeneration adult stem cells pax7 transcription factor. Medical search. Frequent questions

Activated satellite cells initially proliferate as skeletal myoblasts before undergoing myogenic differentiation. (wikipedia.org)
However, Pax7 is expressed prominently after satellite cell differentiation. (wikipedia.org)
These dividing cells are known as the "transit amplifying pool" before undergoing myogenic differentiation to form new (post-mitotic) myotubes. (wikipedia.org)
One of the first roles described for IGF-1 was its involvement in the proliferation and differentiation of satellite cells. (wikipedia.org)
The balance between differentiation and self-renewal is critical to maintain muscle tissue homeostasis, and alterations in this equilibrium can lead to chronic muscle degeneration. (biomedcentral.com)
The transcription factor CCAAT/enhancer binding protein beta (C/EBPβ) is expressed in Pax7 + satellite cells of healthy muscle and is downregulated during myoblast differentiation. (biomedcentral.com)
Persistent expression of C/EBPβ upregulates Pax7, inhibits MyoD, and blocks myogenic differentiation. (biomedcentral.com)
CCAAT/enhancer binding proteins (C/EBPs) are a family of transcription factors that regulate cellular growth and differentiation, metabolism, and inflammation [ 18 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
When overexpressed in the murine myoblast cell line C2C12 or in primary myoblasts, C/EBPβ reduced MyoD and other myogenic protein levels during differentiation, in addition to reducing myoblast fusion. (biomedcentral.com)
Among Ca 2+ -sensitive pathways, calcineurin is essential for myoblast differentiation and muscle regeneration. (biologists.com)
Our results showed that miR-195 and miR-497 were upregulated during muscle development and myoblast differentiation. (biologists.com)
Using synchronized cultures of C2C12 myoblasts to model these divergent programs, we show that p8 (also known as Nupr1 ), a G1-induced gene, negatively regulates the cell cycle and promotes myogenic differentiation. (biologists.com)

More specifically, upon activation, satellite cells can re-enter the cell cycle to proliferate and differentiate into myoblasts. (wikipedia.org)

Myofiber-specific ablation of IRE1α or XBP1 in mice diminishes skeletal muscle regeneration that is accompanied with reduced number of satellite cells. (elifesciences.org)
Ex vivo cultures of myofiber explants demonstrate that ablation of IRE1α reduces the proliferative capacity of myofiber-associated satellite cells. (elifesciences.org)
Myofiber-specific ablation of IRE1α dampens Notch signaling and canonical NF-κB pathway in skeletal muscle of adult mice. (elifesciences.org)
These cells are located beneath the basal lamina of myofiber in a dormant state. (elifesciences.org)
Muscle from knockout mice had reduced myofiber size and reduced myofiber resilience to injury and exercise. (bvsalud.org)
All superior and inferior rectus muscles from both globes were examined for BrdU incorporation, MyoD expression, neonatal and developmental myosin heavy chain (MyHC) isoform expression, and myofiber cross-sectional area alterations. (arvojournals.org)
Understanding the effects of strabismus surgery on muscle cell biological reactions and myofiber remodeling may suggest new approaches for improving surgical outcomes. (arvojournals.org)
There are a number of factors that initiate myofiber remodeling in adult skeletal muscles. (arvojournals.org)

Greater activation also results in increased expression of myogenic basic helix-loop-helix transcription factors MyoD, myogenin, and MRF4 - all responsible for the induction of myocyte-specific genes. (wikipedia.org)
In the resected muscle and in the passively stretched antagonist muscle, there was a dramatic increase in the number of myofibers positive for neonatal MyHC and in the number of BrdU- and MyoD-positive satellite cells. (arvojournals.org)

In addition, IGF-1 expression in skeletal muscle extends the capacity to activate satellite cell proliferation (Charkravarthy, et al. (wikipedia.org)
Proliferating, BrdU-positive cells in muscle sections were detected with immunohistochemistry indicating different cell types and decreasing proliferation with age. (nature.com)
More proliferation was observed in muscle tissue of LBW-GLN than LBW-ALA piglets at 5 dpn, but there was no clear effect of supplementation on related gene expression. (nature.com)
Cell culture experiments indicated that Gln could promote cell proliferation in a dose dependent manner, but expression of myogenesis regulatory genes was not altered. (nature.com)
Overall, Gln supplementation stimulated cell proliferation in muscle tissue and in vitro in myogenic cell culture, whereas muscle growth regulatory genes were barely altered. (nature.com)
Collectively, our experiments suggest that the IRE1α-mediated signaling promotes muscle regeneration through augmenting the proliferation of satellite cells in a cell non-autonomous manner. (elifesciences.org)
WAT is characterised by its capacity to adapt and expand in response to surplus energy through processes of adipocyte hypertrophy and/or recruitment and proliferation of precursor cells in combination with vascular and extracellular matrix remodelling. (springer.com)
6 These manipulations result in satellite cell activation and proliferation, which in turn are responsible for muscle repair and regeneration. (arvojournals.org)

Current thinking is that most satellite cells express PAX7 and PAX3. (wikipedia.org)
Satellite cells in the head musculature have a unique developmental program, and are Pax3-negative. (wikipedia.org)
We demonstrate that mdPCR can give exact molecule counts per cell for mRNA isoforms encoding the myogenic transcription factor Pax3. (biomed.news)

RESULTS: Single cell sequencing revealed myogenic progenitor cells in miR-501 knockout mice at day 6 after muscle injury that are characterized by high levels of myogenin and CD74. (bvsalud.org)

For example, muscle stem cells (MuSCs), located beneath the basal lamina, exist in the quiescent state but can transition to an activated, proliferative state upon injury. (biomed.news)

for example, greater activation results in the progressive loss of Pax7 expression as they enter the proliferative stage. (wikipedia.org)

They have the potential to provide additional myonuclei to their parent muscle fiber, or return to a quiescent state. (wikipedia.org)
The addition of BrdU-positive myonuclei increased from 1 per 1000 myofibers in cross sections of control muscles to 2 to 3 per 100 myofibers in the resected muscles. (arvojournals.org)
Both active and passive stretch of the rectus muscles produced by strabismus surgery dramatically upregulated the processes of satellite cell activation, integration of new myonuclei into existing myofibers, and concomitant upregulation of immature myosin heavy chain isoforms. (arvojournals.org)
It is considered postmitotic, in that the myonuclei residing within these myofibers do not divide in adult muscle. (arvojournals.org)

In this study, we investigated the roles of these two miRNAs in myogenesis and analyzed their transcriptional regulation. (biologists.com)
Adult regenerative myogenesis is dependent on progenitor cells. (biologists.com)

Moreover, both quiescent and activated human satellite cells can be identified by the membrane-bound neural cell adhesion molecule (N-CAM/CD56/Leu-19), a cell-surface glycoprotein. (wikipedia.org)
CD34 and Myf5 markers specifically define the majority of quiescent satellite cells. (wikipedia.org)
When muscle cells undergo injury, quiescent satellite cells are released from beneath the basement membrane. (wikipedia.org)
Postnatal growth and repair of skeletal muscle relies upon a population of quiescent muscle precursor cells, called satellite cells that can be activated to proliferate and differentiate into new myofibers, as well as self-renew to replenish the satellite cell population. (biomedcentral.com)
10 Even more compelling is a recent study that subjected individual quiescent satellite cells isolated from adult limb muscle to stretching in vitro, and showed that direct stretching of the satellite cells themselves results in activation and bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) incorporation. (arvojournals.org)

The use of a muscle creatine kinase germline knockout of the gene encoding Ire1/Ern1 shifts the focus from traditional studies of tissue repair toward the regenerating myofibers. (elifesciences.org)
After a second round of injury, muscle regeneration is impaired in C/EBPβ conditional knockout mice compared to wild-type control mice. (biomedcentral.com)
We subjected 6-week-old wild-type (WT) and miR-378 knockout (miR-378-/-) animals to the glycerol-induced muscle injury and performed analyses in various time-points. (bvsalud.org)
Importantly, in aged skeletal muscle where miR-501 was significantly downregulated and its target Esrrg significantly upregulated, the number of myog+/CD74+ cells during regeneration was upregulated to similar levels as observed in 501 knockout mice. (bvsalud.org)

1 2 Residing outside the sarcolemma but within the basal lamina of individual myofibers is a population of cells that are responsible for muscle repair and regeneration, the satellite cells. (arvojournals.org)

Defective muscle regeneration can severely affect re-innervation by motor axons, and neuromuscular junctions (NMJs) development, ultimately leading to skeletal muscle atrophy. (biomed.news)

Glutamine is regarded as the most abundant amino acid in the body, is mainly synthesized in skeletal muscle 10 , and muscle tissue is the most important site for Gln storage 11 . (nature.com)

Myosatellite cells are located between the basement membrane and the sarcolemma of muscle fibers, and can lie in grooves either parallel or transversely to the longitudinal axis of the fibre. (wikipedia.org)
Satellite cells are able to differentiate and fuse to augment existing muscle fibers and to form new fibers. (wikipedia.org)
The findings shed new light on mechanisms of regeneration of healthy myofibers after severe tissue injury and suggest interplay between these fibers and muscle satellite cells though mechanisms remain to be elucidated. (elifesciences.org)
3 When a muscle is injured, this specialized cell population becomes activated, divides, and either repairs damaged fibers or forms new myofibers. (arvojournals.org)

The compromised tissue repair program is attributable to the gradual depletion of stem cells and to altered regulatory signals. (biomed.news)
Semaphorins are a wide family of extracellular regulatory signals with a multifaceted role in cell-cell communication. (biomed.news)

The process of muscle regeneration involves considerable remodeling of extracellular matrix and, where extensive damage occurs, is incomplete. (wikipedia.org)

Fibroblasts within the muscle deposit scar tissue, which can impair muscle function, and is a significant part of the pathology of muscular dystrophies. (wikipedia.org)
The manuscript evaluated an under appreciated aspect of tissue regeneration which is the need to synthesize and assemble huge amounts of contractile machinery and supporting structures and metabolic enzymes. (elifesciences.org)
Skeletal muscle, the most abundant tissue of the body, has remarkable regenerative capacity mainly due to its resident muscle stem cells, also known as satellite cells. (elifesciences.org)
Both miRNAs and siRNAs need to be delivered into the target tissue or cell in order to activate the desired therapeutic effect," Muthiah Manoharan, Ph.D., senior vp, drug discovery, Alnylam Pharmaceuticals, explained. (genengnews.com)
Here, we summarise the mechanisms contributing to adipose tissue (AT) plasticity and function including characteristics and cellular complexity of the various adipose depots and we discuss recent insights into AT origins, identification of adipose precursors, pathophysiological regulation of adipogenesis and its relation to WAT/BAT expandability in obesity and its associated comorbidities. (springer.com)
The 'adipose tissue expandability model' identifies the limited capacity and dysfunctionality of WAT, preventing its expansion and accommodation of surplus of energy, as key determinants for the onset and progression of obesity-associated metabolopathologies as a result of ectopic deposition of toxic lipid species in metabolic organs (i.e. muscle or liver [also known as lipotoxic insult]) [ 7 ]. (springer.com)
The findings reveal the presence of highly heterogeneous cell populations within the callus, including epidermis, vascular tissue, shoot primordia, inner callus, and outgrowth shoots. (bvsalud.org)
At the same time, lack of miR-378 did not affect inflammation, fibrosis, adipose tissue deposition, centrally nucleated fiber count, muscle fiber size, FAP abundance, and muscle contractility at any time point analyzed. (bvsalud.org)
We investigated mechanisms of age-related changes in myogenic progenitor cells using the tissue-specific microRNA 501. (bvsalud.org)
Adult stem cells play key roles in homeostasis and tissue repair. (biomed.news)
Skeletal muscle is a complex tissue composed of thousands of individual multinucleated myofibers. (arvojournals.org)

How adult muscle stem cells contribute to this decrease in regenerative capacity is incompletely understood. (bvsalud.org)

Therefore, we complemented our investigations into the cellular development of the skeletal muscle of neonatal piglets with in vitro studies using a primary porcine myogenic cell culture model with Gln supplementation. (nature.com)
In vitro analysis was performed in primary muscle cells obtained from mice and humans. (bvsalud.org)

Callus is a reprogrammed cell mass involved in plant regeneration and gene transformation in crop engineering. (bvsalud.org)

Skeletal muscle regeneration relies on the reciprocal interaction between many types of cells. (bvsalud.org)

Satellite cells express a number of distinctive genetic markers. (wikipedia.org)
Using genetic tools to conditionally abrogate C/EBPβ expression in Pax7 + cells, we examined the role of C/EBPβ in self-renewal of satellite cells during muscle regeneration. (biomedcentral.com)

However, the mechanisms of muscle regeneration are not yet fully understood. (elifesciences.org)

Myosatellite cells, also known as satellite cells, muscle stem cells or MuSCs, are small multipotent cells with very little cytoplasm found in mature muscle. (wikipedia.org)
Quantifying the exact expression levels of the mRNA isoforms encoding these myogenic transcription factors is therefore key to understanding how MuSCs switch between cell states. (biomed.news)
Primary MuSCs isolated from individual skeletal muscles (gastrocnemius and masseter) are lysed, and their RNA is reverse-transcribed into cDNA and copied into double-stranded DNA. (biomed.news)

Feeding with amino acids can stimulate protein synthesis in all tissues, especially in skeletal muscle as reviewed by Davis et al. (nature.com)
Originally discovered as axon guidance factors, they have been implicated in cancer progression, embryonal organogenesis, skeletal muscle innervation, and other physiological and developmental functions in different tissues. (biomed.news)
Jyotsna Dhawan ABSTRACT Adult stem cells persist in mammalian tissues by entering a state of reversible quiescence, referred to as G 0 , which is associated with low levels of transcription. (biologists.com)
Therefore, we propose that damage to and subsequent release of mtDNA elicits a protective signalling response that enhances nDNA repair in cells and tissues, suggesting that mtDNA is a genotoxic stress sentinel. (regenerativemedicine.net)

These cells are regulated by a tight control of transcriptional programs. (biomed.news)

To conclude, our study revealed that miR-378 deletion influences the abundance of mSCs and the adipogenic potential of FAPs, but does not affect overall regeneration upon acute, glycerol-induced muscle injury. (bvsalud.org)

Skeletal muscle is characterized by a remarkable capacity to rearrange after physiological changes and efficiently regenerate. (biomed.news)

Satellite cells are precursors to skeletal muscle cells, able to give rise to satellite cells or differentiated skeletal muscle cells. (wikipedia.org)

In response to mechanical strain, satellite cells become activated. (wikipedia.org)

however, priority needs to be given to resistance exercise training, and secondarily to adequate protein intake should be part of this dietary regime to mitigate losing muscle mass. (biomed.news)

In cultured primary fibroblasts and cancer cells, the chemotherapeutic drug doxorubicin causes mtDNA damage and release, which leads to cGAS STING dependent ISG activation. (regenerativemedicine.net)

Skeletal muscle regeneration is regulated by coordinated activation of multiple signaling pathways. (elifesciences.org)

Myocyte nuclear factor (MNF), and c-met proto-oncogene (receptor for hepatocyte growth factor (HGF)) are less commonly used markers. (wikipedia.org)
Nuclear factor of activated T-cell (NFAT. (biologists.com)

Significant loss of muscle mass may occur in cachexia and sarcopenia, which are major causes of mortality and disability. (mdpi.com)
However, during aging, extensive injury, or pathological conditions, the complete regenerative program is severely affected, with a progressive loss of muscle mass and function, a condition known as sarcopenia. (biomed.news)

eph dsRNA was injected into syncytial stage embryos to perturb eph expression at the larval time points relevant to axon targeting in the adult visual system. (sdbonline.org)

Recent studies revealed the presence of different mRNA isoforms, with distinct biological regulation. (biomed.news)

Finally, targeted ablation of IRE1α also reduces Notch signaling, abundance of satellite cells, and skeletal muscle regeneration in the mdx mice, a model of Duchenne muscular dystrophy. (elifesciences.org)

This procedure results in rotation of the globe toward the resected muscle, increased resting tension across the agonist-antagonist pair, and stretching of the elastic components of the muscles. (arvojournals.org)
In the rabbit, due to orbital constraints and limited rotation, resection results in more significant stretch of the surgically treated muscle than the antagonist. (arvojournals.org)

Irradiation treatment, which eliminates satellite cells from these muscles, prevents the compensatory hypertrophy in these types of experiments. (arvojournals.org)

Satellite cells proliferate following muscle trauma and form new myofibers through a process similar to fetal muscle development. (wikipedia.org)
This study elucidated effects of glutamine (Gln) supplementation on the cellular muscle development of LBW and normal birth weight (NBW) piglets. (nature.com)
The delayed growth of LBW piglets is mainly due to a slower development of skeletal muscle as the myogenic activity is usually impaired in these animals during the fetal and early postnatal period 3 , 4 . (nature.com)
Light is shown to promote shoot regeneration by inducing chlorenchyma cell development and coordinating sugar signaling. (bvsalud.org)

The control of MuSC state depends on the expression levels of myogenic transcription factors. (biomed.news)

After several cell divisions, the satellite cells begin to fuse with the damaged myotubes and undergo further differentiations and maturation, with peripheral nuclei as in hallmark. (wikipedia.org)

J Cell Sci (2022) 135 (15): jcs259789. (biologists.com)

However, the role of individual arms of the UPR in skeletal muscle regeneration remain less understood. (elifesciences.org)

In the present study, we demonstrate that IRE1α (also known as ERN1) and its downstream target, XBP1, are activated in skeletal muscle of mice upon injury. (elifesciences.org)
These findings demonstrate that C/EBPβ is a novel regulator of satellite cell self-renewal during muscle regeneration acting at least in part through Notch2. (biomedcentral.com)
These findings significantly advance our understanding of the cellular and molecular aspects of shoot regeneration in tomato callus and demonstrate the immense potential of spatial transcriptomics in plant biology. (bvsalud.org)

7 8 9 In fact, passive stretching alone can activate limb muscle satellite cells. (arvojournals.org)

The molecular basis of the shoot regeneration process in crop callus remains largely elusive. (bvsalud.org)
By characterizing the spatially resolved molecular features of shoot primordia and surrounding cells, specific factors essential for shoot primordia formation are identified. (bvsalud.org)

On the other hand, activated satellite cells have an increased number of caveolae, cytoplasmic organelles, and decreased levels of heterochromatin. (wikipedia.org)

Our previous studies showed that Gln had the potential to increase muscle fiber size in piglets 16 , but the mechanism was not clear. (nature.com)

These cells represent the oldest known adult stem cell niche, and are involved in the normal growth of muscle, as well as regeneration following injury or disease. (wikipedia.org)
As such, the satellite cell niche is relatively ill-defined and it is likely that it consists of multiple sub-populations. (wikipedia.org)

In miR-378-/- animals, an elevated abundance of muscle satellite cells (mSCs) on day 3 was found. (bvsalud.org)

There is also evidence suggesting that these cells are capable of fusing with existing myofibers to facilitate growth and repair. (wikipedia.org)

The field of satellite cell biology suffers from the same technical difficulties as other stem cell fields. (wikipedia.org)

Anatomy53

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Chemicals and Drugs82

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Phenomena and Processes62

Disciplines and Occupations3

Technology, Industry, Agriculture1

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Differentiation12

Myoblasts1

Myofiber8

MyoD2

Proliferation8

PAX33

Myogenin1

Located beneath the basal lamina1

Proliferative1

Myonuclei4

Myogenesis2

Quiescent5

Knockout4

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Satellite cells become activated1

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20221

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Activate1

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